CA1190376A - Heat-insulating covering applied against walls of buildings and a method of application of said covering - Google Patents
Heat-insulating covering applied against walls of buildings and a method of application of said coveringInfo
- Publication number
- CA1190376A CA1190376A CA000418756A CA418756A CA1190376A CA 1190376 A CA1190376 A CA 1190376A CA 000418756 A CA000418756 A CA 000418756A CA 418756 A CA418756 A CA 418756A CA 1190376 A CA1190376 A CA 1190376A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- plates
- heat
- layer
- covering
- insulating covering
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SMVRDGHCVNAOIN-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;1-dodecoxydodecane;sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCCCCCC SMVRDGHCVNAOIN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- DGSDBJMBHCQYGN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-ethylhexyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COS([O-])(=O)=O DGSDBJMBHCQYGN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PROZFBRPPCAADD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl but-3-enoate Chemical compound C=CCC(=O)OC=C PROZFBRPPCAADD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003829 resin cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006186 water-soluble synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012866 water-soluble synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5076—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with masses bonded by inorganic cements
- C04B41/5089—Silica sols, alkyl, ammonium or alkali metal silicate cements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
- E04F13/04—Bases for plaster
Abstract
A HEAT-INSULATING COVERING APPLIED
AGAINST WALLS OF BUILDINGS AND A METHOD
OF APPLICATION OF SAID COVERING
Abstract of the Disclosure A covering for heat and sound insulation applied to external or internal surfaces of walls of buildings comprises plates of expanded material bonded to the walls by means of an internal layer of adhesive material. The adhesive material also forms an external layer on the plates and fills the interstices between the plates so as to form a connecting frame between the wall and the outer layer. The material is endowed with a sufficient degree of elasticity and mechanical strength to accommodate dimensional variations of the plates.
AGAINST WALLS OF BUILDINGS AND A METHOD
OF APPLICATION OF SAID COVERING
Abstract of the Disclosure A covering for heat and sound insulation applied to external or internal surfaces of walls of buildings comprises plates of expanded material bonded to the walls by means of an internal layer of adhesive material. The adhesive material also forms an external layer on the plates and fills the interstices between the plates so as to form a connecting frame between the wall and the outer layer. The material is endowed with a sufficient degree of elasticity and mechanical strength to accommodate dimensional variations of the plates.
Description
'7~
This invention reIates to a heat-insulating coverin~ applied against the ex-ternal or internal surface of walls of buildings such as dwelling houses or factories.
The invention is also directed to a method for applying said covering against the walls aforesaid.
One type of heat-insulating covering which is already known consists of plates of expanded polystyrene bonded to the walls by means of a layer consisting of a mixture of synthetic resin and cement, said plates being covered with another layer of the same mixture~
The plates mentioned above are placed against each other without any gaps between their edges.
Against the layer which covers the external face of the plates, there is applied a reinforcement consisting, for example, of glass-fiber fabric, the function of which is to acco~nodate dimensional variations of polystyrene plates and to prevent crack formation at locations corre-sponding to the edges of -the plates.
Said glass-fiber fabric reinforcement is covered with a second layer consisting of a mixture of synthetic resin and cement, said second layer being in turn covered with an outer sealing coat.
The disadvantage of this type Oc covering essentially lies in the fact that the use of the above-mentioned reinforcement constitutes a basic requirement.
This reinforcement consequently increases the time required ~` ~
This invention reIates to a heat-insulating coverin~ applied against the ex-ternal or internal surface of walls of buildings such as dwelling houses or factories.
The invention is also directed to a method for applying said covering against the walls aforesaid.
One type of heat-insulating covering which is already known consists of plates of expanded polystyrene bonded to the walls by means of a layer consisting of a mixture of synthetic resin and cement, said plates being covered with another layer of the same mixture~
The plates mentioned above are placed against each other without any gaps between their edges.
Against the layer which covers the external face of the plates, there is applied a reinforcement consisting, for example, of glass-fiber fabric, the function of which is to acco~nodate dimensional variations of polystyrene plates and to prevent crack formation at locations corre-sponding to the edges of -the plates.
Said glass-fiber fabric reinforcement is covered with a second layer consisting of a mixture of synthetic resin and cement, said second layer being in turn covered with an outer sealing coat.
The disadvantage of this type Oc covering essentially lies in the fact that the use of the above-mentioned reinforcement constitutes a basic requirement.
This reinforcement consequently increases the time required ~` ~
-2- ~
in man-hours :Eor the fabrication of the covering. This leads to a substantial increase in total cost of the covering and therefore of the heat-insulating material.
Fur-thermore, the synthetic resin-cement mixture employed for bonding and covering the plates of polystyrene has poor heat~
insulating properties and therefore has an unfavorable inEluence on the desired properties of the covering.
The objeck of the present invention is to overcome this disadvantage by providing a covering which has a base of plates of expanded material and avoids -the need to use a reinforcement of the type mentioned in the foregoing.
The covering contemplated by the invention and applied to the external surface of walls of buildings comprises plates o:E
expanded material bonded to the walls by means of a layer of adhesive material comprising a synthetic resin and at leas-t one hydraulic binder, said plates being covered externally with another layer of said material.
In particular~ the present invention provides a heat-insulating covering applied against the external or internal sur-face of walls of buildings, comprising plates of expanded materialbonded to the walls by means of a layer of adhesive material com-prising a synthetic resin and at least one hydrauIic binder, said plates being covered externally with another layer of said material, wherein said material comprises compounds which are capable of endowing it with a sufficient degree of elasticity and mechanical strength to accommodate dimensional variations of the plates and \
wherein said ma-terial also fills -the interstices which are left between the adjacent edges of the plates so as to form a frame around said plates and to provide a direct connection between the wall and the outer layer.
In accordance with the invention, the distinc-tive feature of the method lies in the fact that -the material afore-said comprises compounds which are capable of endowlng it with a suf:Eicient degree of elasticity to accommodate dimensional varia-tions of the plates and in the ~act that said material also fills the interstices or gaps which exist between the adjacent edges of the plates.
; -3a-. .; .
.~ 7~
By virtue of the elasti.city and mechanical strength oE said material which covers the two opposi.te faces of the plates and surrounds these latter, dimensional variations of the plates are directly absorbed b~ said material, with the result that the use of a reinforcement such as a glass-fiber fabric no longer serves any useful purpose.
The cost of the covering in both starting material and labor is thus considerably lower than that of known designs since the covering in accordance with the invention can be placed in position without any need to make allowance for drying time.
The plates of expanded material are preferably made of expanded polystyrene but can also be made of rigid polyurethane foam or any other insulating material.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the adhesive material comprises compounds which react with each other at the moment of application of said material so as to form gas bubbles.
Said gas bubbl.es formed within the ma-terial at the time of hardening of said material endow this latter with the desired elasticity in addition to good mechanical strength. Furthermore, the gas bubbles mentioned above serve to provide the material with excellent heat insul.ating properties, which was not the case with the mixtures of synthetic resin and cement employed heretofore.
The la~er of material in accordance with the invention is also impervious to liquids and to gases.
The material under consideration can be of the type described in French patent No 2,442,~08.
In order to form the covering in accordance with the inventlon, a layer of the aforementioned material is applied on the walls of a bui:lding by spraying, for example ; the plates of expanded plastic material are placed against said layer so as to ensure that gaps are left between the edges of said plates and vary in width from 1 to 3 mm according to the thickness of the plates ;
said gaps are filled with said material and the external surface of the plates is covered with a continuous layer of said material having a thickness of 1 to 3 mm.
This method is particularly rapid and straight-forward by reason of the fact that the material employed serves both to bond the plates to the walls and to cover them externally. Furthermore, the material also performs the function of reinforcement which provides a direct connection between the wall and the outer layer, thus ensuring stability of the covering, even in the case of plates having very large surface areas. Thus :it is un-necessary to incorporate a reinforcement in the outer layer or to cover this latter with a sealing coatO
The material employed in the method according to the invention can be applied very rapidly by spraying.
.
"
~ ~3~'7~;
Other features of -the invention will be more apparent upon consideration of the following description and accompanying drawings~ wherein :
- FigO l is a transverse sectional view of a wall provided with a covering in accordance with the invention ;
- Fi~. 2 is a plan view of the covering prior to application of the outer layer and showing the material which fills the gaps and thus constitutes a reinforcement framework.
In the embodiment shown in the figures, the heat-insulat.ing covering applied to the external surface of the wall 1 which may be of stone, bricks, building blocks or concrete with or without an outer coat is made up of plates 2 of expanded polystyrene which are bonded to the wall 1 by means of a layer 3 of adhesive material and covered externally with another layer 4 of said material.
The dimensions of the plates 2 can be l x l m or l x 2 m, for example~
In accordance with the invention, the material constituting the layers 3 and 4 comprises compounds which are capable of endowing it with a sufficient degree of elasticity and mechanical strength to accommodate dimensional variations of the plates 2 without any attendant danger of crack formation.
Furthermoret said material fills the gaps 5 &~
between the plates 2 and forms a highly resistant strengthening frame.
The elasticity and heat-insulating properties oE this material are obtained by virtue of the fact that it comprises two compounds which, at the moment of applica~
tion of said material, reac-t with each other so as to form gas bubbles within said material. These two compounds can be respectively an anionic agent such as sodium lauryl ether sulfate and an alkyl sulfate such as sodium ethyl-hexyl sulfate~
The water-soluble synthetic resin contained in the material can be a vinyl vinyl-versatate acetate copolymer or a vinyl vinyl-acetate acrylic-versatate ester terpolymer.
The material which forms the layers 3 and 4 and fills the interstices 5 contains by way of example both liquid and solid constituents which are listed hereunder and are mixed just before use :
Liquid con~stituent :
Resin : 2 to 20 % by weight Sodium lauryl ether sulfate : 2 to lO % by weight Mineral fibers : 10 to 30 % by weight Wetting agent (nonylphenolpolyoxyethylenated) : l to 5 % by weight Antirust stabilizing agent (isopropalamine cekanoate) : l to 5 % by weight ~ater : 40 to 60 % by weight 7~
Solid constituent :
. . ~
Plaster : 40 to 60 ~ by weight Sodium ethylhexyl sulfate : 2 to lO % by weight Sulfate (or phospha-te of aluminum) : 5 to lO
by weight Methylcellulose modified with mineral fillers :
1 to 5 % by weight Vermiculite : 20 to 40 ~ by weight.
A material of this type has been described in French patent No 2,442,808 within the scope of its application to sound and heat insulation of machines or residential premises.
In order to fabricate the heat-insulating covering described in the foregoing, the method of operation is as follows -The initial step of the method consists in mixing the two constituents of the aforementioned material in sub-stantially equal parts. This mixture must be employed fairly rapidly since it hardens in approximately two hours.
The mixture thus obtained is projected onto the wall l in one or a number of successive passes in order to obtain a layer 3 having a thickness within the range of 1 to 5 mm, depending on the amplitude oE surface irregular-ities of the wall 1. This layer is strongly adherent and performs the function of a vapor shield by virtue of its Eluid tight properties.
::
Without waiting for said layer 3 to harden, the plates 2 of expanded polystyrene are applied against said layer in such a manner as to leave interstices 5 eqwal in width to approximately l or 2 cm between the edges of said plates. Said interstices 5 may be adjustecl with precision if necessary by means oE packing-pieces or shims fitted at intervals between the plates 2.
The material is then sprayed into said inter-stices 5 in order to fill them completely. In the course of the same operation, said material is also sprayed onto the external surface of the plates 2 in order to cover them with a layer 4 having a thickness within the range of 1 to 6 mm approximately.
In a period of a few hours after the beginning of the operation, the covering thus obtained has completely hardened.
Hardening is obtained by the setting reaction of plaster in the presence of water. During the hardening process, the anionic agent (constituted by sodium lauryl-ether-sulfate) reacts with sodium ethylhexyl sulfate by forming gas hubbles which are trapped within the material, thus producing expansion of said material and providing this latter with a closed-cell structure.
This cellular structure endows the material with remarkable heat-insulating properties as well as elasticity and excellent mechanical strength, with the result that 7~
said material absorbs dimensional variations of the poly-s-tyrene plates arising from temperatu:re varia-tions and thus prevents crack formation of the outer layer ~
without any need to strengthen this latter with a rein-forcement such as a glass-fiber fabric.
The covering thus obtained is endowed not only with excellent heat-insulating power but also with sound insuLation while having good resistance to aging caused by exposure to weather conditi.ons and in particular to frost, solar radiati.on, and so ona The method in accordance with the invention also permits self-bonding of insulating plates by means of the adhesive materialO By applying said material to the internal and external surfaces and between the plates, the covering is thus endowed with excellent mechanical strength which guarantees highly reliable service over a very long period of time.
The method in accordance with the invention also ma~es it possible to carry out local repairs on one 2Q or a number of plates without in ~ny way affecting the wall covering as a whole.
It is also worthy of note that the adhesive material endows the coveriny with excellent mechanical resistance to impacts and with a high standard of imper-viousness with respect to bad weather conditions.
in man-hours :Eor the fabrication of the covering. This leads to a substantial increase in total cost of the covering and therefore of the heat-insulating material.
Fur-thermore, the synthetic resin-cement mixture employed for bonding and covering the plates of polystyrene has poor heat~
insulating properties and therefore has an unfavorable inEluence on the desired properties of the covering.
The objeck of the present invention is to overcome this disadvantage by providing a covering which has a base of plates of expanded material and avoids -the need to use a reinforcement of the type mentioned in the foregoing.
The covering contemplated by the invention and applied to the external surface of walls of buildings comprises plates o:E
expanded material bonded to the walls by means of a layer of adhesive material comprising a synthetic resin and at leas-t one hydraulic binder, said plates being covered externally with another layer of said material.
In particular~ the present invention provides a heat-insulating covering applied against the external or internal sur-face of walls of buildings, comprising plates of expanded materialbonded to the walls by means of a layer of adhesive material com-prising a synthetic resin and at least one hydrauIic binder, said plates being covered externally with another layer of said material, wherein said material comprises compounds which are capable of endowing it with a sufficient degree of elasticity and mechanical strength to accommodate dimensional variations of the plates and \
wherein said ma-terial also fills -the interstices which are left between the adjacent edges of the plates so as to form a frame around said plates and to provide a direct connection between the wall and the outer layer.
In accordance with the invention, the distinc-tive feature of the method lies in the fact that -the material afore-said comprises compounds which are capable of endowlng it with a suf:Eicient degree of elasticity to accommodate dimensional varia-tions of the plates and in the ~act that said material also fills the interstices or gaps which exist between the adjacent edges of the plates.
; -3a-. .; .
.~ 7~
By virtue of the elasti.city and mechanical strength oE said material which covers the two opposi.te faces of the plates and surrounds these latter, dimensional variations of the plates are directly absorbed b~ said material, with the result that the use of a reinforcement such as a glass-fiber fabric no longer serves any useful purpose.
The cost of the covering in both starting material and labor is thus considerably lower than that of known designs since the covering in accordance with the invention can be placed in position without any need to make allowance for drying time.
The plates of expanded material are preferably made of expanded polystyrene but can also be made of rigid polyurethane foam or any other insulating material.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the adhesive material comprises compounds which react with each other at the moment of application of said material so as to form gas bubbles.
Said gas bubbl.es formed within the ma-terial at the time of hardening of said material endow this latter with the desired elasticity in addition to good mechanical strength. Furthermore, the gas bubbles mentioned above serve to provide the material with excellent heat insul.ating properties, which was not the case with the mixtures of synthetic resin and cement employed heretofore.
The la~er of material in accordance with the invention is also impervious to liquids and to gases.
The material under consideration can be of the type described in French patent No 2,442,~08.
In order to form the covering in accordance with the inventlon, a layer of the aforementioned material is applied on the walls of a bui:lding by spraying, for example ; the plates of expanded plastic material are placed against said layer so as to ensure that gaps are left between the edges of said plates and vary in width from 1 to 3 mm according to the thickness of the plates ;
said gaps are filled with said material and the external surface of the plates is covered with a continuous layer of said material having a thickness of 1 to 3 mm.
This method is particularly rapid and straight-forward by reason of the fact that the material employed serves both to bond the plates to the walls and to cover them externally. Furthermore, the material also performs the function of reinforcement which provides a direct connection between the wall and the outer layer, thus ensuring stability of the covering, even in the case of plates having very large surface areas. Thus :it is un-necessary to incorporate a reinforcement in the outer layer or to cover this latter with a sealing coatO
The material employed in the method according to the invention can be applied very rapidly by spraying.
.
"
~ ~3~'7~;
Other features of -the invention will be more apparent upon consideration of the following description and accompanying drawings~ wherein :
- FigO l is a transverse sectional view of a wall provided with a covering in accordance with the invention ;
- Fi~. 2 is a plan view of the covering prior to application of the outer layer and showing the material which fills the gaps and thus constitutes a reinforcement framework.
In the embodiment shown in the figures, the heat-insulat.ing covering applied to the external surface of the wall 1 which may be of stone, bricks, building blocks or concrete with or without an outer coat is made up of plates 2 of expanded polystyrene which are bonded to the wall 1 by means of a layer 3 of adhesive material and covered externally with another layer 4 of said material.
The dimensions of the plates 2 can be l x l m or l x 2 m, for example~
In accordance with the invention, the material constituting the layers 3 and 4 comprises compounds which are capable of endowing it with a sufficient degree of elasticity and mechanical strength to accommodate dimensional variations of the plates 2 without any attendant danger of crack formation.
Furthermoret said material fills the gaps 5 &~
between the plates 2 and forms a highly resistant strengthening frame.
The elasticity and heat-insulating properties oE this material are obtained by virtue of the fact that it comprises two compounds which, at the moment of applica~
tion of said material, reac-t with each other so as to form gas bubbles within said material. These two compounds can be respectively an anionic agent such as sodium lauryl ether sulfate and an alkyl sulfate such as sodium ethyl-hexyl sulfate~
The water-soluble synthetic resin contained in the material can be a vinyl vinyl-versatate acetate copolymer or a vinyl vinyl-acetate acrylic-versatate ester terpolymer.
The material which forms the layers 3 and 4 and fills the interstices 5 contains by way of example both liquid and solid constituents which are listed hereunder and are mixed just before use :
Liquid con~stituent :
Resin : 2 to 20 % by weight Sodium lauryl ether sulfate : 2 to lO % by weight Mineral fibers : 10 to 30 % by weight Wetting agent (nonylphenolpolyoxyethylenated) : l to 5 % by weight Antirust stabilizing agent (isopropalamine cekanoate) : l to 5 % by weight ~ater : 40 to 60 % by weight 7~
Solid constituent :
. . ~
Plaster : 40 to 60 ~ by weight Sodium ethylhexyl sulfate : 2 to lO % by weight Sulfate (or phospha-te of aluminum) : 5 to lO
by weight Methylcellulose modified with mineral fillers :
1 to 5 % by weight Vermiculite : 20 to 40 ~ by weight.
A material of this type has been described in French patent No 2,442,808 within the scope of its application to sound and heat insulation of machines or residential premises.
In order to fabricate the heat-insulating covering described in the foregoing, the method of operation is as follows -The initial step of the method consists in mixing the two constituents of the aforementioned material in sub-stantially equal parts. This mixture must be employed fairly rapidly since it hardens in approximately two hours.
The mixture thus obtained is projected onto the wall l in one or a number of successive passes in order to obtain a layer 3 having a thickness within the range of 1 to 5 mm, depending on the amplitude oE surface irregular-ities of the wall 1. This layer is strongly adherent and performs the function of a vapor shield by virtue of its Eluid tight properties.
::
Without waiting for said layer 3 to harden, the plates 2 of expanded polystyrene are applied against said layer in such a manner as to leave interstices 5 eqwal in width to approximately l or 2 cm between the edges of said plates. Said interstices 5 may be adjustecl with precision if necessary by means oE packing-pieces or shims fitted at intervals between the plates 2.
The material is then sprayed into said inter-stices 5 in order to fill them completely. In the course of the same operation, said material is also sprayed onto the external surface of the plates 2 in order to cover them with a layer 4 having a thickness within the range of 1 to 6 mm approximately.
In a period of a few hours after the beginning of the operation, the covering thus obtained has completely hardened.
Hardening is obtained by the setting reaction of plaster in the presence of water. During the hardening process, the anionic agent (constituted by sodium lauryl-ether-sulfate) reacts with sodium ethylhexyl sulfate by forming gas hubbles which are trapped within the material, thus producing expansion of said material and providing this latter with a closed-cell structure.
This cellular structure endows the material with remarkable heat-insulating properties as well as elasticity and excellent mechanical strength, with the result that 7~
said material absorbs dimensional variations of the poly-s-tyrene plates arising from temperatu:re varia-tions and thus prevents crack formation of the outer layer ~
without any need to strengthen this latter with a rein-forcement such as a glass-fiber fabric.
The covering thus obtained is endowed not only with excellent heat-insulating power but also with sound insuLation while having good resistance to aging caused by exposure to weather conditi.ons and in particular to frost, solar radiati.on, and so ona The method in accordance with the invention also permits self-bonding of insulating plates by means of the adhesive materialO By applying said material to the internal and external surfaces and between the plates, the covering is thus endowed with excellent mechanical strength which guarantees highly reliable service over a very long period of time.
The method in accordance with the invention also ma~es it possible to carry out local repairs on one 2Q or a number of plates without in ~ny way affecting the wall covering as a whole.
It is also worthy of note that the adhesive material endows the coveriny with excellent mechanical resistance to impacts and with a high standard of imper-viousness with respect to bad weather conditions.
3~7~;
As will be readily understood/ the inven-tion is not limited to the example described in the foregoing and a large number of modifications can accordingly be con~em-plated without thereby departing either from the scope or the spirit of the invention.
Thus the plates 2 can be replaced by an expanded material other than expanded polystyrene, such as rigid polyurethane foam or expanded glass.
Furthermore, the plaster contained in the material of the layers 3 and ~ can be replaced by or mixed with any other hydraulic binder which hardens in the presence of water, such as cement.
It is clearly possible to incorporate a colored pigment in the outer layer ~ in order to obtain the desired coloring or to incorporate stone in the form of granular particles in order to gi~e a granite-like appearance to conventional co~erings.
The plates 2 can also be bcnded to the wall 1 to be insulated by means of uniformly spaced studs of adhesi~e material which may be identical with or different from the material constituting the surrounding material and the outer covering of the plates.
In certain cases, an air gap could thus be formed between the wall 1 and the plates 2.
As will be readily understood, the covering in accordance with the invention can also be applied on the ' , .
inner ~ace of walls. Furthermore~ -the covering can be painted after finishing~
,
As will be readily understood/ the inven-tion is not limited to the example described in the foregoing and a large number of modifications can accordingly be con~em-plated without thereby departing either from the scope or the spirit of the invention.
Thus the plates 2 can be replaced by an expanded material other than expanded polystyrene, such as rigid polyurethane foam or expanded glass.
Furthermore, the plaster contained in the material of the layers 3 and ~ can be replaced by or mixed with any other hydraulic binder which hardens in the presence of water, such as cement.
It is clearly possible to incorporate a colored pigment in the outer layer ~ in order to obtain the desired coloring or to incorporate stone in the form of granular particles in order to gi~e a granite-like appearance to conventional co~erings.
The plates 2 can also be bcnded to the wall 1 to be insulated by means of uniformly spaced studs of adhesi~e material which may be identical with or different from the material constituting the surrounding material and the outer covering of the plates.
In certain cases, an air gap could thus be formed between the wall 1 and the plates 2.
As will be readily understood, the covering in accordance with the invention can also be applied on the ' , .
inner ~ace of walls. Furthermore~ -the covering can be painted after finishing~
,
Claims (8)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A heat-insulating covering applied against the external or internal surface of walls of buildings, comprising plates of expanded material bonded to the walls by means of a layer of adhesive material comprising a synthetic resin and at least one hydraulic binder, said plates being covered externally with another layer of said material, wherein said material comprises compounds which are capable of endowing it with a sufficient degree of elasticity and mechanical strength to accommodate dimensional variations of the plates and wherein said material also fills the interstices which are left between the adjacent edges of the plates so as to form a frame around said plates and to provide a direct connection between the wall and the outer layer.
2. A heat-insulating covering according to claim 1, wherein the plates are constituted by polystyrene or expanded glass.
3. A heat-insulating covering according to claim 1, wherein said material comprises compounds which react with each other at the moment of application of said material so as to form gas bubbles which are occluded within said material.
4. A heat-insulating covering according to claim 3, wherein said compounds are constituted by an anionic agent and an alkyl-sulfate.
5. A heat-insulating covering according to claim 3, wherein said material comprises a mixture of synthetic resin, of sodiumlauryl-ether-sulfate and water to which is added a mixture of plaster and sodium ethyl-hexyl sulfate at the moment of use.
6. A method of forming the heat-insulating covering according to claim 5, wherein a layer of said material is applied to the walls of a building, the plates of expanded plastic material are placed against said layer so as to ensure that interstices are left between the edges of the plates, said interstices are filled with said material and the external surface of the plates is covered with a layer consisting of said material in an uninterrupted operation.
7. A method according to claim 6, wherein the material is applied by spraying.
8. A method according to claim 6, wherein said material is applied shortly after incorporating the compounds which react with each other so as to form gas bubbles.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8200957 | 1982-01-22 | ||
| FR8200957A FR2520406A1 (en) | 1982-01-22 | 1982-01-22 | THERMALLY INSULATING COATING APPLIED ON BUILDING WALLS AND METHOD OF USE |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1190376A true CA1190376A (en) | 1985-07-16 |
Family
ID=9270219
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000418756A Expired CA1190376A (en) | 1982-01-22 | 1982-12-30 | Heat-insulating covering applied against walls of buildings and a method of application of said covering |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0086681B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE12803T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1190376A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3360118D1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2520406A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7906205B2 (en) * | 2004-02-11 | 2011-03-15 | Rockwool International A/S | Sound absorbing structures |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH678709A5 (en) * | 1989-07-14 | 1991-10-31 | Isover S A | |
| FR2654130B1 (en) * | 1989-11-03 | 1995-05-05 | Prolifix Sa | PRODUCT FOR THE PREPARATION OF A COATING, AND EXTERIOR INSULATION COATING MADE WITH SUCH A COATING. |
| WO1992010624A1 (en) * | 1990-12-12 | 1992-06-25 | Kenitex S.A. | Method for fastening an element to a surface in order to increase the overall heat insulation coefficient of a building wall |
| US8051611B2 (en) | 2005-06-24 | 2011-11-08 | Dryvit Systems, Inc. | Exterior insulation and finish system and method and tool for installing same |
| DE102007040938B4 (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2023-09-21 | Remmers Baustofftechnik Gmbh | Wall structure and thermal insulation board |
| EP2765251B1 (en) | 2013-02-12 | 2016-12-28 | Daw Se | Plate-shaped thermal insulation composite and thermal insulation composite area, in particular thermal insulation panel area, comprising plate-shaped thermal insulation composites, process for the preparation of thermal insulation composites, and use of thermal insulation composites for the thermal insulation of buildings |
| EP2860319A1 (en) | 2013-10-11 | 2015-04-15 | Daw Se | Thermal insulation composite and thermal insulation composite area and wall structure, comprising the thermal insulation composite or the thermal insulation composite area, and method for the preparation of wall structures |
| EP3031992B1 (en) | 2014-12-10 | 2018-02-14 | Daw Se | Thermal insulation composite and thermal insulation composite area and wall structure, comprising the thermal insulation composite or the thermal insulation composite area, and method for the preparation of wall structures |
| CN113653204B (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2022-11-25 | 上海天能保温防水工程有限公司 | Assembly type building external wall heat insulation structure and construction method thereof |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USB304809I5 (en) * | 1963-08-27 | |||
| DE1811316A1 (en) * | 1968-11-28 | 1970-06-18 | Heinrich Hebgen | Woven glass or asbestos fibre wall - covering fabric |
| FR2203919B1 (en) * | 1972-10-20 | 1975-03-14 | Gauthier Andre | |
| DE2645099A1 (en) * | 1976-10-04 | 1978-04-06 | Peter Puehringer | Thermal and noise insulation for concrete walls - has trapezoidal section elements held on support grille and embedded in wall |
| FR2442808A1 (en) * | 1979-02-09 | 1980-06-27 | Verre Tech | Sound and heat insulating compsn. - comprises liquid and solid parts, one contg. resin soln. and anionic cpd. and the other setting agent and bubble former |
| US4292783A (en) * | 1979-05-21 | 1981-10-06 | Mulvihill Dan R | Insulated building structure and method for making same |
-
1982
- 1982-01-22 FR FR8200957A patent/FR2520406A1/en active Granted
- 1982-12-30 CA CA000418756A patent/CA1190376A/en not_active Expired
-
1983
- 1983-01-14 EP EP83400094A patent/EP0086681B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-01-14 DE DE8383400094T patent/DE3360118D1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-01-14 AT AT83400094T patent/ATE12803T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-01-14 DE DE198383400094T patent/DE86681T1/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7906205B2 (en) * | 2004-02-11 | 2011-03-15 | Rockwool International A/S | Sound absorbing structures |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0086681A1 (en) | 1983-08-24 |
| FR2520406A1 (en) | 1983-07-29 |
| FR2520406B1 (en) | 1984-09-21 |
| EP0086681B1 (en) | 1985-04-17 |
| ATE12803T1 (en) | 1985-05-15 |
| DE86681T1 (en) | 1983-11-24 |
| DE3360118D1 (en) | 1985-05-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US3411256A (en) | Roof construction and method thereof | |
| US5319900A (en) | Finishing and roof deck systems containing fibrous mat-faced gypsum boards | |
| US5644880A (en) | Gypsum board and systems containing same | |
| US3763614A (en) | Roof construction | |
| US4252767A (en) | Composite building module | |
| US4469731A (en) | Composite insulating article for making prefabricated coverings | |
| CA1190376A (en) | Heat-insulating covering applied against walls of buildings and a method of application of said covering | |
| IE42358B1 (en) | Composite building module | |
| KR101942986B1 (en) | External insulation and waterproofing integral concrete structure using integral concrete type organic and inorganic hybrid water proofing compound and insulation material and the construction method thereof | |
| US3862527A (en) | Roof construction | |
| CA1258615A (en) | Process for coating a base material with an elastomer and product produced by such process | |
| US4019296A (en) | Facade clad buildings and method | |
| US4606168A (en) | Suspended insulated building exterior cladding | |
| US8287671B2 (en) | Vandalism-resistant insulating panels for building exteriors and building having vandalism-resistant thermally insulative walls | |
| USRE31007E (en) | Roof construction and method thereof | |
| US4071993A (en) | Construction material in sheet form and method of joining sheets edge-to-edge | |
| JPS6233378B2 (en) | ||
| GB1592096A (en) | Insulating materials | |
| JPH09195441A (en) | Manufacture of lightweight heat insulating waterproof panel | |
| JPS6344499Y2 (en) | ||
| CN214697168U (en) | Floor and wallboard mounting joint structure | |
| CN216516298U (en) | Double-layer plastering heat-insulation fireproof system for outer wall in severe cold area | |
| JPH0243436A (en) | Heat insulating joint structure | |
| CN212078459U (en) | Light durable protection plate for corrugated tile-hanging roof | |
| JP3045661U (en) | Gradient plate for ground on water gradient surface |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEC | Expiry (correction) | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |