CA1208877A - Roll caster with isothermal shell cooling - Google Patents
Roll caster with isothermal shell coolingInfo
- Publication number
- CA1208877A CA1208877A CA000426798A CA426798A CA1208877A CA 1208877 A CA1208877 A CA 1208877A CA 000426798 A CA000426798 A CA 000426798A CA 426798 A CA426798 A CA 426798A CA 1208877 A CA1208877 A CA 1208877A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- roll
- radial
- drain
- axial
- feed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 210000003739 neck Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000937413 Axia Species 0.000 description 1
- NYQDCVLCJXRDSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromofos Chemical compound COP(=S)(OC)OC1=CC(Cl)=C(Br)C=C1Cl NYQDCVLCJXRDSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
- B22D11/068—Accessories therefor for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces
- B22D11/0682—Accessories therefor for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces by cooling the casting wheel
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Reduction Rolling/Reduction Stand/Operation Of Reduction Machine (AREA)
- Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract A roll caster for continuous casting of metals in strip form wherein each of the casting rolls has a roll and a shell over each roll. Each roll has at least one axial feed bore for supply-ing coolant into the roll and at least one axial drain bore for draining the coolant from the roll. A plurality of parallel annular grooves surround the roll for flowing coolant between the roll and the shell. A plurality of radial feed passageways and radial drain passageways connect each axial feed bore and each axial drain bore, respectively, to annular grooves with each of said radial feed passageways and each of said radial drain pas-sageways servicing at least one annular groove and with the radial feed passageway connected to an annular groove on the generally opposite side of the roll from the radial drain passageway for the same groove; and with each radial feed passaqeway extending radially outwardly from an axial feed bore in a direction generally opposite from each immediately adjacent radial feed passageway and with each radial drain passageway extending radially outwardly from an axial drain bore in a direction generally opposite from each immadiately adjacent radial drain passageway to provide substantially isothermal cooling of the casting roll's shell.
Description
~21~ 7 The present invention relates to an apparatus for the continuous casting of metals in strip form and, more particularly, to a new and improved roll caster providing substantially isothermal cooling of -the castin~ roll's shell.
The use of internally chilled rollers in the continuous casting of molten metal in strip form is well known. U.S. Patent
The use of internally chilled rollers in the continuous casting of molten metal in strip form is well known. U.S. Patent
2,850,776 to Hunter discloses a roller for continuous casting machines having a plurality of helical coolant channels. Each coolant channel's helical, single convolution construction allows 10 the coolant flowing in each channel only one revolution. The patent states that this arrangement permits the equal exposure of the coolant in all the channels to the shell of the roller and the uniform extraction of heat from the roller's shell. However, the Hunter patent states that a slight temperature gradient is present from one end of the roller to the other during the casting process as well as states that this temperature gradient has no noticeable effect on roller operation.
West 5erman Auslegeschrift ~.~o. 1,508,927, published December 6, 1973, discloses an internally cooled roller having a 20 core and a sleeve. Helical coolant channels run between the core and the sleeve having inlets alterna-tely on one or the other front face of the roller. The infeed and the run-off channels enter and discharge on the same facial side of -the core of the roller.
U.S. Patents 3,712,366 and 3,845,810 to Gerding both describe a rotatable drum which i5 liquid cooled internally having a spider carrying rollers in radial slots which roll on the drum's inner surface by centrifugal force. The spider rotates at an appropriate speed such that the cooling liquid is -thrown against the drum's inner surface by centrifugal force. These patents also 30 state that the action of the rollers on the drum's inner surface breaks up incipient film boiling.
U.S. ?atent 4,074,750 to ~eghin discloses an in-ternally cooled roll having two coaxial trunnions and a cylindrical body.
The internally cooled roll could have a plurality of cylindrical longitudinal conduits evenly spaced about the axis of the cylindrical body in an annular arrangement with a tubular conduit located in each longitudinal concluit, or could have a singular annular longitudinal conduit having either tubular conduits evenly spaced within -the singular annular longitudinal conduit or a single tube coaxially located within the singular annular longi-tudinal conduit, or could have a cylindrical longitudinal conduit 10 with a tubular conduit coaxially located within the cylindrical longitudinal conduit. Cooling fluid is circulated through the conduits and the means for supplying -the cooling fluid to one of the conduits and removing the cooling fluid from the other conduit include a fluid collector element in a passage in one of the trunnions.
U.S. Patent 3,757,847 to Sofinsky et al. describes a roll mould with a cooling system. Each roller has a shaft within a sleeve, a central bore, circular passage~ays and radial passage-ways. A header is provided in the central bore to divide the radial passageways into separate sections; one part for supplying cooling fluid and the other part for draining cooling fluid. The patent states that uniform heat removal from the hot metal over the length and height of the crystallization zone is achieved since coolant of the same temperature and in a constant amount is supplied to the cooling system.
U.S. Patent 2,79Q,216 to Hunter discloses a cooling system in rollers for the continuous casting of metal. ~ach roller has a core and a shell over the core. The core's surface has longitudinal channels whose ends are in communication with annular grooves and radiating passages intersect the annular grooves. The roller has a central bore, which is counterbored.
Through the counterbore there is extended a condui-t forrning an azO~B77 inner passageway communicating with the central bore. Coolant flows through the counterbore and then proceeds in an outwardly direction -through one set of radiating passages to the longi-tudinal channels. The coolant flow continues -through the longitudinal channels returning through another set of radiating passages to the central bore, the conduit extending -through the eounterbore and a return pipe.
British Patent Specification 897,412 discloses a cooling system for casting rolls. Each casting roll has a core and over the core is a sleeve. T~ithin the core are two longitudinal inlet c'nannels and two longitudinal outlet channels. The longitudinal inlet and longitudinal outlet channels communicate with the core's periphery by means of small channels. These small channels open into annular grooves at the core's periphery. Coolant enters through the longitudinal inlet channels and flows upwardly to the annular grooves through the connecting smaller channels. The coolant then flows through the annular grooves and exits the annular grooves through those smaller channels whieh eonnect to the longitudinal outlet channels.
British Patent Specification 1,319,185 deseribes an internally eooled roller. Eaeh casting roller is hollow and is mounted on two hollow shafts. The first hollow shaft serves as an inlet for the eoolant and the seeond hollow shaft serves -to discharge the eoolant. The first hollow shaft communieates with a plurality of pipes radially disposed in the roller. Eaeh radially disposed pipe communieates with a horizontal pipe appropriately spaeed within the roller. The horizontal pipes have nozzles to spray the eoolant at the roller's inner surfaee. The eoolant is discharged frorn the casting roller by the seeond hollow shaft.
The seeond hollow shaft extends eentrally within t'ne easting roller and has perforations through which the coolant can be diseharged.
7~
The objective of the present invention is to provide a new and improved roll caster for use in an apparatus for the continuous casting of metal in strip form whereby substantially isothermal cooling is provided to the casting roll's shell.
Two important objectives for a cooling system for casting rolls are: first, to reduce the thermal axial camber on the casting rolls resulting from the molten netal contacting the casting rolls; and second, to provide substantially uniform heat removal from the molten metal as it contacts the casting rolls to promote the production of high quality metal in strip form.
Thermal axial camber may cause variations in the casting gap, that is the gap between a pair of parallel casting rolls in a roll caster, which may result in unacceptable gauge variations in the cooled and solidified metal. In the present invention, sub-stantially isothermal cooling is provided to the casting roll's shell so the casting roll's shell surface temperature will be substantially constant and little or no thermal axial camber will be present in either the roll necks or the shell of the casting roll. Thus, thermal axial camber on the casting roll is greatly reduced, the casting gap remains substantially constant, and substantially uniform heat removal from the molten metal con-tacting the casting roll's shell is provided. Prior art cooling rolls have not as efficiently or effectively met these objectives since either temperature variations are present around the casting roll's shell caused by the coolant temperature's rise as the coolant circulates through the cooling system or thermal axial camber develops in the casting roll 15 necks or shell caused by one-half of the casting roll running at a warmer temperature than the other one-half of the casting roll as the coolant circulates through the cooling system. In some cases, both temperature variations around the casting roll's shell and thermal axial camber are present during opera-tion of the cooling system. An important advantage of the isothermal shell cooling method of the present invention is that the rate of coolant flow and the degree of temperature rise of the coolant as it circulates through the cooling system are not considered to be critical.
A roll caster of the present invention can be generally described as comprising a pair o:E parallel casting rolls spaced slightly apart to receive and carry the molten metal therebetween as the molten metal cools and solidifies. Each casting roll has a roll and a shell around the roll. ~ach casting roll has at least one axial feed bore for supplying cooling fluid into the roll and at least one axial drain bore for draining cooling fluid from the roll. A plurality of parallel annular grooves are provided around the roll for flow of cooling fluid between the roll and the shell.
.~ plurality of radial feed passageways connect each axial feed bore to the annular grooves and a plurality of radial drain passageways connect each axial drain bore to the annular grooves.
Radial is defined as radiating from the axial feed bore or axial drain bore, respectively, to the annular grooves. Each of said radial feed and drain passageways serves at least one annular groove; and the radial feed passageway connects to the groove on the generally opposite side of the roll from the radial drain passageway for the same annular groove; and each radial feed passageway extends radially outwardly from an axial feed bore in a direction generally opposite from each i.mmediately adjacent radial feed passageway and each radial drain passageway extends radially outwardly from an axial drain bore in a direction generally opposite from each immediately adjacent radial drain passageway.
The cooling system of the presen-t invention thus provides sub-stantially isothermal cooling of the casting roll's shell.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each radial feed passageway and each radial drain passageway services two adjacent annular grooves and each casting roll has two axial ~Z1~ 877 feed bores and two axial drain bores which alternate in servicing the radial feed passageways and the radial drain passageways along the length of the roll.
To assist in understanding the present invention, the attached drawings described below are illustrative of the pre-ferred embodi~ent.
Figure 1 is an elevational view of a single casting roll of a roll caster constructed in accordance with the principles of the invention having a portion of the sleeve removed.
Figure 2 is a cross-section taken along line 2-2 of Fig.
1.
Figure 3 is a cross-section taken along line 3-3 of Fig.
1.
Figure 4 is a fragmentary top view of a portion of the left portion of Fig. 1 where the sleeve has been broken away to expose the roll of the roll caster of Fig. 1. Figure 4 is shown proportionately larger than Figs. 1, 2 and 3 for ease of viewing.
Figures 5 and 6 are schematics showing the flow of cooling fluid to, through and from adjacent pairs of adjacent annular grooves.
Fig. 1 shows a single casting roll 10 of a roll cas-ter of the present invention in an elevational view. Preferably, at least one pair of casting rolls would be used in the practice of the present invention. The casting roll is comprised oE a roll 12 having a sleeve 14 over the roll 12. The roll 12 has roll neck portion 16 disposed at each end the~eof. A portion of the sleeve 14 has been removed in Fig. 1 to show a portion of roll 12. A
plurality of parallel annular grooves 18 are provided in the outer surface of roll 12. Preferably, the parallel annular grooves 18 are evenly spaced along the length of roll 12; and, preferably, each of the grooves 18 has substantially the same dimensions.
Figs. 2 and 3 are cross-sections ta]cen along lines 2-2 ~ZG~ 77 and 3-3 respectively, of Fig. 1. The cross-sectlons show roll 12 with axial feed bores 20a and 20b and axial drain bores 22a and 22b preferably generally disposed about and evenly spaced around the central area of roll 12. The preferred embodiment of a casting roll of the present invention shown in the drawings has two axial feed bores 20a and 20b and two axial drain bores 22a and 22b. ~Iowever, a casting roll may have one or more axial feed bores and one or more axial drain bores in other embodiments of the present invention, if appropriate. Also, it is preferred that the number of axial feed bores equal the number of axial drain bores in a casting roll of the present invention; and it is preferred that each of both the axial feed bores and the axial drain bores has substantially similar dimensions for length and for diameter.
Radial feed passageways 24a and 24b and radial drain passageways 26a and 26b are shown in Figs. 2 and 3. It is pre-ferred that each of both the radial feed passageways and the radial drain passageways has substantially similar dimensions for length and for diameter. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, each radial feed passageway connects two adjacent annular grooves to an axial feed bore; and each radial drain passageway connects two adjacent annular grooves to an axial drain bore. Radial feed ~assageway 24a and radial drain passageway 26a shown in Fig. 2 service adjacent annular grooves 18a and 18b shown in Fig. l; and radial feed passageway 24b and radial drain pas-sageway 26b shown in Fig. 3 service adjacent annular grooves 18c and 18d o~ Fig. 1. While in the preferred embodiment of the invention each radial feed passageway and each radial drain passageway service two adjacent annular grooves, each of said radial feed and radial drain passageways could service only one annular groove or could service three or more adjacent annular grooves in other embodiments of the inYen-tiOn, if appropriate.
~81~7~
As illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3, the axlal feed bores 20a and 20b alternate in servicing the radial feed passageways;
and the axial drain bores 22a and 22b alternate in servicing the radial drain passageways. In this preferred embodiment of the present invention, the alternating pattern for the axial feed bores and the axial drain bores to service the radial feed pas-sageways and the radial drain passageways, respectively, would continue along the length of roll 12. In another embodiment of the invention, not shown in the drawings, if, for example, only a 10 single axial feed bore and only a single axial drain bore are utilized to service the radial feed passageways and -the radial drain passageways, respectively, an alternating pattern for servicing the radial feed passageways and the radial drain pas-sageways clearly would not be present. However, in other embodi-ments of the invention, if more than two axial feed bores are utilized to service the radial feed passageways, preferably the axia] feed bores would alternate in servicing the radial feed passageways along the length of the roll, or if more than two axial drain bores are utilized to service the radial drain pas-sageways, preferably the axial drain bores would alternate inservicing the xadial drain passageways along the length of the roll.
In Fig. 2, the bottom surface of annular groove 18b is indicated by dotted line 28; and annular groove 18b is not visible in this cross~section except in the general areas of the inter-sections of radial feed passageway 2~a and radial drain passageway 26a with annular groove 18b. Likewise, in Fig. 3 -the bottom surface of annular groove 18d is indicated by dot-ted line 30; and annular groove 18d is not visible in this cross-section except in the general areas of the intersections of radial feed passageway 2~b and radial drain passageway 26b with annular groove 18d. I'he arrows in Figs 2 and 3 indicate the direc-tion of flow oE the ~3 A
cooling fluid.
Fig. 4 is a fragmentary top view of a portion of roll 12 of Fig. 1 showing radial feed passageway 24a servicing adjacent annular grooves 18a and 18b and radial drain passageway 26b servicing adjacent annular grooves 18c and 18d. The arrows in Fig. 4 indicate the direction of flow of the cooling fluid.
Considering Figs. 2, 3 and 4, it can be seen that the radial feed passageway connects to two adjacent annular grooves on the generally opposite side of roll 12 from the radial drain passageway for the sa~e two adjacent annular grooves. In other embodiments of the invention, regardless of whether a radial feed passageway and a radial drain passageway service a singular annular groove or two or more adjacent annular grooves, the radial feed passageway connects to the annular groove or adjacent annular grooves on the generally opposite side of the roll from the radial drain passageway for the same annular groove or adjacent annular grooves.
Also, as can be seen from Figs. 2 and 3, radial feed passageway 24a is generally disposed on the opposite side of roll 12 from adjacent radial feed passageway 24b; and radial drain passageway 26a is generally disposed on the opposite side of roll 12 from adjacent radial drain passageway 26b. Along -the entire length of the roll, each radial feed passageway extends radially outwardly from an axial feed bore in a direction generally oppo-site from each immediately adjacent radial feed passageway and each radial drain passageway extends radially outwardly from an axial drain bore in a direction generally opposite from each immediately adjacent radial drain passageway in the preferred embodiment or in any other embodiment of the present invention to provide the desired isothermal cooling.
Figs. 5 and 6 schematically show preferred flow patterns for cooling flllid through adjacent annular grooves 18a and 18b and 7'~
through adjacent annular grooves 18c and 18d. Fig. 5 shows the flow of cooling fluid fro~ axial feed bore 20a through radial feed passageway 24a, adjacent annular grooves 18a and 18b and radial drain passageway 26a into axial drain bore 22a. Fig. 6 shows the flow of cooling fluid from axial feed bore 20b through radial feed passageway 24b, adjacent annular grooves 18c and 18d, and radial drain passageway 26b into axial drain bore 22b. The arrows indicate the direction of flow of the cooling fluid.
From Figs. 5 and 6 it can be seen that the flow of cooling fluid through annular grooves 18a and 18b is opposite to the flow of cooling fluid through annular grooves 18c and 18d.
The flow of cooling fluid through annular grooves 18a, b, c and d shows the alternating, opposing flow pattern for the cooling fluid present in a casting roll of the present invention. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow pattern commences in these two adjacent pairs of adjacent annular grooves and continues throughout the entire length of the roll.
Therefore, in the preferred embodiment of a casting roll of the present invention, the flow of cooling fluid through each pair of adjacent annular grooves serviced by the same radial feed pas-sa~eway and by the same radial drain passageway would be opposite to the flow of the cooling fluid through an adjacent pair of adjacent annular grooves serviced by an adjacent radial feed passageway and by an adjacent radial drain passageway. This alternating, opposing flow pattern is achieved by alternating the placement of the radial feed passageways from generally one side of the roll to the other along the length of the roll such that each radial feed passageway extends radially outwardly from an axial feed bore in a direction generally opposite from each immediately adjacent radial feed passageway and by alternating the placement of the radial drain passageways generally from one side of the roll to tne o-ther along the length of the roll such that la ~2~ 877 each radial drain passageway extends radially outwardly from an axial drain bore in a direction generally opposite from each immediately adjacent radial drain passageway, as T~ell as by having the radial feed passageway servicing two adjacent annular grooves connect on the generally opposite side of the roll from the radial drain passage~ay servicing the same annular grooves.
T~ith regard to other embodiments of the invention, since a single radial feed passageway and a single radial drain pas-sageway could possibly service a single annular groove or two or more adjacent annular grooves, it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that in a casting roll constructed in accordance with the principles of this inven-tion, an alternating, opposing flow pattern for the cooling fluid would be present in the annular grooves along the entire length of the roll in o-ther embodiments of the invention. Since, in other embodiments of the present invention, the flow of cooling fluid through the annular groove or grooves, as the case may be, serviced by the same radial feed passageway and by the same radial drain passageway would be opposite to the flow of cooling fluid through the adjacent annular groove or grooves, as the case may be, serviced by an adjacent radial feed passageway and by an adjacent radial drain passageway.
This alternating, opposing flow pattern promotes the isothermal cooling of the casting roll's shell by providing a means for substantially uniform heat removal from the shell of the casting roll. The alternating placement of the radial feed passageways ancl the radial drain passageways along the length of the roll, as ~reviously described, allows relatively cool coolant entering the annular grooves or groove, as the case may be, to then circulate next to and opposite to relatively warmer coolant 30 circulating through the adjacent annular grooves or groove, as the case may be, to substantially uniformly balance along the casting roll's shell the heat being transferred from the mol-ten metal. By 7~
balancing the heat transfer in this manner, the temperature of the casting roll's shell will be substantially uniform both around the shell's circumference and across the roll's width.
The balancing of the heat transferred through the casting roll is also enhanced by the placement in -the casting roll in accordance with the invention of the radial feed passageways carrying the relatively cool entering coolant and the radial drain passageways carrying the warmer exiting coolant. By having a radial feed passageway carrying the cool entering coolant servic-ing the annular groove or grooves, as the case may be, on thegenerally opposite side of the roll from a radial drain passageway carrying the warmer exiting coolant from the same annular groove or grooves and by having the radial feed passageways alternate with the radial drain passageways along both sides of the roll along the length of the roll, it can be seen that the cooler entering coolant flowing in the radial feed passageways sub-stantially balances throughout the casting roll the heat flow from the warmer exiting coolant flowing in the radial drain passageways to promote substantially uniform heat distribution throughout -the casting roll.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the balancing of the heat transferred through the casting roll is further enhanced by the use of two axial feed bores and two axial drain bores which alternate in servicing the radial feed passage-ways and the radial drain passageways, respectively, along the length of the roll. By arranging the two axial feed bores and the two axial drain bores in the casting roll as shown in Figs. 2 and
West 5erman Auslegeschrift ~.~o. 1,508,927, published December 6, 1973, discloses an internally cooled roller having a 20 core and a sleeve. Helical coolant channels run between the core and the sleeve having inlets alterna-tely on one or the other front face of the roller. The infeed and the run-off channels enter and discharge on the same facial side of -the core of the roller.
U.S. Patents 3,712,366 and 3,845,810 to Gerding both describe a rotatable drum which i5 liquid cooled internally having a spider carrying rollers in radial slots which roll on the drum's inner surface by centrifugal force. The spider rotates at an appropriate speed such that the cooling liquid is -thrown against the drum's inner surface by centrifugal force. These patents also 30 state that the action of the rollers on the drum's inner surface breaks up incipient film boiling.
U.S. ?atent 4,074,750 to ~eghin discloses an in-ternally cooled roll having two coaxial trunnions and a cylindrical body.
The internally cooled roll could have a plurality of cylindrical longitudinal conduits evenly spaced about the axis of the cylindrical body in an annular arrangement with a tubular conduit located in each longitudinal concluit, or could have a singular annular longitudinal conduit having either tubular conduits evenly spaced within -the singular annular longitudinal conduit or a single tube coaxially located within the singular annular longi-tudinal conduit, or could have a cylindrical longitudinal conduit 10 with a tubular conduit coaxially located within the cylindrical longitudinal conduit. Cooling fluid is circulated through the conduits and the means for supplying -the cooling fluid to one of the conduits and removing the cooling fluid from the other conduit include a fluid collector element in a passage in one of the trunnions.
U.S. Patent 3,757,847 to Sofinsky et al. describes a roll mould with a cooling system. Each roller has a shaft within a sleeve, a central bore, circular passage~ays and radial passage-ways. A header is provided in the central bore to divide the radial passageways into separate sections; one part for supplying cooling fluid and the other part for draining cooling fluid. The patent states that uniform heat removal from the hot metal over the length and height of the crystallization zone is achieved since coolant of the same temperature and in a constant amount is supplied to the cooling system.
U.S. Patent 2,79Q,216 to Hunter discloses a cooling system in rollers for the continuous casting of metal. ~ach roller has a core and a shell over the core. The core's surface has longitudinal channels whose ends are in communication with annular grooves and radiating passages intersect the annular grooves. The roller has a central bore, which is counterbored.
Through the counterbore there is extended a condui-t forrning an azO~B77 inner passageway communicating with the central bore. Coolant flows through the counterbore and then proceeds in an outwardly direction -through one set of radiating passages to the longi-tudinal channels. The coolant flow continues -through the longitudinal channels returning through another set of radiating passages to the central bore, the conduit extending -through the eounterbore and a return pipe.
British Patent Specification 897,412 discloses a cooling system for casting rolls. Each casting roll has a core and over the core is a sleeve. T~ithin the core are two longitudinal inlet c'nannels and two longitudinal outlet channels. The longitudinal inlet and longitudinal outlet channels communicate with the core's periphery by means of small channels. These small channels open into annular grooves at the core's periphery. Coolant enters through the longitudinal inlet channels and flows upwardly to the annular grooves through the connecting smaller channels. The coolant then flows through the annular grooves and exits the annular grooves through those smaller channels whieh eonnect to the longitudinal outlet channels.
British Patent Specification 1,319,185 deseribes an internally eooled roller. Eaeh casting roller is hollow and is mounted on two hollow shafts. The first hollow shaft serves as an inlet for the eoolant and the seeond hollow shaft serves -to discharge the eoolant. The first hollow shaft communieates with a plurality of pipes radially disposed in the roller. Eaeh radially disposed pipe communieates with a horizontal pipe appropriately spaeed within the roller. The horizontal pipes have nozzles to spray the eoolant at the roller's inner surfaee. The eoolant is discharged frorn the casting roller by the seeond hollow shaft.
The seeond hollow shaft extends eentrally within t'ne easting roller and has perforations through which the coolant can be diseharged.
7~
The objective of the present invention is to provide a new and improved roll caster for use in an apparatus for the continuous casting of metal in strip form whereby substantially isothermal cooling is provided to the casting roll's shell.
Two important objectives for a cooling system for casting rolls are: first, to reduce the thermal axial camber on the casting rolls resulting from the molten netal contacting the casting rolls; and second, to provide substantially uniform heat removal from the molten metal as it contacts the casting rolls to promote the production of high quality metal in strip form.
Thermal axial camber may cause variations in the casting gap, that is the gap between a pair of parallel casting rolls in a roll caster, which may result in unacceptable gauge variations in the cooled and solidified metal. In the present invention, sub-stantially isothermal cooling is provided to the casting roll's shell so the casting roll's shell surface temperature will be substantially constant and little or no thermal axial camber will be present in either the roll necks or the shell of the casting roll. Thus, thermal axial camber on the casting roll is greatly reduced, the casting gap remains substantially constant, and substantially uniform heat removal from the molten metal con-tacting the casting roll's shell is provided. Prior art cooling rolls have not as efficiently or effectively met these objectives since either temperature variations are present around the casting roll's shell caused by the coolant temperature's rise as the coolant circulates through the cooling system or thermal axial camber develops in the casting roll 15 necks or shell caused by one-half of the casting roll running at a warmer temperature than the other one-half of the casting roll as the coolant circulates through the cooling system. In some cases, both temperature variations around the casting roll's shell and thermal axial camber are present during opera-tion of the cooling system. An important advantage of the isothermal shell cooling method of the present invention is that the rate of coolant flow and the degree of temperature rise of the coolant as it circulates through the cooling system are not considered to be critical.
A roll caster of the present invention can be generally described as comprising a pair o:E parallel casting rolls spaced slightly apart to receive and carry the molten metal therebetween as the molten metal cools and solidifies. Each casting roll has a roll and a shell around the roll. ~ach casting roll has at least one axial feed bore for supplying cooling fluid into the roll and at least one axial drain bore for draining cooling fluid from the roll. A plurality of parallel annular grooves are provided around the roll for flow of cooling fluid between the roll and the shell.
.~ plurality of radial feed passageways connect each axial feed bore to the annular grooves and a plurality of radial drain passageways connect each axial drain bore to the annular grooves.
Radial is defined as radiating from the axial feed bore or axial drain bore, respectively, to the annular grooves. Each of said radial feed and drain passageways serves at least one annular groove; and the radial feed passageway connects to the groove on the generally opposite side of the roll from the radial drain passageway for the same annular groove; and each radial feed passageway extends radially outwardly from an axial feed bore in a direction generally opposite from each i.mmediately adjacent radial feed passageway and each radial drain passageway extends radially outwardly from an axial drain bore in a direction generally opposite from each immediately adjacent radial drain passageway.
The cooling system of the presen-t invention thus provides sub-stantially isothermal cooling of the casting roll's shell.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each radial feed passageway and each radial drain passageway services two adjacent annular grooves and each casting roll has two axial ~Z1~ 877 feed bores and two axial drain bores which alternate in servicing the radial feed passageways and the radial drain passageways along the length of the roll.
To assist in understanding the present invention, the attached drawings described below are illustrative of the pre-ferred embodi~ent.
Figure 1 is an elevational view of a single casting roll of a roll caster constructed in accordance with the principles of the invention having a portion of the sleeve removed.
Figure 2 is a cross-section taken along line 2-2 of Fig.
1.
Figure 3 is a cross-section taken along line 3-3 of Fig.
1.
Figure 4 is a fragmentary top view of a portion of the left portion of Fig. 1 where the sleeve has been broken away to expose the roll of the roll caster of Fig. 1. Figure 4 is shown proportionately larger than Figs. 1, 2 and 3 for ease of viewing.
Figures 5 and 6 are schematics showing the flow of cooling fluid to, through and from adjacent pairs of adjacent annular grooves.
Fig. 1 shows a single casting roll 10 of a roll cas-ter of the present invention in an elevational view. Preferably, at least one pair of casting rolls would be used in the practice of the present invention. The casting roll is comprised oE a roll 12 having a sleeve 14 over the roll 12. The roll 12 has roll neck portion 16 disposed at each end the~eof. A portion of the sleeve 14 has been removed in Fig. 1 to show a portion of roll 12. A
plurality of parallel annular grooves 18 are provided in the outer surface of roll 12. Preferably, the parallel annular grooves 18 are evenly spaced along the length of roll 12; and, preferably, each of the grooves 18 has substantially the same dimensions.
Figs. 2 and 3 are cross-sections ta]cen along lines 2-2 ~ZG~ 77 and 3-3 respectively, of Fig. 1. The cross-sectlons show roll 12 with axial feed bores 20a and 20b and axial drain bores 22a and 22b preferably generally disposed about and evenly spaced around the central area of roll 12. The preferred embodiment of a casting roll of the present invention shown in the drawings has two axial feed bores 20a and 20b and two axial drain bores 22a and 22b. ~Iowever, a casting roll may have one or more axial feed bores and one or more axial drain bores in other embodiments of the present invention, if appropriate. Also, it is preferred that the number of axial feed bores equal the number of axial drain bores in a casting roll of the present invention; and it is preferred that each of both the axial feed bores and the axial drain bores has substantially similar dimensions for length and for diameter.
Radial feed passageways 24a and 24b and radial drain passageways 26a and 26b are shown in Figs. 2 and 3. It is pre-ferred that each of both the radial feed passageways and the radial drain passageways has substantially similar dimensions for length and for diameter. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, each radial feed passageway connects two adjacent annular grooves to an axial feed bore; and each radial drain passageway connects two adjacent annular grooves to an axial drain bore. Radial feed ~assageway 24a and radial drain passageway 26a shown in Fig. 2 service adjacent annular grooves 18a and 18b shown in Fig. l; and radial feed passageway 24b and radial drain pas-sageway 26b shown in Fig. 3 service adjacent annular grooves 18c and 18d o~ Fig. 1. While in the preferred embodiment of the invention each radial feed passageway and each radial drain passageway service two adjacent annular grooves, each of said radial feed and radial drain passageways could service only one annular groove or could service three or more adjacent annular grooves in other embodiments of the inYen-tiOn, if appropriate.
~81~7~
As illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3, the axlal feed bores 20a and 20b alternate in servicing the radial feed passageways;
and the axial drain bores 22a and 22b alternate in servicing the radial drain passageways. In this preferred embodiment of the present invention, the alternating pattern for the axial feed bores and the axial drain bores to service the radial feed pas-sageways and the radial drain passageways, respectively, would continue along the length of roll 12. In another embodiment of the invention, not shown in the drawings, if, for example, only a 10 single axial feed bore and only a single axial drain bore are utilized to service the radial feed passageways and -the radial drain passageways, respectively, an alternating pattern for servicing the radial feed passageways and the radial drain pas-sageways clearly would not be present. However, in other embodi-ments of the invention, if more than two axial feed bores are utilized to service the radial feed passageways, preferably the axia] feed bores would alternate in servicing the radial feed passageways along the length of the roll, or if more than two axial drain bores are utilized to service the radial drain pas-sageways, preferably the axial drain bores would alternate inservicing the xadial drain passageways along the length of the roll.
In Fig. 2, the bottom surface of annular groove 18b is indicated by dotted line 28; and annular groove 18b is not visible in this cross~section except in the general areas of the inter-sections of radial feed passageway 2~a and radial drain passageway 26a with annular groove 18b. Likewise, in Fig. 3 -the bottom surface of annular groove 18d is indicated by dot-ted line 30; and annular groove 18d is not visible in this cross-section except in the general areas of the intersections of radial feed passageway 2~b and radial drain passageway 26b with annular groove 18d. I'he arrows in Figs 2 and 3 indicate the direc-tion of flow oE the ~3 A
cooling fluid.
Fig. 4 is a fragmentary top view of a portion of roll 12 of Fig. 1 showing radial feed passageway 24a servicing adjacent annular grooves 18a and 18b and radial drain passageway 26b servicing adjacent annular grooves 18c and 18d. The arrows in Fig. 4 indicate the direction of flow of the cooling fluid.
Considering Figs. 2, 3 and 4, it can be seen that the radial feed passageway connects to two adjacent annular grooves on the generally opposite side of roll 12 from the radial drain passageway for the sa~e two adjacent annular grooves. In other embodiments of the invention, regardless of whether a radial feed passageway and a radial drain passageway service a singular annular groove or two or more adjacent annular grooves, the radial feed passageway connects to the annular groove or adjacent annular grooves on the generally opposite side of the roll from the radial drain passageway for the same annular groove or adjacent annular grooves.
Also, as can be seen from Figs. 2 and 3, radial feed passageway 24a is generally disposed on the opposite side of roll 12 from adjacent radial feed passageway 24b; and radial drain passageway 26a is generally disposed on the opposite side of roll 12 from adjacent radial drain passageway 26b. Along -the entire length of the roll, each radial feed passageway extends radially outwardly from an axial feed bore in a direction generally oppo-site from each immediately adjacent radial feed passageway and each radial drain passageway extends radially outwardly from an axial drain bore in a direction generally opposite from each immediately adjacent radial drain passageway in the preferred embodiment or in any other embodiment of the present invention to provide the desired isothermal cooling.
Figs. 5 and 6 schematically show preferred flow patterns for cooling flllid through adjacent annular grooves 18a and 18b and 7'~
through adjacent annular grooves 18c and 18d. Fig. 5 shows the flow of cooling fluid fro~ axial feed bore 20a through radial feed passageway 24a, adjacent annular grooves 18a and 18b and radial drain passageway 26a into axial drain bore 22a. Fig. 6 shows the flow of cooling fluid from axial feed bore 20b through radial feed passageway 24b, adjacent annular grooves 18c and 18d, and radial drain passageway 26b into axial drain bore 22b. The arrows indicate the direction of flow of the cooling fluid.
From Figs. 5 and 6 it can be seen that the flow of cooling fluid through annular grooves 18a and 18b is opposite to the flow of cooling fluid through annular grooves 18c and 18d.
The flow of cooling fluid through annular grooves 18a, b, c and d shows the alternating, opposing flow pattern for the cooling fluid present in a casting roll of the present invention. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow pattern commences in these two adjacent pairs of adjacent annular grooves and continues throughout the entire length of the roll.
Therefore, in the preferred embodiment of a casting roll of the present invention, the flow of cooling fluid through each pair of adjacent annular grooves serviced by the same radial feed pas-sa~eway and by the same radial drain passageway would be opposite to the flow of the cooling fluid through an adjacent pair of adjacent annular grooves serviced by an adjacent radial feed passageway and by an adjacent radial drain passageway. This alternating, opposing flow pattern is achieved by alternating the placement of the radial feed passageways from generally one side of the roll to the other along the length of the roll such that each radial feed passageway extends radially outwardly from an axial feed bore in a direction generally opposite from each immediately adjacent radial feed passageway and by alternating the placement of the radial drain passageways generally from one side of the roll to tne o-ther along the length of the roll such that la ~2~ 877 each radial drain passageway extends radially outwardly from an axial drain bore in a direction generally opposite from each immediately adjacent radial drain passageway, as T~ell as by having the radial feed passageway servicing two adjacent annular grooves connect on the generally opposite side of the roll from the radial drain passage~ay servicing the same annular grooves.
T~ith regard to other embodiments of the invention, since a single radial feed passageway and a single radial drain pas-sageway could possibly service a single annular groove or two or more adjacent annular grooves, it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that in a casting roll constructed in accordance with the principles of this inven-tion, an alternating, opposing flow pattern for the cooling fluid would be present in the annular grooves along the entire length of the roll in o-ther embodiments of the invention. Since, in other embodiments of the present invention, the flow of cooling fluid through the annular groove or grooves, as the case may be, serviced by the same radial feed passageway and by the same radial drain passageway would be opposite to the flow of cooling fluid through the adjacent annular groove or grooves, as the case may be, serviced by an adjacent radial feed passageway and by an adjacent radial drain passageway.
This alternating, opposing flow pattern promotes the isothermal cooling of the casting roll's shell by providing a means for substantially uniform heat removal from the shell of the casting roll. The alternating placement of the radial feed passageways ancl the radial drain passageways along the length of the roll, as ~reviously described, allows relatively cool coolant entering the annular grooves or groove, as the case may be, to then circulate next to and opposite to relatively warmer coolant 30 circulating through the adjacent annular grooves or groove, as the case may be, to substantially uniformly balance along the casting roll's shell the heat being transferred from the mol-ten metal. By 7~
balancing the heat transfer in this manner, the temperature of the casting roll's shell will be substantially uniform both around the shell's circumference and across the roll's width.
The balancing of the heat transferred through the casting roll is also enhanced by the placement in -the casting roll in accordance with the invention of the radial feed passageways carrying the relatively cool entering coolant and the radial drain passageways carrying the warmer exiting coolant. By having a radial feed passageway carrying the cool entering coolant servic-ing the annular groove or grooves, as the case may be, on thegenerally opposite side of the roll from a radial drain passageway carrying the warmer exiting coolant from the same annular groove or grooves and by having the radial feed passageways alternate with the radial drain passageways along both sides of the roll along the length of the roll, it can be seen that the cooler entering coolant flowing in the radial feed passageways sub-stantially balances throughout the casting roll the heat flow from the warmer exiting coolant flowing in the radial drain passageways to promote substantially uniform heat distribution throughout -the casting roll.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the balancing of the heat transferred through the casting roll is further enhanced by the use of two axial feed bores and two axial drain bores which alternate in servicing the radial feed passage-ways and the radial drain passageways, respectively, along the length of the roll. By arranging the two axial feed bores and the two axial drain bores in the casting roll as shown in Figs. 2 and
3 such that the axial feed bores and the axial drain bores are generally disposed about and evenly spaced around the central area of the casting roll with the axial feed bores being generally disposed diagonally opposite from each other and the axial drain bores being generally disposed diagonally opposite from each other, the cooler entering coolant flowing in -the axial feed bores helps to substantially balance the heat flow from the warmer exiting coolant flowing in the axial drain bores -thereby assis-ting with the substantially uniform distribution of hea-t through the casting roll.
Thus, the present inve:ntion's capability to substan-tially uniformly balance and distribute the heat being transferred from the molten metal throughout the casting roll provides sub-stantially isothermal cooling of the casting roll's shell.
Various modifications may be made in the invention without departing from the spirit thereof, or the scope of the claims, and, therefore, the exact form shown is to be taken as illustrative only and not in a limiting sense, and it is desired that only such limitations shall be placed thereon as are imposed by the prior art, or are specifically set forth in the appended claims.
Thus, the present inve:ntion's capability to substan-tially uniformly balance and distribute the heat being transferred from the molten metal throughout the casting roll provides sub-stantially isothermal cooling of the casting roll's shell.
Various modifications may be made in the invention without departing from the spirit thereof, or the scope of the claims, and, therefore, the exact form shown is to be taken as illustrative only and not in a limiting sense, and it is desired that only such limitations shall be placed thereon as are imposed by the prior art, or are specifically set forth in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. In a roll caster for continuous casting of metals in strip form, a pair of parallel casting rolls spaced apart slightly to receive and carry molten metal therebetween as it is cooled to solidify the same; each of said casting rolls comprising a roll and a shell therearound with each roll having at least one axial feed bore for supplying cooling fluid into the roll and at least one axial drain bore for draining cooling fluid from the roll, a plurality of parallel annular grooves around the roll for flow of cooling fluid between the roll and the shell, a plurality of radial feed passageways connecting each axial feed bore to the annular grooves and a plurality of radial drain passageways connecting each axial drain bore to the annular grooves with each of said radial feed and radial drain passageways servicing at least one groove and with the radial feed passageway connected to the groove on the generally opposite side of the roll from the radial drain passageway for the same groove and with each radial feed passageway extending radially outwardly from an axial feed bore in a direction generally opposite from each immediately adjacent radial feed passageway and with each radial drain pas-sageway extending radially outwardly from an axial drain bore in a direction generally opposite from each immediately adjacent radial drain passageway to provide substantially isothermal cooling of said shell.
2. Casting rolls as set forth in claim 1 in which each roll has two axial feed bores which alternate in servicing the radial feed passageways and two axial drain bores which alternate in servicing the radial drain passageways along the length of the roll.
3. Casting rolls as set forth in claim 2 in which the two axial feed bores and the two axial drain bores are generally disposed about and evenly spaced around the central area of the roll with the axial feed bores being generally disposed diagonally opposite from each other and with the axial drain bores being generally disposed diagonally opposite from each other.
4. Casting rolls as set forth in claim 1 in which each radial feed passageway and each radial drain passageway services two adjacent annular grooves.
5. A casting roll for use in a roll caster for continuous casting of metals in strip form, said casting roll comprising a roll and a shell therearound having at least one axial feed bore for supplying cooling fluid into the roll and at least one axial drain bore for draining cooling fluid from the roll, a plurality of parallel annular grooves around the roll for flow of cooling fluid between the roll and the shell, a plurality of radial feed passageways connecting each axial feed bore to the annular grooves and a plurality of radial drain passageways connecting each axial drain bore to the annular grooves with each of said radial feed and radial drain passageways servicing at least one groove and with the radial feed passageway connected to the groove on the generally opposite side of the roll from the radial drain passageway for the same groove and with each radial feed passageway extending radially outwardly from an axial feed bore in a direction generally opposite from each immediately adjacent radial feed passageway and with each radial drain pas-sageway extending radially outwardly from an axial drain bore in a direction generally opposite from each immediately adjacent radial drain passageway to provide substantially isothermal cooling of said shell.
6. A casting roll as set forth in claim 5 in which the roll has two axial feed bores which alternate in servicing the radial feed passageways and two axial drain bores which alternate in servicing the radial drain passageways along the length of the roll.
7. A casting roll as set forth in claim 6 in which the two axial feed bores and the two axial drain bores are generally disposed about and evenly spaced around the central area of the roll with the axial feed bores being generally disposed diagonally opposite from each other and with the axial drain bores being generally disposed diagonally opposite from each other.
8. A casting roll as set forth in claim 5 in which each radial feed passageway and each radial drain passageway services two adjacent annular grooves.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US37891082A | 1982-05-17 | 1982-05-17 | |
| US378,910 | 1982-05-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1208877A true CA1208877A (en) | 1986-08-05 |
Family
ID=23495042
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000426798A Expired CA1208877A (en) | 1982-05-17 | 1983-04-27 | Roll caster with isothermal shell cooling |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0095111A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS58209452A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU1422683A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1208877A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO831747L (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5626183A (en) * | 1989-07-14 | 1997-05-06 | Fata Hunter, Inc. | System for a crown control roll casting machine |
| ES2083982T3 (en) * | 1989-07-14 | 1996-05-01 | Hunter Eng Co | REGULATION OF THE FLEXION IN A CASTING MACHINE BETWEEN ROLLERS. |
| DE4001047A1 (en) * | 1990-01-16 | 1991-10-02 | Sundwiger Eisen Maschinen | CASTING WHEEL WITH A REPLACABLE, DRIVEN CASTING RING FOR A TWO-ROLLER BELT CASTING MACHINE |
| FR2799399B1 (en) * | 1999-10-06 | 2002-02-08 | Pechiney Rhenalu | CONTINUOUS CASTING CYLINDER OF METAL STRIP COMPRISING A COOLING CIRCUIT |
| DE102009015008B3 (en) | 2009-03-26 | 2010-12-02 | Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh | Piston rings and cylinder liners |
| DE102011055066A1 (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2013-05-08 | Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products Gmbh | Roller with cooling system |
| CN104368605A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-02-25 | 辽宁科技大学 | Casting roller cooling water channel suitable for casting and rolling thin and wide plates and strips |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH429042A (en) * | 1965-03-09 | 1967-01-31 | Prolizenz Ag | Roller for casting metal rolling |
| US3757847A (en) * | 1971-10-07 | 1973-09-11 | P Sofinsky | Roll mould with cooling system |
| FR2217098A1 (en) * | 1973-02-13 | 1974-09-06 | Scal Gp Condit Aluminium | Continuous casting appts of improved output capacity - by lining surfaces in contact with liq metal with a highly heat conductive material eg copper (alloys) |
-
1983
- 1983-04-27 CA CA000426798A patent/CA1208877A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-05-04 AU AU14226/83A patent/AU1422683A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1983-05-13 EP EP83104755A patent/EP0095111A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-05-16 JP JP58084282A patent/JPS58209452A/en active Pending
- 1983-05-16 NO NO831747A patent/NO831747L/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS58209452A (en) | 1983-12-06 |
| AU1422683A (en) | 1983-11-24 |
| EP0095111A3 (en) | 1984-02-22 |
| EP0095111A2 (en) | 1983-11-30 |
| NO831747L (en) | 1983-11-18 |
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