CA1200111A - Method of forming concrete piles and new preparatory pile therefor - Google Patents
Method of forming concrete piles and new preparatory pile thereforInfo
- Publication number
- CA1200111A CA1200111A CA000439868A CA439868A CA1200111A CA 1200111 A CA1200111 A CA 1200111A CA 000439868 A CA000439868 A CA 000439868A CA 439868 A CA439868 A CA 439868A CA 1200111 A CA1200111 A CA 1200111A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- pile
- shaft
- diameter
- preparatory
- casing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/36—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making without use of mouldpipes or other moulds
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
- Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The invention relates to a method of forming concrete piles and new preparatory piles therefor.
The preparatory pile comprises a pile shaft and a detachable pile base detachably secured at the bottom part of the pile shaft and is characterized in that it further comprises a casing at a height of about four times the diameter of the permanent shaft above the preparatory pile base , of a diameter equal the the diameter of the permanent shaft, said casing being so disposed relative to the pile shaft to be linked in displacement with said pile shaft during driving of the preparatory pile .
The invention prevents the shearing and displacement of soil during driving of the preparatory pile.
The invention relates to a method of forming concrete piles and new preparatory piles therefor.
The preparatory pile comprises a pile shaft and a detachable pile base detachably secured at the bottom part of the pile shaft and is characterized in that it further comprises a casing at a height of about four times the diameter of the permanent shaft above the preparatory pile base , of a diameter equal the the diameter of the permanent shaft, said casing being so disposed relative to the pile shaft to be linked in displacement with said pile shaft during driving of the preparatory pile .
The invention prevents the shearing and displacement of soil during driving of the preparatory pile.
Description
: L2~
The present invention rela-tes to a methocl or~
forming concrete piles and new preparatory pile -there-For.
I-t is well known, notably from U.S. Patent No.
779,881 to form concrete piles by driving in-to the ground or soil a preparatory pile comprising a pile shaft and a detachable base or shoe detachably secured at the bot-toln part of the pile shaft thereby forming an opening, to fill the opening at least around the pile shaft with the concrete lo of which the permanen-t pile is to be composed and thereafter to detach the base from the pile shaft before withdrawing the pile shaft from the opening.
Several improvements have been effected to the method disclosed in said U.S. Patent No 779,~381 which are best exemplified by the STEDING U.S. Patent No. 3,851,485.
These improvements essentially relate to improved embodi-ments of the hopper to feed the concrete into the opening and also to several shapes of preparatory piles.
Such known methods and apparatuses for forming concrete piles have the major drawback consisting in that during driving the preparatory pile t.here occurs a movernent of soil which results in a "necking" or reduction of snaft diameter according to well known geotechnical principles as to the shearing and displacement of the soil.
The present invention, for the first time, pre-vents the above so-called "necking" or reduction of shaft diameter occurring during driving of the preparatory pile thereby avoiding the drawback of the known driving solu-According to the present invention there is pro-vided a method of forming the concrete piles, including driving into the ground or soil a preparatory pile J~
comprising a pile shaft and a detachable base or shoe detechably secured at the bottom part of the pile shaft thereby -Forming an opening; filling the opening at 1east around the pile shaFt with the concrete of which the permanent pile is -to be composed and thereafter to detach the base from the pile be-Fore withdrawing the pile shaft from the opening, characterized in that it further cornp-rises providing the preparatory pile shaft, at a height of about four times the diameter of the permanent shaft above the preparatory pile base, with a casing of diameter equal to the diameter of the permanent shaft, said casing being linked in displacement with said pile shaft during driving of the prepara-tory pile, preventing thereby the shearing and displacement of soil.
According to a particular embodiment, said casing can be constituted by a circular diaphragm attached -to the pile shaft at discrete points around said pile shaft to force the concrete downwards during driving of the prepara-tory pile, said diaphragm being then removed together with the pile shaft from the opening.
According to another embodiment, the casing can be of a length equal to four times the diameter of the per-manent shaft and is therefore extending from said height oF
about Four times the diameter of the permanent shaF-t down-wards to come into abutment with the pile base, said casing being attached to the pile shaft to be removed together with the pile shaft from the opening.
According to a further embodiment, the casing can be constituted by a concrete shell or asbestos-cement shell, or plastic pipe or metal sleeve of a length equal to about four times the diameter of the permanent shaft frorn said height at four times the diameter of the permanent shaft above the pile base downwards to come into abutment with said base. Pre~erably, according to this embodiment, said shell is located within a correspondi~g recess o~
the preparatory pile sha~t which latter has a pro~ile in crosswise section o~ length equal to the permanen-t sha~t dlameter, Also, the present invention relates to a new prepar-atory pile comprising a pile sha~t and a detachable pile base or shoe detachably secured at the bottom part o~ the plle shaft and characterized in that it further comprises, at a height o~ abou~ ~our times the diameter o~ the per-manen~ shaft above the preparatory plle base, a casing o~
diameter equal to the diameter o~ the perm~ent sha~t to b~ ~ormed, said casing being so disposed relative to the pile shaft to be linked in displacement with said pile shaft during driving o~ the preparatory pile.
Accordingly, said casing can be constructed accordlng to the above-said actually preferred embod~ments.
The present invention will now be illustrated with re~erence to the attached drawings wherein:
Figure 1 represents a diagrammetlc illustration of shearing and displace~ent of soil during driving o~ the preparatory pile accordlng to the k~own methods o~ the prior art a~ examplified by U.S. Patent N 779,881.
- Figure 2 is an elevational view o~ the invention method shown according to the ~irst embodiment o~ the invention preparatory pile.
- Figure 2a shows a sectional view accordLng to line A-A of Figure 20 - Fi~ure 3 also shows an elevational view o~ the in~entIon method according to a second embodiment of the invention preparatory pile.
- Flgure 3a show~ a sectional view according to line B-B of Flgure 3.
- Figure 4 shows an elevatio~al view o~ the ln~ention m~thod according to a third embodimen~ ~ the i~ventlon preparatory pile~
With re~ere~ce to Fig~lre 1, the ~nown me~hod includes driving into ~he ground or soil ~ a preparatory pile ~ ,f ~q ~
comprising a pile shaf-t 3 and a detachable base ~ or shoe detachably secured at the bottom part o~ the pile sha~t thereby ~ormin~ an opening 5 . This known method also includes fi11 ing the opening 5 at least around the pile sha~t 3 w1th the concrete 6 o~ which the perman-ent plle is ~ be composed for instance.with the aid o~ -the concrete ~eeding duct 7 . According to this known method the le~el o~ concrete is maintained ~ mt~eh~f~medby the prepara-tory pile to ~ill the opening 5 as it is being formed. The preparatory pile shaft 3 ,when i-t is constituted by a hollow tube,advantageously presents hole~
8 to allow free move~ent of concrete inside the pile ~X. Ihe ~is th~ ~*ached before ~ith~awing the pile sha~t 3 .
According to this known method, during driving of the preparatory pile 2 , the base 4 or plug point o~
the preparatory pile 2 , which is o~ the diameter D
~orcing to be equal to the diameter o~ the permanent pile ~haft, there occurs the movement of the soil according to the arrows 10 shown in Figure 1 and the approximate boundary o~ soil mo~ement is shown by the outer line 1~ .
It can be seen ~rom Figure 1 that the lower limit o~
the boundary of soil movement is approximately at a dep~h equ~l to olle ti~ the, dia~er o~ the ~ile base whereas this approximate boundary of soil move~nt ends at a height o* ~our times the diameter o~ the pile base or o~
the permanent pile shaft since the diameter of the pile base is that o~ the permanent pile sha~t to be formed.
Such a movement of soil results in a "necking"
e~ect or in a reduc~ion of the opening diameter iOe~ ln a reduction of the diameter o~ the permanent pile.
