CA1143922A - Mold with roughened surface for casting metals - Google Patents
Mold with roughened surface for casting metalsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1143922A CA1143922A CA000339006A CA339006A CA1143922A CA 1143922 A CA1143922 A CA 1143922A CA 000339006 A CA000339006 A CA 000339006A CA 339006 A CA339006 A CA 339006A CA 1143922 A CA1143922 A CA 1143922A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- projections
- casting
- casting system
- melt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
- B22D11/0648—Casting surfaces
- B22D11/0654—Casting belts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
- B22D11/0648—Casting surfaces
- B22D11/0657—Caterpillars
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A mold provided with a roughened surface for cast-ing metals is so that, on first contact of the mold with the melt, heat transfer is controlled in such a way that the melt comes into contact only with the peaks of the projections on the mold surface and an air gap is formed between the melt and the valleys on the surface. The pattern of roughness on the mold surface comprises a uniform arrangement of pyrimidal or blunted-cone shaped projections. Neighbouring projections are spaced a distance d of 0.05 to 1 mm apart and have a height h of 0.1 d --<-- h --<-- d. The pyramid or blunted cone surfaces f satisfy the condition 0.05 --<--f/d2--<--0.5. A process which does not involve deformation is preferred for producing the rough pattern, for example, a photochemical etching process.
The molds are suitable for many casting processes, in particu-lar for continuous D.C. ingot or strip casting with moving molds and caterpillar track type mold belts.
A mold provided with a roughened surface for cast-ing metals is so that, on first contact of the mold with the melt, heat transfer is controlled in such a way that the melt comes into contact only with the peaks of the projections on the mold surface and an air gap is formed between the melt and the valleys on the surface. The pattern of roughness on the mold surface comprises a uniform arrangement of pyrimidal or blunted-cone shaped projections. Neighbouring projections are spaced a distance d of 0.05 to 1 mm apart and have a height h of 0.1 d --<-- h --<-- d. The pyramid or blunted cone surfaces f satisfy the condition 0.05 --<--f/d2--<--0.5. A process which does not involve deformation is preferred for producing the rough pattern, for example, a photochemical etching process.
The molds are suitable for many casting processes, in particu-lar for continuous D.C. ingot or strip casting with moving molds and caterpillar track type mold belts.
Description
~3~Z
The present invention relates to a mold with a ; ~;
roughened surface which is used for casting metals, .- , particularly aluminum and its alloys, by means of which mold the heat transfer, on first contact with the melt, lS con~
trolled in that the melt comes into contact only with the peaks on the roughened surface of the mold and an air gap is formed between the melt and the valleys or troughs in the roughened surface.
In continuous casting with moving molds the melt solidifies by coming directly into contact with the mold.
.
Quality requirements make it necessary to control the transfer of heat accuxately when the melt first makes contact with the mold. When the heat is extracted too quickly, as is the case with smoothly ground molds, there are often cold shuts in the cast product, which then leads to scrap. The transfer of~a large amount of heat through the mold at the start also means high thermal stresses in the mold which can lead to cracks forming in the mold surface.
In the present state of the art there are two methods which are used to regulate the heat transfer between~
the melt and the mold. These are~
1. The surface of the mold is coated with a thermally insulating, protective layer.
The present invention relates to a mold with a ; ~;
roughened surface which is used for casting metals, .- , particularly aluminum and its alloys, by means of which mold the heat transfer, on first contact with the melt, lS con~
trolled in that the melt comes into contact only with the peaks on the roughened surface of the mold and an air gap is formed between the melt and the valleys or troughs in the roughened surface.
In continuous casting with moving molds the melt solidifies by coming directly into contact with the mold.
.
Quality requirements make it necessary to control the transfer of heat accuxately when the melt first makes contact with the mold. When the heat is extracted too quickly, as is the case with smoothly ground molds, there are often cold shuts in the cast product, which then leads to scrap. The transfer of~a large amount of heat through the mold at the start also means high thermal stresses in the mold which can lead to cracks forming in the mold surface.
In the present state of the art there are two methods which are used to regulate the heat transfer between~
the melt and the mold. These are~
1. The surface of the mold is coated with a thermally insulating, protective layer.
2. The surface of the mold is roughened mechanlcally .
' :~ ' , .
L3~
The use of insulating, protective layers often involves spraying a coat of lining material on the mold before casting commences.
Ceramic layers which can be deposited by plasma spraying is ;
another possibility, Experience has shown however that there are also disadvantages associated with the use of linings.
The lining must be deposited after each casting. It ~ ;
is especially important that the surface of the mold is coated uniformly, which depends of course on the skill of the operator~
non-uniform coating leads to areas in the cast strand or~strip, where the rate of initial solidification differs. In most materials this :Leads to casting flaws which mostly appear in the form of surface porosity and surface cracks. Another problem is that there is always the danger of pick-up of particles from the coating material. For many products (e.g.
foils) this leads to unacceptable contamination of the surface.
Experience has also shown that many aluminum alloys can be cast in continuously moving molds only if the initial solidification is sufficiently fast that the cell size at the surface of the cast strip is 10 - 20 ~m- The normal coatings however produce milder solidification conditions which then~lead to surface flaws - surface porosity in particular.
Permanent ceramic layers have the disadvantage -in view of the high coating costs - that they exhibit only limited service lives. It is also difficult using this method of coating to achieve an initial soIidification rate whlch is sufficiently fast for casting alloys- ~ ~
" ~
' :~ ' , .
L3~
The use of insulating, protective layers often involves spraying a coat of lining material on the mold before casting commences.
Ceramic layers which can be deposited by plasma spraying is ;
another possibility, Experience has shown however that there are also disadvantages associated with the use of linings.
The lining must be deposited after each casting. It ~ ;
is especially important that the surface of the mold is coated uniformly, which depends of course on the skill of the operator~
non-uniform coating leads to areas in the cast strand or~strip, where the rate of initial solidification differs. In most materials this :Leads to casting flaws which mostly appear in the form of surface porosity and surface cracks. Another problem is that there is always the danger of pick-up of particles from the coating material. For many products (e.g.
foils) this leads to unacceptable contamination of the surface.
Experience has also shown that many aluminum alloys can be cast in continuously moving molds only if the initial solidification is sufficiently fast that the cell size at the surface of the cast strip is 10 - 20 ~m- The normal coatings however produce milder solidification conditions which then~lead to surface flaws - surface porosity in particular.
Permanent ceramic layers have the disadvantage -in view of the high coating costs - that they exhibit only limited service lives. It is also difficult using this method of coating to achieve an initial soIidification rate whlch is sufficiently fast for casting alloys- ~ ~
" ~
- 3 -In the case of a mechanically roughened mold the : ~ :
heat transfer is regulated by creating a suitably rough surface~
When the melt ~omes into contact with a mold surface which, for example has been roughened by shot peening with steel balls then, if the metallostatic head is not too high, it comes into contact only with the peaks on the roughened surface~ while an air cushion forms between the melt and the valleys on the roughened surface-By appropriate dimensioning of the relative contact surface K = - -o : ~
where Fi = the contact surface of a peak on the surface ~ ;
Fo = the total mold surface area n = the number of peaks on the surface and by controlling the depth of roughness and the average ~ ~
spacing of neighbouring peaks, the heat transfer through the ~ :
mold can be regulated.
In the present state of the art there are two methods for mechanically roughening continuously moving molds~
a) Grooves are created in the surface by means of chip forming processes (milling, planing). This method however exhibits various disadvantages. Because the demand for uniformity ~`
heat transfer is regulated by creating a suitably rough surface~
When the melt ~omes into contact with a mold surface which, for example has been roughened by shot peening with steel balls then, if the metallostatic head is not too high, it comes into contact only with the peaks on the roughened surface~ while an air cushion forms between the melt and the valleys on the roughened surface-By appropriate dimensioning of the relative contact surface K = - -o : ~
where Fi = the contact surface of a peak on the surface ~ ;
Fo = the total mold surface area n = the number of peaks on the surface and by controlling the depth of roughness and the average ~ ~
spacing of neighbouring peaks, the heat transfer through the ~ :
mold can be regulated.
In the present state of the art there are two methods for mechanically roughening continuously moving molds~
a) Grooves are created in the surface by means of chip forming processes (milling, planing). This method however exhibits various disadvantages. Because the demand for uniformity ~`
- 4 - ~
:~t ll 3~
of heat transfer through the mo1d surfaoe is very high, the demand for uniformity in the grooves is also very high.-Mod~rn machine to~ls can satisfy these requirements only for grooves spaced at about 1 mm or more apart. When the groovinc is to be finer it is difficult to maintain uniform depth and uniform contact surface area. Furthermoxe, the machining costs increase markedly with increasing fineness of the grooves. Also, the surface to be machined in a continuous casting unit with moving molds is very large indeed - in a unit with moving, caterpillar track type molds, where the casting width is 2 m and thP length 3 m, the mold surface area is about 30 m .
Coarse grooving, i.e. a groove spacing of~ 0.5 mm, leads to cxacksp especially when casting wide strip, as too deep penetration of the metal in the valleys of the grooves results in rubbing bet~een the solidified melt and the to such an extent that the shrinkage on solidification is hindered.
.
b) By striking the mold with hard particles - steel balls in particular - the surface is indented. This method leads to a uniform reduction in heat transfer which, at a suitable metallostatic pressure, permits the casting also of highly alloyed alloys (e.g. AlMg 4.5) ~ith moving molds, in parti--cular if the mold is made of copper. Practical experience has however revealed another disadvantage of this process which is described in the following:
_5_ :
~3~ZZ
During long production runs, it is unavoidable that impur- ;
ities gather in the recesses formed by peening or other- ; ~ :~
wise impacting, and these dec~mpose to produce gases when ;
heated. These impurities include organic substances, hydroxides and various salts which contain water~of crystallization. I~, on casting, the metal comes into con-tact with such a contaminated area, then gas is produced.
At high casting speeds in particular this gas is trapped between the melt and the mold as, because of the special ~ ~
feature of the roughening (craters adjacent to each other -but separated hy ridges) the flow of the gas parallel to the mold surface is greatly hindered as soon as the melt touches the sur~ace. Bubbles of gas trapped between the mold and the solidifying metal, however, lead to flaws in the cast strip, which generally result in the strip being ~ ~ :
scrapped. It has also been found that the removal of these~
impurities by the various cleaning methods - taking into account the safety mea~ures required in production - does not provide a suitable remedy.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to develop a mold~
with a roughened surface for use in the casting of metalj whereby~
the said surface provides the requisite uniform, and exact reductian~
in heat transfer between the melt and the mold, at the same time avoiding flaws in the surface of the cast product which are caused ~
by gas ~rapped between the melt and the mold. ~ ;
'` ~.
3~Z~, This invention relates to a casting system for ~ :
casting molten metal lnto a mold. It comprises a source of molten metal and a casting mold which has a roughened surface ` :~
such that the molten metal on initial contact with the mold contacts only the high points of the roughened surface and thereby forming an air gap between the molten metal and the low points of the roughened mold surface. The low points of the roughened mold surface are interconnected so that gases in the air gap escape therefrom parallel to the mold surface thereby preventing the melt from rising from the mold surface.
The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings which show a preferred form thereof a.nd wherein:
Fig. l is a cross-section through a part of a :.
mold, the surface of which has been roughened for example by shot peening with steel balls,.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a section of the surface of the mold in accordance with the .
invention~
The foregoing ob]ect is achieved by way of the present invention in that the valleys `~
- ~a -g~2 in the roughened surface are interconnected in such a way that gases produced in the valleys when the melt comes in contact with the mold can escape without hindrance parallel to the mold surface, with the result that the melt is not raised from the mold surface as a result of excessively high gas pressure in that region.
An advantageous version of the object of the present invention is such that the mold surface features a roughened surface comprising a regular pattern of pyramidal or bluntcone projections.
When molten metal flows into this mold surface, then it comes into contact only with the surfaces f of the projections lying parallel to the surface of the mold. Con-sequently, the heat transfer during the initial stages of solidification can be chosen via the equation ~ f/d2 The distance d between nei~hbouring projection is defined here as the distance between the centers of the surfaces f -in question. -A specially advantageous embodiment of the invention is such that 0.05 ~c~ ~ 0~5, preferably 0.1<~~ < 0.25 where the distance d equals 0.05 to 1 mmy preferably 0~2 -0.5 mm. It has also been found advantageous to choose the height h of the .:
z -~
the surface f and the plane xepresented by the lowest point in the valleys such that this height h lies within the limits:
0.1 d~ h ~d, preferably 0015 d ~ h ~ 0.4 d Extensive production trials with various aluminum allcys on a castlng unit with moving, caterpillar track type molds have shown that using molds with surfaces roughened in this manner avoids the entrapment of gases and therefore allows top quality cast strip to be produced.
The improvement in the quality of the cast strip by using the molds in accordance with the present invention can be explained as followc The gas which forms when the melt first comes into contact with the mold surace is able to flow freely in the connecting channels between the projections and is therefore able to escape.
There are special methods which are suitable for producing the necessary roughness pattern; these start from a smooth mold sur-face and do not involve any mechanical deformation of the mold surface. Preferred, is the etching of the requisite patterns into the mold surface.
It has been fcund particularly advantageous to produce an exactly defined roughness pattern by etching via photochemical etching pro-cesses, such as are used in the manufacture of printing rolls for the textile industry or for printed circuits in the electronic industry.
~3~2~
Trials with various aluminum alloys on a casting ~:
unit with rnoving, caterpillar-track type molds have shown that photochemical etching methods for producing a defined roughness pattern is to be preferred over mechanical methods, in particular when the molds are made of copper. Mechanically : ~
roughened copper surfaces always feature a certain amount of ~ ~-surface deformation. Experience shows that these are more susceptible to corrosion, and hydrogen and oxygen embrittlement.
Also, mechanically roughened surfaces exhibit creep char-acteristics which can have an adverse effect on the geometry of the moving mold~ All these negative effects are not observed with the surface which has been photochemically roughened and is :
absolutely free of deformation.
Furthermore, trials have shown that photochemically roughened mold surfaces - for reasons similar to those in casting with moving molcls - also lead to a considerable improvement in . ~:
surface quality of the casting product when casting into chill molds and in continuous D.C. casting with molds where there is sliding contact between the metal being cast and the mold wall.
This improvement means lower finishing costs-` ~ 3~32Z
' . ~
In Fig. 1 the melt (2) is in contact with a mold surface (1) which has been roughened for example by shot peening with steel balls.
The melt therefore comes into contact only with the areas around the tips (3) projecting upwards, and there is a cushion of air (5)~
~etween the melt (2) and the valleys (~) on the surface.
~ , By appropriately dimensioning the relative contact surface area i.e here, the ratio of the sum of the sur~ace F, to F4, to the total surface area Fo, and by selecting the depth of roughness t and the~ ;~
average distance a between nei~hbouring peaks, the heat transfer ~etween the melt and the mold can be regulated.
The section of the mold with a surface în accordance with the present invention features pyramidal shaped projections (6). These~
projections are characteri~ed by a height h and a surface f lying parallel to the surface of the mold. Neighbouring projections are spaced a distance d apart.
:~ ~
From Fig. 2 it is clear that such a uniform pattern of roughness~
allows exact and reproducible control of the heat transfer between~
the melt and the mold, while at the same time the interconnectlng system of channels between the individual projections ensure~s un-hindered escape of the gases formed.
. ~
~ -10- ~:
:~t ll 3~
of heat transfer through the mo1d surfaoe is very high, the demand for uniformity in the grooves is also very high.-Mod~rn machine to~ls can satisfy these requirements only for grooves spaced at about 1 mm or more apart. When the groovinc is to be finer it is difficult to maintain uniform depth and uniform contact surface area. Furthermoxe, the machining costs increase markedly with increasing fineness of the grooves. Also, the surface to be machined in a continuous casting unit with moving molds is very large indeed - in a unit with moving, caterpillar track type molds, where the casting width is 2 m and thP length 3 m, the mold surface area is about 30 m .
Coarse grooving, i.e. a groove spacing of~ 0.5 mm, leads to cxacksp especially when casting wide strip, as too deep penetration of the metal in the valleys of the grooves results in rubbing bet~een the solidified melt and the to such an extent that the shrinkage on solidification is hindered.
.
b) By striking the mold with hard particles - steel balls in particular - the surface is indented. This method leads to a uniform reduction in heat transfer which, at a suitable metallostatic pressure, permits the casting also of highly alloyed alloys (e.g. AlMg 4.5) ~ith moving molds, in parti--cular if the mold is made of copper. Practical experience has however revealed another disadvantage of this process which is described in the following:
_5_ :
~3~ZZ
During long production runs, it is unavoidable that impur- ;
ities gather in the recesses formed by peening or other- ; ~ :~
wise impacting, and these dec~mpose to produce gases when ;
heated. These impurities include organic substances, hydroxides and various salts which contain water~of crystallization. I~, on casting, the metal comes into con-tact with such a contaminated area, then gas is produced.
At high casting speeds in particular this gas is trapped between the melt and the mold as, because of the special ~ ~
feature of the roughening (craters adjacent to each other -but separated hy ridges) the flow of the gas parallel to the mold surface is greatly hindered as soon as the melt touches the sur~ace. Bubbles of gas trapped between the mold and the solidifying metal, however, lead to flaws in the cast strip, which generally result in the strip being ~ ~ :
scrapped. It has also been found that the removal of these~
impurities by the various cleaning methods - taking into account the safety mea~ures required in production - does not provide a suitable remedy.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to develop a mold~
with a roughened surface for use in the casting of metalj whereby~
the said surface provides the requisite uniform, and exact reductian~
in heat transfer between the melt and the mold, at the same time avoiding flaws in the surface of the cast product which are caused ~
by gas ~rapped between the melt and the mold. ~ ;
'` ~.
3~Z~, This invention relates to a casting system for ~ :
casting molten metal lnto a mold. It comprises a source of molten metal and a casting mold which has a roughened surface ` :~
such that the molten metal on initial contact with the mold contacts only the high points of the roughened surface and thereby forming an air gap between the molten metal and the low points of the roughened mold surface. The low points of the roughened mold surface are interconnected so that gases in the air gap escape therefrom parallel to the mold surface thereby preventing the melt from rising from the mold surface.
The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings which show a preferred form thereof a.nd wherein:
Fig. l is a cross-section through a part of a :.
mold, the surface of which has been roughened for example by shot peening with steel balls,.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a section of the surface of the mold in accordance with the .
invention~
The foregoing ob]ect is achieved by way of the present invention in that the valleys `~
- ~a -g~2 in the roughened surface are interconnected in such a way that gases produced in the valleys when the melt comes in contact with the mold can escape without hindrance parallel to the mold surface, with the result that the melt is not raised from the mold surface as a result of excessively high gas pressure in that region.
An advantageous version of the object of the present invention is such that the mold surface features a roughened surface comprising a regular pattern of pyramidal or bluntcone projections.
When molten metal flows into this mold surface, then it comes into contact only with the surfaces f of the projections lying parallel to the surface of the mold. Con-sequently, the heat transfer during the initial stages of solidification can be chosen via the equation ~ f/d2 The distance d between nei~hbouring projection is defined here as the distance between the centers of the surfaces f -in question. -A specially advantageous embodiment of the invention is such that 0.05 ~c~ ~ 0~5, preferably 0.1<~~ < 0.25 where the distance d equals 0.05 to 1 mmy preferably 0~2 -0.5 mm. It has also been found advantageous to choose the height h of the .:
z -~
the surface f and the plane xepresented by the lowest point in the valleys such that this height h lies within the limits:
0.1 d~ h ~d, preferably 0015 d ~ h ~ 0.4 d Extensive production trials with various aluminum allcys on a castlng unit with moving, caterpillar track type molds have shown that using molds with surfaces roughened in this manner avoids the entrapment of gases and therefore allows top quality cast strip to be produced.
The improvement in the quality of the cast strip by using the molds in accordance with the present invention can be explained as followc The gas which forms when the melt first comes into contact with the mold surace is able to flow freely in the connecting channels between the projections and is therefore able to escape.
There are special methods which are suitable for producing the necessary roughness pattern; these start from a smooth mold sur-face and do not involve any mechanical deformation of the mold surface. Preferred, is the etching of the requisite patterns into the mold surface.
It has been fcund particularly advantageous to produce an exactly defined roughness pattern by etching via photochemical etching pro-cesses, such as are used in the manufacture of printing rolls for the textile industry or for printed circuits in the electronic industry.
~3~2~
Trials with various aluminum alloys on a casting ~:
unit with rnoving, caterpillar-track type molds have shown that photochemical etching methods for producing a defined roughness pattern is to be preferred over mechanical methods, in particular when the molds are made of copper. Mechanically : ~
roughened copper surfaces always feature a certain amount of ~ ~-surface deformation. Experience shows that these are more susceptible to corrosion, and hydrogen and oxygen embrittlement.
Also, mechanically roughened surfaces exhibit creep char-acteristics which can have an adverse effect on the geometry of the moving mold~ All these negative effects are not observed with the surface which has been photochemically roughened and is :
absolutely free of deformation.
Furthermore, trials have shown that photochemically roughened mold surfaces - for reasons similar to those in casting with moving molcls - also lead to a considerable improvement in . ~:
surface quality of the casting product when casting into chill molds and in continuous D.C. casting with molds where there is sliding contact between the metal being cast and the mold wall.
This improvement means lower finishing costs-` ~ 3~32Z
' . ~
In Fig. 1 the melt (2) is in contact with a mold surface (1) which has been roughened for example by shot peening with steel balls.
The melt therefore comes into contact only with the areas around the tips (3) projecting upwards, and there is a cushion of air (5)~
~etween the melt (2) and the valleys (~) on the surface.
~ , By appropriately dimensioning the relative contact surface area i.e here, the ratio of the sum of the sur~ace F, to F4, to the total surface area Fo, and by selecting the depth of roughness t and the~ ;~
average distance a between nei~hbouring peaks, the heat transfer ~etween the melt and the mold can be regulated.
The section of the mold with a surface în accordance with the present invention features pyramidal shaped projections (6). These~
projections are characteri~ed by a height h and a surface f lying parallel to the surface of the mold. Neighbouring projections are spaced a distance d apart.
:~ ~
From Fig. 2 it is clear that such a uniform pattern of roughness~
allows exact and reproducible control of the heat transfer between~
the melt and the mold, while at the same time the interconnectlng system of channels between the individual projections ensure~s un-hindered escape of the gases formed.
. ~
~ -10- ~:
Claims (9)
1. A casting system for casting molten metal into a mold comprising a source of molten metal and a casting mold, said casting mold having a roughened surface comprising a uniform array of projections in the shape of a frustum of a pyramid such that said molten metal on initial contact with said mold contacts only top surfaces of said array of frustums which constitute high points of said roughened surface there-by forming an air gap between said molten metal and low points of said roughened mold surface wherein said low points of said roughened mold surface are interconnected so that gases in said air gap escape therefrom parallel to said mold surface thereby preventing the melt from rising from said mold surface wherein said projections are spaced apart a distance d of about 0.05 mm to 1 mm and the area of the top surface f of said projections is about 0.05 d2<f<0.5 d2.
2. A casting system according to claim 1 wherein said projections are spaced apart a distance d of about 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm.
3. A casting system according to claim 2 wherein said projections are of a height h equal to about 0.1<d<h d.
4. A casting system according to claim 3 wherein the area of the top surface f of said projections is about 0.1 d2<f<0.25 d2
5. A casting machine according to claim 3 wherein said projections are of a height h equal to about 0.15<d<h 0.4 d.
6. A casting system according to claim 1 wherein said casting system is a continuous casting system.
7. A casting system according to claim 6 wherein said continuous casting system comprises moving molds.
8. A casting system according to claim 7 wherein said moving molds are caterpillar track type belts.
9. A casting system according to claim 6 wherein there is sliding contact between said mold and said molten metal.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH11328/78-5 | 1978-11-03 | ||
| CH1132878A CH633206A5 (en) | 1978-11-03 | 1978-11-03 | CHOCOLATE WITH Roughened Surface For Casting Metals. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1143922A true CA1143922A (en) | 1983-04-05 |
Family
ID=4372443
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000339006A Expired CA1143922A (en) | 1978-11-03 | 1979-11-02 | Mold with roughened surface for casting metals |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5564950A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU527675B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE879721A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1143922A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH633206A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2856472C2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES485112A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2440236A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2034217B (en) |
| IN (1) | IN151740B (en) |
| IS (1) | IS1102B6 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1125524B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7907798A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO793517L (en) |
| SE (1) | SE441420B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA795516B (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2100154B (en) * | 1981-04-27 | 1985-11-06 | Sumitomo Metal Ind | Molds for continuously casting steel |
| EP0111728A3 (en) * | 1982-11-12 | 1985-04-03 | Concast Standard Ag | Method of and device for producing products in the shape of strips or foils |
| EP0158898B1 (en) * | 1984-04-13 | 1990-06-06 | Hans Horst | Equipment for continuous casting, and method for its manufacture |
| JPS63256251A (en) * | 1987-04-13 | 1988-10-24 | Toyota Motor Corp | Method for preventing casting defect in die casting |
| JPH02108442A (en) * | 1988-10-19 | 1990-04-20 | Nkk Corp | Block type shifting mold |
| DE3902452A1 (en) * | 1989-01-27 | 1990-08-02 | Heliotronic Gmbh | SUBSTRATE WITH A STRUCTURED SURFACE FOR THE GROWING-ON OF MATERIAL LAYERS FROM MELT, IN PARTICULAR OF SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIAL |
| US6024162A (en) * | 1994-12-28 | 2000-02-15 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Continuous casting method for billet |
| DE102005023745B4 (en) | 2005-03-10 | 2022-02-10 | Sms Group Gmbh | Process for producing a continuous casting mold and continuous casting mold |
| DE102005062854A1 (en) | 2005-12-23 | 2007-07-05 | Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh | Method and device for producing metallic hot strips, in particular made of lightweight steel |
| KR100779600B1 (en) * | 2006-08-02 | 2007-11-26 | 주식회사 포스코 | Methode for forming continuous channel of the surface of casting roll for the twin roll strip casting process |
| KR100779574B1 (en) * | 2006-08-02 | 2007-11-29 | 주식회사 포스코 | Casting roll for twin roll strip caster |
| JP4564479B2 (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2010-10-20 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Mold surface treatment apparatus and mold manufacturing method using the surface treatment apparatus |
| JP5255461B2 (en) | 2009-01-09 | 2013-08-07 | 三菱日立製鉄機械株式会社 | Twin roll type continuous casting machine |
| DE102014221852A1 (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2016-04-28 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Casting tool with at least one cavity for producing at least one casting |
| DE102017105570A1 (en) | 2017-03-15 | 2018-09-20 | Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh | Horizontal strip caster with optimized casting belt |
| CN117916037A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2024-04-19 | 诺维尔里斯公司 | System and method for producing textured casting molds for continuous belt casters |
| CN114378267A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-04-22 | 山东理工大学 | Side sealing plate applied to double-roller casting and rolling |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE630095A (en) * | ||||
| AT113359B (en) * | 1927-06-08 | 1929-05-25 | Int De Lavaud Mfg Corp Ltd | Steel mold and method of making it. |
| DE649492C (en) * | 1934-03-07 | 1937-08-25 | August Thyssen Huette Akt Ges | Mold for the production of steel mill blocks, in particular centrifugally cast steel blocks |
| FR1085512A (en) * | 1952-10-28 | 1955-02-03 | Mannesmann Ag | Process for increasing the casting efficiency in bead casting installations |
| FR75298E (en) * | 1959-03-10 | 1961-06-05 | Mannesmann Ag | Process for increasing the casting efficiency in bead casting installations |
| AT254415B (en) * | 1964-09-28 | 1967-05-26 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Continuous casting mold |
| US3345738A (en) * | 1964-11-10 | 1967-10-10 | Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp | Method of producing steel strip of uniform thickness by direct casting |
| US3642055A (en) * | 1969-12-29 | 1972-02-15 | Reynolds Metals Co | Method of and apparatus for continuously casting molten metal |
| JPS5232817A (en) * | 1975-09-08 | 1977-03-12 | Nippon Steel Corp | Molten substance solidifying mold or vessel having notch in molten substance contact surface |
-
1978
- 1978-11-03 CH CH1132878A patent/CH633206A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-12-28 DE DE2856472A patent/DE2856472C2/en not_active Expired
-
1979
- 1979-02-16 ZA ZA00795516A patent/ZA795516B/en unknown
- 1979-10-17 ES ES485112A patent/ES485112A1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-10-18 IS IS2517A patent/IS1102B6/en unknown
- 1979-10-19 IT IT26655/79A patent/IT1125524B/en active
- 1979-10-23 NL NL7907798A patent/NL7907798A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-10-24 AU AU52121/79A patent/AU527675B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1979-10-25 FR FR7926547A patent/FR2440236A1/en active Granted
- 1979-10-25 IN IN1106/CAL/79A patent/IN151740B/en unknown
- 1979-10-29 JP JP13973479A patent/JPS5564950A/en active Granted
- 1979-10-30 BE BE0/197886A patent/BE879721A/en unknown
- 1979-11-01 NO NO793517A patent/NO793517L/en unknown
- 1979-11-01 SE SE7909073A patent/SE441420B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-11-01 GB GB7937893A patent/GB2034217B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-11-02 CA CA000339006A patent/CA1143922A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE879721A (en) | 1980-02-15 |
| JPS641227B2 (en) | 1989-01-10 |
| IS2517A7 (en) | 1979-11-30 |
| GB2034217B (en) | 1983-07-20 |
| NO793517L (en) | 1980-05-06 |
| SE7909073L (en) | 1980-05-04 |
| DE2856472C2 (en) | 1984-05-17 |
| DE2856472A1 (en) | 1980-05-14 |
| CH633206A5 (en) | 1982-11-30 |
| AU527675B2 (en) | 1983-03-17 |
| IN151740B (en) | 1983-07-16 |
| FR2440236B1 (en) | 1983-12-16 |
| AU5212179A (en) | 1980-05-15 |
| ZA795516B (en) | 1980-11-26 |
| ES485112A1 (en) | 1980-05-16 |
| GB2034217A (en) | 1980-06-04 |
| FR2440236A1 (en) | 1980-05-30 |
| IT1125524B (en) | 1986-05-14 |
| NL7907798A (en) | 1980-05-07 |
| IT7926655A0 (en) | 1979-10-19 |
| SE441420B (en) | 1985-10-07 |
| IS1102B6 (en) | 1982-11-18 |
| JPS5564950A (en) | 1980-05-16 |
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