CA1209556A - Process for the operation of a system for the production of a fibrous and a granular material - Google Patents
Process for the operation of a system for the production of a fibrous and a granular materialInfo
- Publication number
- CA1209556A CA1209556A CA000402762A CA402762A CA1209556A CA 1209556 A CA1209556 A CA 1209556A CA 000402762 A CA000402762 A CA 000402762A CA 402762 A CA402762 A CA 402762A CA 1209556 A CA1209556 A CA 1209556A
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- waste
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- fractions
- fibrous
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
In order to avoid producing any secondary waste in the pro-duction of a fibrous and a granular material from house-hold, agricultural, forestry waste, organic waste of the manufacturing and/or service industries, the primary waste first undergoes an opening treatment in an opening unit and then, after removal of any metallic components by mag-netic separation units, is divided into three fractions.
Such division is effected by a fractionating unit into (a) a fine fraction not exceeding the required final product particle size, (b) a coarse fraction easy to process mecha-nically, and (c) a coarse fraction difficult to process me-chanically. The two coarse fractions are then separately reduced to the required final product particle size in re-ducing units optimally suited to the particular coarse fraction. Then all three fractions are dried to a specific maximum residual moisture content and sterilized in a dry-ing unit by heating and extraction of the resultant steam, are re-united and jointly fractionated by a further frac-tionating unit and air separators into a heavy fraction consisting chiefly of inorganic granulate, a light frac-tion consisting chiefly of organic fibres, and a dust frac-tion consisting chiefly of organic dust particles.
For operation of the drying unit the heating of the latter is fired direct by means of the loose fibrous material produced by the plant and taken from the raw material silos.
In order to avoid producing any secondary waste in the pro-duction of a fibrous and a granular material from house-hold, agricultural, forestry waste, organic waste of the manufacturing and/or service industries, the primary waste first undergoes an opening treatment in an opening unit and then, after removal of any metallic components by mag-netic separation units, is divided into three fractions.
Such division is effected by a fractionating unit into (a) a fine fraction not exceeding the required final product particle size, (b) a coarse fraction easy to process mecha-nically, and (c) a coarse fraction difficult to process me-chanically. The two coarse fractions are then separately reduced to the required final product particle size in re-ducing units optimally suited to the particular coarse fraction. Then all three fractions are dried to a specific maximum residual moisture content and sterilized in a dry-ing unit by heating and extraction of the resultant steam, are re-united and jointly fractionated by a further frac-tionating unit and air separators into a heavy fraction consisting chiefly of inorganic granulate, a light frac-tion consisting chiefly of organic fibres, and a dust frac-tion consisting chiefly of organic dust particles.
For operation of the drying unit the heating of the latter is fired direct by means of the loose fibrous material produced by the plant and taken from the raw material silos.
Description
-' ~2~S56 Process for the operation of a system for the production of a fibrous and a granular material FIELD OF THE INVENTIO~
~he present invention concerns a process for the operation of a system for the production of a fibrous and a granular material from household, agricultural, forestry waste, or-ganic waste of the manufacturing and/or service industri-es.
BACKGROU~D OF THE I~VENTION
There are several known processes for the production of fibrous and/or granular material from household, agricul-tural and forestry waste, organic waste of the manufactu-ring and/or service industries, but they all have the dis-advantage that in the course of processing about 30 weight-~ of theoretically useful initial material i.s dis-carded as useless waste; this not only involves a loss of still useful material but also causes considerable cost for the disposal of such material discarded as waste.
_ 4 _ A Swiss patent not published heretofore (SWi5S patent ap-plication No. 9557/80-0) discloses a system for the pro-auction of a fibrous and a granular material from house-hold, agricultural, forestry waste, organic waste of the manufacturing and/or service industries, cornprising an opening unit to open the material to be processed, a frac-tionating unit to obtain the fraction easy to reduce me-chanically and the fraction difficult to reduce mechani-cally; a first reducing unit to reduce the fraction diffi-cult to reduce, a second reducing unit to reduce the frac-tion easy to reduce, a drying unit to dry the different fractions, and a further fractionating unit for the joint re-fractionating of the re-united, dried fractions by par-ticle size; and not having the said disadvantages of the known systems, that is, not producing any secondary waste.
SUMMARY OF THE INVE~TIO~
It has been found that the operation of the system claimed can be rendered substantially simpler and cheaper if accor-ding to the present invention at least the drying unit of the said system is heated by means of the fibrous material produced by the system.
~ 20~5i56 ..
This permits to dispense entirely with the hitherto neces-sary use of fuel oil for the operation of the drying unit, the delivery and storage of fuel oil. It offers the advan-tage of considerable savings in the construction and in the maintenance of such a plant~
The remainder of the fibrous material produced by the system can, if aesired, be used direct to operate a dis-trict heating system or a steam boiler, for example.
In this, it may be expedient to carbonize the fibrous ma~e-rial for the heating of the drying unit.
It may be of advantagP to use the fibrous material in loose condition for the heating of the drying unit.
It may further be expedient to use the fibrous makerial in pressed condition, as in the form of bricks or pellets, for the heating of the drying unit~
The invention is now to be illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing.
~2Q9~5~
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
As the drawing shows, t~e waste is tipped into a bunker 1.
it is preferable to use waste which has undergone little or no fermentation and which has not been subjected to any treatment such as comminution, sorting, compaction on dumps or chemical treatment. The use of fresh organic wa-ste has the advantage that the ibrous crude material can be given the structure desired, and that the important com-ponents such as cellulose and lignin have been neither re-moved nor destroyed.
The waste thus bunkered is passed continuously or discon-tinuously by a mechanical conveyor 2 to an opening unit 3.
This unit serves to open the crude material, which is pre-sent in various forms, into its loose components, and also to reduce the widely varying waste by cutting, chopping and/or shredding to a size suitable for further proces-sing. This function can be perormed by cutting or beating mills and by choppers or shredders. To ensure trouble-free processing and to obtain the required structure, fineness
~he present invention concerns a process for the operation of a system for the production of a fibrous and a granular material from household, agricultural, forestry waste, or-ganic waste of the manufacturing and/or service industri-es.
BACKGROU~D OF THE I~VENTION
There are several known processes for the production of fibrous and/or granular material from household, agricul-tural and forestry waste, organic waste of the manufactu-ring and/or service industries, but they all have the dis-advantage that in the course of processing about 30 weight-~ of theoretically useful initial material i.s dis-carded as useless waste; this not only involves a loss of still useful material but also causes considerable cost for the disposal of such material discarded as waste.
_ 4 _ A Swiss patent not published heretofore (SWi5S patent ap-plication No. 9557/80-0) discloses a system for the pro-auction of a fibrous and a granular material from house-hold, agricultural, forestry waste, organic waste of the manufacturing and/or service industries, cornprising an opening unit to open the material to be processed, a frac-tionating unit to obtain the fraction easy to reduce me-chanically and the fraction difficult to reduce mechani-cally; a first reducing unit to reduce the fraction diffi-cult to reduce, a second reducing unit to reduce the frac-tion easy to reduce, a drying unit to dry the different fractions, and a further fractionating unit for the joint re-fractionating of the re-united, dried fractions by par-ticle size; and not having the said disadvantages of the known systems, that is, not producing any secondary waste.
SUMMARY OF THE INVE~TIO~
It has been found that the operation of the system claimed can be rendered substantially simpler and cheaper if accor-ding to the present invention at least the drying unit of the said system is heated by means of the fibrous material produced by the system.
~ 20~5i56 ..
This permits to dispense entirely with the hitherto neces-sary use of fuel oil for the operation of the drying unit, the delivery and storage of fuel oil. It offers the advan-tage of considerable savings in the construction and in the maintenance of such a plant~
The remainder of the fibrous material produced by the system can, if aesired, be used direct to operate a dis-trict heating system or a steam boiler, for example.
In this, it may be expedient to carbonize the fibrous ma~e-rial for the heating of the drying unit.
It may be of advantagP to use the fibrous material in loose condition for the heating of the drying unit.
It may further be expedient to use the fibrous makerial in pressed condition, as in the form of bricks or pellets, for the heating of the drying unit~
The invention is now to be illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing.
~2Q9~5~
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
As the drawing shows, t~e waste is tipped into a bunker 1.
it is preferable to use waste which has undergone little or no fermentation and which has not been subjected to any treatment such as comminution, sorting, compaction on dumps or chemical treatment. The use of fresh organic wa-ste has the advantage that the ibrous crude material can be given the structure desired, and that the important com-ponents such as cellulose and lignin have been neither re-moved nor destroyed.
The waste thus bunkered is passed continuously or discon-tinuously by a mechanical conveyor 2 to an opening unit 3.
This unit serves to open the crude material, which is pre-sent in various forms, into its loose components, and also to reduce the widely varying waste by cutting, chopping and/or shredding to a size suitable for further proces-sing. This function can be perormed by cutting or beating mills and by choppers or shredders. To ensure trouble-free processing and to obtain the required structure, fineness
2~ and purity of the final product, it is preferable to use a slow-running cutting mill such as is commercially avail-able in various versions. It is expedient to use a version having multi-knie shafts arranged side by side and run-12~95~6 ning in opposition to each o~her. Also, the multi-knife shafts should generally run at low speeds, and the indivi-dual shafts should run at different speeds. Again, for de-pendability, performance and self-cleaning, all shafts S should be reversible. Such a machine is commercially avail-able by t~e designation "shredder"~ Such or similar ma-chines are also used for the destruction of old cars and other sheet-metal products.
The material thus opened by the opening unit 3 and reduced to a size corresponding to a screen mesh of 20 ~ 30 cm drops on to a conveyor unit consisting of a vibrating chu-te 4.
To ensure trouble-free operation in the succedding stages, it is important to remove completely any iron parts pre-lS sent in the waste. For this purpose, the conveyor unit 4forwards the material in the form of an evenly aligned and relatively thin flow layer past a magnetic band 5 arranged above the conveyor unit 4 and delivers it at its end on to a rotating drum magnet 6 arranged below the conveyor unit.
As the waste quantities leaving the opening unit vary, the conveyor unit 4 is provided at a point before the magnetic band 5 with an equalizing unit, not shown.
D5~
The magnetic band 5 serves to remove the iron parts pre-sent in the upper por~ion of the flow layer. The rotating drum magnet 6 serves to remove the iron part~ present in the lower portion of the flow layer.
The magnetic units 5 and 6 are connected by a conveyor unit 7 to a bunker 8. From the bunker 8, the metal removed passes into a press 9 which presses the metal parts into commercially acceptable packet~s which may be passed on to a scrap metal foundry.
The material thus cleared of iron parts passes to a frac-tionating unit lO. The latter comprises a joggling screen 11 of about 6mm mesh to obtain a fine fraction. It further comprises a suction unit clearing the top of the joggling screen ll to obtain a mechanically easily reducible coar.se lS fraction, and is provided at the lower end of the inclined joggling screen ll with a chute 13 to receive such mate-rial still present on the joggling screen ll as cannot, be-cause of its si~e and/or weight, pass through the screen or be sucked away therefrom, for the purpose of obtaining 2~ a low-reducibility fraction.
This separation into three fractions has the advantage that the succeding reducing llnits 14 and 15 are relieved ~2~35~6 of the fine parts which do not exceed the required final size. The quota of such ines i8 normally about 15 weight-%, which means that in the succeeding reducing sta-ges about 15~ of energ~ is saved. The fines thus removed are passed through a duct 16 bypassing the two reducing units 14 and 15 and are then admixed to ~he waste reduced in the latter two unitsO
The separation into the two coarse fractions has the ad-vantage ~hat the two very different waste components are separated and can therefore be reduced to the required fi-nal size by reducing units best suited to each, and can in addition be given ~he required material ~tructure, so that in the last stage of the process, in which the material is sorted first by size and then into mainly specifically light fibrous ana mainly specifically heavy granular frac-tions, a very high separation accuracy and purity is achie-ved for the individual fractions.
The suction unit 12 may be a commercially available unit such as is used in the chipboard and cattle feed indu-stries. The light material which the suction unit 12 sucksfrom the waste flow through the suction ducts 12a, 12b and 12c consists chiefly of paper, cardboard, foil, textiles and wood chips, that is, organic materials, and is passed ss~
for final struc$uring and reduction to a reducing unit of the fine chopper type. Such reducing units are commercial-ly available under such designations as fine choppers, cut-ters or fine mills. It has been found expedient to use ro-tor type reducing units in which knife rotors work againstknife stators, or knife rotors against knife rotors, and which present a barrier-type selector to obtain the requi-red final material size.
The coarse fraction, which has been cleared of fines and of specifically light components by the joggling screen 11 and the suction unit 1~ and which is of low reducibility and in practice consists largely of inorganic matter, now undergoes a reducing process in the separate reducing unit 14. This unit serves to reduce the different waste compo-nents to t~e required final size of 6mm screen mesh suitab-le for complete recycling. Such reducing units 14 are com-mercially available by the designations of hammer, impact or beating mills, and can be used if provided with a bar-rier-type selector set to the smallest screen mesh.
The fractions from the reducing units 14 and 15 and from the bypase duct pass jointly into a bin 17. The material stored in the latter then passes to a drying and steri-lizing unit 18. This unit serves to dry the material to a il2~95~;6 specific constant residual moisture and to destroy nocuous substances present in the material, such as pathogenic bacteria. For the purpose, temperatures of over 100C are attainable in the drying unit 18~ and the residence time of the material in the unit is also controllable. the supp-ly of hot dry air from the heating 34 and through the re-circulation duct 19, and the discharge of the moisture-loaded air~ proceed continuously and are also controllab-le, for the purpose of controlling to a target value the residual moisture of the material leaving the drying un1t 18.
After the drying unit 18, ~he material thus treated is se-parated by a separating unit 20 into a light and a heavy fraction, and the light fraction then passes to a waste air separator 21 of cyclone type for the discharge of the damp waste air from the drying process. By this arrange-ment it is possible considerably to reduce the wear in the waste air separator 21 and at the same time considerably increase the dependability thereof. The material leaving the separator 21 is then re-united with the previously se-parated light fraction, and passes through an ozone treat-ment unit 22 to a fractionating unit 23. The latter serves to separate the dried and sterilized material by particle size into three fractions, one of which has a particle ~Z~5~
,, size of less than 3mm2, the second a particle size of bet-ween 3 and 6 mm2, and the third a particle size of over 6mm2. The fractionating unit 23 may have oscillating or vi-brating working surfaces. It is preferable to use a light-weight version having a vibrating working surface. Amplitu-de and vibration rate should be variable to permit intensi-ty and residence time of the treatment to be regulated.
The three size fractions delivered ky the fractionating unit 23, each composed of organic ~mainly light) and inor-ganic (mainly heavy) particles, pass by separate paths tothe final fractionating stage. Final fractionating is per-formed by the air separators 24, 25 and 26, which serve to separate the mixed materials such as minerals, nonferrous metals, hard plastics, etc., from t~e organic substances.
Such air separators are commercially available in various versions and are also used in the food, cattle feed and wood industries.
The fine fraction delivered by the fractionating unit 23 is forwarded pneumatically for final fractionating to the air separator 24, where the material is fed at a certain point into an opposed air flow. The rate of the air flow is such ~hat the mainly organic light particles are entrai-ned by the air flow, while the mainly inorganic specifi-~2~556 . - 13 ~
cally heavy particles drop down against the air flow.
~he light particles thus entrained pass to a cyclone 27 which is arranged directly as a silo feed unit on the raw material silo 28.
The specifically heavy particles dropping down against the air flow are passed to the granulate silo 29.
The intermediate ~raction delivered by the fractionating unit 23 passes for final fractionating to the air separa-tor 25. The light particles separated there may be passed to either of the separators 27 and 30 of the silos 28 and 31. The mainly inorganic heavy granulates separated by the air separator 25 pass to the granulate silo 29 mentioned.
The coarse fraction leaving the fractionating unit 23 passes for final fractionating to the air separator 26, which works in the same manner as the two other air sepa-rators 24 and 25. ~he light particles separated by the air separator 26 are l.ikewise delivered to either of the raw material silos 28 and 31~ The mainly inorganic heavy gra-nulate separated by the air separator 26 passes, mixed wit~ the granulate from the air separators 24 and 25, into ~he granulate silo 29.
~Z~g5~6 The dust-loaded waste air from the air separators 24, ~5 and 26 and from the separators 27 and 30 passes to a fil-ter unit 32. The dust separated in ~he latter, consisting chiefly of organic fines, can be passed to the dust silo 33 or to the silos 28 and/or 31, as preferred.
The storage of the final products, viz. three flat fibre ractions and one dust fraction, in separate silos faci-litates and extends the possibilities of re-use.
of cours~, the mainly inorganic heavy granulates from the air separators 24, 25 and 26 may instead be stored as sepa-rate lots.
The fibrous material thus obtained may, for example, be processed further for the production of board or other building materials or converted into heating fuel in the form of bricks or pellets9 The granular material obtained can also be used as fertilizer and soil improver and as aggregate for asbestos, cement and brick products and for artificial s.one, bituminous pavings and concrete.
As may be seen from the embodiment described, the entire waste delivered, including the magnetically removed metal, is recycled in this process. The quota of non-combustible ~2~SS~;
substances in the specifically light fibrous fraction in this process is equally high or lower than in the comparab-le wood chip fractions which are still normally used in pressed board production.
According to the present invention, the heating 34 of the drying unit 18 is operated with fibrous material taken as fuel from the raw material silos 28 and/or 31 through the transportation duct 35, and for simplicity it is prefe-rable to use the fibrous material for this purpose in the loose condition as produced.
This arrangement complete]y obviates the necessity of using fuel oil for the operation of the drying unit 18, and this results in considerable savings in the operation of the plant as compared with former practice.
The material thus opened by the opening unit 3 and reduced to a size corresponding to a screen mesh of 20 ~ 30 cm drops on to a conveyor unit consisting of a vibrating chu-te 4.
To ensure trouble-free operation in the succedding stages, it is important to remove completely any iron parts pre-lS sent in the waste. For this purpose, the conveyor unit 4forwards the material in the form of an evenly aligned and relatively thin flow layer past a magnetic band 5 arranged above the conveyor unit 4 and delivers it at its end on to a rotating drum magnet 6 arranged below the conveyor unit.
As the waste quantities leaving the opening unit vary, the conveyor unit 4 is provided at a point before the magnetic band 5 with an equalizing unit, not shown.
D5~
The magnetic band 5 serves to remove the iron parts pre-sent in the upper por~ion of the flow layer. The rotating drum magnet 6 serves to remove the iron part~ present in the lower portion of the flow layer.
The magnetic units 5 and 6 are connected by a conveyor unit 7 to a bunker 8. From the bunker 8, the metal removed passes into a press 9 which presses the metal parts into commercially acceptable packet~s which may be passed on to a scrap metal foundry.
The material thus cleared of iron parts passes to a frac-tionating unit lO. The latter comprises a joggling screen 11 of about 6mm mesh to obtain a fine fraction. It further comprises a suction unit clearing the top of the joggling screen ll to obtain a mechanically easily reducible coar.se lS fraction, and is provided at the lower end of the inclined joggling screen ll with a chute 13 to receive such mate-rial still present on the joggling screen ll as cannot, be-cause of its si~e and/or weight, pass through the screen or be sucked away therefrom, for the purpose of obtaining 2~ a low-reducibility fraction.
This separation into three fractions has the advantage that the succeding reducing llnits 14 and 15 are relieved ~2~35~6 of the fine parts which do not exceed the required final size. The quota of such ines i8 normally about 15 weight-%, which means that in the succeeding reducing sta-ges about 15~ of energ~ is saved. The fines thus removed are passed through a duct 16 bypassing the two reducing units 14 and 15 and are then admixed to ~he waste reduced in the latter two unitsO
The separation into the two coarse fractions has the ad-vantage ~hat the two very different waste components are separated and can therefore be reduced to the required fi-nal size by reducing units best suited to each, and can in addition be given ~he required material ~tructure, so that in the last stage of the process, in which the material is sorted first by size and then into mainly specifically light fibrous ana mainly specifically heavy granular frac-tions, a very high separation accuracy and purity is achie-ved for the individual fractions.
The suction unit 12 may be a commercially available unit such as is used in the chipboard and cattle feed indu-stries. The light material which the suction unit 12 sucksfrom the waste flow through the suction ducts 12a, 12b and 12c consists chiefly of paper, cardboard, foil, textiles and wood chips, that is, organic materials, and is passed ss~
for final struc$uring and reduction to a reducing unit of the fine chopper type. Such reducing units are commercial-ly available under such designations as fine choppers, cut-ters or fine mills. It has been found expedient to use ro-tor type reducing units in which knife rotors work againstknife stators, or knife rotors against knife rotors, and which present a barrier-type selector to obtain the requi-red final material size.
The coarse fraction, which has been cleared of fines and of specifically light components by the joggling screen 11 and the suction unit 1~ and which is of low reducibility and in practice consists largely of inorganic matter, now undergoes a reducing process in the separate reducing unit 14. This unit serves to reduce the different waste compo-nents to t~e required final size of 6mm screen mesh suitab-le for complete recycling. Such reducing units 14 are com-mercially available by the designations of hammer, impact or beating mills, and can be used if provided with a bar-rier-type selector set to the smallest screen mesh.
The fractions from the reducing units 14 and 15 and from the bypase duct pass jointly into a bin 17. The material stored in the latter then passes to a drying and steri-lizing unit 18. This unit serves to dry the material to a il2~95~;6 specific constant residual moisture and to destroy nocuous substances present in the material, such as pathogenic bacteria. For the purpose, temperatures of over 100C are attainable in the drying unit 18~ and the residence time of the material in the unit is also controllable. the supp-ly of hot dry air from the heating 34 and through the re-circulation duct 19, and the discharge of the moisture-loaded air~ proceed continuously and are also controllab-le, for the purpose of controlling to a target value the residual moisture of the material leaving the drying un1t 18.
After the drying unit 18, ~he material thus treated is se-parated by a separating unit 20 into a light and a heavy fraction, and the light fraction then passes to a waste air separator 21 of cyclone type for the discharge of the damp waste air from the drying process. By this arrange-ment it is possible considerably to reduce the wear in the waste air separator 21 and at the same time considerably increase the dependability thereof. The material leaving the separator 21 is then re-united with the previously se-parated light fraction, and passes through an ozone treat-ment unit 22 to a fractionating unit 23. The latter serves to separate the dried and sterilized material by particle size into three fractions, one of which has a particle ~Z~5~
,, size of less than 3mm2, the second a particle size of bet-ween 3 and 6 mm2, and the third a particle size of over 6mm2. The fractionating unit 23 may have oscillating or vi-brating working surfaces. It is preferable to use a light-weight version having a vibrating working surface. Amplitu-de and vibration rate should be variable to permit intensi-ty and residence time of the treatment to be regulated.
The three size fractions delivered ky the fractionating unit 23, each composed of organic ~mainly light) and inor-ganic (mainly heavy) particles, pass by separate paths tothe final fractionating stage. Final fractionating is per-formed by the air separators 24, 25 and 26, which serve to separate the mixed materials such as minerals, nonferrous metals, hard plastics, etc., from t~e organic substances.
Such air separators are commercially available in various versions and are also used in the food, cattle feed and wood industries.
The fine fraction delivered by the fractionating unit 23 is forwarded pneumatically for final fractionating to the air separator 24, where the material is fed at a certain point into an opposed air flow. The rate of the air flow is such ~hat the mainly organic light particles are entrai-ned by the air flow, while the mainly inorganic specifi-~2~556 . - 13 ~
cally heavy particles drop down against the air flow.
~he light particles thus entrained pass to a cyclone 27 which is arranged directly as a silo feed unit on the raw material silo 28.
The specifically heavy particles dropping down against the air flow are passed to the granulate silo 29.
The intermediate ~raction delivered by the fractionating unit 23 passes for final fractionating to the air separa-tor 25. The light particles separated there may be passed to either of the separators 27 and 30 of the silos 28 and 31. The mainly inorganic heavy granulates separated by the air separator 25 pass to the granulate silo 29 mentioned.
The coarse fraction leaving the fractionating unit 23 passes for final fractionating to the air separator 26, which works in the same manner as the two other air sepa-rators 24 and 25. ~he light particles separated by the air separator 26 are l.ikewise delivered to either of the raw material silos 28 and 31~ The mainly inorganic heavy gra-nulate separated by the air separator 26 passes, mixed wit~ the granulate from the air separators 24 and 25, into ~he granulate silo 29.
~Z~g5~6 The dust-loaded waste air from the air separators 24, ~5 and 26 and from the separators 27 and 30 passes to a fil-ter unit 32. The dust separated in ~he latter, consisting chiefly of organic fines, can be passed to the dust silo 33 or to the silos 28 and/or 31, as preferred.
The storage of the final products, viz. three flat fibre ractions and one dust fraction, in separate silos faci-litates and extends the possibilities of re-use.
of cours~, the mainly inorganic heavy granulates from the air separators 24, 25 and 26 may instead be stored as sepa-rate lots.
The fibrous material thus obtained may, for example, be processed further for the production of board or other building materials or converted into heating fuel in the form of bricks or pellets9 The granular material obtained can also be used as fertilizer and soil improver and as aggregate for asbestos, cement and brick products and for artificial s.one, bituminous pavings and concrete.
As may be seen from the embodiment described, the entire waste delivered, including the magnetically removed metal, is recycled in this process. The quota of non-combustible ~2~SS~;
substances in the specifically light fibrous fraction in this process is equally high or lower than in the comparab-le wood chip fractions which are still normally used in pressed board production.
According to the present invention, the heating 34 of the drying unit 18 is operated with fibrous material taken as fuel from the raw material silos 28 and/or 31 through the transportation duct 35, and for simplicity it is prefe-rable to use the fibrous material for this purpose in the loose condition as produced.
This arrangement complete]y obviates the necessity of using fuel oil for the operation of the drying unit 18, and this results in considerable savings in the operation of the plant as compared with former practice.
Claims (4)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. Process for the operation of a system for the produc-tion of a fibrous and a granular material from house-hold, agricultural, forestry waste, organic waste of the manufacturing and/or service industries, compri-sing an opening unit to open the material to be processed, a fractionating unit to obtain the fraction easy to reduce mechanically and the fraction difficult to reduce mechanically; a first reducing unit to reduce the fraction difficult to reduce, a second reducing unit to reduce the fraction easy to reduce, a drying unit to dry the dif-ferent fractions, and a further fractionating unit for the joint re-fractionating of the re-united, dried fractions by particle size, characterized in that at least the drying unit is heated by means of the fibrous material produced.
2. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the fibrous material is carbonized for the heating of the drying unit.
3. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the fibrous material is used in loose condition for the heating of the drying unit .
4. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the fibrous material is used in pressed condition, as in the form of bricks or pellets, for the heating of the drying unit .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000402762A CA1209556A (en) | 1981-12-07 | 1982-05-11 | Process for the operation of a system for the production of a fibrous and a granular material |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH7795/81 | 1981-12-07 | ||
| CH7795/81A CH652946A5 (en) | 1981-12-07 | 1981-12-07 | METHOD FOR OPERATING A PLANT FOR PRODUCING A FIBER AND A GRANULAR MATERIAL. |
| CA000392898A CA1205062A (en) | 1980-12-24 | 1981-12-22 | Process for the production of a fibrous and a granular material, system for the performance of such process: and use of the fibrous and the granular material |
| CA000402762A CA1209556A (en) | 1981-12-07 | 1982-05-11 | Process for the operation of a system for the production of a fibrous and a granular material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1209556A true CA1209556A (en) | 1986-08-12 |
Family
ID=25669514
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000402762A Expired CA1209556A (en) | 1981-12-07 | 1982-05-11 | Process for the operation of a system for the production of a fibrous and a granular material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1209556A (en) |
-
1982
- 1982-05-11 CA CA000402762A patent/CA1209556A/en not_active Expired
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