Such a major drawback o~ the known method is avoided according to the present invention by the lnvention mPthod which is now described with re~erence to three actually pre~erred embodiments shown in Figures 2 to 4, With re~erence to Flgure 2 representing the ~irst embodiment oP the i~vention preparatory pile, the preparatory pile 20 driven into the ground 1 also of course includes a pile shaft 21 and a detachable ~2(~
pile base 22 or shoe constituting the permanent pile point as previously known, as examplified by Figure 1a This preparatory pile, according to the present invention, ~urther comprises, at a height of about four times the diameter of the permanent shaft above the preparato~y pile base 2~ , a casing ~4 o~ diameter equal to the diameter o~ the permanent sha~t, said casing being linked in dis-placement ~ith the pile sha~t 21 during driving o~ the preparatory pile 20 9 thereby preventing the shearing and displacement oX thé soil.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 2,the casing 24 ~s of a length equal -to about ~our times the diameter o~ -the permanent sha~t and is accordingly extending from said height at about four times the diameter above the pile base 22 down~ards to come into abu~ent with the pile base 22 as clearly shown in Figure 2. The casing is, according to the embodiment shown in Figure 2, attached to -the pile sha~t 21 at di~crete poin-ts around said sha~t with the aid of inward protrudences 26 which are here shown slanted. This att~_hment can be performed according to any kn4wn technic and said internal protFudences can be 9 ~or instance, welded onto the pile sha~t 21 0 Accordirg to the emb~dlment ~how~ on ~i~ure ~j it can therefore be seen that the casing 24 prevents any "necking" or reduc-tion of permanen-t pile sha~t~ since said casing 24 is exte~;ng over a length o~ four times the diameter o~ the permanent shaft diameter thereby pre~enting any movement of soil during driving of the preparatory pile 20 .
In the present embodiment, like in the o-ther embodi-ment shown on Figure 3, the pile shaft 21 1s constituted by a tube co~prising holes 28 to allow ~ree moveme~ o~
concrete inside -the tube,since concrete is ~ed outside o~
the preparatory pile 20 , as shown by the arrow C in Figure 2 with the concrete level shown by the letters C.L.
inside a temporary casing 30 which can be a hopper located in the opening on the ground 1 ~
3~r~
F.igure 2a shows that the pile shaft 21 comprises,Ln fact, a central tubular part 21a and radial extenslons 21b which are here at a number o~ ~our,but this number can o~ course be modi~ied to be lower or higher.
This cas~ng 24 being attached to the preparatory pile shaft 21 w~ll be removed together with the pile 3hait 21 when said pile sha~t 21 will be removed ~rom the opening by the end o~ the method a~ter having detached in a manner known per ~e the pile base 22 constitutlng the permanent pile point. Such detachable connections between the pile sha~t and the pile base are well known in the art and there can be used those of U~S~ Patent N
7799881 or also the improvements disclosed by the S~DING
U.~. Patent N 3 851 485, ~or .instance~
Finally9 it is also useful that the top part 32 of the casing 24 ,which is here constituted by a hollow tube o~ approximately cireular cross-section, be inwardly slanted, said slanted part ~ a~ 36 between the pile sha~t 21 and the top part of the casing 24 , said gap being preferably about hal~ o~ the distance between the plle sha~t 21 and-the inner wall of the opening 34 .
In Figure ~ is shown another embodiment o~ the invention preparatory pile which comprises here the same pile sha~t 21 as that shown i~ Figure 2 with the same pile base 22 . But, in the presen-t embodiment -the casing is here constituted by a clrcular diaphragm 40 which ~s preferably attached to the preparatory pile sha~-t 21 in the same manner as the casing 24 of the embodi-ment of Figure 2 namely notably with ~he a~d o~ inward protrudence~ 42 which are slanted as shown. Alsoy the top part 44 of the circular diaphragm 40 can be ~dvantageously int~ardly slanted with the leaving o~ a gap 46 between the pile shaft 21 and the top part 44 o~ the casing 40 .
As is sho~m in Figure 3, this circular diaphragm 40 co~stituting the casing is at a height o~ about four times the diameter D of the permanent sha~t abo~e the prepar-atory pile base 22 and i5 preferably ending exactly atthis height and extends downwardly from this exact height to obtain the desired effect. The minimum length to obtain said desired effect is approximately half of the diameter D of the permanent shaft,said minimal length including the slanted part 44. Thi.s embodiment, like that of figure 2~ in vi.ew of the internal protrudences 42 forces the concrete downwards during driving of the pre-paratory pile.
With reference to Pigure 4 is shown a third embodiment of the invention preparatory pileO Here, the preparatory pile 50 comprises a pile shaft 51 which is shown in Figure 4a, to be formed with a plate 5la onto which have been secured perpendicularly and in alignment, two bars 51b~51c .
Said pile shaft 50 is also provided with holes 52 to allow free communication between the compartemnts defined between plate 51a and the bars 51b and 51c as clearly understandable from Figure 4a.
According to the present invention, said prepara~ory pile 50 further comprises a permanent concrete shell or other resistant material 54 of a length equal to about four times the diameter of the permanent shaft diameter D with its lower part 54a coming into abutment with the pile base 55 detachably secured to the pile sha~t 50. This permanent shell 54 is located within a corresponding recess 56 of the prepar-atory pile shaft 50 which latter has, in this embodiment, a length of the crosswise section profile out of the recess 56 substantially equal to the permanent shaft diameter D, as clearly shown on Figure 4.
Accordingly, the permanent shell is, in practice, "locked" in the recess 56 of the pile shaft 51 with the aid of the pile base 55. Accordingly, when detaching the pile base 55 from the pile shaft 51 and removing pile shaft 51, the permanent shell 54, constituting here the invention casingl remains in the soil there~y ensuring, both during driving of the pile and thereafter, preventing the soil movements.
It is thus clear that any one of the three embodiments 3hown Irom F.igure 2 to Figure 4 complies with the invention method previously set forth.
-
The present invention rela-tes to a methocl or~
forming concrete piles and new preparatory pile -there-For.
I-t is well known, notably from U.S. Patent No.
779,881 to form concrete piles by driving in-to the ground or soil a preparatory pile comprising a pile shaft and a detachable base or shoe detachably secured at the bot-toln part of the pile shaft thereby forming an opening, to fill the opening at least around the pile shaft with the concrete lo of which the permanen-t pile is to be composed and thereafter to detach the base from the pile shaft before withdrawing the pile shaft from the opening.
Several improvements have been effected to the method disclosed in said U.S. Patent No 779,~381 which are best exemplified by the STEDING U.S. Patent No. 3,851,485.
These improvements essentially relate to improved embodi-ments of the hopper to feed the concrete into the opening and also to several shapes of preparatory piles.
Such known methods and apparatuses for forming concrete piles have the major drawback consisting in that during driving the preparatory pile t.here occurs a movernent of soil which results in a "necking" or reduction of snaft diameter according to well known geotechnical principles as to the shearing and displacement of the soil.
The present invention, for the first time, pre-vents the above so-called "necking" or reduction of shaft diameter occurring during driving of the preparatory pile thereby avoiding the drawback of the known driving solu-According to the present invention there is pro-vided a method of forming the concrete piles, including driving into the ground or soil a preparatory pile J~
comprising a pile shaft and a detachable base or shoe detechably secured at the bottom part of the pile shaft thereby -Forming an opening; filling the opening at 1east around the pile shaFt with the concrete of which the permanent pile is -to be composed and thereafter to detach the base from the pile be-Fore withdrawing the pile shaft from the opening, characterized in that it further cornp-rises providing the preparatory pile shaft, at a height of about four times the diameter of the permanent shaft above the preparatory pile base, with a casing of diameter equal to the diameter of the permanent shaft, said casing being linked in displacement with said pile shaft during driving of the prepara-tory pile, preventing thereby the shearing and displacement of soil.
According to a particular embodiment, said casing can be constituted by a circular diaphragm attached -to the pile shaft at discrete points around said pile shaft to force the concrete downwards during driving of the prepara-tory pile, said diaphragm being then removed together with the pile shaft from the opening.
According to another embodiment, the casing can be of a length equal to four times the diameter of the per-manent shaft and is therefore extending from said height oF
about Four times the diameter of the permanent shaF-t down-wards to come into abutment with the pile base, said casing being attached to the pile shaft to be removed together with the pile shaft from the opening.
According to a further embodiment, the casing can be constituted by a concrete shell or asbestos-cement shell, or plastic pipe or metal sleeve of a length equal to about four times the diameter of the permanent shaft frorn said height at four times the diameter of the permanent shaft above the pile base downwards to come into abutment with said base. Pre~erably, according to this embodiment, said shell is located within a correspondi~g recess o~
the preparatory pile sha~t which latter has a pro~ile in crosswise section o~ length equal to the permanen-t sha~t dlameter, Also, the present invention relates to a new prepar-atory pile comprising a pile sha~t and a detachable pile base or shoe detachably secured at the bottom part o~ the plle shaft and characterized in that it further comprises, at a height o~ abou~ ~our times the diameter o~ the per-manen~ shaft above the preparatory plle base, a casing o~
diameter equal to the diameter o~ the perm~ent sha~t to b~ ~ormed, said casing being so disposed relative to the pile shaft to be linked in displacement with said pile shaft during driving o~ the preparatory pile.
Accordingly, said casing can be constructed accordlng to the above-said actually preferred embod~ments.
The present invention will now be illustrated with re~erence to the attached drawings wherein:
Figure 1 represents a diagrammetlc illustration of shearing and displace~ent of soil during driving o~ the preparatory pile accordlng to the k~own methods o~ the prior art a~ examplified by U.S. Patent N 779,881.
- Figure 2 is an elevational view o~ the invention method shown according to the ~irst embodiment o~ the invention preparatory pile.
- Figure 2a shows a sectional view accordLng to line A-A of Figure 20 - Fi~ure 3 also shows an elevational view o~ the in~entIon method according to a second embodiment of the invention preparatory pile.
- Flgure 3a show~ a sectional view according to line B-B of Flgure 3.
- Figure 4 shows an elevatio~al view o~ the ln~ention m~thod according to a third embodimen~ ~ the i~ventlon preparatory pile~
With re~ere~ce to Fig~lre 1, the ~nown me~hod includes driving into ~he ground or soil ~ a preparatory pile ~ ,f ~q ~
comprising a pile shaf-t 3 and a detachable base ~ or shoe detachably secured at the bottom part o~ the pile sha~t thereby ~ormin~ an opening 5 . This known method also includes fi11 ing the opening 5 at least around the pile sha~t 3 w1th the concrete 6 o~ which the perman-ent plle is ~ be composed for instance.with the aid o~ -the concrete ~eeding duct 7 . According to this known method the le~el o~ concrete is maintained ~ mt~eh~f~medby the prepara-tory pile to ~ill the opening 5 as it is being formed. The preparatory pile shaft 3 ,when i-t is constituted by a hollow tube,advantageously presents hole~
8 to allow free move~ent of concrete inside the pile ~X. Ihe ~is th~ ~*ached before ~ith~awing the pile sha~t 3 .
According to this known method, during driving of the preparatory pile 2 , the base 4 or plug point o~
the preparatory pile 2 , which is o~ the diameter D
~orcing to be equal to the diameter o~ the permanent pile ~haft, there occurs the movement of the soil according to the arrows 10 shown in Figure 1 and the approximate boundary o~ soil mo~ement is shown by the outer line 1~ .
It can be seen ~rom Figure 1 that the lower limit o~
the boundary of soil movement is approximately at a dep~h equ~l to olle ti~ the, dia~er o~ the ~ile base whereas this approximate boundary of soil move~nt ends at a height o* ~our times the diameter o~ the pile base or o~
the permanent pile shaft since the diameter of the pile base is that o~ the permanent pile sha~t to be formed.
Such a movement of soil results in a "necking"
e~ect or in a reduc~ion of the opening diameter iOe~ ln a reduction of the diameter o~ the permanent pile.
Such a major drawback o~ the known method is avoided according to the present invention by the lnvention mPthod which is now described with re~erence to three actually pre~erred embodiments shown in Figures 2 to 4, With re~erence to Flgure 2 representing the ~irst embodiment oP the i~vention preparatory pile, the preparatory pile 20 driven into the ground 1 also of course includes a pile shaft 21 and a detachable ~2(~
pile base 22 or shoe constituting the permanent pile point as previously known, as examplified by Figure 1a This preparatory pile, according to the present invention, ~urther comprises, at a height of about four times the diameter of the permanent shaft above the preparato~y pile base 2~ , a casing ~4 o~ diameter equal to the diameter o~ the permanent sha~t, said casing being linked in dis-placement ~ith the pile sha~t 21 during driving o~ the preparatory pile 20 9 thereby preventing the shearing and displacement oX thé soil.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 2,the casing 24 ~s of a length equal -to about ~our times the diameter o~ -the permanent sha~t and is accordingly extending from said height at about four times the diameter above the pile base 22 down~ards to come into abu~ent with the pile base 22 as clearly shown in Figure 2. The casing is, according to the embodiment shown in Figure 2, attached to -the pile sha~t 21 at di~crete poin-ts around said sha~t with the aid of inward protrudences 26 which are here shown slanted. This att~_hment can be performed according to any kn4wn technic and said internal protFudences can be 9 ~or instance, welded onto the pile sha~t 21 0 Accordirg to the emb~dlment ~how~ on ~i~ure ~j it can therefore be seen that the casing 24 prevents any "necking" or reduc-tion of permanen-t pile sha~t~ since said casing 24 is exte~;ng over a length o~ four times the diameter o~ the permanent shaft diameter thereby pre~enting any movement of soil during driving of the preparatory pile 20 .
In the present embodiment, like in the o-ther embodi-ment shown on Figure 3, the pile shaft 21 1s constituted by a tube co~prising holes 28 to allow ~ree moveme~ o~
concrete inside -the tube,since concrete is ~ed outside o~
the preparatory pile 20 , as shown by the arrow C in Figure 2 with the concrete level shown by the letters C.L.
inside a temporary casing 30 which can be a hopper located in the opening on the ground 1 ~
3~r~
F.igure 2a shows that the pile shaft 21 comprises,Ln fact, a central tubular part 21a and radial extenslons 21b which are here at a number o~ ~our,but this number can o~ course be modi~ied to be lower or higher.
This cas~ng 24 being attached to the preparatory pile shaft 21 w~ll be removed together with the pile 3hait 21 when said pile sha~t 21 will be removed ~rom the opening by the end o~ the method a~ter having detached in a manner known per ~e the pile base 22 constitutlng the permanent pile point. Such detachable connections between the pile sha~t and the pile base are well known in the art and there can be used those of U~S~ Patent N
7799881 or also the improvements disclosed by the S~DING
U.~. Patent N 3 851 485, ~or .instance~
Finally9 it is also useful that the top part 32 of the casing 24 ,which is here constituted by a hollow tube o~ approximately cireular cross-section, be inwardly slanted, said slanted part ~ a~ 36 between the pile sha~t 21 and the top part of the casing 24 , said gap being preferably about hal~ o~ the distance between the plle sha~t 21 and-the inner wall of the opening 34 .
In Figure ~ is shown another embodiment o~ the invention preparatory pile which comprises here the same pile sha~t 21 as that shown i~ Figure 2 with the same pile base 22 . But, in the presen-t embodiment -the casing is here constituted by a clrcular diaphragm 40 which ~s preferably attached to the preparatory pile sha~-t 21 in the same manner as the casing 24 of the embodi-ment of Figure 2 namely notably with ~he a~d o~ inward protrudence~ 42 which are slanted as shown. Alsoy the top part 44 of the circular diaphragm 40 can be ~dvantageously int~ardly slanted with the leaving o~ a gap 46 between the pile shaft 21 and the top part 44 o~ the casing 40 .
As is sho~m in Figure 3, this circular diaphragm 40 co~stituting the casing is at a height o~ about four times the diameter D of the permanent sha~t abo~e the prepar-atory pile base 22 and i5 preferably ending exactly atthis height and extends downwardly from this exact height to obtain the desired effect. The minimum length to obtain said desired effect is approximately half of the diameter D of the permanent shaft,said minimal length including the slanted part 44. Thi.s embodiment, like that of figure 2~ in vi.ew of the internal protrudences 42 forces the concrete downwards during driving of the pre-paratory pile.
With reference to Pigure 4 is shown a third embodiment of the invention preparatory pileO Here, the preparatory pile 50 comprises a pile shaft 51 which is shown in Figure 4a, to be formed with a plate 5la onto which have been secured perpendicularly and in alignment, two bars 51b~51c .
Said pile shaft 50 is also provided with holes 52 to allow free communication between the compartemnts defined between plate 51a and the bars 51b and 51c as clearly understandable from Figure 4a.
According to the present invention, said prepara~ory pile 50 further comprises a permanent concrete shell or other resistant material 54 of a length equal to about four times the diameter of the permanent shaft diameter D with its lower part 54a coming into abutment with the pile base 55 detachably secured to the pile sha~t 50. This permanent shell 54 is located within a corresponding recess 56 of the prepar-atory pile shaft 50 which latter has, in this embodiment, a length of the crosswise section profile out of the recess 56 substantially equal to the permanent shaft diameter D, as clearly shown on Figure 4.
Accordingly, the permanent shell is, in practice, "locked" in the recess 56 of the pile shaft 51 with the aid of the pile base 55. Accordingly, when detaching the pile base 55 from the pile shaft 51 and removing pile shaft 51, the permanent shell 54, constituting here the invention casingl remains in the soil there~y ensuring, both during driving of the pile and thereafter, preventing the soil movements.
It is thus clear that any one of the three embodiments 3hown Irom F.igure 2 to Figure 4 complies with the invention method previously set forth.
-
Claims (10)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method of forming concrete piles, including driving into the ground or soil a preparatory pile compri-sing a pile shaft and a detachable base or shoe detachably secured at the bottom part of the pile shaft thereby forming an opening; filling the opening at least around the pile shaft with the concrete of which the permanent pile is to be composed and thereafter to detach the base from the pile before withdrawing the pile shaft from the opening, pro-viding the preparatory pile shaft, at a height of about four times the diameter of the permanent shaft above the prepara-tory pile base, with a casing of diameter equal to the dia-meter of the permanent shaft, said casing being linked in displacement with said pile shaft during driving of the preparatory pile, thereby preventing the shearing and dis-placement of soil.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the casing is a circular diaphragm attached to the pile shaft at discrete points around said pile shaft to force the concrete down-wards during driving of the preparatory pile, said diaphragm being then removed together with the pile shaft.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the casing is of a length equal to about four times the diameter of the permanent shaft and is extending from said height at about four times -the diameter of the permanent shaft downwards to come therefore into abutment with the pile base, said casing being attached to the pile shaft to be removed together with the pile shaft.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the casing is a shell of resistant material of a length equal to about four times the diameter of the permanent shaft and extending from said height at about four times the diameter of the per-manent shaft above the pile base downwards thereby coming into abutment with said pile base.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein said shell is located within a corresponding recess of -the preparatory pile shaft which latter has a length of the crosswise section profile substantially equal to the per-manent shaft diameter; out of the recess.
6. A preparatory pile, comprising a pile shaft and a detachable pile base or shoe detachably secured at the bottom part of the pile shaft, a casing at a height of about four times the diameter of the permanent shaft above the preparatory pile base, of a diameter equal to the diameter of the permanent shaft, said casing being linked in dis-placement with said pile shaft during driving of the pre-paratory pile, preventing thereby the shearing and dis-placement of soil.
7. The preparatory pile of claim 6, wherein said casing is a circular diaphragm attached to the pile shaft at discrete points around said pile shaft to force the concrete downwards during driving of the preparatory pile, said dia-phragm being then removed together with the pile shaft.
8. The preparatory pile of claim 6, wherein the casing is of a length equal to about four times the dia-meter of the permanent shaft and is extending from said height at about four times the diameter of the permanent shaft downwards to come into abutment with the pile base, said casing being attached to the pile shaft to be removed together with the pile shaft.
9. The preparatory pile of claim 6, wherein the casing is a shell of resistant material of a length equal to about four times the diameter of the permanent shaft from said height at about four times the diameter of the per-manent shaft above the pile base downwards to come into abutment with said pile base.
10. The preparatory pile of claim 9, wherein said concrete shell is located within a corresponding recess of the preparatory pile shaft which latter has a length of the crosswise section profile approximately equal to the per-manent shaft diameter, out of the recess.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8231680 | 1982-11-05 | ||
| GB08231680A GB2129855A (en) | 1982-11-05 | 1982-11-05 | Method of forming concrete piles and new preparatory pile therefore |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1200111A true CA1200111A (en) | 1986-02-04 |
Family
ID=10534073
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000439868A Expired CA1200111A (en) | 1982-11-05 | 1983-10-27 | Method of forming concrete piles and new preparatory pile therefor |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE898138A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8305914A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1200111A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH655530B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3339509A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI834032A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2535759A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2129855A (en) |
| GR (1) | GR79644B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU85072A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8303614A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA837999B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2479199A (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2011-10-05 | Abbey Pynford Holdings Plc | In-situ foundation pile manufacture with simultaneous driving and filling |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR583391A (en) * | 1924-02-07 | 1925-01-12 | Anciens Etablissements Ed Zubl | Method and device applicable to the fabrication of concrete foundation piles with large cross section cast in place using a temporary sheath |
| GB870497A (en) * | 1959-11-16 | 1961-06-14 | Raymond Int Inc | Methods and apparatus for making concrete pile shells and piles |
| FR1497022A (en) * | 1966-10-19 | 1967-10-06 | Parera S Aannemings En Handelm | Method of manufacturing a widened foot pile in the ground |
| US3851485A (en) * | 1972-04-14 | 1974-12-03 | J Steding | Method and apparatus for installing concrete piles |
| US3881320A (en) * | 1973-06-27 | 1975-05-06 | Raymond Int Inc | Pile installation in submerged bearing strata |
| US4152089A (en) * | 1977-07-07 | 1979-05-01 | Stannard George E | Method and apparatus for forming a cast-in-place support column |
-
1982
- 1982-11-05 GB GB08231680A patent/GB2129855A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1983
- 1983-10-19 CH CH568983A patent/CH655530B/fr unknown
- 1983-10-20 NL NL8303614A patent/NL8303614A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-10-25 GR GR72785A patent/GR79644B/el unknown
- 1983-10-26 BR BR8305914A patent/BR8305914A/en unknown
- 1983-10-27 ZA ZA837999A patent/ZA837999B/en unknown
- 1983-10-27 CA CA000439868A patent/CA1200111A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-10-31 DE DE19833339509 patent/DE3339509A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-11-03 BE BE211811A patent/BE898138A/en unknown
- 1983-11-03 FI FI834032A patent/FI834032A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-11-03 LU LU85072A patent/LU85072A1/en unknown
- 1983-11-03 FR FR8317463A patent/FR2535759A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI834032A0 (en) | 1983-11-03 |
| BE898138A (en) | 1984-03-01 |
| FI834032A (en) | 1984-05-06 |
| GB2129855A (en) | 1984-05-23 |
| CH655530B (en) | 1986-04-30 |
| DE3339509A1 (en) | 1984-05-30 |
| GR79644B (en) | 1984-10-31 |
| NL8303614A (en) | 1984-06-01 |
| FR2535759A1 (en) | 1984-05-11 |
| ZA837999B (en) | 1984-06-27 |
| LU85072A1 (en) | 1984-04-02 |
| BR8305914A (en) | 1984-09-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US3540225A (en) | Construction pile and a method of producing same in situ | |
| CA1200111A (en) | Method of forming concrete piles and new preparatory pile therefor | |
| EP3318677B1 (en) | Method for forming a reinforced pile and use of an accessory therein | |
| AU2018250475B2 (en) | Methods and apparatuses for compacting soil and granular materials | |
| FI74762C (en) | Method and apparatus for the production of reinforced concrete piles made on site | |
| GB2329204A (en) | Earth auger | |
| EP0519575B1 (en) | Method of making a foundation pile | |
| RU2181410C2 (en) | Method for manufacture of cast-in-place reinforced piles | |
| GB2064625A (en) | Method of Hole Forming for Miniature Piles | |
| EP0937825A3 (en) | Method and apparatus for forming enlarged pile heads | |
| EP1362159B1 (en) | Shoe with earth formation disiplacing structure | |
| GB2293850A (en) | Cast in situ piles | |
| GB2157750A (en) | Improvements relating to cast-in-situ concrete pile construction | |
| RU2000114542A (en) | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING IN THE SOIL OF STACKED REINFORCED PILES | |
| JPS6146609B2 (en) | ||
| GB2062048A (en) | Concrete fencing post | |
| US3279196A (en) | Pile construction | |
| SU1677180A1 (en) | Method of manufacturing reinforced cast-in-place pile | |
| RU2204653C2 (en) | Pile | |
| JP3673841B2 (en) | Guide pipe for construction of permanent ground anchor, etc. and method for construction of continuous underground wall using the guide pipe | |
| SU1308712A1 (en) | Apparatus for making cast-in-place piles | |
| CN116988736B (en) | Hole guiding vibroflotation process of composite foundation | |
| CN110185034B (en) | Piling equipment suitable for desert geological conditions and construction method | |
| JP3697641B2 (en) | Hollow pile for excavation | |
| JP2010209601A (en) | Apparatus for constructing concrete pile, and method for constructing cast-in-place concrete pile using the same |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |