CA1089607A - Inorganic pigment comprising a solid solution of differing spinels - Google Patents
Inorganic pigment comprising a solid solution of differing spinelsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1089607A CA1089607A CA282,122A CA282122A CA1089607A CA 1089607 A CA1089607 A CA 1089607A CA 282122 A CA282122 A CA 282122A CA 1089607 A CA1089607 A CA 1089607A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- spinel
- solid solution
- inorganic pigment
- metal oxides
- forming
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910052566 spinel group Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 42
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 251
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 251
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 abstract description 50
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000013350 formula milk Nutrition 0.000 description 44
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910010113 LiAlTiO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZSBXGIUJOOQZMP-JLNYLFASSA-N Matrine Chemical compound C1CC[C@H]2CN3C(=O)CCC[C@@H]3[C@@H]3[C@H]2N1CCC3 ZSBXGIUJOOQZMP-JLNYLFASSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 glazes Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910011197 Li2Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021543 Nickel dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003080 TiO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019365 chlortetracycline Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000001 cobalt(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001056 green pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000008 nickel(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000003270 potassium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011698 potassium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/36—Compounds of titanium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/0009—Pigments for ceramics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/40—Compounds of aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Compounds Of Iron (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US716,343 | 1976-08-20 | ||
| US05/716,343 US4075029A (en) | 1976-08-20 | 1976-08-20 | Inorganic pigment comprising a solid solution of differing spinels |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1089607A true CA1089607A (en) | 1980-11-18 |
Family
ID=24877662
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA282,122A Expired CA1089607A (en) | 1976-08-20 | 1977-07-06 | Inorganic pigment comprising a solid solution of differing spinels |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4075029A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| JP (1) | JPS5326299A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| AR (1) | AR213974A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| AU (1) | AU509977B2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| BE (1) | BE855529A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| BR (1) | BR7705228A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| CA (1) | CA1089607A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| DE (1) | DE2735415A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| ES (1) | ES461728A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| FR (1) | FR2362096A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| GB (1) | GB1535651A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| IT (1) | IT1082869B (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| MX (1) | MX4208E (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| NL (1) | NL7706055A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| PT (1) | PT66930B (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4202702A (en) * | 1978-12-26 | 1980-05-13 | Ferro Corporation | Inorganic pigment comprising a solid solution of differing spinels |
| US4231231A (en) * | 1979-04-13 | 1980-11-04 | Corning Glass Works | Cryogenic ceramic and apparatus |
| US4205996A (en) * | 1979-04-26 | 1980-06-03 | Scm Corporation | CoO Free black spinel ceramic pigment containing NiO, Fe2 O3 and Cr2 O3 |
| US4292294A (en) * | 1979-05-09 | 1981-09-29 | Basf Wyandotte Corporation | Yellow pigments stable at high temperatures |
| JPS57121063A (en) * | 1981-01-21 | 1982-07-28 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Electrically conductive pigment and its preparation |
| US4317683A (en) * | 1981-03-02 | 1982-03-02 | Mobay Chemical Corporation | Orange pigments of inverse spinel structure produced by co-calcination of compounds of iron and zinc with compounds of titanium, tin and/or silicon |
| US5249525A (en) * | 1988-08-19 | 1993-10-05 | Presstek, Inc. | Spark-discharge lithography plates containing image-support pigments |
| US5080718A (en) * | 1989-02-23 | 1992-01-14 | Engelhard Corporation | Inorganic pigments of the empirical formula Ax By Cz |
| DE4131548A1 (de) * | 1991-09-21 | 1993-03-25 | Degussa | Braune spinellfarbkoerper auf der basis von zinkchromit, verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung |
| DE4401657C2 (de) * | 1994-01-21 | 1996-02-08 | Dieter Kuestner | Glasrecyclingverträgliche Pigmente und deren Verwendung |
| JP2741499B2 (ja) * | 1996-02-15 | 1998-04-15 | 工業技術院長 | 耐熱性無機顔料粉末及びその製造方法 |
| DE19647037A1 (de) * | 1996-11-14 | 1998-05-28 | Degussa | Kugelförmige Farbpigmente, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und deren Verwendung |
| US6251150B1 (en) * | 1999-05-27 | 2001-06-26 | Ekc Technology, Inc. | Slurry composition and method of chemical mechanical polishing using same |
| US6706785B1 (en) | 2000-02-18 | 2004-03-16 | Rona/Emi Industries, Inc. | Methods and compositions related to laser sensitive pigments for laser marking of plastics |
| US20070104923A1 (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2007-05-10 | Whitaker Robert H | Novel mineral composition |
| US7651559B2 (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2010-01-26 | Franklin Industrial Minerals | Mineral composition |
| EP2046271B1 (en) * | 2006-07-25 | 2018-12-05 | Ferro Corporation | Special effect pigments |
| EP3126460B1 (en) | 2014-04-02 | 2020-01-15 | Ferro Corporation | Copper oxide infrared pigments, methods for their production and paints comprising the pigments |
| US9187617B1 (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2015-11-17 | Ferro Corporation | Nickel-free green pigment |
| EP3224201A1 (en) | 2014-11-03 | 2017-10-04 | The Shepherd Color Company | PIGMENTS BASED ON LiSbO3 AND LiNbO3 RELATED STRUCTURES |
| WO2017127788A1 (en) | 2016-01-21 | 2017-07-27 | Ferro Corporation | Modified black spinel pigments for glass and ceramic enamel applications |
| JP7557294B2 (ja) * | 2020-07-14 | 2024-09-27 | 東洋アルミニウム株式会社 | 被覆顔料 |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2139686A (en) * | 1934-03-14 | 1938-12-13 | Lederle Ekbert | White pigment |
| US3091544A (en) * | 1959-08-05 | 1963-05-28 | Bayer Ag | Crystalline solid solutions with silicon dioxide structures as host components |
| US3214283A (en) * | 1962-12-31 | 1965-10-26 | American Cyanamid Co | Photochromic cement |
| US3282713A (en) * | 1964-11-19 | 1966-11-01 | Corhart Refractories Co | Ceramic refractory |
| US3424551A (en) * | 1964-12-18 | 1969-01-28 | Kewanee Oil Co | Colored titanium pigment materials having a spinel structure and method of preparing same |
| US3342616A (en) * | 1965-09-20 | 1967-09-19 | Corhart Refractories Co | Refractory with periclase-based stabilized solid solution |
| DE2323480C2 (de) * | 1973-05-10 | 1982-02-25 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Türkisfarbene anorganische Farbpigmente |
-
1976
- 1976-08-20 US US05/716,343 patent/US4075029A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1977
- 1977-05-30 MX MX77100612U patent/MX4208E/es unknown
- 1977-06-02 NL NL7706055A patent/NL7706055A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-06-09 BE BE178315A patent/BE855529A/xx unknown
- 1977-06-09 AU AU25971/77A patent/AU509977B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-06-10 GB GB24446/77A patent/GB1535651A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-07-06 CA CA282,122A patent/CA1089607A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-07-07 IT IT46873/77A patent/IT1082869B/it active
- 1977-07-13 JP JP8308877A patent/JPS5326299A/ja active Granted
- 1977-08-05 DE DE19772735415 patent/DE2735415A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1977-08-08 BR BR7705228A patent/BR7705228A/pt unknown
- 1977-08-17 PT PT66930A patent/PT66930B/pt unknown
- 1977-08-18 ES ES461728A patent/ES461728A1/es not_active Expired
- 1977-08-19 FR FR7725482A patent/FR2362096A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1977-08-22 AR AR268885A patent/AR213974A1/es active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5326299A (en) | 1978-03-10 |
| JPS5523210B2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) | 1980-06-21 |
| BE855529A (nl) | 1977-10-03 |
| PT66930B (en) | 1979-02-05 |
| FR2362096A1 (fr) | 1978-03-17 |
| US4075029A (en) | 1978-02-21 |
| NL7706055A (nl) | 1978-02-22 |
| MX4208E (es) | 1982-01-27 |
| AR213974A1 (es) | 1979-04-11 |
| DE2735415A1 (de) | 1978-02-23 |
| AU509977B2 (en) | 1980-06-05 |
| PT66930A (en) | 1977-09-01 |
| AU2597177A (en) | 1978-12-14 |
| IT1082869B (it) | 1985-05-21 |
| BR7705228A (pt) | 1978-06-06 |
| GB1535651A (en) | 1978-12-13 |
| ES461728A1 (es) | 1978-05-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |