CA1151881A - Cobalt metal powder by hydrogen reduction - Google Patents
Cobalt metal powder by hydrogen reductionInfo
- Publication number
- CA1151881A CA1151881A CA000358741A CA358741A CA1151881A CA 1151881 A CA1151881 A CA 1151881A CA 000358741 A CA000358741 A CA 000358741A CA 358741 A CA358741 A CA 358741A CA 1151881 A CA1151881 A CA 1151881A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cobalt
- powder
- reduction
- solution
- cobalt powder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- FXVNMSSSMOVRTC-UHFFFAOYSA-K cobalt(3+);trihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Co+3] FXVNMSSSMOVRTC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 54
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 63
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- MULYSYXKGICWJF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);oxalate Chemical group [Co+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O MULYSYXKGICWJF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021503 Cobalt(II) hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1408157 Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000001 cobalt(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000518994 Conta Species 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZJRWDIJRKKXMNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;cobalt Chemical compound [Co].OC(O)=O ZJRWDIJRKKXMNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUYLTEAJCNAMJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Co+2] IUYLTEAJCNAMJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAWGVVJVYSANRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(3+) Chemical compound [Co+3] JAWGVVJVYSANRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ASKVAEGIVYSGNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Co+2] ASKVAEGIVYSGNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PKSIZOUDEUREFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Co] PKSIZOUDEUREFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- MCWXGJITAZMZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoate Chemical compound CNC(=O)CSP(=S)(OC)OC MCWXGJITAZMZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UVSGDPZIZFFEOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M disodium;hydrogen sulfite;cyanide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].N#[C-].OS([O-])=O UVSGDPZIZFFEOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940075933 dithionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010942 self-nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanide Chemical compound [Na+].N#[C-] MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
- B22F9/24—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
- B22F9/26—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions using gaseous reductors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0453—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B23/0461—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical methods
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Dental Preparations (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Priority Applications (10)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000358741A CA1151881A (en) | 1980-08-21 | 1980-08-21 | Cobalt metal powder by hydrogen reduction |
| JP56121783A JPH0351764B2 (forum.php) | 1980-08-21 | 1981-08-03 | |
| ZA815530A ZA815530B (en) | 1980-08-21 | 1981-08-11 | A process for making cobalt metal powder |
| DE8181303653T DE3170282D1 (en) | 1980-08-21 | 1981-08-11 | A process of making cobalt metal powder |
| EP81303653A EP0047076B1 (en) | 1980-08-21 | 1981-08-11 | A process of making cobalt metal powder |
| AU74212/81A AU542235B2 (en) | 1980-08-21 | 1981-08-14 | Refining cobalt powder |
| ZW199/81A ZW19981A1 (en) | 1980-08-21 | 1981-08-14 | A process of making cobalt metal powder |
| PH26053A PH18541A (en) | 1980-08-21 | 1981-08-17 | Cobalt metal powder by hydrogen reduction |
| FI812559A FI71771C (fi) | 1980-08-21 | 1981-08-19 | Foerfarande foer framstaellning av ett taett koboltpulver. |
| NO812809A NO161130C (no) | 1980-08-21 | 1981-08-20 | Fremgangsmaate til fremstilling av et tett kobolt-pulver med en grov, relativt ensartet partikkelstoerrelse. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000358741A CA1151881A (en) | 1980-08-21 | 1980-08-21 | Cobalt metal powder by hydrogen reduction |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1151881A true CA1151881A (en) | 1983-08-16 |
Family
ID=4117706
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000358741A Expired CA1151881A (en) | 1980-08-21 | 1980-08-21 | Cobalt metal powder by hydrogen reduction |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0047076B1 (forum.php) |
| JP (1) | JPH0351764B2 (forum.php) |
| AU (1) | AU542235B2 (forum.php) |
| CA (1) | CA1151881A (forum.php) |
| DE (1) | DE3170282D1 (forum.php) |
| FI (1) | FI71771C (forum.php) |
| NO (1) | NO161130C (forum.php) |
| PH (1) | PH18541A (forum.php) |
| ZA (1) | ZA815530B (forum.php) |
| ZW (1) | ZW19981A1 (forum.php) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1233047A (en) * | 1984-03-05 | 1988-02-23 | Michael A. Tenhover | Amorphous metal alloy powders and bulk objects and synthesis of same by solid state decomposition reactions |
| US4537625A (en) * | 1984-03-09 | 1985-08-27 | The Standard Oil Company (Ohio) | Amorphous metal alloy powders and synthesis of same by solid state chemical reduction reactions |
| JPS63274706A (ja) * | 1987-05-02 | 1988-11-11 | Nippon Chem Ind Co Ltd:The | 金属微粉末の製造法 |
| DE19540076C1 (de) * | 1995-10-27 | 1997-05-22 | Starck H C Gmbh Co Kg | Ultrafeines Kobaltmetallpulver, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung sowie Verwendung des Kobaltmetallpulvers und des Kobaltcarbonates |
| US6451088B1 (en) | 2001-07-25 | 2002-09-17 | Phelps Dodge Corporation | Method for improving metals recovery using high temperature leaching |
| US9321656B2 (en) | 2012-07-10 | 2016-04-26 | Basf Se | Process for preparing aqueous solutions of cobalt sulfate |
| US9416023B2 (en) | 2012-07-10 | 2016-08-16 | Basf Se | Method for producing aqueous solutions of cobalt sulphate |
| JP6489315B2 (ja) * | 2015-07-03 | 2019-03-27 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | コバルト粉の製造方法 |
| CN110899719B (zh) * | 2018-09-14 | 2022-11-15 | 上海铁路通信有限公司 | 一种片层结构钴颗粒材料的制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2734821A (en) * | 1956-02-14 | Table ix | ||
| US2749235A (en) * | 1953-09-25 | 1956-06-05 | Chemical Construction Corp | Method of reducing cobaltic ammine salt |
| US2864692A (en) * | 1956-09-24 | 1958-12-16 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Recovery of copper and cobalt values from sulphate leach solutions |
| FR1223378A (fr) * | 1957-12-18 | 1960-06-16 | Metallurg De Hoboken Soc Gen | Procédé d'élimination du nickel d'une solution cobaltifère de sulfate ou chlorure |
| US4151258A (en) * | 1978-03-06 | 1979-04-24 | Amax Inc. | Dissolution of cobaltic hydroxide with organic reductant |
-
1980
- 1980-08-21 CA CA000358741A patent/CA1151881A/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-08-03 JP JP56121783A patent/JPH0351764B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1981-08-11 ZA ZA815530A patent/ZA815530B/xx unknown
- 1981-08-11 EP EP81303653A patent/EP0047076B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-08-11 DE DE8181303653T patent/DE3170282D1/de not_active Expired
- 1981-08-14 ZW ZW199/81A patent/ZW19981A1/xx unknown
- 1981-08-14 AU AU74212/81A patent/AU542235B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1981-08-17 PH PH26053A patent/PH18541A/en unknown
- 1981-08-19 FI FI812559A patent/FI71771C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-08-20 NO NO812809A patent/NO161130C/no unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA815530B (en) | 1982-08-25 |
| FI71771B (fi) | 1986-10-31 |
| PH18541A (en) | 1985-08-09 |
| JPH0351764B2 (forum.php) | 1991-08-07 |
| NO161130C (no) | 1989-07-05 |
| NO161130B (no) | 1989-03-28 |
| DE3170282D1 (en) | 1985-06-05 |
| AU7421281A (en) | 1982-02-25 |
| JPS5754207A (forum.php) | 1982-03-31 |
| EP0047076A1 (en) | 1982-03-10 |
| FI71771C (fi) | 1987-02-09 |
| FI812559L (fi) | 1982-02-22 |
| ZW19981A1 (en) | 1982-01-06 |
| NO812809L (no) | 1982-02-22 |
| EP0047076B1 (en) | 1985-05-02 |
| AU542235B2 (en) | 1985-02-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |