CA1240671A - Method for increasing the reactivity of cellulose - Google Patents
Method for increasing the reactivity of celluloseInfo
- Publication number
- CA1240671A CA1240671A CA000412559A CA412559A CA1240671A CA 1240671 A CA1240671 A CA 1240671A CA 000412559 A CA000412559 A CA 000412559A CA 412559 A CA412559 A CA 412559A CA 1240671 A CA1240671 A CA 1240671A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cellulose
- ammonia
- alfalfa
- pressure
- containing material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 58
- 241000219823 Medicago Species 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 27
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 241000282849 Ruminantia Species 0.000 description 10
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 8
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000012978 lignocellulosic material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 4
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 3
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010907 stover Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 2
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001007 puffing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004767 rumen Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000482268 Zea mays subsp. mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B1/00—Preparatory treatment of cellulose for making derivatives thereof, e.g. pre-treatment, pre-soaking, activation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S426/00—Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
- Y10S426/807—Poultry or ruminant feed
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Immobilizing And Processing Of Enzymes And Microorganisms (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/311,168 US4600590A (en) | 1981-10-14 | 1981-10-14 | Method for increasing the reactivity and digestibility of cellulose with ammonia |
| US311,168 | 1981-10-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1240671A true CA1240671A (en) | 1988-08-16 |
Family
ID=23205704
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000412559A Expired CA1240671A (en) | 1981-10-14 | 1982-09-30 | Method for increasing the reactivity of cellulose |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4600590A (Direct) |
| EP (1) | EP0077287B1 (Direct) |
| JP (1) | JPS5879001A (Direct) |
| AT (1) | ATE34990T1 (Direct) |
| AU (1) | AU555217B2 (Direct) |
| BG (1) | BG45217A3 (Direct) |
| BR (1) | BR8205849A (Direct) |
| CA (1) | CA1240671A (Direct) |
| DE (1) | DE3278635D1 (Direct) |
| MX (1) | MX164803B (Direct) |
| NZ (1) | NZ202057A (Direct) |
| ZA (1) | ZA827241B (Direct) |
Families Citing this family (114)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4644060A (en) * | 1985-05-21 | 1987-02-17 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Supercritical ammonia treatment of lignocellulosic materials |
| US5026571A (en) * | 1990-02-08 | 1991-06-25 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of Agriculture | Chemically treating forage |
| WO1991013099A1 (en) * | 1990-03-02 | 1991-09-05 | Afex Corporation | Biomass refining process |
| US5370999A (en) * | 1992-12-17 | 1994-12-06 | Colorado State University Research Foundation | Treatment of fibrous lignocellulosic biomass by high shear forces in a turbulent couette flow to make the biomass more susceptible to hydrolysis |
| DE4329937C1 (de) * | 1993-09-04 | 1994-11-24 | Rhodia Ag Rhone Poulenc | Verfahren zur Behandlung von Cellulose zu deren Aktivierung für nachfolgende chemische Reaktionen |
| CA2214245C (en) * | 1995-03-25 | 2001-10-02 | Rhone-Poulenc Rhodia Aktiengesellschaft | Process for activating polysaccharides, polysaccharides made by this process and their use |
| DK96595A (da) * | 1995-08-30 | 1997-03-01 | Bio Ethanol A S | Fremgangsmåde til oplukning af celluloseholdig biomasse ved behandling af materialer med en flygtig base |
| DE19628277C2 (de) * | 1996-07-12 | 1998-07-09 | Rhodia Ag Rhone Poulenc | Verfahren zur Aktivierung eines Cellulose und Harnstoff enthaltenden Gemisches, aktiviertes Cellulose und Harnstoff enthaltendes Gemisch und Verwendung des aktivierten Gemisches zur Herstellung von Cellulosecarbamat |
| DE19742692A1 (de) * | 1997-09-26 | 1999-04-01 | Rhodia Acetow Ag | Verfahren zur Aktivierung von Polysacchariden |
| US6176176B1 (en) | 1998-04-30 | 2001-01-23 | Board Of Trustees Operating Michigan State University | Apparatus for treating cellulosic materials |
| US6548659B1 (en) * | 2001-01-31 | 2003-04-15 | The Board Of Supervisors Of Louisiana State University & Agricultural & Mechanical College | Process for ammoniating cellulosic materials |
| CA2562467C (en) | 2004-04-13 | 2012-07-31 | Iogen Energy Corporation | Recovery of inorganic salt during processing of lignocellulosic feedstocks |
| CA2666100A1 (en) * | 2005-10-11 | 2007-04-19 | Earnest Stuart | Device and method for treating biomass |
| JP4734425B2 (ja) * | 2006-01-27 | 2011-07-27 | ユニバーシティ オブ マサチューセッツ | バイオ燃料および関連材料を製造するためのシステムおよび方法 |
| WO2008020901A2 (en) * | 2006-05-01 | 2008-02-21 | Michigan State University | Separation of proteins from grasses integrated with ammonia fiber explosion (afex) pretreatment and cellulose hydrolysis |
| US8968515B2 (en) | 2006-05-01 | 2015-03-03 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Methods for pretreating biomass |
| BRPI0711139A2 (pt) * | 2006-05-01 | 2012-02-22 | Michigan State University | Processo para o tratamento de carboidratos estruturais em biomassa lignocelulósica, processo para tratamento de uma biomassa vegetal com conteúdo lignocelulósico compreendendo carboidratos estruturais com água naturalmente presente na biomassa para produção de carboidratos estruturais mais digeríveis ou acessíveis, processo para recuperação de amõnia e um tratamento de explosão de fibras de amõnia de uma biomassa lignocelulósica, e sistema |
| US9206446B2 (en) | 2006-05-01 | 2015-12-08 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Extraction of solubles from plant biomass for use as microbial growth stimulant and methods related thereto |
| US20110201091A1 (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2011-08-18 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Production of microbial growth stimulant with ammonia fiber explosion (AFEX) pretreatment and cellulose hydrolysis |
| US20070287795A1 (en) * | 2006-06-08 | 2007-12-13 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Composite materials from corncob granules and process for preparation |
| US7666637B2 (en) * | 2006-09-05 | 2010-02-23 | Xuan Nghinh Nguyen | Integrated process for separation of lignocellulosic components to fermentable sugars for production of ethanol and chemicals |
| US8323923B1 (en) | 2006-10-13 | 2012-12-04 | Sweetwater Energy, Inc. | Method and system for producing ethanol |
| US9499635B2 (en) | 2006-10-13 | 2016-11-22 | Sweetwater Energy, Inc. | Integrated wood processing and sugar production |
| US7670813B2 (en) * | 2006-10-25 | 2010-03-02 | Iogen Energy Corporation | Inorganic salt recovery during processing of lignocellulosic feedstocks |
| CA2670096A1 (en) * | 2006-11-21 | 2008-05-29 | The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Inc. | Biofuel production methods and compositions |
| US8247200B2 (en) * | 2007-01-25 | 2012-08-21 | Iogen Energy Corporation | Method of obtaining inorganic salt and acetate salt from cellulosic biomass |
| WO2008109111A2 (en) * | 2007-03-05 | 2008-09-12 | Archer-Daniels-Midland Company | Method of preparing more digestible animal feed |
| EP2142573A4 (en) * | 2007-04-19 | 2013-02-27 | Mascoma Corp | COMBINED THERMOCHEMICAL PRETREATMENT AND REFINING OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS |
| WO2008137639A1 (en) * | 2007-05-02 | 2008-11-13 | Mascoma Corporation | Two-stage method for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass |
| US20080277082A1 (en) * | 2007-05-07 | 2008-11-13 | Andritz Inc. | High pressure compressor and steam explosion pulping method |
| US20090011474A1 (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2009-01-08 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Process for producing sugars from cellulosic biomass |
| US20090042259A1 (en) * | 2007-08-09 | 2009-02-12 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Process for enzymatically converting a plant biomass |
| US20090053771A1 (en) * | 2007-08-22 | 2009-02-26 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Process for making fuels and chemicals from AFEX-treated whole grain or whole plants |
| AU2008291588A1 (en) | 2007-08-27 | 2009-03-05 | Iogen Energy Corporation | Method for the production of a fermentation product from a pretreated lignocellulosic feedstock |
| EP2198019A4 (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2011-05-11 | Iogen Energy Corp | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING CELLULASE |
| US8367378B2 (en) * | 2007-10-03 | 2013-02-05 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Process for producing sugars and ethanol using corn stillage |
| CA2716493A1 (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2009-09-03 | Qteros, Inc. | Methods for the conversion of plant materials into fuels and chemicals by sequential action of two microorganisms |
| WO2009124321A1 (en) * | 2008-04-04 | 2009-10-08 | University Of Massachusetts | Methods and compositions for improving the production of fuels in microorganisms |
| MX2010011975A (es) * | 2008-04-30 | 2011-01-21 | Xyleco Inc | Procesamiento de biomasa. |
| WO2009137804A1 (en) * | 2008-05-09 | 2009-11-12 | University Of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. | Yeast cells and mehtods for increasing ethanol production |
| WO2009143481A1 (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2009-11-26 | University Of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. | Paenibacillus ssp. and methods for fermentation of lignocellulosic materials |
| WO2009152362A2 (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2009-12-17 | University Of Massachusetts | Methods and compositions for regulating sporulation |
| CA2638150C (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2012-03-27 | Sunopta Bioprocess Inc. | Method and apparatus for conveying a cellulosic feedstock |
| CA2638152C (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2013-07-16 | Sunopta Bioprocess Inc. | Method and apparatus for treating a cellulosic feedstock |
| CA2638157C (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2013-05-28 | Sunopta Bioprocess Inc. | Method and apparatus for conveying a cellulosic feedstock |
| CA2638160C (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2015-02-17 | Sunopta Bioprocess Inc. | Method and apparatus for conveying a cellulosic feedstock |
| CA2650913C (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2013-10-15 | Sunopta Bioprocess Inc. | Method and apparatus for conveying a cellulosic feedstock |
| CA2650919C (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2014-04-22 | Sunopta Bioprocess Inc. | Method and apparatus for conveying a cellulosic feedstock |
| CA2638159C (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2012-09-11 | Sunopta Bioprocess Inc. | Method and apparatus for treating a cellulosic feedstock |
| US9127325B2 (en) | 2008-07-24 | 2015-09-08 | Abengoa Bioenergy New Technologies, Llc. | Method and apparatus for treating a cellulosic feedstock |
| US8915644B2 (en) | 2008-07-24 | 2014-12-23 | Abengoa Bioenergy New Technologies, Llc. | Method and apparatus for conveying a cellulosic feedstock |
| WO2010033823A2 (en) | 2008-09-18 | 2010-03-25 | University Of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. | Methods and compositions for degrading pectin |
| CA2781862C (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2018-02-13 | Sweetwater Energy, Inc. | Ensiling biomass for biofuels production and multiple phase apparatus for hydrolyzation of ensiled biomass |
| US9279112B2 (en) | 2009-02-27 | 2016-03-08 | Iogen Energy Corporation | Cellulase enzymes having a modified linker and reduced lignin binding |
| US20100086981A1 (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2010-04-08 | Qteros, Inc. | Compositions and methods for improved saccharification of biomass |
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| AU2010249409C1 (en) | 2009-05-21 | 2014-06-05 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Methods for pretreating biomass |
| CA2673134A1 (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2011-01-17 | Murray J. Burke | Method and apparatus for the heat treatment of a cellulosic feedstock upstream of hydrolysis |
| US10457810B2 (en) | 2009-08-24 | 2019-10-29 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Densified biomass products containing pretreated biomass fibers |
| ES2529510T3 (es) | 2009-08-24 | 2015-02-20 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Productos de biomasa densificada y pretratada y procedimientos de fabricación y uso de los mismos |
| PL2467532T3 (pl) | 2009-08-24 | 2014-11-28 | Abengoa Bioenergy New Tech Llc | Sposób wytwarzania etanolu i współproduktów z biomasy celulozowej |
| US20130244293A1 (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2013-09-19 | Board Of Trustees Of Michingan State Unversity | Fractionated extractive products from plant biomass and methods of making and using same |
| US8945245B2 (en) | 2009-08-24 | 2015-02-03 | The Michigan Biotechnology Institute | Methods of hydrolyzing pretreated densified biomass particulates and systems related thereto |
| KR20110067992A (ko) * | 2009-12-15 | 2011-06-22 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 내부발열을 이용한 바이오매스의 전처리 방법 및 전처리 장치 |
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| EP2534246A4 (en) | 2010-02-11 | 2013-07-10 | Iogen Energy Corp | MODULES FOR BINDING CARBON WITH LIGNINED REDUCED BINDING |
| US10074867B2 (en) | 2010-03-17 | 2018-09-11 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Microbial electrochemical cells and methods for producing electricity and bioproducts therein |
| WO2011116185A2 (en) | 2010-03-17 | 2011-09-22 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Biofuel and electricity producing fuel cells and systems and methods related to same |
| GB2478791A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-09-21 | Qteros Inc | Ethanol production by genetically-modified bacteria |
| CA2797193C (en) | 2010-04-19 | 2015-12-15 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Digestible lignocellulosic biomass and extractives and methods for producing same |
| US20110289625A1 (en) | 2010-05-19 | 2011-11-24 | Rujin Chen | Altered leaf morphology and enhanced agronomic properties in plants |
| US8651403B2 (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2014-02-18 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Anhydrous ammonia treatment for improved milling of biomass |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE169880C (Direct) * | 1900-01-01 | |||
| US2270326A (en) * | 1932-01-30 | 1942-01-20 | North American Rayon Corp | Manufacture of reactive forms of cellulose and the like |
| US2580491A (en) * | 1950-08-08 | 1952-01-01 | Jr Kyle Ward | Reducing the crystallinity of native fibrous cellulosic material |
| US3282313A (en) * | 1964-11-24 | 1966-11-01 | Research Corp | Method of forming wood and formed wood product |
| US3667961A (en) * | 1967-09-22 | 1972-06-06 | Santa Ynez Research Farm | Process for improving digestibility of feedstuffs for ruminant animals |
| US3707436A (en) * | 1971-03-22 | 1972-12-26 | Kimberly Clark Co | Exploding of ammonia impregnated wood chips |
| US3939286A (en) * | 1973-01-29 | 1976-02-17 | Jelks James W | Process for oxidizing and hydrolyzing plant organic matter particles to increase the digestability thereof by ruminants |
| DE2310459A1 (de) * | 1973-03-02 | 1974-09-12 | Fritz Dr Opderbeck | Verfahren zum erzeugen von faserstoff aus pflanzlichem material |
| JPS5811881B2 (ja) * | 1975-07-22 | 1983-03-05 | ライオン株式会社 | リユウサンカセルロ−スノセイゾウホウ |
| JPS534085A (en) * | 1976-07-01 | 1978-01-14 | Eru Shii Hao Pooru | Process for preparing cellulosic substance of high azotic content |
| US4136207A (en) * | 1977-01-24 | 1979-01-23 | Stake Technology Ltd. | Method of treating lignocellulose materials to produce ruminant feed |
| NZ187047A (en) * | 1977-04-27 | 1981-03-16 | Commw Scient Ind Res Org | Explosive defibration of cellulosic plant material material passes through nozzle providing tortuous path for discharging material |
| US4235707A (en) * | 1979-04-09 | 1980-11-25 | Burke, Davoud & Associates | Method and apparatus for treating solid municipal refuse and other cellulose containing material |
| US4356196A (en) * | 1980-10-20 | 1982-10-26 | Hultquist Joe H | Process for treating alfalfa and other cellulosic agricultural crops |
-
1981
- 1981-10-14 US US06/311,168 patent/US4600590A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1982
- 1982-09-30 CA CA000412559A patent/CA1240671A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-10-01 NZ NZ202057A patent/NZ202057A/en unknown
- 1982-10-01 ZA ZA827241A patent/ZA827241B/xx unknown
- 1982-10-06 DE DE8282630094T patent/DE3278635D1/de not_active Expired
- 1982-10-06 EP EP82630094A patent/EP0077287B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-10-06 BR BR8205849A patent/BR8205849A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-10-06 AT AT82630094T patent/ATE34990T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-10-13 JP JP57179690A patent/JPS5879001A/ja active Granted
- 1982-10-13 BG BG058282A patent/BG45217A3/xx unknown
- 1982-10-13 AU AU89322/82A patent/AU555217B2/en not_active Expired
- 1982-10-14 MX MX194786A patent/MX164803B/es unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NZ202057A (en) | 1985-07-31 |
| ZA827241B (en) | 1983-08-31 |
| AU8932282A (en) | 1983-04-21 |
| MX164803B (es) | 1992-09-24 |
| US4600590A (en) | 1986-07-15 |
| BG45217A3 (bg) | 1989-04-14 |
| EP0077287A3 (en) | 1984-07-18 |
| JPS5879001A (ja) | 1983-05-12 |
| JPH0326201B2 (Direct) | 1991-04-10 |
| DE3278635D1 (en) | 1988-07-14 |
| ATE34990T1 (de) | 1988-06-15 |
| EP0077287A2 (en) | 1983-04-20 |
| AU555217B2 (en) | 1986-09-18 |
| EP0077287B1 (en) | 1988-06-08 |
| BR8205849A (pt) | 1983-09-06 |
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