CA1154577A - Method for reinforcing heat exchanger tube to header joints - Google Patents
Method for reinforcing heat exchanger tube to header jointsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1154577A CA1154577A CA000348969A CA348969A CA1154577A CA 1154577 A CA1154577 A CA 1154577A CA 000348969 A CA000348969 A CA 000348969A CA 348969 A CA348969 A CA 348969A CA 1154577 A CA1154577 A CA 1154577A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- header
- tube
- plate
- plates
- heat exchanger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
- F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
- F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
- F28F9/185—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding with additional preformed parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/26—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass heat exchangers or the like
Abstract
METHOD FOR REINFORCING HEAT EXCHANGER
TUBE TO HEADER JOINTS
Abstract:
A method of joining a header reinforcement plate to a tube header for a heat exchanger assembly wherein a reinforcing plate that is smaller dimensionally than the dimensions of the header is initially joined to the header, the tube holes (14,15) are then punched or form-punched in both plates (10,11) simultaneously, and the tube (161 ends are inserted into the holes and soldered (17) in place.
TUBE TO HEADER JOINTS
Abstract:
A method of joining a header reinforcement plate to a tube header for a heat exchanger assembly wherein a reinforcing plate that is smaller dimensionally than the dimensions of the header is initially joined to the header, the tube holes (14,15) are then punched or form-punched in both plates (10,11) simultaneously, and the tube (161 ends are inserted into the holes and soldered (17) in place.
Description
~s~ ~
METHOD FOR REINFORCING H~AT EXCHANGEP~
TUBE TO HEADER JOINTS
Description ,:
Heat exchangers in the past have utilized re-inforcement plates ~here the tube to header joints are unsatisfactory or the stresses exerted in the heat exchanger structure are concentrated at the outer tuhe edge solder joints. Bolted radiator core assemblies have located reinforcement plates in the four corners of the core; these reinforcement being relatively short in length. Other assem~lies require a long reinforcement plate or have used a reinforcement plate of substantially the same dïmensions as the header plate so that the edges of both plates must ~e secured and sealed to the headers by bolting, etc.
The header and reinforcement plate tube holes are punched, lanced and/or form punched separately. I'he two parts are then placed together, aligned and joined by suitable means, such as spot welding, riveting and/or soldering. The tubes are then installed in the header assembly and soldered. These methods require complex tooling to duplicate results and have problems of mismatch where long reinforcements are made. These present reïnforcements are not consistent in providing 2S void free joints and require separate dies for the header and reinforcement plate. The present invention relates to an improved way of distrihuting the stresses that exist in the tube to header solder joints.
~ 4 5 7~
The present invention relates to a novel method of reinforcement of the tube to header join-ts in a heat exchanger assembly. High stresses develop in these joints due to vibration and also due to thermal stress development occurring from the differential expansion of the core and the heat exchanger structure. Essentially, this method requires a preliminary joining operation of a reinforcement plate to the tube header plate followed by a hole punching operation on the assembled plates to provide the tube holes, ; 10 the insertion of the tubes thereinto and soldering of the tubes to the header and reinforcement plate. This method allows for complete flexibility in selecting various material ; thicknesses for both the header and reinforcement plate to ;~ suit the heat exchanger application and, at the same time, achieving a perfect mate between both plates. This flexibility is essential when matching the durability required by the heat exchanger where numerous thermal fluctuations are present requiring a thin header and a thick reinforcement plate. When the heat exchanger is subjected to high shock loadinys, then a thick header and thick reinforcement plate are necessary. These changes can be accommodated with little or no tooling change.
More specifically the present invention relates to a method of reinforcing heat exchanger tube to header joints, the method including the steps of cutting a tube header plate to size and providing a reinforcing plate of smaller dimensions than the tube header plate and then joining the reinforcing plate to the tube header plate by spot welding, soldering, sb/~
5~7~
welding or brazing. Tube openings and -then formed simultaneously through the joined plates, and a tube is inserted into each aligned pair of openings in the plates to form a joint solder then being applied to the joint area.
The present invention also comprehends the provision of a reinforcement plate joined to the tube and header to provide reduced stresses in the solder joint at the outside tube outer edge. Essentiall~v the invention (1) provides a higher solder joint bond area parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tube around the tube periphery; (2) stiffens the area onto which the reinforcement is placed, thus distributing the :, - 2a -sb/~,~
'7~
: stresses more evenly around the tube solder joint and into adjacent tube joints; and ~3~ moves the stress concentrations at the weak solder joint at the outer tube edges into the strong header plate material at the outside edges of the reinforcement.
:, The present invention further comprehends the pro-vision of a reinforcemer.t plate joined to a tu~e header , which eliminates mismatch of openings where long re-: inforcements are required, eliminates the use of complex toolïng to duplicate results, and provides for an ex-cellent solder draw and bond between all three components;
namely the tube, tube header and reinforcement plate.
Further obj'ects are to provide a construction of maximum simplicity r efficiency, economy and ease of assembly, and such further objects, advantages and capabilities as ~ill later more fully appear and are inherently possessed thereby.
One way of carrying out the invention is described in detail below with reference to drawings which illustrate only one specific embodiment, in which:
Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view showing the alignment of a header and reinforcement plate to be joined in the present method.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the h,eader and reinforcement plate joined together.
Figure 3 is a perspective vle~ of th,e. joined plates with the tube openings punched therein.
1 ~ '7~
Figure 4 is an enlarged cross sectional vie~ taken on the line 4-4 of Figure 3.
Figure 5 i5 a cross sectional view similar to Figure 4, but with the tu~es inserted into the openings.
Figure 6 is an enlarged cross sectional view similar to Figure 5, but showing a solder joint for a tube.
Figure 7 is a perspective view of a core for a heat exchanger having a plurality of tuhes extending between and joined to reinforced headers.
Figure 8 is a top plan view of the reinforced header and tu~es of Figure 7.
Figure 9 is a cross sectional v;ew of a presently utilized reinforcement joint having a lanced header and punched reinforcement.
Figure 10 is a cross sectional view of another presently used reinforcement joint with a formed-punched header and reinforcement.
Referring more particularly to the disclosure in the dra~ings wherein is sho~n an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 discloses the first step in the formation of a reinforced tube header of the present invention wherein a tuhe header lQ cut to required size and adapted to be utilized in a tube and fin core for a heat exchanger (not shown) has a re~
inforce~ent plate 11 cut to required size and aligned 079031-LC -~-thereon as shown by arrows A. Once positioned, the tube header plate and reinforcing plate are spot welded, welded, soldered, brazed or otherwise joined together at a plurality of locations 12 approximately 2" to 3"
apart adjacent the periphery of the plate 11; the header plate 10 having a border 13 exposed by the plate 11 adapted to be clamped or otherwise secured to an inlet or outlet tank of a heat exchanger.
..
The asembled tu~e header-reinforcement plate is then placed in a form-punch or punch single hit die to produce the tube hole pattern (see F~gure 3) having the rows of openings 14 and 15 through the reinforcing plate 11 and tube header 10, respectively. This die may punch all of the openings simultaneously or pro-gressively as more clearly shown in Figure 4, As seen in Figure 5, the tubes 16 of the core are inserted into the openings 14, 15 and solder is applied. The solder draw is excellent to provide void free joints 17 at the tube and the reinforcement plate-tube header outer edges 18, 19, respectively. As seen in Figure 6, not only is the solder joint 17 void free but a small quantity of solder 21 is drawn between the reinforce-ment plate 11 and header 10. Also, solder 17 is drawn between reinforcement plate edges, header edges, and tube 13, 19 and 16, respectively, and a bead 22 of solder forms at the depressed edge 18 of the plate 11.
The distance between the outer ed~e 23 of the reinforcement plate 11 and the tube tip 24 has a minimum acceptable dimension. This is determined so that there is no distortion of tke reinforcement plate 11 producing a gap between the header 10 and reinforce-~ ment 11. Figure 7 discloses an assem~led tu'oe core 25 :
having reinforced headers ~6 at each end to be secured to the inlet and outlet tanks of a heat exchanger.
Figure 8 discloses the finished header 26 with the tubes soldered therein. Voids 27 are present betwean the header and reinforcement plates and between the tubes 16 but the structural performance of the header is not effected.
The above descri~ed method overcomes many problems associated with producing effective reinforced ~oints.
It eliminates the use of complex tooling for duplication of results and provides for complete flexibility in changing material thicknesses without die changes. As shown in Figures 9 and 10, presently used types of reinforcement are not consistent in providing void-free joints. As seen in Figure 9, the header 31 has lanced openings 32 and the reinforcement plate 33 has punched openings 34. After the hole forming operations, the plates are aligned and joined by spot welding, riveting and/or soldering, the tubes 35 inserted in the openings and soldered. As seen, the solder 36 does not provide a void-free joint, as evidence by the voids 37. As above noted, two separate dies are required to produce the tube header and reinforcement plate. Also, stock thickness on the header cannot be varied without a die change. If a pro~ressive die is used to punch the header and/or reinforcement tube holes, serious mismatch ma~ occur in producing a long reinforcement. To eliminate the mismatch, piercing small sections together will solve the problem, but it is cumbersome.
In Figure lQ, both the header and reinforcement plate openings are formed ~y the same die. As shown, ~ f~
'I
the header 41 has form-punched openings 42 and the reinforcement plate 43 has form-punched holes 44. When ` joined together, the header 41 and reinforcement plate 43 do not mate, resulting in gaps 45 therebetween.
When the tube 46 i5 inserted and solder 47 applied, voids 48 may be possible.
METHOD FOR REINFORCING H~AT EXCHANGEP~
TUBE TO HEADER JOINTS
Description ,:
Heat exchangers in the past have utilized re-inforcement plates ~here the tube to header joints are unsatisfactory or the stresses exerted in the heat exchanger structure are concentrated at the outer tuhe edge solder joints. Bolted radiator core assemblies have located reinforcement plates in the four corners of the core; these reinforcement being relatively short in length. Other assem~lies require a long reinforcement plate or have used a reinforcement plate of substantially the same dïmensions as the header plate so that the edges of both plates must ~e secured and sealed to the headers by bolting, etc.
The header and reinforcement plate tube holes are punched, lanced and/or form punched separately. I'he two parts are then placed together, aligned and joined by suitable means, such as spot welding, riveting and/or soldering. The tubes are then installed in the header assembly and soldered. These methods require complex tooling to duplicate results and have problems of mismatch where long reinforcements are made. These present reïnforcements are not consistent in providing 2S void free joints and require separate dies for the header and reinforcement plate. The present invention relates to an improved way of distrihuting the stresses that exist in the tube to header solder joints.
~ 4 5 7~
The present invention relates to a novel method of reinforcement of the tube to header join-ts in a heat exchanger assembly. High stresses develop in these joints due to vibration and also due to thermal stress development occurring from the differential expansion of the core and the heat exchanger structure. Essentially, this method requires a preliminary joining operation of a reinforcement plate to the tube header plate followed by a hole punching operation on the assembled plates to provide the tube holes, ; 10 the insertion of the tubes thereinto and soldering of the tubes to the header and reinforcement plate. This method allows for complete flexibility in selecting various material ; thicknesses for both the header and reinforcement plate to ;~ suit the heat exchanger application and, at the same time, achieving a perfect mate between both plates. This flexibility is essential when matching the durability required by the heat exchanger where numerous thermal fluctuations are present requiring a thin header and a thick reinforcement plate. When the heat exchanger is subjected to high shock loadinys, then a thick header and thick reinforcement plate are necessary. These changes can be accommodated with little or no tooling change.
More specifically the present invention relates to a method of reinforcing heat exchanger tube to header joints, the method including the steps of cutting a tube header plate to size and providing a reinforcing plate of smaller dimensions than the tube header plate and then joining the reinforcing plate to the tube header plate by spot welding, soldering, sb/~
5~7~
welding or brazing. Tube openings and -then formed simultaneously through the joined plates, and a tube is inserted into each aligned pair of openings in the plates to form a joint solder then being applied to the joint area.
The present invention also comprehends the provision of a reinforcement plate joined to the tube and header to provide reduced stresses in the solder joint at the outside tube outer edge. Essentiall~v the invention (1) provides a higher solder joint bond area parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tube around the tube periphery; (2) stiffens the area onto which the reinforcement is placed, thus distributing the :, - 2a -sb/~,~
'7~
: stresses more evenly around the tube solder joint and into adjacent tube joints; and ~3~ moves the stress concentrations at the weak solder joint at the outer tube edges into the strong header plate material at the outside edges of the reinforcement.
:, The present invention further comprehends the pro-vision of a reinforcemer.t plate joined to a tu~e header , which eliminates mismatch of openings where long re-: inforcements are required, eliminates the use of complex toolïng to duplicate results, and provides for an ex-cellent solder draw and bond between all three components;
namely the tube, tube header and reinforcement plate.
Further obj'ects are to provide a construction of maximum simplicity r efficiency, economy and ease of assembly, and such further objects, advantages and capabilities as ~ill later more fully appear and are inherently possessed thereby.
One way of carrying out the invention is described in detail below with reference to drawings which illustrate only one specific embodiment, in which:
Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view showing the alignment of a header and reinforcement plate to be joined in the present method.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the h,eader and reinforcement plate joined together.
Figure 3 is a perspective vle~ of th,e. joined plates with the tube openings punched therein.
1 ~ '7~
Figure 4 is an enlarged cross sectional vie~ taken on the line 4-4 of Figure 3.
Figure 5 i5 a cross sectional view similar to Figure 4, but with the tu~es inserted into the openings.
Figure 6 is an enlarged cross sectional view similar to Figure 5, but showing a solder joint for a tube.
Figure 7 is a perspective view of a core for a heat exchanger having a plurality of tuhes extending between and joined to reinforced headers.
Figure 8 is a top plan view of the reinforced header and tu~es of Figure 7.
Figure 9 is a cross sectional v;ew of a presently utilized reinforcement joint having a lanced header and punched reinforcement.
Figure 10 is a cross sectional view of another presently used reinforcement joint with a formed-punched header and reinforcement.
Referring more particularly to the disclosure in the dra~ings wherein is sho~n an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 discloses the first step in the formation of a reinforced tube header of the present invention wherein a tuhe header lQ cut to required size and adapted to be utilized in a tube and fin core for a heat exchanger (not shown) has a re~
inforce~ent plate 11 cut to required size and aligned 079031-LC -~-thereon as shown by arrows A. Once positioned, the tube header plate and reinforcing plate are spot welded, welded, soldered, brazed or otherwise joined together at a plurality of locations 12 approximately 2" to 3"
apart adjacent the periphery of the plate 11; the header plate 10 having a border 13 exposed by the plate 11 adapted to be clamped or otherwise secured to an inlet or outlet tank of a heat exchanger.
..
The asembled tu~e header-reinforcement plate is then placed in a form-punch or punch single hit die to produce the tube hole pattern (see F~gure 3) having the rows of openings 14 and 15 through the reinforcing plate 11 and tube header 10, respectively. This die may punch all of the openings simultaneously or pro-gressively as more clearly shown in Figure 4, As seen in Figure 5, the tubes 16 of the core are inserted into the openings 14, 15 and solder is applied. The solder draw is excellent to provide void free joints 17 at the tube and the reinforcement plate-tube header outer edges 18, 19, respectively. As seen in Figure 6, not only is the solder joint 17 void free but a small quantity of solder 21 is drawn between the reinforce-ment plate 11 and header 10. Also, solder 17 is drawn between reinforcement plate edges, header edges, and tube 13, 19 and 16, respectively, and a bead 22 of solder forms at the depressed edge 18 of the plate 11.
The distance between the outer ed~e 23 of the reinforcement plate 11 and the tube tip 24 has a minimum acceptable dimension. This is determined so that there is no distortion of tke reinforcement plate 11 producing a gap between the header 10 and reinforce-~ ment 11. Figure 7 discloses an assem~led tu'oe core 25 :
having reinforced headers ~6 at each end to be secured to the inlet and outlet tanks of a heat exchanger.
Figure 8 discloses the finished header 26 with the tubes soldered therein. Voids 27 are present betwean the header and reinforcement plates and between the tubes 16 but the structural performance of the header is not effected.
The above descri~ed method overcomes many problems associated with producing effective reinforced ~oints.
It eliminates the use of complex tooling for duplication of results and provides for complete flexibility in changing material thicknesses without die changes. As shown in Figures 9 and 10, presently used types of reinforcement are not consistent in providing void-free joints. As seen in Figure 9, the header 31 has lanced openings 32 and the reinforcement plate 33 has punched openings 34. After the hole forming operations, the plates are aligned and joined by spot welding, riveting and/or soldering, the tubes 35 inserted in the openings and soldered. As seen, the solder 36 does not provide a void-free joint, as evidence by the voids 37. As above noted, two separate dies are required to produce the tube header and reinforcement plate. Also, stock thickness on the header cannot be varied without a die change. If a pro~ressive die is used to punch the header and/or reinforcement tube holes, serious mismatch ma~ occur in producing a long reinforcement. To eliminate the mismatch, piercing small sections together will solve the problem, but it is cumbersome.
In Figure lQ, both the header and reinforcement plate openings are formed ~y the same die. As shown, ~ f~
'I
the header 41 has form-punched openings 42 and the reinforcement plate 43 has form-punched holes 44. When ` joined together, the header 41 and reinforcement plate 43 do not mate, resulting in gaps 45 therebetween.
When the tube 46 i5 inserted and solder 47 applied, voids 48 may be possible.
Claims (4)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method of reinforcing heat exchanger tube to header joints, comprising the steps of cutting a tube header plate to size and providing a reinforcing plate of smaller di-mensions than the tube header plate, joining the reinforcing plate to the tube header plate by spot welding, soldering/ welding or brazing, forming tube openings simultaneously through the joined plates, inserting a tube into each aligned pair of openings in the plates to form a joint and applying solder to the joint area.
2. The method as set forth in Claim 1, wherein the openings are punched in the plates.
3. The method as set forth in Claim 1, wherein the openings are form-punched in the plates.
4. The method as set forth in Claim 1, in which the plates are joined by spot welding at 2 to 3 inch intervals adjacent the periphery of the reinforcement plate to prevent excessive gap therebetween.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US3513779A | 1979-05-01 | 1979-05-01 | |
| US035,137 | 1979-05-01 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1154577A true CA1154577A (en) | 1983-10-04 |
Family
ID=21880879
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000348969A Expired CA1154577A (en) | 1979-05-01 | 1980-04-01 | Method for reinforcing heat exchanger tube to header joints |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BR (1) | BR8002581A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1154577A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3013317A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES491032A0 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2455704A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2048130B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1141939B (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL186404C (en) * | 1985-02-21 | 1990-11-16 | Jogema Holding | METHOD FOR CONNECTING AT LEAST A PIPE TO A PIPE FLANGE OR PIPE PLATE |
| DE19844848A1 (en) * | 1998-09-30 | 2000-04-06 | Modine Mfg Co | Heat exchanger |
| DE10001974B4 (en) * | 2000-01-18 | 2012-03-29 | Modine Manufacturing Co. | heat exchangers |
| US7172016B2 (en) * | 2002-10-04 | 2007-02-06 | Modine Manufacturing Company | Internally mounted radial flow, high pressure, intercooler for a rotary compressor machine |
| SE0302127L (en) | 2003-07-24 | 2004-07-27 | Swep Int Ab | Process for the manufacture of a plate heat exchanger |
| JP2006112759A (en) * | 2004-10-18 | 2006-04-27 | Calsonic Kansei Corp | Structure and method for connecting header tank of heat exchanger to connector |
| US20080216989A1 (en) * | 2007-03-07 | 2008-09-11 | Behr America Inc. | Weld bead reinforcement of charge air cooler headers and method of making same |
| WO2015037097A1 (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2015-03-19 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Laminated header, heat exchanger, and heat pump device |
| CN112432537B (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2022-09-09 | 三花控股集团有限公司 | Heat exchanger and method for manufacturing the same |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE300271C (en) * | ||||
| CH416265A (en) * | 1964-10-23 | 1966-06-30 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Device on a drilling machine for precise guidance of the drill |
| FR1516411A (en) * | 1966-03-04 | 1968-03-08 | Foster Wheeler Corp | Internal tube welding |
| FR2050325B1 (en) * | 1969-07-23 | 1973-12-21 | Chausson Usines Sa | |
| FR2238545B1 (en) * | 1973-07-25 | 1978-10-27 | Chausson Usines Sa | |
| AT321074B (en) * | 1973-06-15 | 1975-03-10 | Waagner Biro Ag | Method of manufacturing a heat exchanger and tube plate |
-
1980
- 1980-04-01 CA CA000348969A patent/CA1154577A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-04-05 DE DE19803013317 patent/DE3013317A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-04-11 GB GB8011962A patent/GB2048130B/en not_active Expired
- 1980-04-25 FR FR8009377A patent/FR2455704A1/en active Pending
- 1980-04-28 BR BR8002581A patent/BR8002581A/en unknown
- 1980-04-29 IT IT21704/80A patent/IT1141939B/en active
- 1980-04-30 ES ES491032A patent/ES491032A0/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2048130B (en) | 1982-11-10 |
| FR2455704A1 (en) | 1980-11-28 |
| ES8202502A1 (en) | 1981-08-16 |
| BR8002581A (en) | 1980-12-09 |
| IT1141939B (en) | 1986-10-08 |
| GB2048130A (en) | 1980-12-10 |
| ES491032A0 (en) | 1981-08-16 |
| IT8021704A0 (en) | 1980-04-29 |
| DE3013317A1 (en) | 1980-11-06 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |