CA1138931A - Prevention of electrode fouling - Google Patents
Prevention of electrode foulingInfo
- Publication number
- CA1138931A CA1138931A CA000336803A CA336803A CA1138931A CA 1138931 A CA1138931 A CA 1138931A CA 000336803 A CA000336803 A CA 000336803A CA 336803 A CA336803 A CA 336803A CA 1138931 A CA1138931 A CA 1138931A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- electrodes
- time period
- bactericidal solution
- bacteria
- bactericidal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title description 4
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical group OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- JCIIKRHCWVHVFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-amine;hydrochloride Chemical group Cl.NC1=NC=NS1 JCIIKRHCWVHVFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229940096826 phenylmercuric acetate Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001139 pH measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940083608 sodium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013504 Triton X-100 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- AWUCVROLDVIAJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-glycerophosphate Natural products OCC(O)COP(O)(O)=O AWUCVROLDVIAJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010960 commercial process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 isooctyl phenoxy Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002605 large molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- IWZKICVEHNUQTL-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogen phthalate Chemical compound [K+].OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O IWZKICVEHNUQTL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N sn-glycerol 3-phosphate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)COP(O)(O)=O AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FBWNMEQMRUMQSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tergitol NP-9 Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO)C=C1 FBWNMEQMRUMQSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
- G01N27/38—Cleaning of electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/26—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of pH
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
- C12Q1/04—Determining presence or kind of microorganism; Use of selective media for testing antibiotics or bacteriocides; Compositions containing a chemical indicator therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/957,947 US4214050A (en) | 1978-11-06 | 1978-11-06 | Prevention of electrode fouling |
| US957,947 | 1978-11-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1138931A true CA1138931A (en) | 1983-01-04 |
Family
ID=25500381
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000336803A Expired CA1138931A (en) | 1978-11-06 | 1979-10-02 | Prevention of electrode fouling |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4214050A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS5563749A (enExample) |
| BE (1) | BE879808A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1138931A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2943751A1 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2441165A1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB2037438B (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT1124914B (enExample) |
| NL (1) | NL7907631A (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4477438A (en) * | 1982-11-12 | 1984-10-16 | Surgikos, Inc. | Hydrogen peroxide composition |
| JPH0270612A (ja) * | 1988-09-05 | 1990-03-09 | Nippon Syst Akad:Kk | 仕分け用コンベヤ装置 |
| DE102005035511A1 (de) * | 2005-07-26 | 2007-02-01 | Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik mbH + Co. KG | Verfahren zum Reinigen und Kalibrieren eines Sensors |
| US7736776B1 (en) * | 2006-04-04 | 2010-06-15 | Spielman Rick B | Method and system for removal of ammonia from wastewater by electrolysis |
| DE102009042528B4 (de) * | 2009-09-24 | 2013-10-31 | Gerald Scharrer | Verfahren zur Überprüfung der Reagierfähgikeit eines elektronischen Sensors |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3352762A (en) * | 1964-08-10 | 1967-11-14 | Bernard A Weiner | Disinfectant-containing stopper for prolonged aerobic fermentations |
| US3344061A (en) * | 1965-08-12 | 1967-09-26 | Griffin Pollution Control Corp | Electrochemical method and apparatus for producing activated gases for the treatmentof sewage |
| US3448018A (en) * | 1966-01-17 | 1969-06-03 | Dow Chemical Co | Preventing fouling of electrodes |
| NL6704385A (enExample) * | 1967-03-28 | 1968-09-30 | ||
| US4106995A (en) * | 1976-08-05 | 1978-08-15 | Robertshaw Controls Company | Microorganism growth inhibitor device |
-
1978
- 1978-11-06 US US05/957,947 patent/US4214050A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1979
- 1979-10-02 CA CA000336803A patent/CA1138931A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-10-16 NL NL7907631A patent/NL7907631A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-10-30 DE DE19792943751 patent/DE2943751A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-10-31 FR FR7927046A patent/FR2441165A1/fr active Granted
- 1979-10-31 JP JP14000679A patent/JPS5563749A/ja active Granted
- 1979-11-05 IT IT27041/79A patent/IT1124914B/it active
- 1979-11-05 BE BE0/197950A patent/BE879808A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-11-05 GB GB7938182A patent/GB2037438B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL7907631A (nl) | 1980-05-08 |
| US4214050A (en) | 1980-07-22 |
| FR2441165B1 (enExample) | 1982-08-27 |
| FR2441165A1 (fr) | 1980-06-06 |
| JPS6341021B2 (enExample) | 1988-08-15 |
| GB2037438A (en) | 1980-07-09 |
| BE879808A (fr) | 1980-05-05 |
| IT1124914B (it) | 1986-05-14 |
| JPS5563749A (en) | 1980-05-14 |
| IT7927041A0 (it) | 1979-11-05 |
| GB2037438B (en) | 1983-05-05 |
| DE2943751A1 (de) | 1980-05-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |