CA1228341A - Method and device for disintegrating coarse material - Google Patents
Method and device for disintegrating coarse materialInfo
- Publication number
- CA1228341A CA1228341A CA000422323A CA422323A CA1228341A CA 1228341 A CA1228341 A CA 1228341A CA 000422323 A CA000422323 A CA 000422323A CA 422323 A CA422323 A CA 422323A CA 1228341 A CA1228341 A CA 1228341A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- screws
- threads
- blade
- adjacent
- slope
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Coarse waste e.g. stumps (3, 7, 8), lumber from demolition etc. is disintegrated in a device comprising at least two cooperating, essentially parallel screws to (1, 2, 6) in that the screws have mutually opposite feeding directions so that they tear the waste into pieces. (Fig 1).
Coarse waste e.g. stumps (3, 7, 8), lumber from demolition etc. is disintegrated in a device comprising at least two cooperating, essentially parallel screws to (1, 2, 6) in that the screws have mutually opposite feeding directions so that they tear the waste into pieces. (Fig 1).
Description
1228;~41 A method and device for disintegrating coarse material.
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a method and a device for disintegrating coarse and voluminous non-friable material, e.g. stumps, peat and waste from clearing, demolition and packing etc. to desirable fractions for e.g. making cellulose, fuel, compost and the like.
PRIOR ART
This type of handling demands large machines with heavy expenses. The machine types, which already are available on the market, have heavy consumption of energy and proper-tionately low production capacity at the same time as they have a limited capacity to accept and disintegrate very bulky material.
A large group of machines for this purpose disintegrate the material by feeding the same toward one or several constrictions by means of one or several parallel screws.
This is a very energy demanding method because of the friction in the constriction.
Another group of machines (SE-patent 409 420) have screws which above a bottom feed the material forwardly toward stationary dolly knives. A problem herewith is ago. that the material may stop against the knives. To reduce this problem it is suggested in the patent to intermittently and individually reverse the operation of the screws to feed back the material which possibly have stopped. However, this does not prevent that these machines have defective capacity.
A third group of machines for this purpose operate with propeller like screw members which principally divide the material in a tangential direction against dollies in form of counteracting rotors or fixed projections from surround ding stand walls. Also machines with rapidly rotating striking members e.g. hammer mills have been used to 1;~2839~1 disintegrate coarse waste, but they have limitations regarding the dimension of the material supplied thereto.
THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and a device S for disintegrating coarse material to pieces of desirable dimension with lowest possible energy consumption and with as little too fine material as possible.
According to the invention the material is disintegrated in a way which is defined in claim 1. Accordingly, the material will not be fed forwardly by the screws but is torn and crushed between them untilitpasses through the spaces between the screws. By choosing a suitable dime-soon of the spaces between the screws, a desirable dime-soon of the disintegrated material can be obtained. Since the screws have a comparatively small pitch in proportion to the diameter of the screw the tangential operating force is geared up to a many times larger axially operating force. The axial forces in two cooperating screws counter-act each other. Accordingly, the material introduced bet-wren these screws is effected by a counteracting force couple tearing the material in its weakest sections into pieces. When the material is disintegrated so that it can fall down through the openings between the screws the material is finally divided and may be transported away.
The above disintegration effect is obtained along the whole slot between two cooperating screws, which gives a large production capacity with a comparative small energy consumption. The threads on the screws should be blade shaped and slope in the feeding direction and should be covered on the edge with a wear resistant material. Counter-acting feeding directions can be provided either by two adjacent screws having different directions of rotation or by screws having opposite threads, i.e. one is right threaded and the other is left threaded.
1228~41.
The division of the material may also be done in several steps, whereby it may pass several sets of cooperating screws with gradually decreasing dimensions and mutual distance.
The characteristics of the device according to the invent lion appears by claim 6. The screws should be arranged essentially horizontally so that the material owing to the gravitation passes between them. Above the screws a funnel is located and under them an opening for discharge.
In the latter also a grid and classifying means may be located.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig 1 shows in principle how material is disintegrated according to the invention.
Figs 2 and 3 show in vertical and horizontal cross section a construction according to the invention, Fig 2 showing a cross section along the line II-II in fig 3 and fig 3 showing a cross section along the line III-III in fig 2.
Fig 4 shows in cross section a preferred shape of the Jo blade thread.
Figs 5 and 6 show an industrial application of the invent lion in the form of a mobile construction in which a device according to the invention is built in.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In Fig 1 two right threaded screws 1, 2 are shown with opposite directions of rotation, which accordingly aim to feed the stump 3 lying on the screws in opposite directions.
The threads are blade shaped and slope with the outer edges in the feeding direction. The third screw 6 is left threaded and cooperate with the middle screw 2 and have the same direction of rotation as this. sty its direction of rotation the third screw will also aim to pull in the stump 7 between the screws. Accordingly the material will be disintegrated by a combination of cutting, pressing, tearing and bending movements. The obtained pieces 8 pass between the screws.
Figs 2 and 3 show a device according to the invention located on a stand 11 and comprising a frame 12 with bearings 13 for four screws 14-17. Of these screws, the two in the middle 15, 16, are right threaded and the two S outermost 14, 17 left threaded. The screws are operated by motors 18 and their direction of rotation have been indicated by arrows. The threads 19 of the screws are blade shaped and oblique in the feeding direction as is shown in Fig 4. The material which is to be disintegrated is fed in by a funnel 20 and the disintegrated material falls out through a discharge opening 21.
The blade thread 25 shown in Fig 4 lean toward the axle 26 on which it is fixed and is provided with a wear resistant edge 27. It is advantageous that the disintegrating edge 27 on the screw in question is active in the feeding direction of the screw. In other words the edge 27 should have a lip or a cutting or shearing portion facing in the feeding direction of the screw so that the edges on two adjacent rotating screws are capable to grip hold of and cut into the material at the same time from two differ rent directions.
The mobile device shown in Figs 5 and 6 consists of a tractor 31 with steering 32 in the middle and connected to a trailer 33. Both are provided with support legs 34, 35, 36.
The trailer is provided with a hoisting crane 37 for loading the material, which is to be disintegrated into a funnel 38, which leads to a screw device according to the invent lion. This consists of three screws 39, 40, 41 operated by hydraulic motors 42. For feeding of these there is a hydraulic assembly 43. Under the screws there is a grid 44, which allow fine material e.g. soil and sand particles to pass through during disintegration of stumps. The more coarse material slides on the grid 44 to a transport device 45 with which the material may be loaded on another 1;;~;~8341 vehicle or be put up in a stack. The screw 40 in the middle is located lower than the other two and can if its feeding direction is chosen right assist in feeding out the material on the grid 44. The bearing housings 46, 47, 48 for the screws are displayable and can be adjusted for different degrees of coarseness of the material passing through.
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a method and a device for disintegrating coarse and voluminous non-friable material, e.g. stumps, peat and waste from clearing, demolition and packing etc. to desirable fractions for e.g. making cellulose, fuel, compost and the like.
PRIOR ART
This type of handling demands large machines with heavy expenses. The machine types, which already are available on the market, have heavy consumption of energy and proper-tionately low production capacity at the same time as they have a limited capacity to accept and disintegrate very bulky material.
A large group of machines for this purpose disintegrate the material by feeding the same toward one or several constrictions by means of one or several parallel screws.
This is a very energy demanding method because of the friction in the constriction.
Another group of machines (SE-patent 409 420) have screws which above a bottom feed the material forwardly toward stationary dolly knives. A problem herewith is ago. that the material may stop against the knives. To reduce this problem it is suggested in the patent to intermittently and individually reverse the operation of the screws to feed back the material which possibly have stopped. However, this does not prevent that these machines have defective capacity.
A third group of machines for this purpose operate with propeller like screw members which principally divide the material in a tangential direction against dollies in form of counteracting rotors or fixed projections from surround ding stand walls. Also machines with rapidly rotating striking members e.g. hammer mills have been used to 1;~2839~1 disintegrate coarse waste, but they have limitations regarding the dimension of the material supplied thereto.
THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and a device S for disintegrating coarse material to pieces of desirable dimension with lowest possible energy consumption and with as little too fine material as possible.
According to the invention the material is disintegrated in a way which is defined in claim 1. Accordingly, the material will not be fed forwardly by the screws but is torn and crushed between them untilitpasses through the spaces between the screws. By choosing a suitable dime-soon of the spaces between the screws, a desirable dime-soon of the disintegrated material can be obtained. Since the screws have a comparatively small pitch in proportion to the diameter of the screw the tangential operating force is geared up to a many times larger axially operating force. The axial forces in two cooperating screws counter-act each other. Accordingly, the material introduced bet-wren these screws is effected by a counteracting force couple tearing the material in its weakest sections into pieces. When the material is disintegrated so that it can fall down through the openings between the screws the material is finally divided and may be transported away.
The above disintegration effect is obtained along the whole slot between two cooperating screws, which gives a large production capacity with a comparative small energy consumption. The threads on the screws should be blade shaped and slope in the feeding direction and should be covered on the edge with a wear resistant material. Counter-acting feeding directions can be provided either by two adjacent screws having different directions of rotation or by screws having opposite threads, i.e. one is right threaded and the other is left threaded.
1228~41.
The division of the material may also be done in several steps, whereby it may pass several sets of cooperating screws with gradually decreasing dimensions and mutual distance.
The characteristics of the device according to the invent lion appears by claim 6. The screws should be arranged essentially horizontally so that the material owing to the gravitation passes between them. Above the screws a funnel is located and under them an opening for discharge.
In the latter also a grid and classifying means may be located.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig 1 shows in principle how material is disintegrated according to the invention.
Figs 2 and 3 show in vertical and horizontal cross section a construction according to the invention, Fig 2 showing a cross section along the line II-II in fig 3 and fig 3 showing a cross section along the line III-III in fig 2.
Fig 4 shows in cross section a preferred shape of the Jo blade thread.
Figs 5 and 6 show an industrial application of the invent lion in the form of a mobile construction in which a device according to the invention is built in.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In Fig 1 two right threaded screws 1, 2 are shown with opposite directions of rotation, which accordingly aim to feed the stump 3 lying on the screws in opposite directions.
The threads are blade shaped and slope with the outer edges in the feeding direction. The third screw 6 is left threaded and cooperate with the middle screw 2 and have the same direction of rotation as this. sty its direction of rotation the third screw will also aim to pull in the stump 7 between the screws. Accordingly the material will be disintegrated by a combination of cutting, pressing, tearing and bending movements. The obtained pieces 8 pass between the screws.
Figs 2 and 3 show a device according to the invention located on a stand 11 and comprising a frame 12 with bearings 13 for four screws 14-17. Of these screws, the two in the middle 15, 16, are right threaded and the two S outermost 14, 17 left threaded. The screws are operated by motors 18 and their direction of rotation have been indicated by arrows. The threads 19 of the screws are blade shaped and oblique in the feeding direction as is shown in Fig 4. The material which is to be disintegrated is fed in by a funnel 20 and the disintegrated material falls out through a discharge opening 21.
The blade thread 25 shown in Fig 4 lean toward the axle 26 on which it is fixed and is provided with a wear resistant edge 27. It is advantageous that the disintegrating edge 27 on the screw in question is active in the feeding direction of the screw. In other words the edge 27 should have a lip or a cutting or shearing portion facing in the feeding direction of the screw so that the edges on two adjacent rotating screws are capable to grip hold of and cut into the material at the same time from two differ rent directions.
The mobile device shown in Figs 5 and 6 consists of a tractor 31 with steering 32 in the middle and connected to a trailer 33. Both are provided with support legs 34, 35, 36.
The trailer is provided with a hoisting crane 37 for loading the material, which is to be disintegrated into a funnel 38, which leads to a screw device according to the invent lion. This consists of three screws 39, 40, 41 operated by hydraulic motors 42. For feeding of these there is a hydraulic assembly 43. Under the screws there is a grid 44, which allow fine material e.g. soil and sand particles to pass through during disintegration of stumps. The more coarse material slides on the grid 44 to a transport device 45 with which the material may be loaded on another 1;;~;~8341 vehicle or be put up in a stack. The screw 40 in the middle is located lower than the other two and can if its feeding direction is chosen right assist in feeding out the material on the grid 44. The bearing housings 46, 47, 48 for the screws are displayable and can be adjusted for different degrees of coarseness of the material passing through.
Claims (27)
1. A method for producing the disintegration of material, which method comprises:
rotating at least two generally adjacent, generally paral-lel co-operating screws, each of said screws having threads which have disintegrating edges which are active in the direction of advancement of the thread during rotation and arranged so that each screw has a direction of thread advancement which is opposite to that of any immediately adjacent screw, and;
placing the material to be disintegrated in contact with the screws whereby the disintegration edges of the threads grip and cut into the material to be disintegrated, in opposite directions.
rotating at least two generally adjacent, generally paral-lel co-operating screws, each of said screws having threads which have disintegrating edges which are active in the direction of advancement of the thread during rotation and arranged so that each screw has a direction of thread advancement which is opposite to that of any immediately adjacent screw, and;
placing the material to be disintegrated in contact with the screws whereby the disintegration edges of the threads grip and cut into the material to be disintegrated, in opposite directions.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the degree of disintegration is controlled by adjustment of the distance between the screws.
3. The method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the material is caused to pass through a plurality of sets of co-operating screws sequentially, each set in said sequence having decreasing thread dimensions and decreasing spaces between adjacent threads.
4. A device for producing the disintegration of material, comprising:
a frame;
at least two screws rotatable mounted to the frame in an essentially parallel relationship to one another, said screws having thread edges adapted for disintegration of material, which edges are active in the direction of advancement of the threads when the screws are rotated in a prescribed direction, and each individual screw having a direction of thread advancement, when rotated in its prescribed direction, which is opposite to the direction of thread advancement of any immediately adjacent screw when said screw is rotated in its own prescribed direction, and;
drive means for rotating each screw in its prescribed direction so that the disintegrating edges of the threads of immediately adjacent screws advance in mutually opposite directions.
a frame;
at least two screws rotatable mounted to the frame in an essentially parallel relationship to one another, said screws having thread edges adapted for disintegration of material, which edges are active in the direction of advancement of the threads when the screws are rotated in a prescribed direction, and each individual screw having a direction of thread advancement, when rotated in its prescribed direction, which is opposite to the direction of thread advancement of any immediately adjacent screw when said screw is rotated in its own prescribed direction, and;
drive means for rotating each screw in its prescribed direction so that the disintegrating edges of the threads of immediately adjacent screws advance in mutually opposite directions.
5. The device according to claim 4 wherein the screws are arranged in co-operating pairs and are supported in displacable bearings, the distances between adjacent bearings being adjustable in a direction perpendicular to the axes of the screws for the purpose of adjustment of the distances between the screws whereby the dimensions of the disintegrated material can be adjusted.
6. The device according to claim 4 wherein the thread helices of adjacent screws are arranged in the same direction, and wherein the opposite direction of advancement of immediately adjacent threads is produced by rotating the screws in opposite directions of rotation.
7. The device according to claim 5 wherein the thread helices of adjacent screws are arranged in the same direction, and wherein the opposite direction of advancement of immediately adjacent threads is produced by rotating the screws in opposite directions of rotation.
8. The device according to claim 4 wherein the thread helices of adjacent screws are arranged in the opposite direction, and wherein the opposite direction of advancement of any immediately adjacent threads is produced by rotating the screws in the same directions of rotation.
9. The device according to claim 5 wherein the thread helices of adjacent screws are arranged in the opposite direction, and wherein the opposite direction of advancement of any immediately adjacent threads is produced by rotating the screws in the same directions of rotation.
10. The device according to claim 4 further comprising a surrounding housing adjacent to the frame, opening at the top to a funnel, and having a discharge opening at the bottom.
11. The device according to claim 5 further comprising a surrounding housing adjacent to the frame, opening at the top to a funnel, and having a discharge opening at the bottom.
12. The device according to claim 8 further comprising a surrounding housing adjacent to the frame, opening at the top to a funnel and having a discharge opening at the bottom.
13. The device according to claim 9 further comprising a surrounding housing adjacent to the frame, opening at the top to a funnel and having a discharge opening at the bottom.
14. The device according to claim 4 wherein said screws have blade-shaped threads which slope in the direction of feed.
15. The device according to claim 5 wherein said screws have blade-shaped threads which slope in the direction of feed.
16. The device according to claim 6 wherein said screws have blade-shaped threads which slope in the direction of feed.
17. The device according to claim 7 wherein said screws have blade-shaped threads which slope in the direction of feed.
18. The device according to claim 8 wherein said screws have blade-shaped threads which slope in the direction of feed.
19. The device according to claim 9 wherein said screws have blade-shaped threads which slope in the direction of feed.
20. The device according to claim 10 wherein said screws have blade-shaped threads which slope in the direction of feed.
21. The device according to claim 11 wherein said screws have blade-shaped threads which slope in the direction of feed.
22. The device according to claim 12 wherein said screws have blade-shaped threads which slope in the direction of feed.
23. The device according to claim 13 wherein said screws have blade-shaped threads which slope in the direction of feed.
24. The device according to claim 14, 15 or 16 wherein the edges of the blade-shaped threads are covered with a wear resistant material.
25. The device according to claim 17, 18 or 19 wherein the edges of the blade shaped threads are covered with a wear resistant material.
26. The device according to claim 20, 21 or 22 wherein the edges of the blade-shaped threads are covered with a wear resistant material.
27. The device according to claim 23 wherein the edges of the blade-shaped threads are covered with a wear resistant material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000422323A CA1228341A (en) | 1983-02-24 | 1983-02-24 | Method and device for disintegrating coarse material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000422323A CA1228341A (en) | 1983-02-24 | 1983-02-24 | Method and device for disintegrating coarse material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1228341A true CA1228341A (en) | 1987-10-20 |
Family
ID=4124633
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000422323A Expired CA1228341A (en) | 1983-02-24 | 1983-02-24 | Method and device for disintegrating coarse material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1228341A (en) |
-
1983
- 1983-02-24 CA CA000422323A patent/CA1228341A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |