CA1158833A - Centrifugal casting apparatus - Google Patents
Centrifugal casting apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- CA1158833A CA1158833A CA000363583A CA363583A CA1158833A CA 1158833 A CA1158833 A CA 1158833A CA 000363583 A CA000363583 A CA 000363583A CA 363583 A CA363583 A CA 363583A CA 1158833 A CA1158833 A CA 1158833A
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- mold
- screw
- melt
- opening
- helicoidally
- Prior art date
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Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A centrifugal casting apparatus for casting from a melt comprises a mold mounted for rotation about the vertical axis thereof and having a bottom provided with a through co-axial opening having vertical walls, a member having a helicoidally shaped surface, co-axially mounted within the mold for preventing shrink heads formation and having a lower portion extending through the opening outwardly and downwardly of the mold bottom, the member being adapted to be immersed into the melt for cleaning its surface from slag; a rotation drive connected with the mold and the member; and a vertical motion drive connected with the mold and the member.
A centrifugal casting apparatus for casting from a melt comprises a mold mounted for rotation about the vertical axis thereof and having a bottom provided with a through co-axial opening having vertical walls, a member having a helicoidally shaped surface, co-axially mounted within the mold for preventing shrink heads formation and having a lower portion extending through the opening outwardly and downwardly of the mold bottom, the member being adapted to be immersed into the melt for cleaning its surface from slag; a rotation drive connected with the mold and the member; and a vertical motion drive connected with the mold and the member.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. ~ield of the Invention -The present invention relates to processing equipment for casting articles and particularly to centrifugal cast-ing apparatus. Most advantageously the invention can beused in machine building and some other branches of indust-ry for centrifugal casting of articles ~rom ferrous and non-ferrous metals and also ~rom glass, plastics, and c ~a-mics.
1. ~ield of the Invention -The present invention relates to processing equipment for casting articles and particularly to centrifugal cast-ing apparatus. Most advantageously the invention can beused in machine building and some other branches of indust-ry for centrifugal casting of articles ~rom ferrous and non-ferrous metals and also ~rom glass, plastics, and c ~a-mics.
2. Descri~tion of the Prior Art Though the centrifugal casting has been ~nown and wi-dely used for a long period of time, there still exist dif-ficulties relating to ~illing the mould with a melt and proportioning the same. The ~act that a great number of patents concern; ng improvements in centrifugal casting ap-paratus have been recently granted to inventors in various countries sho~s that this problem is very urgent at pres-ent. Even now,in some enterprises, ~lds are manually ~illed ~ith a melt by pouring it from abo~e ~ith the aid of a dipper serving as a batch meter. The above procedure makes it possible to accurately measure out the batches of the melt without any special equipment and to rule out the formation of crusts on the outer sur~ace o~ the mould.
However, this same procedure fails to provide ~Qr a high 2~ e~ficiency of the production process and is very labor--consuming.
Known in the æ t are apparatus which allow proportion-ing the melt and filling the molds therewith to be mechani-zed and, to some extent, automatized. In particular, there 3o is kno~n a centrifugal casting apparatus comprising a mold mounted for rotation about its vertical axis and having a bottom provided with an axial sprue channel (see French Patent No. 1,587,187, Int. Cl. B 22 D 13/00). In direct communication v~ith the sprue channel is a siphon tubing ex-tending therefrom into the melt contained in a crucible.~he melt is delivered into the mold through thc siphon tub-ing by an electromagnetic pump or a vacuum pump.
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l 158~3 The mold being filled with the melt, a casting starts to solidify around its periphery and at the same time is fed wi-th the portion ol the melt contained in the siphon tubing. Owing to the-large diameter of the siphon t~ing and 5 the presence of a heat insulating material, this of the metal solidified last to form a shrinkage head. It is clear that this shrinka~e head is ~o be re~oved to obt-ain a finished product, which removal involves additional expenditures and irretrievaole losses of the p~ocess raw material. In addition, electromagnetic pumps are unusable for casting plastics, glass, and ceramics, while vacuum pumps are inefficiant for casting high density materials.
~ no~n in the art is also a centri~ugal casting appara-tus wherein a melt is delivered into a mold by centri~ugal forces, as described in USSR Inventor's Certificate No. 520,181, Int. Cl.2 B 22 D 13/10. r~his apparatus compr-ises a mold mounted ~or rotation about the vertical axis thereof and having a bottom provided with a through axial opening. At the opening in the bottom there is disposed a means adapted to be partiall~ immersed into the melt for feeding the latter into the mold. This means is made in the form of a collet secured to the bottom of the mold and hav-ing an upwardl~ expanding channel. The mold and collet are -connected with a rotation drive and a vertical motion drive.
By lowering the mold being rotated the collet is immersed into the melt which, under the action of centrifugal forces, ascends through the channel in the collet and fills the mo-uld. Then the assembly of the mold and collet is raised; as this takes place, the maJor part of the melt pours down from the collet into the dispensing crucible. ~owever a part of the melt inevitably remains in -the collet, which impairs the accuracy of the proportioning and loads to the formation of a shrinkage head. It will be understood that the removal of the shrinkage head involves additional exp-enditures and irretlicv~ osses of the process raw mate-rial. In addition, the a'~ove apparatus suffers from another drawback which consists in that slag inevitably gets into
However, this same procedure fails to provide ~Qr a high 2~ e~ficiency of the production process and is very labor--consuming.
Known in the æ t are apparatus which allow proportion-ing the melt and filling the molds therewith to be mechani-zed and, to some extent, automatized. In particular, there 3o is kno~n a centrifugal casting apparatus comprising a mold mounted for rotation about its vertical axis and having a bottom provided with an axial sprue channel (see French Patent No. 1,587,187, Int. Cl. B 22 D 13/00). In direct communication v~ith the sprue channel is a siphon tubing ex-tending therefrom into the melt contained in a crucible.~he melt is delivered into the mold through thc siphon tub-ing by an electromagnetic pump or a vacuum pump.
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l 158~3 The mold being filled with the melt, a casting starts to solidify around its periphery and at the same time is fed wi-th the portion ol the melt contained in the siphon tubing. Owing to the-large diameter of the siphon t~ing and 5 the presence of a heat insulating material, this of the metal solidified last to form a shrinkage head. It is clear that this shrinka~e head is ~o be re~oved to obt-ain a finished product, which removal involves additional expenditures and irretrievaole losses of the p~ocess raw material. In addition, electromagnetic pumps are unusable for casting plastics, glass, and ceramics, while vacuum pumps are inefficiant for casting high density materials.
~ no~n in the art is also a centri~ugal casting appara-tus wherein a melt is delivered into a mold by centri~ugal forces, as described in USSR Inventor's Certificate No. 520,181, Int. Cl.2 B 22 D 13/10. r~his apparatus compr-ises a mold mounted ~or rotation about the vertical axis thereof and having a bottom provided with a through axial opening. At the opening in the bottom there is disposed a means adapted to be partiall~ immersed into the melt for feeding the latter into the mold. This means is made in the form of a collet secured to the bottom of the mold and hav-ing an upwardl~ expanding channel. The mold and collet are -connected with a rotation drive and a vertical motion drive.
By lowering the mold being rotated the collet is immersed into the melt which, under the action of centrifugal forces, ascends through the channel in the collet and fills the mo-uld. Then the assembly of the mold and collet is raised; as this takes place, the maJor part of the melt pours down from the collet into the dispensing crucible. ~owever a part of the melt inevitably remains in -the collet, which impairs the accuracy of the proportioning and loads to the formation of a shrinkage head. It will be understood that the removal of the shrinkage head involves additional exp-enditures and irretlicv~ osses of the process raw mate-rial. In addition, the a'~ove apparatus suffers from another drawback which consists in that slag inevitably gets into
3 --~ ` I 1588~3 the mold thereb~ adversely a~fecting the quality of the castings .
SU~ RY OF ~ Æ I~EN~ION
~he principal object of the invention is to provide a centrifugal casting apparatus which prevents the formation of a shrinkage head.
Another objec~ of the invention is to improve the ac-curacy of melt proportioning and to reduce the con~umptio~
of process raw materials.
Another importan~ object of the present invention is to provide a centrifugal casting apparatus which prevents the contamination of the mold with slag.
An additional obiect of the invention is to improve the quality of castings produced by centrifugal castings.
Another object of the invention is to preclude the formation of segregations in castings in the course of cen-trifugal casting of alloys.
Still another important object of the present inve~-tion is to provide for a higher rate of filling the mold with a melt during the centrifugal casting process.
These and other objects of the present invention are attained in a centrifugal casting apparatus comprising a mold mounted for rotation about the vertical axis thereof and having a bottom provided with a through axial opening, a means for feeding a melt into the mold, disposed at the entrance to the opening in the bottom and adapted to be partially immersed Lnto the melt, a rotation drive connect-ed ~ith the mold and said means for feeding a melt, and a ~ertical motion drive for vertically moving the mold and said means, wherein, accordin~ to the inventio~, the means for feedinæ a melt into the mold i~ a member having a heli-coidally shaped surface, axially mounted within the opening in the bottom and having a lower portion extending out of the opening and do~nwardly of the bottom o, the mold.
~5 The above arrangement enables the inner surface of the openin~ in the bo~tom to be disposed vertically so that no melt remains on ~he vertical surface of the opening when the mold is raised, ~hich rules out ~he formation of a
SU~ RY OF ~ Æ I~EN~ION
~he principal object of the invention is to provide a centrifugal casting apparatus which prevents the formation of a shrinkage head.
Another objec~ of the invention is to improve the ac-curacy of melt proportioning and to reduce the con~umptio~
of process raw materials.
Another importan~ object of the present invention is to provide a centrifugal casting apparatus which prevents the contamination of the mold with slag.
An additional obiect of the invention is to improve the quality of castings produced by centrifugal castings.
Another object of the invention is to preclude the formation of segregations in castings in the course of cen-trifugal casting of alloys.
Still another important object of the present inve~-tion is to provide for a higher rate of filling the mold with a melt during the centrifugal casting process.
These and other objects of the present invention are attained in a centrifugal casting apparatus comprising a mold mounted for rotation about the vertical axis thereof and having a bottom provided with a through axial opening, a means for feeding a melt into the mold, disposed at the entrance to the opening in the bottom and adapted to be partially immersed Lnto the melt, a rotation drive connect-ed ~ith the mold and said means for feeding a melt, and a ~ertical motion drive for vertically moving the mold and said means, wherein, accordin~ to the inventio~, the means for feedinæ a melt into the mold i~ a member having a heli-coidally shaped surface, axially mounted within the opening in the bottom and having a lower portion extending out of the opening and do~nwardly of the bottom o, the mold.
~5 The above arrangement enables the inner surface of the openin~ in the bo~tom to be disposed vertically so that no melt remains on ~he vertical surface of the opening when the mold is raised, ~hich rules out ~he formation of a
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l 158833 shrinka~e head. It is also to be noted that while lovJering the mold, the lower portion of said member comes into con-tact with the melt, which member, owing to its rotation, throws the slag aside and thus clears the surface of the melt therefrom. In this way, the possibility of contamina-tion of t~e mold with the slag is excluded, which improve~
the ~uality o, the produced castings.
It is expedient that the member having a helicoidally shaped surface be constructed in the form oi a screw.
The best results are attained ~here the ratio betwee~
the diameter of said screw and the diameter of the opening in the bottom is 0.1 to 1.
Structurally, the simplest embodiment is a modification of the centri*uOal casting apparatus, wherein said member~is made in the form of a helicoidally shaped plate which is --n essentially a screw.
~here the mold is tall~ it is advisa~Ie that the lenOth of the screw be equal to the height of the mold thus allowing the melt filling the mold to be evenly distributed over the whole inner sur~ace thereof.
A high rate of filling the mold with a melt is provi-ded by a modification of the centrifugal casting apparatus wherein the ~light of the screw is made in the iorm oi a tube havin6 an open lower end and an open upper end.
High efficiency of the centrifugal casting process is also provided for by a modification of the apparatus wher-ein the screYJ is a multiple-start one.
It has bee~ found that the number of ~lights of the ~cre~ should preferably correspond to from 2 to 6 starts.
It is advisable that the ~cre~ be made hollow and filled with a cooling medium. ~his maXes it possible to equalize the temperature of the screw throughout its whole length and thus to prevent the distortion or failure there-of caused by thermal strain. In addition, it i~ possible in this case to make the screw from an inexpensive structural steel and to employ it for manufacturinO steel casting.
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It has been found that no segregations occur in the castings when the mold and screw rotate with different ~peeds. Therefore, it is advisable that the screw and the mold be differentially connected with the rotation drive.
In particular, it is advisable that the screw and the mold be mounted on the ends of coaxially arranged output shafts of a differential gear whose input shaft is connected with said rotation drive.
The best results are attained when the differential gear has a gear ratio which enables the ratio between the angular speed of the screw and that of the mold to be main-tained within the range of 1 to 2.
Simple in construction is a modification of the centrifugal casting apparatus wherein the member having a helically shaped surface is rigidly connected with the mold.
In another modification of the centrifugal casting apparatus this member is made in the form of helicoidally arranged protrusions on the inner surface of the opening in the bottom of the mold.
The above member may also be made in the form of an impeller whose blades are secured to the bottom of the mold.
The last two modifications of the centrifugal casting apparatus are useful in casting products from glass and ceramics.
In one aspect of the present invention there is provided a centrifugal casting apparatus for casting from a melt comprising a mold mounted for rotation about the vertical axis thereof and having a bottom provided with a through co-axial opening having vertical walls; a member having a helicoidally shaped surface, co-axially mounted within said mold for preventing shrink heads formation and having a lower portion extending through said opening out-wardly and downwardly of said mold bottom, said member ~35 being adapted to be immersed into said melt for cleaning its surface from slag; a rotation drive connected with said mold and said member; and a vertical motion drive connected with said mold and said member.
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1 ~5~3 ~RIEF D~SCRIPTION OF THE DRAWIMGS
The invention is illustrated hy way of example in the accompanying drawings, where~n:
Fig. 1 is a front elevational view, partly in section, showing the centrifugal casting apparatus of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partial, cross-sectional view of the apparatus wherein the member having a helicoidally shaped surface is a screw;
Fig. 3 is the same as Fig. 2 and shows an embodiment of the present invention wherein the member having a helicoidally shaped surface is made in the fo1-m of a helicoidally shaped plate, Fig. 4 is the same as Fig. 2 and shows an ernbodiment of the present invention wherein the length of the screw is equal to the height of the mold, Fig. 5 is the same as Fig. 2 and shows an embodi-ment of the present invention wherein the flight of the screw is made in the form of a tube;
Fig. 6 is the same as Fig. 2 and shown an embodi-ment of the present invention wherein the screw is a multiple-start one;
Fig. 7 is the same as Fig. 2 and shows an embodiment of the present invention wherein the screw is made hollow;
Fig~ ~, is the same as Fig. 2 and shows an embodiment of the present invention wherein the screw and the mold are differentially connected with the rotat:ion drive, Fig. 9 is the same as Fig. 2 and shows an embodi-ment of the present invention wherein the member having a helicoidally shaped surface is made in the form of heli-coidally arranged protrusions on the inner surface of the opening in the bottom of the mold;
Fig. 10 is the sarne as Fig. 2 and shows an embodiment of the present invention wherein the member having a helicoidally shaped surface is made in the form of an impeller.
l 15B8~3 Reference is now made of Fig. 1 showing a -centrifugal casting apparatus which comprises a mold 1 mounted for rotation about its vertical axis and having a bottom 2 provided with a throug~ axial opening. The mold 1 has also a detachable cover 3. Under the mold 1 there is disposed a dispensing crucible 4 containing a melt. A means for feeding a melt into the mold 1 is disposed at the entrance to the opening in the bottom 2 of the mold 1. According to the invention, said means for feeding a melt into the mold 1 is a member 5 having a helicoidally shaped surface 6. The member 5 is axial]y mounted within the opening in the bottom 2 and has a lower portion extending out of the opening and downwardly of the bottom 2 of the mold 1 and adapted to be immersed into the melt.
t 158833 The member 5 is operatively connected with a rotation drive 7 (the operative connection is shown by a dotted line 8). The mold 1 is also operatively connect~d with the rotation drive 7 by means of a shaft 9 secured to the cov-er 3 and disposed in a guide 10.
'~h3 rotation drive 7 is operatively co~nected with a vertical motion drive 11 which is made in the form of a power cylinder whose rod 12 is linked to the rotation drive 7.
Fig. 2 of the accompanying drawings shows an alterna-tive embodiment o~ the present invention wherein the member
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l 158833 shrinka~e head. It is also to be noted that while lovJering the mold, the lower portion of said member comes into con-tact with the melt, which member, owing to its rotation, throws the slag aside and thus clears the surface of the melt therefrom. In this way, the possibility of contamina-tion of t~e mold with the slag is excluded, which improve~
the ~uality o, the produced castings.
It is expedient that the member having a helicoidally shaped surface be constructed in the form oi a screw.
The best results are attained ~here the ratio betwee~
the diameter of said screw and the diameter of the opening in the bottom is 0.1 to 1.
Structurally, the simplest embodiment is a modification of the centri*uOal casting apparatus, wherein said member~is made in the form of a helicoidally shaped plate which is --n essentially a screw.
~here the mold is tall~ it is advisa~Ie that the lenOth of the screw be equal to the height of the mold thus allowing the melt filling the mold to be evenly distributed over the whole inner sur~ace thereof.
A high rate of filling the mold with a melt is provi-ded by a modification of the centrifugal casting apparatus wherein the ~light of the screw is made in the iorm oi a tube havin6 an open lower end and an open upper end.
High efficiency of the centrifugal casting process is also provided for by a modification of the apparatus wher-ein the screYJ is a multiple-start one.
It has bee~ found that the number of ~lights of the ~cre~ should preferably correspond to from 2 to 6 starts.
It is advisable that the ~cre~ be made hollow and filled with a cooling medium. ~his maXes it possible to equalize the temperature of the screw throughout its whole length and thus to prevent the distortion or failure there-of caused by thermal strain. In addition, it i~ possible in this case to make the screw from an inexpensive structural steel and to employ it for manufacturinO steel casting.
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It has been found that no segregations occur in the castings when the mold and screw rotate with different ~peeds. Therefore, it is advisable that the screw and the mold be differentially connected with the rotation drive.
In particular, it is advisable that the screw and the mold be mounted on the ends of coaxially arranged output shafts of a differential gear whose input shaft is connected with said rotation drive.
The best results are attained when the differential gear has a gear ratio which enables the ratio between the angular speed of the screw and that of the mold to be main-tained within the range of 1 to 2.
Simple in construction is a modification of the centrifugal casting apparatus wherein the member having a helically shaped surface is rigidly connected with the mold.
In another modification of the centrifugal casting apparatus this member is made in the form of helicoidally arranged protrusions on the inner surface of the opening in the bottom of the mold.
The above member may also be made in the form of an impeller whose blades are secured to the bottom of the mold.
The last two modifications of the centrifugal casting apparatus are useful in casting products from glass and ceramics.
In one aspect of the present invention there is provided a centrifugal casting apparatus for casting from a melt comprising a mold mounted for rotation about the vertical axis thereof and having a bottom provided with a through co-axial opening having vertical walls; a member having a helicoidally shaped surface, co-axially mounted within said mold for preventing shrink heads formation and having a lower portion extending through said opening out-wardly and downwardly of said mold bottom, said member ~35 being adapted to be immersed into said melt for cleaning its surface from slag; a rotation drive connected with said mold and said member; and a vertical motion drive connected with said mold and said member.
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1 ~5~3 ~RIEF D~SCRIPTION OF THE DRAWIMGS
The invention is illustrated hy way of example in the accompanying drawings, where~n:
Fig. 1 is a front elevational view, partly in section, showing the centrifugal casting apparatus of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partial, cross-sectional view of the apparatus wherein the member having a helicoidally shaped surface is a screw;
Fig. 3 is the same as Fig. 2 and shows an embodiment of the present invention wherein the member having a helicoidally shaped surface is made in the fo1-m of a helicoidally shaped plate, Fig. 4 is the same as Fig. 2 and shows an ernbodiment of the present invention wherein the length of the screw is equal to the height of the mold, Fig. 5 is the same as Fig. 2 and shows an embodi-ment of the present invention wherein the flight of the screw is made in the form of a tube;
Fig. 6 is the same as Fig. 2 and shown an embodi-ment of the present invention wherein the screw is a multiple-start one;
Fig. 7 is the same as Fig. 2 and shows an embodiment of the present invention wherein the screw is made hollow;
Fig~ ~, is the same as Fig. 2 and shows an embodiment of the present invention wherein the screw and the mold are differentially connected with the rotat:ion drive, Fig. 9 is the same as Fig. 2 and shows an embodi-ment of the present invention wherein the member having a helicoidally shaped surface is made in the form of heli-coidally arranged protrusions on the inner surface of the opening in the bottom of the mold;
Fig. 10 is the sarne as Fig. 2 and shows an embodiment of the present invention wherein the member having a helicoidally shaped surface is made in the form of an impeller.
l 15B8~3 Reference is now made of Fig. 1 showing a -centrifugal casting apparatus which comprises a mold 1 mounted for rotation about its vertical axis and having a bottom 2 provided with a throug~ axial opening. The mold 1 has also a detachable cover 3. Under the mold 1 there is disposed a dispensing crucible 4 containing a melt. A means for feeding a melt into the mold 1 is disposed at the entrance to the opening in the bottom 2 of the mold 1. According to the invention, said means for feeding a melt into the mold 1 is a member 5 having a helicoidally shaped surface 6. The member 5 is axial]y mounted within the opening in the bottom 2 and has a lower portion extending out of the opening and downwardly of the bottom 2 of the mold 1 and adapted to be immersed into the melt.
t 158833 The member 5 is operatively connected with a rotation drive 7 (the operative connection is shown by a dotted line 8). The mold 1 is also operatively connect~d with the rotation drive 7 by means of a shaft 9 secured to the cov-er 3 and disposed in a guide 10.
'~h3 rotation drive 7 is operatively co~nected with a vertical motion drive 11 which is made in the form of a power cylinder whose rod 12 is linked to the rotation drive 7.
Fig. 2 of the accompanying drawings shows an alterna-tive embodiment o~ the present invention wherein the member
5 having the helicoidally shaped surface 6 is, according to the invention, made in the form of a screw 13. ~he ratio between the diameter of the screw 13 and the diameter of the opening in the bottom 2 should preferably be 0.1 to 1.
Fig. 3 of the accompanying drawings shows an alternat-ive embodiment of the present invention wherein the member 5 having the helicoidally shaped sur~ace 6 is made,accord-ing to the invention, in the form of a helicoidally shaped plate 14 which is essentially a one-start screw.
Fig. 4 of the accompanying drawings shows an alternat-ive embodiment of the present invention wherein the length of the screw 13 is, according to the invention, equal to the height of the mold 1. ~his being the case, the screw 13 is rigidly secured to the cover 3 of the mold 1.
~ ig. 5 of the accompanying drawings shows an alternat-ive embodiment of the present inve~tion wherein the flight of the screw 13, accordiLg to the invention, is made in the form of a tube 15 having an open lower end 16 and an open upper end 17.
~ ig. 6 of the accompanying drawings shows an alternat-ive embodiment of the present invention wherein the screw 13, according to the invention, is made as a multiple-start one (in this case, two-start). The most pre~erable is a modifi-cation o~ the multi-start screw 13 provided with a number of flights which corresponds from 2 to 6 starts.
~ ig. 7 o~ the accompanying drawings shows an alternat-ive embodiment o~ the present invention wherein, according , .,: -`
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8~3 to tha in~ention9 the screw 1~ is Made hollow ~nd is filled with a cooling medium9 such as sodium.
Fig. 8 of the accompanying drawings shows an alter~at-ive embodiment of the invention wherein~ according to the in~ention, the screw 13 a~d the mold 1 are differentially connected v~ith the rotatio~ drive 7, tho screw 13 and -the mold 1 being respectively mounted on the ends of coaxially arranged output shafts 18 and 19 of a differen-tial gear 20.
~he output shafts 18 and 19 are disposed in the guide 10.
An input shaft 21 of the differential shaf~ 20 is co.~nected with the rotation drive 7 which~ in turn, is co~nected wi-th the vertical motion drive 11 by means of the rod 12. It is preferable that the differential gear 20, according to the invention, have a gear ratio which enables the ratio bet~ie-en the angular specd of the screw 13 and that of the mold 1to be maintained within the range of 1 to 2.
Fig. 9 of the accompanying drawings shows an alternat-ive embodiment of the irvention wherein the member 5 having the helicoidally shaped surface 6 is made i~ the form of helicoidally arranged protrusions 22 on the inner surface of the opening in the bot-tom 2 of the mold 1. The bottom 2 of the mold 1 has a protrusion 23 disposed in coa~ial rela-tionship therewith and intended for immersing into ~he melt.
Blades 24 are secured to the outer surface o~ the protru-sion 23.
~ ig. 10 of the accompanying drawings shows an alternat-ive embodiment of the invention wherein the member 5 having the helicoidally shaped surface 6 is made in the form of an impeller 25 whose blades 26 are secured to the bottom of the mold 1. ~he bottom 2 has a protrusion 23 disposed in coaxial relationship therewith and intended for immersing into the melt. Blades 24 are secured to the outer surface of the pro-trusion 23.
In the embodiments of the invention shown in ~igs 4~ 9 and 10 of tho accompanying drawings, the member 5 having the helicoidall~ shaped surface 6 is, accordiDg to the inven~ion~
ri~idly connected with -the mold lo _. 9 _ ' t 1~8833 ~he centriiu~al casting apparatus of the present in-vention operates in the following way. The drive 7 (Fig.l of the accompanying drawings) imparts rotation to the mold 1 and the member 6 having the helicoidally shaped surface 6.
The drive 11 lowers the mold 1 and said member 5. Coming into contact with the molten slag covering the surface oi the melt oi the process material the member 5 throws the same slag aside thereby clearing the surface oi the process material melt under the mold 1. 2he drive 11 is deenergized at the moment the bottom 2 of the mold 1 comes into contact with the surface of the melt.
The member 5~ by rotating, delivers the melt into the mold 1 through the opening in the bottom 2 thereof. Under the action of the centri~ugal forces the melt is iorced to the wall of the mold 1 and thus forms a layer being conti-nuously built up. ~he inner diameter oi a casting is determ-ined by the diameter of the opening in the mold bottom 2.
On completion of filling the mold 1, the excess melt flows down the vertically extending surface of the openLng into the dispensing crucible 4. At this moment the drive 11 starts raising the mold 1 and the member 5. Upon solidifi-cation of the melt, the drive 7 shuts down thereby bringing the mold 1 and the member 5 to a stop. ~he cover 3 is deta-ched irom the mold 1 to remove a finished casti~g therefrom.
The ambodiments oi the invention shown in Figs 2, 3, 4 and 6`operate in a m~nner similar to that described abo~e.
~ccording to the embodiment o~ the invention shown in Fig. 5 of the accompanying drawings, the melt is delivered into the mold t~rough the tube 15 which serves as a flight of the screw 13. ~he melt is trapped by the open lower end 16 of the tube 15 and forced into the mold 1 through the open upper end 17.
~he ~mbodiment of the invention shown in ~ig. 7 of the accompanying drawi~gs operates substantially as described above. I~ this case, however, the i~ner æpace of the screw 13 is iilled with a liquid cooling medium, such as molten sodium which circulates the i~ to equalize the temperature of the screw 13 throughout the whole height thereof.
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.. . , . -~he embodIment of the invention show~ in Fig. 8 ol the accompanyin~ drawings operates in the-folloY~i~g ma~ner.
l'he drive 7 imparts rotation to the input sha~t 21 of the di~feren-tial gear 20. The outer output shaft 19 rotates the mold 1 while the i~ner output sha~-t 18 rotates the screw 13. The above shafts 18 and 19 rotate wit~ different angul-ar speeds.
The embodiment o~ the invention show~ in ~ig~ 9 of the accompanying drawings operates in the follQwing manner.
~'Jhen the mold 1 is lo~ered, the protrusion 23 o~ the bo~tom 2 comes into contact with the slag. ~he blades 24 throw the slag aside. ~he mold is lowered u~til the bottom 2 thereof comes into co~tact with the sur~ace of the melt which is trapped by helicoidally arranged protrusions 22 and deliv-ered into the mold 1.
The embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 10 of the accompanying drawings operates substantially as describ~
ed above, except for that the melt of the procass material is delivered i~to the mold 1 by the blades of the impeller 25 ~rhile particular embodiments o~ the invention have been show~ and described, various modifications thereof will be apparent to those skilled in the art and there~ore it i3 ~ot intended that the invention be limited to the disclosed em-bodiments or to the details thereo~ a~d the departures may be made there~rom within the spirit and scope o~ the invention as de~ined in the claim~
Fig. 3 of the accompanying drawings shows an alternat-ive embodiment of the present invention wherein the member 5 having the helicoidally shaped sur~ace 6 is made,accord-ing to the invention, in the form of a helicoidally shaped plate 14 which is essentially a one-start screw.
Fig. 4 of the accompanying drawings shows an alternat-ive embodiment of the present invention wherein the length of the screw 13 is, according to the invention, equal to the height of the mold 1. ~his being the case, the screw 13 is rigidly secured to the cover 3 of the mold 1.
~ ig. 5 of the accompanying drawings shows an alternat-ive embodiment of the present inve~tion wherein the flight of the screw 13, accordiLg to the invention, is made in the form of a tube 15 having an open lower end 16 and an open upper end 17.
~ ig. 6 of the accompanying drawings shows an alternat-ive embodiment of the present invention wherein the screw 13, according to the invention, is made as a multiple-start one (in this case, two-start). The most pre~erable is a modifi-cation o~ the multi-start screw 13 provided with a number of flights which corresponds from 2 to 6 starts.
~ ig. 7 o~ the accompanying drawings shows an alternat-ive embodiment o~ the present invention wherein, according , .,: -`
,, . !, :
8~3 to tha in~ention9 the screw 1~ is Made hollow ~nd is filled with a cooling medium9 such as sodium.
Fig. 8 of the accompanying drawings shows an alter~at-ive embodiment of the invention wherein~ according to the in~ention, the screw 13 a~d the mold 1 are differentially connected v~ith the rotatio~ drive 7, tho screw 13 and -the mold 1 being respectively mounted on the ends of coaxially arranged output shafts 18 and 19 of a differen-tial gear 20.
~he output shafts 18 and 19 are disposed in the guide 10.
An input shaft 21 of the differential shaf~ 20 is co.~nected with the rotation drive 7 which~ in turn, is co~nected wi-th the vertical motion drive 11 by means of the rod 12. It is preferable that the differential gear 20, according to the invention, have a gear ratio which enables the ratio bet~ie-en the angular specd of the screw 13 and that of the mold 1to be maintained within the range of 1 to 2.
Fig. 9 of the accompanying drawings shows an alternat-ive embodiment of the irvention wherein the member 5 having the helicoidally shaped surface 6 is made i~ the form of helicoidally arranged protrusions 22 on the inner surface of the opening in the bot-tom 2 of the mold 1. The bottom 2 of the mold 1 has a protrusion 23 disposed in coa~ial rela-tionship therewith and intended for immersing into ~he melt.
Blades 24 are secured to the outer surface o~ the protru-sion 23.
~ ig. 10 of the accompanying drawings shows an alternat-ive embodiment of the invention wherein the member 5 having the helicoidally shaped surface 6 is made in the form of an impeller 25 whose blades 26 are secured to the bottom of the mold 1. ~he bottom 2 has a protrusion 23 disposed in coaxial relationship therewith and intended for immersing into the melt. Blades 24 are secured to the outer surface of the pro-trusion 23.
In the embodiments of the invention shown in ~igs 4~ 9 and 10 of tho accompanying drawings, the member 5 having the helicoidall~ shaped surface 6 is, accordiDg to the inven~ion~
ri~idly connected with -the mold lo _. 9 _ ' t 1~8833 ~he centriiu~al casting apparatus of the present in-vention operates in the following way. The drive 7 (Fig.l of the accompanying drawings) imparts rotation to the mold 1 and the member 6 having the helicoidally shaped surface 6.
The drive 11 lowers the mold 1 and said member 5. Coming into contact with the molten slag covering the surface oi the melt oi the process material the member 5 throws the same slag aside thereby clearing the surface oi the process material melt under the mold 1. 2he drive 11 is deenergized at the moment the bottom 2 of the mold 1 comes into contact with the surface of the melt.
The member 5~ by rotating, delivers the melt into the mold 1 through the opening in the bottom 2 thereof. Under the action of the centri~ugal forces the melt is iorced to the wall of the mold 1 and thus forms a layer being conti-nuously built up. ~he inner diameter oi a casting is determ-ined by the diameter of the opening in the mold bottom 2.
On completion of filling the mold 1, the excess melt flows down the vertically extending surface of the openLng into the dispensing crucible 4. At this moment the drive 11 starts raising the mold 1 and the member 5. Upon solidifi-cation of the melt, the drive 7 shuts down thereby bringing the mold 1 and the member 5 to a stop. ~he cover 3 is deta-ched irom the mold 1 to remove a finished casti~g therefrom.
The ambodiments oi the invention shown in Figs 2, 3, 4 and 6`operate in a m~nner similar to that described abo~e.
~ccording to the embodiment o~ the invention shown in Fig. 5 of the accompanying drawings, the melt is delivered into the mold t~rough the tube 15 which serves as a flight of the screw 13. ~he melt is trapped by the open lower end 16 of the tube 15 and forced into the mold 1 through the open upper end 17.
~he ~mbodiment of the invention shown in ~ig. 7 of the accompanying drawi~gs operates substantially as described above. I~ this case, however, the i~ner æpace of the screw 13 is iilled with a liquid cooling medium, such as molten sodium which circulates the i~ to equalize the temperature of the screw 13 throughout the whole height thereof.
. ,. : . . , . ~ .
.. . , . -~he embodIment of the invention show~ in Fig. 8 ol the accompanyin~ drawings operates in the-folloY~i~g ma~ner.
l'he drive 7 imparts rotation to the input sha~t 21 of the di~feren-tial gear 20. The outer output shaft 19 rotates the mold 1 while the i~ner output sha~-t 18 rotates the screw 13. The above shafts 18 and 19 rotate wit~ different angul-ar speeds.
The embodiment o~ the invention show~ in ~ig~ 9 of the accompanying drawings operates in the follQwing manner.
~'Jhen the mold 1 is lo~ered, the protrusion 23 o~ the bo~tom 2 comes into contact with the slag. ~he blades 24 throw the slag aside. ~he mold is lowered u~til the bottom 2 thereof comes into co~tact with the sur~ace of the melt which is trapped by helicoidally arranged protrusions 22 and deliv-ered into the mold 1.
The embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 10 of the accompanying drawings operates substantially as describ~
ed above, except for that the melt of the procass material is delivered i~to the mold 1 by the blades of the impeller 25 ~rhile particular embodiments o~ the invention have been show~ and described, various modifications thereof will be apparent to those skilled in the art and there~ore it i3 ~ot intended that the invention be limited to the disclosed em-bodiments or to the details thereo~ a~d the departures may be made there~rom within the spirit and scope o~ the invention as de~ined in the claim~
Claims (14)
1. A centrifugal casting apparatus for casting from a melt comprising:
a mold mounted for rotation about the vertical axis thereof and having a bottom provided with a through co-axial opening having vertical walls:
a member having a helicoidally shaped surface, co-axially mounted within said mold for preventing shrink heads formation and having a lower portion extending through said opening outwardly and downwardly of said mold bottom, said member being adapted to be immersed into said melt for cleaning its surface from slag;
a rotation drive connected with said mold and said member, and a vertical motion drive connected with said mold and said member.
a mold mounted for rotation about the vertical axis thereof and having a bottom provided with a through co-axial opening having vertical walls:
a member having a helicoidally shaped surface, co-axially mounted within said mold for preventing shrink heads formation and having a lower portion extending through said opening outwardly and downwardly of said mold bottom, said member being adapted to be immersed into said melt for cleaning its surface from slag;
a rotation drive connected with said mold and said member, and a vertical motion drive connected with said mold and said member.
2, An apparatus, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said member is a screw.
3. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 2, wherein the ratio between the diameter of said screw and the diameter of said opening in said bottom is from 0.1 to 1.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said member has the form of a helicoidally shaped plate which is essentially a screw.
5. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 2, wherein said screw has a length equal to the height of said mold.
6. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 2, wherein the flight of said screw has the form of a tube having an open lower end and an open upper end.
7. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 2, wherein said screw is a multiple-start one.
8. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 7, wherein said screw is provided with a number of flights which corresponds to 2 to 6 starts.
9. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said screw and said mold are differentially connected with the rotation drive.
10. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 9, wherein said screw and said mold are mounted on the ends of co-axially arranged output shafts of a differential gear having an input shaft connected to said rotation drive.
11. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 10, wherein said differential gear has a gear ratio which enables the ratio between the angular speed of the screw and that of the mold to be maintained within the range of 1 to 2.
12. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said member is rigidly connected with said mold.
13. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 12, wherein said member has the form of helicoidally arranged pro-trusions on the inner surface of said opening in said bottom of said mold.
14. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 12, wherein said member is an impeller having blades secured to said bottom of said mold.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000363583A CA1158833A (en) | 1980-10-30 | 1980-10-30 | Centrifugal casting apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000363583A CA1158833A (en) | 1980-10-30 | 1980-10-30 | Centrifugal casting apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1158833A true CA1158833A (en) | 1983-12-20 |
Family
ID=4118297
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000363583A Expired CA1158833A (en) | 1980-10-30 | 1980-10-30 | Centrifugal casting apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1158833A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114734017A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-07-12 | 四川富生电器有限责任公司 | Centrifugal aluminum casting die for motor rotor |
-
1980
- 1980-10-30 CA CA000363583A patent/CA1158833A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114734017A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-07-12 | 四川富生电器有限责任公司 | Centrifugal aluminum casting die for motor rotor |
| CN114734017B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-02 | 四川富生电器有限责任公司 | Centrifugal aluminum casting die for motor rotor |
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| MKEX | Expiry |