CA1086091A - Concrete form panel tying apparatus - Google Patents
Concrete form panel tying apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- CA1086091A CA1086091A CA252,402A CA252402A CA1086091A CA 1086091 A CA1086091 A CA 1086091A CA 252402 A CA252402 A CA 252402A CA 1086091 A CA1086091 A CA 1086091A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tie
- clamping
- anchoring
- bearing
- bearing member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
- E04G17/07—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are fastened or tensioned by means of wedge-shaped members
- E04G17/0728—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are fastened or tensioned by means of wedge-shaped members the element consisting of several parts
- E04G17/0742—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are fastened or tensioned by means of wedge-shaped members the element consisting of several parts remaining completely or partially embedded in the cast material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
- E04G17/065—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are threaded to enable their fastening or tensioning
- E04G17/0655—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are threaded to enable their fastening or tensioning the element consisting of several parts
- E04G17/0657—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are threaded to enable their fastening or tensioning the element consisting of several parts fully recoverable
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
- E04G17/065—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are threaded to enable their fastening or tensioning
- E04G17/0655—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are threaded to enable their fastening or tensioning the element consisting of several parts
- E04G17/0658—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are threaded to enable their fastening or tensioning the element consisting of several parts remaining completely or partially embedded in the cast material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
- E04G17/075—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are fastened or tensioned by other means
- E04G17/0755—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are fastened or tensioned by other means the element consisting of several parts
- E04G17/0757—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are fastened or tensioned by other means the element consisting of several parts fully recoverable
Abstract
TITLE OF THE INVENTION
CONCRETE FORM PANEL TYING APPARATUS
INVENTORS
JAMES K. STRICKLAND, FRANK R. CAPPS, TODOB. NEKOLA and WILLIAM A. FREMER
Apparatus for tying together concrete form panels includes an elongated tie and means attachable to a concrete form panel for anchoring the tie to restrain relative movement between the tie and the form panel.
Means are provided both to facilitate engagement and release of the tie by the clamping member and to compensate for misalignment between the tie and the form panel and between opposing form panels.
CONCRETE FORM PANEL TYING APPARATUS
INVENTORS
JAMES K. STRICKLAND, FRANK R. CAPPS, TODOB. NEKOLA and WILLIAM A. FREMER
Apparatus for tying together concrete form panels includes an elongated tie and means attachable to a concrete form panel for anchoring the tie to restrain relative movement between the tie and the form panel.
Means are provided both to facilitate engagement and release of the tie by the clamping member and to compensate for misalignment between the tie and the form panel and between opposing form panels.
Description
~ BACKGROUND OF 'rHE I~JENTION
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This invention relates to the field of concrete construction and more particularly to the field oE concrete construction forlnwor!i and apparatus for assembling such formwork into functional units. Speci,icall~-, this invention relates to apparatus for tying form~ or~; panels together b~,-means of elongated ties and fastening devices attachable to the panels to secure the ties and panels against relative movement.
'rO construct concrete forms from pznels rr aintained in spaced opposed relationship, nurnerous prior art devices have been proposed and utilized with var~ing degrees of success. 'rhese devices ha-~e generally comprised a rod extending bet~ een and through both auch panels with varying forms of wedging or loc~;ing devices pro~-ided to ~L ip the ends of the tie and thus prevent outward move~nent oF the orm panela.
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With dev~ces of this nature the forms are generally pro-~ided ~ h - I sp~cers to p~event inward moven~ent there~f, and the rod end fastening -il devices are attacned to ~l.alers on the forrn panels. The rod end fasteni~g i¦ devices have generally tal;ell the form of loops through ~TJhiCh hoo~;s are inserted, nuts threaded onto the end of a threaded tie, or a hot-upset "b~ltton" end similar to the head of a nail or bolt. A major disadvantage that all such apparatus has su~fered has been thè difficulty of removal of the fastening device after the concrete structure has been poured and set.
~his problern is caused by the expansion ~f the concrete during setting greatly increasing the outward pressure against the forn panels and thus against the tie rod end fastening devices. Accordingly, it has required great force to release these prior art devices in order to remove the form panels. ~his difficulty in removing the fastening li devices has resided principally in the inability o such devices to release ~,the longitudinal stresses on the rods quickly upon the initiation of the releasing action. ~nother disadvantage suffered by the structures usin~
. threaded ties and nuts or ties with enlærged headed ends has been their inability to compensate for misalignment between the tie and the clampin~ j structure on the form panel. Misalignment of these prior art devices, O generally maniîested by angular displacement of the tie fro~n a line n~rmal to the fo~rn panel, has generally resulted in the imposition of ~ . , . I
the entire longitudinal stress upon one corner or a very small portion ¦ ~ tl~is tie end anchoring structure. ~his condition not only increases ', I thc clif~iculty o~ releasing t~le clamp but also imposes severe bendin~
¦ stresses on the tie, possible leading to its failure.
., .
This invention relates to the field of concrete construction and more particularly to the field oE concrete construction forlnwor!i and apparatus for assembling such formwork into functional units. Speci,icall~-, this invention relates to apparatus for tying form~ or~; panels together b~,-means of elongated ties and fastening devices attachable to the panels to secure the ties and panels against relative movement.
'rO construct concrete forms from pznels rr aintained in spaced opposed relationship, nurnerous prior art devices have been proposed and utilized with var~ing degrees of success. 'rhese devices ha-~e generally comprised a rod extending bet~ een and through both auch panels with varying forms of wedging or loc~;ing devices pro~-ided to ~L ip the ends of the tie and thus prevent outward move~nent oF the orm panela.
.
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With dev~ces of this nature the forms are generally pro-~ided ~ h - I sp~cers to p~event inward moven~ent there~f, and the rod end fastening -il devices are attacned to ~l.alers on the forrn panels. The rod end fasteni~g i¦ devices have generally tal;ell the form of loops through ~TJhiCh hoo~;s are inserted, nuts threaded onto the end of a threaded tie, or a hot-upset "b~ltton" end similar to the head of a nail or bolt. A major disadvantage that all such apparatus has su~fered has been thè difficulty of removal of the fastening device after the concrete structure has been poured and set.
~his problern is caused by the expansion ~f the concrete during setting greatly increasing the outward pressure against the forn panels and thus against the tie rod end fastening devices. Accordingly, it has required great force to release these prior art devices in order to remove the form panels. ~his difficulty in removing the fastening li devices has resided principally in the inability o such devices to release ~,the longitudinal stresses on the rods quickly upon the initiation of the releasing action. ~nother disadvantage suffered by the structures usin~
. threaded ties and nuts or ties with enlærged headed ends has been their inability to compensate for misalignment between the tie and the clampin~ j structure on the form panel. Misalignment of these prior art devices, O generally maniîested by angular displacement of the tie fro~n a line n~rmal to the fo~rn panel, has generally resulted in the imposition of ~ . , . I
the entire longitudinal stress upon one corner or a very small portion ¦ ~ tl~is tie end anchoring structure. ~his condition not only increases ', I thc clif~iculty o~ releasing t~le clamp but also imposes severe bendin~
¦ stresses on the tie, possible leading to its failure.
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In view of the foregoing disadvantages of the prior art aevices it is an aspect of this invention to provide concrete form panel tying apparatus which may quickly and easily be in-stalled to clamp form panels into place and may quickly and easily be removed to release such panels, even when such panels are under great pressure from the concrete structure formed with-in. It is another aspect of ~his invention to provide concrete ; form panel tying apparatus which compensates for some amount of misalignment between the tie and the form panel and avoids the imposition of excessive point loadings and bending stresses upon the tie.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, this invention provides means for anchoring a tie to a concrete form panel comprising a first and second bearing member, having respectively first and second apertures therethrough for receiving such a tie, the first bearing member having a convexly curved surface . . .
` adjacent to the first aperture and the second bearing member ;..
having a concavely curved surface adjacent to the second " 20 aperture, the convexly curved surface and the concavely curved ` surface being in engagement with one another with the first and second apertures generally aligned with one another, means whereby one of the bearing members may be engageable with the form panel, and the other of the bearing members including a clamping means, the clamping means including a clamping recess engageable within a groove on an end of the ~ tie, and a sloped clamping surface complementary to a - sloped tie surface defining said groove, the slop~d clamp-ing surface facilitating anchoring of the tie to the form panel and the cooperating curved surfaces on the bearing `- members permitting slight angular misalignment between the form panel and the tie anchored thereto without resulting ` in imposition of substantial bending pressures on the tie.
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.. , l BRIEF DESCRIPTIOi!T OF ~HE DPl~WINGS
~ he f~regoing aspects,as well as others, will become app~rent through consideration of the following detailed description and the accom-panying illustrations in which: j FIG. 1 represents a typical installation of the concrete form panel ... tying apparatus o~ this invention; . ¦ .
FIG. 2 represents a vertical section through the installation taken along line 2-2 o~ Fig. l; . . I
FIG. 3 represents a horizontal sectlon taken through the concrete I :
fo~n panel tying apparatus of Fig. 1, taken along line 3-3 of Pig. 1;
FIG. 4 illustrates one of the devices used for attaching the form^
work tying apparatus of Fig. 3 to a waler;
FIG. 5 is an elevational view, partially in section, of the form panel tying apparatus of Figs. 1-3;
- FIG. 6 is a vertical section of the tying apparatus tal;en along :
line 6-6 of Fig. 5; . .
FIG. 7 is a vertical section of the cla~nping member l:aken along ¦ line 7-7 of Fig. S;
¦ FIG. 8 is a vertical section of the tying apparatus tal;en along 2~ IllineS-80~ig.s; , I .
'il FIC~. 8~ is a fragmentary sectiollal view of a variation of the I~ '''~ ;' ' ,1 !
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- mounting member a~d bearing rnernber of the apparatus of I;~ig. 8; . I
~^ FIG. 8B is a fra~T entary sectional vie~v of a second ~arialion of the moun~ing member and bearing member of the apparatus of Fig. 8;
FIG. 9 is an elevational view o~ the inwardly facing portion of the mountin~S member c,~ :Fig. 8, tal;en along line 9~ Fig. ~;
.. FIG. 10 is an elevational view of the out~ardly facing p~rtion of the bearing member of Fig. 8, taken as indicated by the line 10-10 of Fig. 8;
FIG. 1~ is a side elevation of a device for anchoring a threaded : ~ tie to a form panel;
FIG. 11A is an end elevational view of the anchoring device tal;en along line llA-llA of Fig. 11; .
- FIG. 12 is a side elevation of another embodirnent of a device for anchoring a threadeà tie to a form panel;
~ FIG. 13 is an elevational view of the inwaràl~- facing portion of ... the anchoring device of Fig. 12; -FTG. 14 is a vertical sectional view of an installation of the threaded tie anchoring device of Fig. 12;
:FIG. 15 is a front elevational view, parti211y in section, of another ernbodimeDt of the form panel tying apparatus of this invention, incorpora-tin~ a slidin~ redge-lil;e plate;
~ ?IG. 16 is a vertical sectional view tal;en along line 16-16 of Fi~.l~; !
FI(~. 17 is a fragrmelltary view in vertical section of the tie and 5 !¦ clamping men1ber o~ Fig. 8, ~ritll slleh members angularly misaligned to 5 _ , .
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.illustrate anc~her feature of thiS invention;
I ~?IG. 18 is a p~rtial vertical section similar to Fig. 8; illustrating I the manner of engagement bet~een the tie and clarnping member o~ this ; I invention, ~lith a pt~rtion of the cl~nping member sho~l~n in section;
FIG. 19 is a vertical section similar to Fig. 18, illustrating the ... manner of releasing engagement between the tie and clamping member ol , . . this invention at the initiation of the movement of the cl~nping member, .. shown in section, toward its nonclamping position out of engagement with ' -. the tie; .
-FIGS. 20, 21 and 22 are side elevations of three e~nbodiments of ; tapered form panel ties to be used with the apparatus of this invention; I -.
FIG. 23 is a front elevational view of the outwardly facing portions of another embodiment of the tying apparatus of this invention, illustrated in its clamping position with clamping members engaging the tie;
iS :~IG. 24 is a plan vie~Tr of the apparatus of Fig. 23 with the clampin~
.. members moved to their nonclampin~ positions away frorn engagement . ~ith the tie; ,. .
; FIG. 25 is a horizontal sectional view of the apparatus of Fig. 24 .~. taken along line 25-25 of Fig. 24; I .
- 20 . FIG. 26 is a horizontal sectional view of the app~ratus of Fig. 24 .~ talcen along line 26-26 of Fig. 24.
I ~ ~J~Tf~ILED DESCI~IPTION OF ILLUS'~RA'l IVE E~IBODI~ TS
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... While several illustrative eml~odiments of this invention will be clescribed hcrein, the primary description ~vill be based ~Ip~n the embodi-~5 l~ ment generally illustra~ed in :?igs. 1, 2 and 3.
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Figs. 1 and 2 illustrate the application of this tyin~ apparatus toa pair of s~lhs~antially identical opposed concrete ~orm panels 2. 'rhese form ~anels 2, of any desired height and width, may suitably comprise ! pl~/ood panels 4 braced ~itll h~rizonlal ~iooden walers 6 ~nd vertical steel channel walers 8. Releasably attached to the vertical ~alers 8 are a plurality of tie anchoring clamping units 10 for releasably clamping the form panels 2 to ties 12 extending through the concrete structure 14, ~vhich here is illustrated as a vertical wall.
. The ties 12 may conveniently eomprise either a solid steel member orJ, as illustrated here, a threa~edly connected multi-part steel structure.
In this embodiment the tie 12 comprisea an inner tie 16 permanently and nonrotatably imbedded in the concrete and having threaded ends, each of these ends threadedly received into an elongated tapering nut 18.
'rhe nut 18 in turn is threaded onto outer tie 20 and affixed tllereto by lS pin 22 extending through both the nut 18 and the outer tie 20. 'rhe outer-most extremity 24 of the outer tie 20 con~reniently may be pro~ided with a square head formed by opposed flats 25 to facilitate rotation thereof by a wrench for later remo~al of the outer tie 20 and tapered nut 18 from the concrete structure. rrhis inner tie, if desired, could be made 20 l rernovable bsr encasement within a pla~stic sleeve extending bet~7een the ¦ ~rm panels 2. 'rhe illustrated clamping en~agement of the tie 12 by th~ clamping unit 10 secures the form 2 against anSr substantial displace-mellt longil;udin~Llly oE the lies 12. Con~enientl~, a "l~ick strip~ 26 may ~ be securecl to the subjacenl; supportin~ structure 28 to pro~ide a stop to r~,5 1¦ pre~rent any oul~ ard movement of tl~e base of the io~n p~IICIs 2.
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36~ L 5 l`he de,aile(l structure of the tying appar~tus of Figs. 1 and 2 is ,., more clearly illustrzted in the h~ri~ontal section ol! Fig. 3. This figure illustrates the manner in ~/hicll the elongatecl, tapered connecting nut 18 ~".- joins the inner tie 16 to the outer tie 20, to ~,-hich the nut 18 is pinned.
'~ - j 'rhe nut 18 extends through a closely fitting aperture 19 in panel 4, ~T/ith tlle longitudinally tapering portion projecting intvardly o~ the panel, Such ,~ a longitudinal taper facilitates removal of the nut 18 .~fter the concrete ... structure has set. 'rhe longitudinally outer portion of outer tie 20 ,,.. , . I
extends between vertical ~valers 8 and through apertures in the clamping ~.
apparatus 10 and threadedly receives the internally threa~ed anchoring nut 30, illustrated more clearly in F'igs. 11 and lla. By ~irtue of the engagement of this anchor nut 30 with the clarnping structure 10, the . .
position of the nut 30 longitudinalls~ of the outer île 20 eIfectively deter-mines the posltioning of opposing form panels 2~
~ ig. 3 also illustrates the tie anchoring clamping appar.~tus 10, which includes a clarnping member 32 engaging the anchor nut 30, a mounting member 34 to ~,vhich the clamping member .32 is pivotally attached by means of shoulder bolt 36, and bearing member 38, which ~buts the fianges o walers 8 and bears the in~.vard forces exerted by the remainder of the clamping structure and is attached to mountin~ member 3~.
Each of 9uch members 32, 34 and 36 suitabl~ may be fabric~t~d of ductile st~el~ ~s indicated, the anchor nut 30 is received throu~h apertures 35 and 39 of members 34 and 38, respectively, with apertllre 35 only slightly lar~er in diarneter than the tie portion ~rojecting therethrough and aper-tllrc 3~ sul)stantially lar~cr tharl such tie E~ol~tion~ to iacilitate clamping ! ' ~ i i `i ~.
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~~, and alignment of the tle, as described bc-lo~ onvenicntly, bear~ng '~ j! member 38 may releasably be attached to the ~v~ler ilc~ges by ,~ripping '.
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., 1, . ¦, members 40, illustrated in Fig. 4, ~hich are received onto s~uds ~2 ¦, projecting in~vardly from bearing member 38. These grlpp~lng members 40 ~ desirably are provided ~.~ith teeth 4~ which e~;tend horizontally in the :. ¦ installed position, thus to restrain the tie anclloring clamping structure. 10 . :
i against sliding do~vn the waler when at~ached thereto.
¦ In the plan vie~Y of Fig. 5 the apparatus o this invention is sho~vn with the clamping member 32 both in its clamping position (solid line representation) engaging the tie 12, shown in section, and with the . clamping means 32 pivotally moved to its nonclamping position away fro~n the tie (phantom line representation)O When t~is clamping member 32 i~ in its clamping position, it may be seen that recess 46, in the form of an arcuate slot in clamping member 32, is matingly received a~out a 15 l ¦ portion the tle 12. Since the tie 12 o:~ thls preferred embodiment is round and the recess.46 is configured to correspond ~ith the cross-sec-tional configuration of the tie, the inner end o the recess 46 is semi-. circular and of a diameter only slightly greater than that of the portion .' of the tie 12 r~ceived therein.
~0 When the clamping member 32 is in its clamping position cngaging ¦ the tie 12, it may be seen irom Fig. 3 tllat there is engageInent bet~veenclampin~ m~Inber surface 50 and tie anchor nut shoulder 52 to restrain . .
`.......... ~ny motion o~ the form 2 longitudinally outwardly of the tie 12. In the .; pl~n ~iew c) Fig. 5 it may be seen that the tie en~aging surface 50 of 2rl ~ th~ clam~ g member 32 comprises the por~io~ Or the member 3 . i` ' ' ''' .~ ~ , , . . ... - . . .
)86091 adJacent the semicircular ~nd p~rtion ~f tll~ slot 46. As seen most clearly in ~i~,r. 3, this clamping member surface 50 and tne inc~ting ,' surface 52 of the tic slope lon~itudinally in~ ardly of the ti~ 12 to~ard ~h~ form panel ~ and slope in~ardly to~ard the recess 46. For reasons ' i to be described more full~ belo~, the sloping surface 52 of the tie preferably is convexly sloped, at least at the radially outer portions thereof. Similarly, the mating sloping surface 50 of the clamping mem-ber 32 preferably is concavely curved. These mating surface configurations provide both for àngùlar misalignment and for easy removal of the tie and clamping structure. To facilitate initial clamping engagemen~ between the tie 12 and the clamping member 32 the clamping member portion adjacent the slot 46 and ouhYard Or the semicircular end portion thereof i5 inclined longitudinally inwardly of the tie 12 to provide a ramp For e~erting longitudinally o~u~ward force on the tie as the clamping member 32 is mo~ed to its clamping position. Additionally, the slot 46 is arcuate with the center of cur~rature corresponding to the pivot 36 of the clamping member 32. Thus, ~Yhen clamping member 32 is pulled from its open j -positlon, with clamp n~ember handle 63 in a generally vertical orientation as indicated in phantom in Fig. 5, to the cla:nping position with the ~I handle 68 generally horizontal, the arcuate slot 46 may smooihly receiv~ ¦
the tie 12 as the ramp portion e~;erts longitudinally out~iard force upon ~ ¦
thc tie.
~; To maintain the clamping member 32 in either its fully open non-s I cl~mping position or its fllll clamping position, a springr Ioaded ball 69 is ~`l5 ~ provicled ~vithin a bore 70 in clamp member 32 to en~aC~e~ selectively ~nd ~':, ~ ' .
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`'' i` - 10-., Ij alternaLivcly, either of t~ o (~ctel~ts 92 in mounting men~ber 34, as .. Il . , !! iIldiC~ted in the section of ~ig. 6. Thus, unintended rnovernent of the clamping member from one position to t~le other is avoided ~dditionally, ... - j, , .
i a pin 74 is provided in mounting member 3-~ to engage a portion oi clamping member 32 and tl~us prevent rotation of tile clampins m~nber p25t its 'I full open position.
¦I Several additional features of this in~ention are illustra~ed in the ¦¦ vertical section of l?ig. 8, taken t~rough the apparatus of Fig. 5. As 11 noted above, it is desirable to accommodate some degree of misalignment between the tie 12 and the tie anchoring clamping structure 10. Such accommodation is made in this embodiment by the structural relationship of the bearing member 38 to the mounting member 34. As may be seen from the iilustrations the aperture 39 in bearing member 38 is substarltially larger than the portion of the tie 12 and nut 30 extending therethrough.
This oversize aperture 39 and its conic~lly enlarged configuration permit movement of tlie tie 12 and anchor nut 30 ~vithin the aperture. In I this embo~lirnent of the invention the outwardly facing portion of the bearing ,.
member 38 also includes a convexly curved spherical surface 76 surround-ing the aperture 39. This surface 76 mates with a corresponding conca~el5r curved spherical surface 78 o;l the in~vardly facing portion of the mounti~g ¦ rllember 34. Such mating spherical surfaces effectively form a portion ~;! j of a ball and soclcet joint, ~vith the mounting member 34 perrnitted to 51ide tr.~ns~ersely and rotate sli~ tly ~ith lespect to bearing meml~er 3g.
us, misali~ ent bet~-een corrcspondingr clar~ping members on opposing 1I form panels 2 may be manifested by an~lar displacement of the tie fr~m j~ - ..
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~i ~ ! , . . ' a line norrnal to the forrn panels. By ~irtue of the ball and soc~;et joint Il formed by tlle clamping structure the full stress exerted longitudinally of Il the tie maS~ still l~e taken uniformly upon the spherical surfaces, thus I l avoiding the imposition of excessive bending stresses on the tie 12, The same cf~ects and beneiits obviously could be obtained frorn .he corres-ponding structure of Figure 8A in which the convex and concave portions are re~ersed. Additionally, compensation for some degree of misalign-ment could be obtained from the flat mating surfaces of t'ne corresponding - structure of l?igure 8B, wherein such compensation might ta~;e the form ~f sliding translation of the mounting member 34B ~Yith respect to the bearing member 38B along the mating surfaces 76B and 78B. Further, it may be noted that, while the disclosed spherically curved surfaces accommodate misalignrnent in any dlrection, provision for such misaIignment in only one axis could be obtained by the use of corresponding sur~aces which are cylindrically so curved. The movement between members 34 and 38 neces~ary to allo~r for such n~isalignment is facilitated by the adjustahle attachment of mounting,member 34 to bearing member 38, as sho~,vn In :Fig. 8. This adjustable attachnent may be achieYed tllrough the use of shouldcr bolts 80 tllreaded into rnember 34 and projecting through oversize ¦ holes: ~2 in bearing member 38. ~3etween the head of each sho-llder bolt 80 and tlle bearing member 38 is a compression spring 8 ' and retalner ~6, Il This mounting arrangement thus tends to center mernbers 34 and 38 and '~ ! align thcir respeclive central apertures 35 and 39, through ~,~hich the tie 12 pas~scs, but, ~Yith the o-rersize aperture 39, permits ~ioth the abov-e-. 2~ ' d~scribed an~ lar ~nd transirerse tran~lational movement L>et~ een the `'` !! ' .
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~ 3 members, t~.us to accommodate the aforementioned misalig~nment.
Excessive rotational or-translational movement of the member 34 ~rith ¦I respect to bearing ~ember 38 is r~strained by engag~m~nt of t~.e out~rdl~
I! projecting bosses 92 of the bearing memb~r 38 ~vith tl~e edges of the - 5 i slots 9~ formed in mo~lnting mcmbe~ 34, as most clearly illustrated Figs. 6, 9 and 10.
¦ While a substantial degree of rnisalignment between the tie and the clamping structure is accommodated by the mating surfaces o~ the mounting member 34 and the bearing member 38, other significant bene~its - 10 may be obtained by the manner of engagement between the clamping member 32 and the tie 12. This manner of engagement and the structure relating thereto are shown more clearly by reference to the vertical sectional views of Figs. 7 and 8 and the enlarged fragmentary sectional views of Figs. 17, 18 and 19, the three latter figures corresponding generally to the sectional ~rie~Y of ~iig. 8. hs is illustrated most clearly in Fig. 1~, the engagement between clamping members 32 and tie 12 I occurs by engagement of surface 50 of the clarnping member with surEace 52;
¦ OI the tie. In this case, the tie comprises an end portiorl 54 ha~ing a ~ first dismeter or trans~rerse dimension. ~cljacent this end por ion 54 2n j ls a ?ongitudinally in~rard portion 56 having a second and smaller diameter I or trans~rerse dimension. Extending bei~veen outer portion 54 and .~ ~ lo~lgitudlllally in~vard portion 5B is the surface 52 ~rith at least the j radiall~r nutward portions tllereof having a convex curvature and thus il sloping~ lon~;itu~linally out~vardl~ oE the tie. Prcferably, as in the illustra-~ tion, the e2ltire surrace 52 is collve~ r cur~ed and sloping longi.udinally ,: ; .
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i out~ardly ~ lly adjacert the seconcl tie portion 5G, and opposite surface 52, is the tie third portion 58 havi~g a diameter or transverse dimension greater than that of portioll 56 and desirably equal to that of ¦1 outer portion S4. Conveniently, a shoulder surfacc- 60 extends radially out\vardly from second portion 56 to the radiall~r o~lter e~trcmity of third portion 58 to engage clamping mernber 32 and prevent inward movement of the forrn panel.
The concave curvature of the surface 50, sloping inwardly toward the form panel and configured to mate with tie surface 52 provides sub- i stantial additional benefits to the use of this structure. As is most readily apparent in Figs~ S and 7, this concave sloped surface 50 com-prises the portion of the clamping member 32 immediately adjacent the semicircular end portion of the slot 46. Thus, supportive engagement between the clamping member 32 and the tie 12 occurs around th~t semi- i lS circular surface 50. By virtue of the curved, and prcferably spherical, ! !
.~ mating surfaces 50 and 52, the engagement of these members forms a portion of 2 ball and socket joint. Accordin~l~r, slight angular misalign-ment bet~veen the tie 12 and the ~xis of the clampin~ structure may be ~, compensated by both this ball and socket arrangementj as sho~,vn in the exaggerated representation of Fig. 17, and by the similar socket between mounting membel~ 3~ and bearing member 38. Thus~ even in a condition of such misalignment as might be caused by a 1 1/4 inch displacement i of opposing form panels spaced only 12 inches apart, longitudinal stresses e~erted by the form~orl; against the tie remain relatively evenly I, distril~lltcd over the full semicircular cnga~ement and are not significantly `;'. I~ ' i , ~ - 1 a _ , - .
conc~ntrate~ on a small portioll of the tie. This structure subst lntially I a~Toids the in~position of bending moments such ~s might be ~reated if the i mating surfaces of the tie and the clamping member ~vere ~lat.
¦~ A second benefit from this structure stemming largely fro}rl the . ;i .
sloping cur~ed conliguratic)n of the mating surfaces 50 and 5~ is i]lus-tra-ted m Fig. 19 and by the broken line representation in Fig. 17. These figures illustrate the relative action of the tie 12 and the clamping mem-ber 32 upon the initiation of movement of the member 32 from its clamping position to its nonclamping position. By virtue of the sloped cur~ed surface . lO even slight movement of the member 32 away ~romits clamping position as j indicated by the arro~-rs in Figs- 17 and 19 permits the tie 12 to move relatively axiaLLy in~rardly of the clamping member 32 thus relieving the axial or longitudinal stresses developed in the tie by the exp~nsion of tlle concrete structure during curing. Accordingly. the longitudinal lS stresses are relieved substantially immediately ~pon the initiation of - such movement so that the effort required for complete removal of the clamping member 32 to its nonclamping position is reduced substantially ~; ir~m that ~rhich ~voulcl obtain through the matin~ of tie ~nd clamping mem- I
ber surfaces substantially norrnal to the a~ii of the tie.
~0 While a continuous solid tie is equall~- suitable for use with this lnvcntion the preferred embodiment described above incorporates a thread~d -~ie ~ith tlle above descrlbed clamping member engagin~ s~srfaces ¦ formcd on a nut thrcadedly inserted onto the end of such tie as described I al~ove. Such a nut suitable for use on any threadcd ti2. is more clearly il illustrated in Figs. 11 and lla. In ~ddition to the struct~lre illustrated 1~ 1 . ' - 1 5 -. , ' .
.:. : ~, . . .
in the ~nl-~ ~c~d r~pr~senta~ions of Fig.s. 17, 18 ancl 19, it rnay be seen ¦I that tlle outermost sections o~ the outer end portion 54, adjacent the outcr , surrace 62 ha~,e t~o pairs of radi~lly opposed flats machined therein ~ j parallel to the nut axis. These flats facilitate gril~ping by a wrench for :~ ¦ r~lation of the nut. Additionall~, adiacent the third portion 5~3 of th~ nut is a second conically tapering end portion 66 to facilitate insertion of the nut 30 into the relativel~T close-fitting aperture 35 of the mounting member 34 during assembly of the tie and clamping structure. Another - substantial advantage of this threaded tie and anc~loring nut structure is the readily available means for adjusting the effective length of the tie by scre~ving the anchor nut 30 longitudLnally inwardly or outwardly of the tie.
Thus, it may be seen that numerous substantial benefits are offered by the use of the above described structure for tying together concrete form~vork panels. Compens2tion or Tnisalignment bet~veen the tie and the panel Is provided by ~he engagement oE the respective curvcd surfaces.
Standard tllreaded tie components may be used to permit the construction of walls or other structures of widely varying thicknesses, and rapid release o the longitudinal stresses on the tie rod is provlded by the clamping structure. Additionally, it should be noted tli~t such longitudinal ` 2~ stress may be relie~red by tllis structure in an~r one of three ~vays: a ; ` release of the clamping means by movement of the handle 68 to the non;~ clamping position, rotation of the anchor nut 30 to threadedly relie~re such stress even ~Yhile such nut remains clamped by the clampin" meml)er 32, Il or rotation of the outer tie 20 itself, also to threadedl~r relieve such stress il T~lis last mcalls Or rele~sillg pressure is facilitated by the provision o~
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1~86~3r~ l ¦ flats 25 on the outcr end of ollter tie 20, as indicated ;n ~'ig. 8.
While numerous other variations of this invention rea~ily present , i, .
ji themsclves, a fe~/ of the morc significant arc illustrated in tlle rcmaining figures. Figs. 12 and 13 illustrate a threarled anehor 100 having a large .. . ~. . I
i circular flange 102 ~vith an outwardly facing conve~ly sphericallJ- curved surface 104 to matingl~r engage and cooperate ~Yith surface 76 of bearing' ~nember 38, as illus-trated in Fig. 14. This structure, while providing only for release of longitudinal stress on the tie 12 by rotation of either of such tie outer portion 20 or the anchc~r 100, does provide compensation ¦ for subst'antial'misalignmen~ between the tie and the beari~g member attached to the form panel. Similarly, a ~rasher having one suitably curved ' surface and one flat surface could be used in conjur~ction vith an ordinary flat nut to accommodate such angular misalignment, engaging either the bearing member 38 as here, or the clampillg member 32 as described .`' 15 ~bo~e. Such a nut ~nd ~vasher combination would serve as a fully equiva~ ¦
lent substitute for the special nuts describecl. ' In Figs- 15 and 16 there is illustrated anot'her embodiment of the quiclcly releasable clamping structure. In this embodiment the same I type of anchor nut 30 and threaded outer tie 20 may be used. However, I the clamping, mounting ~nd bearing members are replaced b~ slidable, i ~vedge-shaped clampin~ member 132 cooperating with opp~sltely inclirled edge-sll~pcd bearillg member 138. Thls clarnping member 132 includes a slot :l~6 having a semicircul2r inner end portion ~Trith a con~re~ly in~T/ardly Ilsl~ped tic cn~ging portion 150 adijacent this semicirc~llal in~rard slot ~,'l~ortion, for substantially the same purposes as discusscd ~vitll regard ! ! ~
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- ~I to the previous em~oc~iment. ~s ~vith ~he prcvious ~mbo~liment tile por~ion of clamping member 132 generally adJacent the slot 14G an~l ext~nding 1, out~vardl~r of the semicircular in~ard portion thereof is incline~l to pro-v-ide - I! a ramp for the engagement of the tie 12. ~3y the use of the corresponding . . 5 i inclirled surface of the bearing mcmber 138, tlle tie enga~ing surface 150 ¦ may mat~ squarely ~ ith the surface 52 of the tie. Also. as ~vitll the previous embodiment, the longitudinally out~vard stresses imposed upon ; the tie by this clampin~ structure would be relieved immediately upon~, initiation of the movement OI the clamping member 132 away from engage-ment with the tie toward its nonclamping position in the ~anner described above.
~et ano-ther embodiment of the clamping structure of this invention is illustrated in Figs. 23, 24~ 25 and 26. This structure, while slightly !-~ more complex than the preceding, may be especially desirable where extreme longitudinal stresses on the tie 212 are anticipated. The princi- ¦
p21 benefit of this embodiment is that the t~vo mating clamping members 232 and 233 completely surround the head of the tie 212 when in the clamping posi~ion illustrated 3n Fig. 23 and thus provide a large load bear;ng surface. rrhèse clamping members 232 and 233, possessing the above described concavely sloped tie engaging surfaces 250 and 251, respectively, are jointly pivotally connected to mounting member 234 b~ me.~s OI pivoLal t ' ¦ connection 236. Tl~ese clamping members 232 and 233 also are pi~rotally - ! connected to c n actuating handle 244 by means of linkage members 240 ~nd 242, rc5pec-tively. S-~ch intercolmection providcs for joint pi~-otal ~5 , movemcllt of tl~e t~vo clamp membcrs ~vhen tlle ~c~u~ting h~ndle 244 is , ,~.
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pivoted about pivot member 246 bet~leen the clamping confi~lration I! illustrated in Fig. 23 and the noncl2mping configuration illustrated in ... ;;
, Fig. 24. It rnay bc noted that this cmboc~imcnt is illustrated as used ith a solid tie 212 in place of the threaded tie and anchoring nut of the .. . .
1, previous embocliment, This solid tie 212 is the full equivalent of previouslys 1, described multi-part tie 12 and has a convexly sloped surface 252 for j cooperation ~vith the clamping member surfaces 250 and 251 in the above 1,.' . ~ described manner. Such a solid tie 2l2 rnay also be removable from a .
I completed concrete structure if it is encased within a plastic sleeve ii, 10 extending between the form panelsD It may also be noted that the over- :
.' . center toggle structure of the actuating linkage serves itself to releasably : .
hold the clamping members in either the clamping position or the non- . ¦
. clamping position as desiredJ thus obviating the necessity fo.r a detent ' ~ .:
., as in the previous embodiment.
l While most of the preceding embodiments have been illustrated j ¦ in conjunction with a multi-part threaded tie ~vherein an inner threaded tie is left imbedded in t jh,e concrete structure at comple-tion of the jobJ 1.
I; it must be noted that'other forms of tie are equally suitable for practicing this invention. NIore particularly, solid ties preferab'ly having a con- ¦:
20 ¦ tinuous taperJ such as those illusirated in Figs~ 20, 21 and 22,, may also ~ he used to practice thls invention. After the concrete structure has set,, .~ I tlle continuous taper of these l:ies permits them to be driven out of eng~age-. ~ ~ ent ~vith the struct~lre.
I ~ first embodiment o-f this tapered tic structure is generally `` ~5 Il` indicated by tlle reference numcral 300 in Ii`ig. 20. l~lis elongated tie 300 ;`` i~ o `` li , .~ j`'l . ..
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~I comprises ~ centr~l ~;ectiol- t. pering lo!lgi~udinally fron~ a firs~ diamcter - -or transverse~ dirnension to a seconcl smaller transverse dirnension or -~i di~meter. O~t~vardl~ of tl~is crenter section are t~vo a~:ially aligned outer sections 30~ and 306, both ~ the same diameter, not larger than the , smaller dialneter of the t~pered section, and both having thrcads of ¦ equal size. Tlle threads Or the outer sec~ions 304 and 306 are suitable for threadedly receiving threaded anchors thereupon, preferably of the nature of either the anchor nuts 30 or the anchor nuts 100 of the previous ¦ embodiments.
~lOThe tapered tie 310 of Fig. 21 is a solid, unitary member having the desired end portions integral therewith. As in the above embodLment this tie 310 comprises a lon~itudinally tapering central section 312 ~rith opposing outer sections 314 and 316 extending outwardly thcrefrorn.
In this embodiment the respective outer end portions 31~ and 320 OI end ¦ sections 314 and 316 are of substantially the same diameter, equal to the outer transverse dimension of tlle anchor nut 30 of the earlier embodi-ments. Similarly, corrésponding adjacent longitudinally mward portions 322 and 324 are of a smaller diameter, also as described above, and are joined to the respective outer end portions by convex sloped surfaces 326 , and 328, respectively. With this eml)odiment identical claml~ing members could be uscd with tlle clampi-lg structure at bolh ends, and tlle diameter of tll~ portion 316 would pcrmit the use of all of the previously described I clarnpin~ str~ct~lre for engaging th~t end of the tie. Ho~vever. the ¦1 enlnl~gcd diamctcr of tlle opposite en(l section 319~ ould necessitate use 2~ l~ oî be~rillg mcmbers 38 and mollntiIIg members 3~1 ha~ring s!lLt~bly enl~r~ed 2 ~
., I , i -jl apertur~.s ~ a~d 35, respectively, in order to obtilin th~ necessary !' ClaIllpillg and the desirecl benefits. I-t may be not~d ~ ith ~ h of th~ solid ' ' ' I' -; ;, tapercd tic-s disclosed that it is highly desirable to configure the smaller ¦! diameter end portion no larger in diameter than the smallest diameter ' j of the tapering central section in order to facilitate later removal of the tie from the concre.e structure.
i A third embodiment 330 o~ the tapered tie3 shown in Fig, 22J
¦ liliewise incorporates a longitudinally tapering central section ~vith end ~ -sections extending outwardly-therefrom. The larger end section 333 of this tie is configured generally similarly to the smaller end portion of the embodiment of Fig. 21. Specifically, the outer end portion 334 is ¦ -of a first diameter ~vith a longitudinally adjacent in~vard portion 336 of a second and smaller diameter and joined to said outer end portion by a sloping convex surface. The opposite outer section of this tie is of a diameter generally equal that of tl~e smallest dla~neter of the tapering portion and is provided with threads suitable for threadedly recelving~
thereupon an anchoring member such as the nut 30 described ~vith previous ¦ embodiments. With this embodiment the fi~ed outer end portion 333 ¦ may desir~bly be the same diameter as the largest diameter of tile anchor ' nut 30, so that identical clamping apparatus may be used to clamp each I end of the tie.
- I In each of the tie eml~odiments described and illustrated there is provided not only an out~vard, convexly curved shoulder for engzLging a I clamp mcmber to restrain any out~ ard nlovement of the clannp and the i~ 2 ~ , form pa~l~ls, l~ut also there is provided an inner shoulcler to restrain ` ! .
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opposing clamp members and form panels against any movement to~ard one another. Obviously, the principal benefits of this invention could be ,; I ! ' ; .i .
obtained ~vith ti~ structure omittin~ such inner shoulder and using separate I spacers to restrain opposing forrn panels against movement inwardly - 5 to~v~rd onc another. These and numerous other variations and modifica-,, ~ . , , I .
i tions of t~le apparatus of this invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the scope of this invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiments but is to include all such embodirnents encompassed within the scope Or the claims appended hereto, . , . '. , . .
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In view of the foregoing disadvantages of the prior art aevices it is an aspect of this invention to provide concrete form panel tying apparatus which may quickly and easily be in-stalled to clamp form panels into place and may quickly and easily be removed to release such panels, even when such panels are under great pressure from the concrete structure formed with-in. It is another aspect of ~his invention to provide concrete ; form panel tying apparatus which compensates for some amount of misalignment between the tie and the form panel and avoids the imposition of excessive point loadings and bending stresses upon the tie.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, this invention provides means for anchoring a tie to a concrete form panel comprising a first and second bearing member, having respectively first and second apertures therethrough for receiving such a tie, the first bearing member having a convexly curved surface . . .
` adjacent to the first aperture and the second bearing member ;..
having a concavely curved surface adjacent to the second " 20 aperture, the convexly curved surface and the concavely curved ` surface being in engagement with one another with the first and second apertures generally aligned with one another, means whereby one of the bearing members may be engageable with the form panel, and the other of the bearing members including a clamping means, the clamping means including a clamping recess engageable within a groove on an end of the ~ tie, and a sloped clamping surface complementary to a - sloped tie surface defining said groove, the slop~d clamp-ing surface facilitating anchoring of the tie to the form panel and the cooperating curved surfaces on the bearing `- members permitting slight angular misalignment between the form panel and the tie anchored thereto without resulting ` in imposition of substantial bending pressures on the tie.
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.. , l BRIEF DESCRIPTIOi!T OF ~HE DPl~WINGS
~ he f~regoing aspects,as well as others, will become app~rent through consideration of the following detailed description and the accom-panying illustrations in which: j FIG. 1 represents a typical installation of the concrete form panel ... tying apparatus o~ this invention; . ¦ .
FIG. 2 represents a vertical section through the installation taken along line 2-2 o~ Fig. l; . . I
FIG. 3 represents a horizontal sectlon taken through the concrete I :
fo~n panel tying apparatus of Fig. 1, taken along line 3-3 of Pig. 1;
FIG. 4 illustrates one of the devices used for attaching the form^
work tying apparatus of Fig. 3 to a waler;
FIG. 5 is an elevational view, partially in section, of the form panel tying apparatus of Figs. 1-3;
- FIG. 6 is a vertical section of the tying apparatus tal;en along :
line 6-6 of Fig. 5; . .
FIG. 7 is a vertical section of the cla~nping member l:aken along ¦ line 7-7 of Fig. S;
¦ FIG. 8 is a vertical section of the tying apparatus tal;en along 2~ IllineS-80~ig.s; , I .
'il FIC~. 8~ is a fragmentary sectiollal view of a variation of the I~ '''~ ;' ' ,1 !
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- mounting member a~d bearing rnernber of the apparatus of I;~ig. 8; . I
~^ FIG. 8B is a fra~T entary sectional vie~v of a second ~arialion of the moun~ing member and bearing member of the apparatus of Fig. 8;
FIG. 9 is an elevational view o~ the inwardly facing portion of the mountin~S member c,~ :Fig. 8, tal;en along line 9~ Fig. ~;
.. FIG. 10 is an elevational view of the out~ardly facing p~rtion of the bearing member of Fig. 8, taken as indicated by the line 10-10 of Fig. 8;
FIG. 1~ is a side elevation of a device for anchoring a threaded : ~ tie to a form panel;
FIG. 11A is an end elevational view of the anchoring device tal;en along line llA-llA of Fig. 11; .
- FIG. 12 is a side elevation of another embodirnent of a device for anchoring a threadeà tie to a form panel;
~ FIG. 13 is an elevational view of the inwaràl~- facing portion of ... the anchoring device of Fig. 12; -FTG. 14 is a vertical sectional view of an installation of the threaded tie anchoring device of Fig. 12;
:FIG. 15 is a front elevational view, parti211y in section, of another ernbodimeDt of the form panel tying apparatus of this invention, incorpora-tin~ a slidin~ redge-lil;e plate;
~ ?IG. 16 is a vertical sectional view tal;en along line 16-16 of Fi~.l~; !
FI(~. 17 is a fragrmelltary view in vertical section of the tie and 5 !¦ clamping men1ber o~ Fig. 8, ~ritll slleh members angularly misaligned to 5 _ , .
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.illustrate anc~her feature of thiS invention;
I ~?IG. 18 is a p~rtial vertical section similar to Fig. 8; illustrating I the manner of engagement bet~een the tie and clarnping member o~ this ; I invention, ~lith a pt~rtion of the cl~nping member sho~l~n in section;
FIG. 19 is a vertical section similar to Fig. 18, illustrating the ... manner of releasing engagement between the tie and clamping member ol , . . this invention at the initiation of the movement of the cl~nping member, .. shown in section, toward its nonclamping position out of engagement with ' -. the tie; .
-FIGS. 20, 21 and 22 are side elevations of three e~nbodiments of ; tapered form panel ties to be used with the apparatus of this invention; I -.
FIG. 23 is a front elevational view of the outwardly facing portions of another embodiment of the tying apparatus of this invention, illustrated in its clamping position with clamping members engaging the tie;
iS :~IG. 24 is a plan vie~Tr of the apparatus of Fig. 23 with the clampin~
.. members moved to their nonclampin~ positions away frorn engagement . ~ith the tie; ,. .
; FIG. 25 is a horizontal sectional view of the apparatus of Fig. 24 .~. taken along line 25-25 of Fig. 24; I .
- 20 . FIG. 26 is a horizontal sectional view of the app~ratus of Fig. 24 .~ talcen along line 26-26 of Fig. 24.
I ~ ~J~Tf~ILED DESCI~IPTION OF ILLUS'~RA'l IVE E~IBODI~ TS
. I
... While several illustrative eml~odiments of this invention will be clescribed hcrein, the primary description ~vill be based ~Ip~n the embodi-~5 l~ ment generally illustra~ed in :?igs. 1, 2 and 3.
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Figs. 1 and 2 illustrate the application of this tyin~ apparatus toa pair of s~lhs~antially identical opposed concrete ~orm panels 2. 'rhese form ~anels 2, of any desired height and width, may suitably comprise ! pl~/ood panels 4 braced ~itll h~rizonlal ~iooden walers 6 ~nd vertical steel channel walers 8. Releasably attached to the vertical ~alers 8 are a plurality of tie anchoring clamping units 10 for releasably clamping the form panels 2 to ties 12 extending through the concrete structure 14, ~vhich here is illustrated as a vertical wall.
. The ties 12 may conveniently eomprise either a solid steel member orJ, as illustrated here, a threa~edly connected multi-part steel structure.
In this embodiment the tie 12 comprisea an inner tie 16 permanently and nonrotatably imbedded in the concrete and having threaded ends, each of these ends threadedly received into an elongated tapering nut 18.
'rhe nut 18 in turn is threaded onto outer tie 20 and affixed tllereto by lS pin 22 extending through both the nut 18 and the outer tie 20. 'rhe outer-most extremity 24 of the outer tie 20 con~reniently may be pro~ided with a square head formed by opposed flats 25 to facilitate rotation thereof by a wrench for later remo~al of the outer tie 20 and tapered nut 18 from the concrete structure. rrhis inner tie, if desired, could be made 20 l rernovable bsr encasement within a pla~stic sleeve extending bet~7een the ¦ ~rm panels 2. 'rhe illustrated clamping en~agement of the tie 12 by th~ clamping unit 10 secures the form 2 against anSr substantial displace-mellt longil;udin~Llly oE the lies 12. Con~enientl~, a "l~ick strip~ 26 may ~ be securecl to the subjacenl; supportin~ structure 28 to pro~ide a stop to r~,5 1¦ pre~rent any oul~ ard movement of tl~e base of the io~n p~IICIs 2.
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36~ L 5 l`he de,aile(l structure of the tying appar~tus of Figs. 1 and 2 is ,., more clearly illustrzted in the h~ri~ontal section ol! Fig. 3. This figure illustrates the manner in ~/hicll the elongatecl, tapered connecting nut 18 ~".- joins the inner tie 16 to the outer tie 20, to ~,-hich the nut 18 is pinned.
'~ - j 'rhe nut 18 extends through a closely fitting aperture 19 in panel 4, ~T/ith tlle longitudinally tapering portion projecting intvardly o~ the panel, Such ,~ a longitudinal taper facilitates removal of the nut 18 .~fter the concrete ... structure has set. 'rhe longitudinally outer portion of outer tie 20 ,,.. , . I
extends between vertical ~valers 8 and through apertures in the clamping ~.
apparatus 10 and threadedly receives the internally threa~ed anchoring nut 30, illustrated more clearly in F'igs. 11 and lla. By ~irtue of the engagement of this anchor nut 30 with the clarnping structure 10, the . .
position of the nut 30 longitudinalls~ of the outer île 20 eIfectively deter-mines the posltioning of opposing form panels 2~
~ ig. 3 also illustrates the tie anchoring clamping appar.~tus 10, which includes a clarnping member 32 engaging the anchor nut 30, a mounting member 34 to ~,vhich the clamping member .32 is pivotally attached by means of shoulder bolt 36, and bearing member 38, which ~buts the fianges o walers 8 and bears the in~.vard forces exerted by the remainder of the clamping structure and is attached to mountin~ member 3~.
Each of 9uch members 32, 34 and 36 suitabl~ may be fabric~t~d of ductile st~el~ ~s indicated, the anchor nut 30 is received throu~h apertures 35 and 39 of members 34 and 38, respectively, with apertllre 35 only slightly lar~er in diarneter than the tie portion ~rojecting therethrough and aper-tllrc 3~ sul)stantially lar~cr tharl such tie E~ol~tion~ to iacilitate clamping ! ' ~ i i `i ~.
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~~, and alignment of the tle, as described bc-lo~ onvenicntly, bear~ng '~ j! member 38 may releasably be attached to the ~v~ler ilc~ges by ,~ripping '.
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., 1, . ¦, members 40, illustrated in Fig. 4, ~hich are received onto s~uds ~2 ¦, projecting in~vardly from bearing member 38. These grlpp~lng members 40 ~ desirably are provided ~.~ith teeth 4~ which e~;tend horizontally in the :. ¦ installed position, thus to restrain the tie anclloring clamping structure. 10 . :
i against sliding do~vn the waler when at~ached thereto.
¦ In the plan vie~Y of Fig. 5 the apparatus o this invention is sho~vn with the clamping member 32 both in its clamping position (solid line representation) engaging the tie 12, shown in section, and with the . clamping means 32 pivotally moved to its nonclamping position away fro~n the tie (phantom line representation)O When t~is clamping member 32 i~ in its clamping position, it may be seen that recess 46, in the form of an arcuate slot in clamping member 32, is matingly received a~out a 15 l ¦ portion the tle 12. Since the tie 12 o:~ thls preferred embodiment is round and the recess.46 is configured to correspond ~ith the cross-sec-tional configuration of the tie, the inner end o the recess 46 is semi-. circular and of a diameter only slightly greater than that of the portion .' of the tie 12 r~ceived therein.
~0 When the clamping member 32 is in its clamping position cngaging ¦ the tie 12, it may be seen irom Fig. 3 tllat there is engageInent bet~veenclampin~ m~Inber surface 50 and tie anchor nut shoulder 52 to restrain . .
`.......... ~ny motion o~ the form 2 longitudinally outwardly of the tie 12. In the .; pl~n ~iew c) Fig. 5 it may be seen that the tie en~aging surface 50 of 2rl ~ th~ clam~ g member 32 comprises the por~io~ Or the member 3 . i` ' ' ''' .~ ~ , , . . ... - . . .
)86091 adJacent the semicircular ~nd p~rtion ~f tll~ slot 46. As seen most clearly in ~i~,r. 3, this clamping member surface 50 and tne inc~ting ,' surface 52 of the tic slope lon~itudinally in~ ardly of the ti~ 12 to~ard ~h~ form panel ~ and slope in~ardly to~ard the recess 46. For reasons ' i to be described more full~ belo~, the sloping surface 52 of the tie preferably is convexly sloped, at least at the radially outer portions thereof. Similarly, the mating sloping surface 50 of the clamping mem-ber 32 preferably is concavely curved. These mating surface configurations provide both for àngùlar misalignment and for easy removal of the tie and clamping structure. To facilitate initial clamping engagemen~ between the tie 12 and the clamping member 32 the clamping member portion adjacent the slot 46 and ouhYard Or the semicircular end portion thereof i5 inclined longitudinally inwardly of the tie 12 to provide a ramp For e~erting longitudinally o~u~ward force on the tie as the clamping member 32 is mo~ed to its clamping position. Additionally, the slot 46 is arcuate with the center of cur~rature corresponding to the pivot 36 of the clamping member 32. Thus, ~Yhen clamping member 32 is pulled from its open j -positlon, with clamp n~ember handle 63 in a generally vertical orientation as indicated in phantom in Fig. 5, to the cla:nping position with the ~I handle 68 generally horizontal, the arcuate slot 46 may smooihly receiv~ ¦
the tie 12 as the ramp portion e~;erts longitudinally out~iard force upon ~ ¦
thc tie.
~; To maintain the clamping member 32 in either its fully open non-s I cl~mping position or its fllll clamping position, a springr Ioaded ball 69 is ~`l5 ~ provicled ~vithin a bore 70 in clamp member 32 to en~aC~e~ selectively ~nd ~':, ~ ' .
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`'' i` - 10-., Ij alternaLivcly, either of t~ o (~ctel~ts 92 in mounting men~ber 34, as .. Il . , !! iIldiC~ted in the section of ~ig. 6. Thus, unintended rnovernent of the clamping member from one position to t~le other is avoided ~dditionally, ... - j, , .
i a pin 74 is provided in mounting member 3-~ to engage a portion oi clamping member 32 and tl~us prevent rotation of tile clampins m~nber p25t its 'I full open position.
¦I Several additional features of this in~ention are illustra~ed in the ¦¦ vertical section of l?ig. 8, taken t~rough the apparatus of Fig. 5. As 11 noted above, it is desirable to accommodate some degree of misalignment between the tie 12 and the tie anchoring clamping structure 10. Such accommodation is made in this embodiment by the structural relationship of the bearing member 38 to the mounting member 34. As may be seen from the iilustrations the aperture 39 in bearing member 38 is substarltially larger than the portion of the tie 12 and nut 30 extending therethrough.
This oversize aperture 39 and its conic~lly enlarged configuration permit movement of tlie tie 12 and anchor nut 30 ~vithin the aperture. In I this embo~lirnent of the invention the outwardly facing portion of the bearing ,.
member 38 also includes a convexly curved spherical surface 76 surround-ing the aperture 39. This surface 76 mates with a corresponding conca~el5r curved spherical surface 78 o;l the in~vardly facing portion of the mounti~g ¦ rllember 34. Such mating spherical surfaces effectively form a portion ~;! j of a ball and soclcet joint, ~vith the mounting member 34 perrnitted to 51ide tr.~ns~ersely and rotate sli~ tly ~ith lespect to bearing meml~er 3g.
us, misali~ ent bet~-een corrcspondingr clar~ping members on opposing 1I form panels 2 may be manifested by an~lar displacement of the tie fr~m j~ - ..
`` l - 11 ; .
, i .
. .
,1 .
~i ~ ! , . . ' a line norrnal to the forrn panels. By ~irtue of the ball and soc~;et joint Il formed by tlle clamping structure the full stress exerted longitudinally of Il the tie maS~ still l~e taken uniformly upon the spherical surfaces, thus I l avoiding the imposition of excessive bending stresses on the tie 12, The same cf~ects and beneiits obviously could be obtained frorn .he corres-ponding structure of Figure 8A in which the convex and concave portions are re~ersed. Additionally, compensation for some degree of misalign-ment could be obtained from the flat mating surfaces of t'ne corresponding - structure of l?igure 8B, wherein such compensation might ta~;e the form ~f sliding translation of the mounting member 34B ~Yith respect to the bearing member 38B along the mating surfaces 76B and 78B. Further, it may be noted that, while the disclosed spherically curved surfaces accommodate misalignrnent in any dlrection, provision for such misaIignment in only one axis could be obtained by the use of corresponding sur~aces which are cylindrically so curved. The movement between members 34 and 38 neces~ary to allo~r for such n~isalignment is facilitated by the adjustahle attachment of mounting,member 34 to bearing member 38, as sho~,vn In :Fig. 8. This adjustable attachnent may be achieYed tllrough the use of shouldcr bolts 80 tllreaded into rnember 34 and projecting through oversize ¦ holes: ~2 in bearing member 38. ~3etween the head of each sho-llder bolt 80 and tlle bearing member 38 is a compression spring 8 ' and retalner ~6, Il This mounting arrangement thus tends to center mernbers 34 and 38 and '~ ! align thcir respeclive central apertures 35 and 39, through ~,~hich the tie 12 pas~scs, but, ~Yith the o-rersize aperture 39, permits ~ioth the abov-e-. 2~ ' d~scribed an~ lar ~nd transirerse tran~lational movement L>et~ een the `'` !! ' .
,~
~ 3 members, t~.us to accommodate the aforementioned misalig~nment.
Excessive rotational or-translational movement of the member 34 ~rith ¦I respect to bearing ~ember 38 is r~strained by engag~m~nt of t~.e out~rdl~
I! projecting bosses 92 of the bearing memb~r 38 ~vith tl~e edges of the - 5 i slots 9~ formed in mo~lnting mcmbe~ 34, as most clearly illustrated Figs. 6, 9 and 10.
¦ While a substantial degree of rnisalignment between the tie and the clamping structure is accommodated by the mating surfaces o~ the mounting member 34 and the bearing member 38, other significant bene~its - 10 may be obtained by the manner of engagement between the clamping member 32 and the tie 12. This manner of engagement and the structure relating thereto are shown more clearly by reference to the vertical sectional views of Figs. 7 and 8 and the enlarged fragmentary sectional views of Figs. 17, 18 and 19, the three latter figures corresponding generally to the sectional ~rie~Y of ~iig. 8. hs is illustrated most clearly in Fig. 1~, the engagement between clamping members 32 and tie 12 I occurs by engagement of surface 50 of the clarnping member with surEace 52;
¦ OI the tie. In this case, the tie comprises an end portiorl 54 ha~ing a ~ first dismeter or trans~rerse dimension. ~cljacent this end por ion 54 2n j ls a ?ongitudinally in~rard portion 56 having a second and smaller diameter I or trans~rerse dimension. Extending bei~veen outer portion 54 and .~ ~ lo~lgitudlllally in~vard portion 5B is the surface 52 ~rith at least the j radiall~r nutward portions tllereof having a convex curvature and thus il sloping~ lon~;itu~linally out~vardl~ oE the tie. Prcferably, as in the illustra-~ tion, the e2ltire surrace 52 is collve~ r cur~ed and sloping longi.udinally ,: ; .
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i out~ardly ~ lly adjacert the seconcl tie portion 5G, and opposite surface 52, is the tie third portion 58 havi~g a diameter or transverse dimension greater than that of portioll 56 and desirably equal to that of ¦1 outer portion S4. Conveniently, a shoulder surfacc- 60 extends radially out\vardly from second portion 56 to the radiall~r o~lter e~trcmity of third portion 58 to engage clamping mernber 32 and prevent inward movement of the forrn panel.
The concave curvature of the surface 50, sloping inwardly toward the form panel and configured to mate with tie surface 52 provides sub- i stantial additional benefits to the use of this structure. As is most readily apparent in Figs~ S and 7, this concave sloped surface 50 com-prises the portion of the clamping member 32 immediately adjacent the semicircular end portion of the slot 46. Thus, supportive engagement between the clamping member 32 and the tie 12 occurs around th~t semi- i lS circular surface 50. By virtue of the curved, and prcferably spherical, ! !
.~ mating surfaces 50 and 52, the engagement of these members forms a portion of 2 ball and socket joint. Accordin~l~r, slight angular misalign-ment bet~veen the tie 12 and the ~xis of the clampin~ structure may be ~, compensated by both this ball and socket arrangementj as sho~,vn in the exaggerated representation of Fig. 17, and by the similar socket between mounting membel~ 3~ and bearing member 38. Thus~ even in a condition of such misalignment as might be caused by a 1 1/4 inch displacement i of opposing form panels spaced only 12 inches apart, longitudinal stresses e~erted by the form~orl; against the tie remain relatively evenly I, distril~lltcd over the full semicircular cnga~ement and are not significantly `;'. I~ ' i , ~ - 1 a _ , - .
conc~ntrate~ on a small portioll of the tie. This structure subst lntially I a~Toids the in~position of bending moments such ~s might be ~reated if the i mating surfaces of the tie and the clamping member ~vere ~lat.
¦~ A second benefit from this structure stemming largely fro}rl the . ;i .
sloping cur~ed conliguratic)n of the mating surfaces 50 and 5~ is i]lus-tra-ted m Fig. 19 and by the broken line representation in Fig. 17. These figures illustrate the relative action of the tie 12 and the clamping mem-ber 32 upon the initiation of movement of the member 32 from its clamping position to its nonclamping position. By virtue of the sloped cur~ed surface . lO even slight movement of the member 32 away ~romits clamping position as j indicated by the arro~-rs in Figs- 17 and 19 permits the tie 12 to move relatively axiaLLy in~rardly of the clamping member 32 thus relieving the axial or longitudinal stresses developed in the tie by the exp~nsion of tlle concrete structure during curing. Accordingly. the longitudinal lS stresses are relieved substantially immediately ~pon the initiation of - such movement so that the effort required for complete removal of the clamping member 32 to its nonclamping position is reduced substantially ~; ir~m that ~rhich ~voulcl obtain through the matin~ of tie ~nd clamping mem- I
ber surfaces substantially norrnal to the a~ii of the tie.
~0 While a continuous solid tie is equall~- suitable for use with this lnvcntion the preferred embodiment described above incorporates a thread~d -~ie ~ith tlle above descrlbed clamping member engagin~ s~srfaces ¦ formcd on a nut thrcadedly inserted onto the end of such tie as described I al~ove. Such a nut suitable for use on any threadcd ti2. is more clearly il illustrated in Figs. 11 and lla. In ~ddition to the struct~lre illustrated 1~ 1 . ' - 1 5 -. , ' .
.:. : ~, . . .
in the ~nl-~ ~c~d r~pr~senta~ions of Fig.s. 17, 18 ancl 19, it rnay be seen ¦I that tlle outermost sections o~ the outer end portion 54, adjacent the outcr , surrace 62 ha~,e t~o pairs of radi~lly opposed flats machined therein ~ j parallel to the nut axis. These flats facilitate gril~ping by a wrench for :~ ¦ r~lation of the nut. Additionall~, adiacent the third portion 5~3 of th~ nut is a second conically tapering end portion 66 to facilitate insertion of the nut 30 into the relativel~T close-fitting aperture 35 of the mounting member 34 during assembly of the tie and clamping structure. Another - substantial advantage of this threaded tie and anc~loring nut structure is the readily available means for adjusting the effective length of the tie by scre~ving the anchor nut 30 longitudLnally inwardly or outwardly of the tie.
Thus, it may be seen that numerous substantial benefits are offered by the use of the above described structure for tying together concrete form~vork panels. Compens2tion or Tnisalignment bet~veen the tie and the panel Is provided by ~he engagement oE the respective curvcd surfaces.
Standard tllreaded tie components may be used to permit the construction of walls or other structures of widely varying thicknesses, and rapid release o the longitudinal stresses on the tie rod is provlded by the clamping structure. Additionally, it should be noted tli~t such longitudinal ` 2~ stress may be relie~red by tllis structure in an~r one of three ~vays: a ; ` release of the clamping means by movement of the handle 68 to the non;~ clamping position, rotation of the anchor nut 30 to threadedly relie~re such stress even ~Yhile such nut remains clamped by the clampin" meml)er 32, Il or rotation of the outer tie 20 itself, also to threadedl~r relieve such stress il T~lis last mcalls Or rele~sillg pressure is facilitated by the provision o~
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1~86~3r~ l ¦ flats 25 on the outcr end of ollter tie 20, as indicated ;n ~'ig. 8.
While numerous other variations of this invention rea~ily present , i, .
ji themsclves, a fe~/ of the morc significant arc illustrated in tlle rcmaining figures. Figs. 12 and 13 illustrate a threarled anehor 100 having a large .. . ~. . I
i circular flange 102 ~vith an outwardly facing conve~ly sphericallJ- curved surface 104 to matingl~r engage and cooperate ~Yith surface 76 of bearing' ~nember 38, as illus-trated in Fig. 14. This structure, while providing only for release of longitudinal stress on the tie 12 by rotation of either of such tie outer portion 20 or the anchc~r 100, does provide compensation ¦ for subst'antial'misalignmen~ between the tie and the beari~g member attached to the form panel. Similarly, a ~rasher having one suitably curved ' surface and one flat surface could be used in conjur~ction vith an ordinary flat nut to accommodate such angular misalignment, engaging either the bearing member 38 as here, or the clampillg member 32 as described .`' 15 ~bo~e. Such a nut ~nd ~vasher combination would serve as a fully equiva~ ¦
lent substitute for the special nuts describecl. ' In Figs- 15 and 16 there is illustrated anot'her embodiment of the quiclcly releasable clamping structure. In this embodiment the same I type of anchor nut 30 and threaded outer tie 20 may be used. However, I the clamping, mounting ~nd bearing members are replaced b~ slidable, i ~vedge-shaped clampin~ member 132 cooperating with opp~sltely inclirled edge-sll~pcd bearillg member 138. Thls clarnping member 132 includes a slot :l~6 having a semicircul2r inner end portion ~Trith a con~re~ly in~T/ardly Ilsl~ped tic cn~ging portion 150 adijacent this semicirc~llal in~rard slot ~,'l~ortion, for substantially the same purposes as discusscd ~vitll regard ! ! ~
?- 17 -i, . .
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- ~I to the previous em~oc~iment. ~s ~vith ~he prcvious ~mbo~liment tile por~ion of clamping member 132 generally adJacent the slot 14G an~l ext~nding 1, out~vardl~r of the semicircular in~ard portion thereof is incline~l to pro-v-ide - I! a ramp for the engagement of the tie 12. ~3y the use of the corresponding . . 5 i inclirled surface of the bearing mcmber 138, tlle tie enga~ing surface 150 ¦ may mat~ squarely ~ ith the surface 52 of the tie. Also. as ~vitll the previous embodiment, the longitudinally out~vard stresses imposed upon ; the tie by this clampin~ structure would be relieved immediately upon~, initiation of the movement OI the clamping member 132 away from engage-ment with the tie toward its nonclamping position in the ~anner described above.
~et ano-ther embodiment of the clamping structure of this invention is illustrated in Figs. 23, 24~ 25 and 26. This structure, while slightly !-~ more complex than the preceding, may be especially desirable where extreme longitudinal stresses on the tie 212 are anticipated. The princi- ¦
p21 benefit of this embodiment is that the t~vo mating clamping members 232 and 233 completely surround the head of the tie 212 when in the clamping posi~ion illustrated 3n Fig. 23 and thus provide a large load bear;ng surface. rrhèse clamping members 232 and 233, possessing the above described concavely sloped tie engaging surfaces 250 and 251, respectively, are jointly pivotally connected to mounting member 234 b~ me.~s OI pivoLal t ' ¦ connection 236. Tl~ese clamping members 232 and 233 also are pi~rotally - ! connected to c n actuating handle 244 by means of linkage members 240 ~nd 242, rc5pec-tively. S-~ch intercolmection providcs for joint pi~-otal ~5 , movemcllt of tl~e t~vo clamp membcrs ~vhen tlle ~c~u~ting h~ndle 244 is , ,~.
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pivoted about pivot member 246 bet~leen the clamping confi~lration I! illustrated in Fig. 23 and the noncl2mping configuration illustrated in ... ;;
, Fig. 24. It rnay bc noted that this cmboc~imcnt is illustrated as used ith a solid tie 212 in place of the threaded tie and anchoring nut of the .. . .
1, previous embocliment, This solid tie 212 is the full equivalent of previouslys 1, described multi-part tie 12 and has a convexly sloped surface 252 for j cooperation ~vith the clamping member surfaces 250 and 251 in the above 1,.' . ~ described manner. Such a solid tie 2l2 rnay also be removable from a .
I completed concrete structure if it is encased within a plastic sleeve ii, 10 extending between the form panelsD It may also be noted that the over- :
.' . center toggle structure of the actuating linkage serves itself to releasably : .
hold the clamping members in either the clamping position or the non- . ¦
. clamping position as desiredJ thus obviating the necessity fo.r a detent ' ~ .:
., as in the previous embodiment.
l While most of the preceding embodiments have been illustrated j ¦ in conjunction with a multi-part threaded tie ~vherein an inner threaded tie is left imbedded in t jh,e concrete structure at comple-tion of the jobJ 1.
I; it must be noted that'other forms of tie are equally suitable for practicing this invention. NIore particularly, solid ties preferab'ly having a con- ¦:
20 ¦ tinuous taperJ such as those illusirated in Figs~ 20, 21 and 22,, may also ~ he used to practice thls invention. After the concrete structure has set,, .~ I tlle continuous taper of these l:ies permits them to be driven out of eng~age-. ~ ~ ent ~vith the struct~lre.
I ~ first embodiment o-f this tapered tic structure is generally `` ~5 Il` indicated by tlle reference numcral 300 in Ii`ig. 20. l~lis elongated tie 300 ;`` i~ o `` li , .~ j`'l . ..
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~I comprises ~ centr~l ~;ectiol- t. pering lo!lgi~udinally fron~ a firs~ diamcter - -or transverse~ dirnension to a seconcl smaller transverse dirnension or -~i di~meter. O~t~vardl~ of tl~is crenter section are t~vo a~:ially aligned outer sections 30~ and 306, both ~ the same diameter, not larger than the , smaller dialneter of the t~pered section, and both having thrcads of ¦ equal size. Tlle threads Or the outer sec~ions 304 and 306 are suitable for threadedly receiving threaded anchors thereupon, preferably of the nature of either the anchor nuts 30 or the anchor nuts 100 of the previous ¦ embodiments.
~lOThe tapered tie 310 of Fig. 21 is a solid, unitary member having the desired end portions integral therewith. As in the above embodLment this tie 310 comprises a lon~itudinally tapering central section 312 ~rith opposing outer sections 314 and 316 extending outwardly thcrefrorn.
In this embodiment the respective outer end portions 31~ and 320 OI end ¦ sections 314 and 316 are of substantially the same diameter, equal to the outer transverse dimension of tlle anchor nut 30 of the earlier embodi-ments. Similarly, corrésponding adjacent longitudinally mward portions 322 and 324 are of a smaller diameter, also as described above, and are joined to the respective outer end portions by convex sloped surfaces 326 , and 328, respectively. With this eml)odiment identical claml~ing members could be uscd with tlle clampi-lg structure at bolh ends, and tlle diameter of tll~ portion 316 would pcrmit the use of all of the previously described I clarnpin~ str~ct~lre for engaging th~t end of the tie. Ho~vever. the ¦1 enlnl~gcd diamctcr of tlle opposite en(l section 319~ ould necessitate use 2~ l~ oî be~rillg mcmbers 38 and mollntiIIg members 3~1 ha~ring s!lLt~bly enl~r~ed 2 ~
., I , i -jl apertur~.s ~ a~d 35, respectively, in order to obtilin th~ necessary !' ClaIllpillg and the desirecl benefits. I-t may be not~d ~ ith ~ h of th~ solid ' ' ' I' -; ;, tapercd tic-s disclosed that it is highly desirable to configure the smaller ¦! diameter end portion no larger in diameter than the smallest diameter ' j of the tapering central section in order to facilitate later removal of the tie from the concre.e structure.
i A third embodiment 330 o~ the tapered tie3 shown in Fig, 22J
¦ liliewise incorporates a longitudinally tapering central section ~vith end ~ -sections extending outwardly-therefrom. The larger end section 333 of this tie is configured generally similarly to the smaller end portion of the embodiment of Fig. 21. Specifically, the outer end portion 334 is ¦ -of a first diameter ~vith a longitudinally adjacent in~vard portion 336 of a second and smaller diameter and joined to said outer end portion by a sloping convex surface. The opposite outer section of this tie is of a diameter generally equal that of tl~e smallest dla~neter of the tapering portion and is provided with threads suitable for threadedly recelving~
thereupon an anchoring member such as the nut 30 described ~vith previous ¦ embodiments. With this embodiment the fi~ed outer end portion 333 ¦ may desir~bly be the same diameter as the largest diameter of tile anchor ' nut 30, so that identical clamping apparatus may be used to clamp each I end of the tie.
- I In each of the tie eml~odiments described and illustrated there is provided not only an out~vard, convexly curved shoulder for engzLging a I clamp mcmber to restrain any out~ ard nlovement of the clannp and the i~ 2 ~ , form pa~l~ls, l~ut also there is provided an inner shoulcler to restrain ` ! .
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opposing clamp members and form panels against any movement to~ard one another. Obviously, the principal benefits of this invention could be ,; I ! ' ; .i .
obtained ~vith ti~ structure omittin~ such inner shoulder and using separate I spacers to restrain opposing forrn panels against movement inwardly - 5 to~v~rd onc another. These and numerous other variations and modifica-,, ~ . , , I .
i tions of t~le apparatus of this invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the scope of this invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiments but is to include all such embodirnents encompassed within the scope Or the claims appended hereto, . , . '. , . .
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Claims (18)
1. Means for anchoring a tie to a concrete form panel comprising a first and second bearing member, having respectively first and second apertures therethrough for receiving such a tie, the first bearing member having a convexly curved surface adjacent to the first aperture and the second bearing member having a concavely curved surface adjacent to the second aperture, the convexly curved surface and the concavely curved surface being in engagement with one another with the first and second apertures generally aligned with one another, means whereby one of the bearing members may be engageable with the form panel, and the other of the bearing members including a clamping means, the clamping means including a clamping recess engageable within a groove on an end of the tie, and a sloped clamping surface complementary to a sloped tie surface defining said groove, the sloped clamping surface facilitating anchoring of the tie to the form panel and the cooperating curved surfaces on the bearing members permitting slight angular misalignment between the form panel and the tie anchored thereto without resulting in imposition of substantial bending pressures on the tie.
2. Means for anchoring a tie according to claim 1 further comprising adjustable attaching means for attaching together the first and second bearing members.
3. Means for anchoring a tie according to claim 2 wherein the adjustable attaching means comprises spring means engaging the first and second bearing members and urging said curved surfaces into contact with one another while permitting movement therebetween to compensate for misalignment between an engaged tie and the bearing members.
4. Means for anchoring a tie according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3 wherein the first bearing member is engageable with the form panel.
5. Means for anchoring a tie according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3 wherein the aperture in sad one bearing member is larger than the aperture in said other bearing member.
6. Concrete form panel tying apparatus comprising a first bearing member attachable to the form panel, the bearing member having a first opening and a first bearing surface adjacent to said opening, a second bearing member having a second opening and a second bearing surface adjacent to the second opening, the first and second openings being aligned and the bearing surfaces being in engagement with one another, one bearing surface being convexly curved and the other being concavely curved, a tie extending through the openings in the first and second bearing members, an outer end portion on the tie having a first transverse dimension, an inner end portion on the tie having a second transverse dimension less than the first transverse dimension, a sloped tie surface extending between the outer end portion and the inner end portion, and a clamping member pivotally attached to the second bearing member, the clamping member having a clamping recess of transverse dimension greater than the second transverse dimension, being defined by a sloped clamping surface complementary to the sloped tie surface and engageable therewith, and being movable radially with respect to the tie between a clamping position in which the clamping surface is in engagement with the tie surface to restrain the concrete form panel against outward movement with respect to the tie and a non-clamping position in which the clamping surface and the tie surface are not engaged with one another, the cooperating curved first and second bearing surfaces permitting slight angular misalignment between the form panel and the tie anchored thereto without resulting in imposition of substantial bending stresses on the tie.
7. Apparatus according to claim 6 further comprising means flexibly joining the first and second bearing member,
8. Apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the tie comprises an elongated member having a longitudinal central section and an outer section extending longitudinally outwardly of each end of the central section and axially aligned therewith, the outer portion of one of the outer sections being of a first transverse dimension and having an adjacent longitudinally inward portion of a second and lesser transverse dimension with a tapered surface between the inward portion and the outer portion.
9. Apparatus according to claim B wherein the other outer section comprises a threaded portion for receiving a threaded tie anchoring means for anchoring the tie to a form panel.
10. Apparatus according to claim 8 wherein the outer section and the tapered portion are carried by an elongated member threadably attached to said central portion.
11. Apparatus according to claim 10 wherein an outer tie section is threadably attached to said elongated member and longitudinally aligned therewith the outer tie section being adapted to receive an anchoring means for anchoring the tie to a form panel.
12. Apparatus according to claim 8 wherein the other of said outer sections terminates in an anchoring means for anchoring the tie to a form panel, the transverse dimensions of the outer section and the anchoring means being no greater than the transverse dimension of the central section.
13. Apparatus for anchoring a concrete form panel to an elongated tie to restrain outward relative movement of the panel with respect to the tie, said anchoring apparatus comprising:
a load bearing member attachable to the outside of the form panel and having an opening through which said tie is extendable, a clamping member having a clamping portion release ably clampingly engageable with a clamping portion of said tie that is extending outwardly through said opening, said clamping portions having complementary engaging surfaces and a mounting member attached to said clamping member and having a second opening through which said tie is extend-able, said mounting member being interposed between said clamping member and said bearing member and being attached to said bearing member by adjustable attaching means, said bearing member and said mounting member having complementary engaging surfaces, whereby adjustment between the clamping member and the bearing member is facilitated to compensate for misalignment of the tie with respect to the bearing member.
a load bearing member attachable to the outside of the form panel and having an opening through which said tie is extendable, a clamping member having a clamping portion release ably clampingly engageable with a clamping portion of said tie that is extending outwardly through said opening, said clamping portions having complementary engaging surfaces and a mounting member attached to said clamping member and having a second opening through which said tie is extend-able, said mounting member being interposed between said clamping member and said bearing member and being attached to said bearing member by adjustable attaching means, said bearing member and said mounting member having complementary engaging surfaces, whereby adjustment between the clamping member and the bearing member is facilitated to compensate for misalignment of the tie with respect to the bearing member.
14. Anchoring apparatus according to claim 13 wherein the portion of said bearing member engaging said mounting member comprises a convexly curved surface.
15. Anchoring apparatus according to claim 14 wherein the portion of said mounting member engaging said bearing member comprises a concavely curved surface generally corresponding in curvature to said bearing member convexly curved surface, whereby the engagement between said bearing member and said mounting member is of the nature of a ball and socket to facilitate the misalignment compensation.
16. Anchoring apparatus according to claim 14 wherein said convexly curved surface comprises a spherically convexly curved surface.
26 .
26 .
17. Anchoring apparatus according to claim 13 wherein said adjustable attaching means comprises a spring member extending between said bearing member and a portion of said mounting member, whereby the spring may urge the mounting member into alignment with the bearing member while permitting movement therebetween to compensate for misalignment between an engaged tie and the bearing member.
18. Anchoring apparatus according to claim 13 further comprising means limiting the amount of adjustment between said mounting member and said bearing member.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA353,199A CA1105285A (en) | 1976-04-30 | 1980-06-02 | Concrete form panel tying apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US57686175A | 1975-05-12 | 1975-05-12 | |
| US05/576,862 US4044986A (en) | 1975-05-12 | 1975-05-12 | Concrete form panel tying apparatus |
| US576,862 | 1975-05-12 | ||
| US576,861 | 1984-03-05 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1086091A true CA1086091A (en) | 1980-09-23 |
Family
ID=27077097
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA252,402A Expired CA1086091A (en) | 1975-05-12 | 1976-04-30 | Concrete form panel tying apparatus |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS521922A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU508584B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7603000A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1086091A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2620522C3 (en) |
| ES (2) | ES447775A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2311158A1 (en) |
| GB (3) | GB1553104A (en) |
| IN (1) | IN146298B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1060434B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX142933A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7604883A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7605291L (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2932248A1 (en) * | 1979-08-09 | 1981-02-26 | Skf Kugellagerfabriken Gmbh | ARRANGEMENT FOR FIXING AND / OR STARTING MACHINE PARTS |
| GB2088508A (en) * | 1980-11-19 | 1982-06-09 | Microdot Inc | Bolt heads and nuts |
| GB8514420D0 (en) * | 1985-06-07 | 1985-07-10 | Forsac Valves Inc | Valve assembly |
| SE467061B (en) * | 1991-01-11 | 1992-05-18 | Taraldsson Leif B | FORM STAG |
| DE102014012037A1 (en) * | 2014-08-16 | 2016-02-18 | Redima Ag | Anchoring device of a concrete wall formwork, formwork element and method for mounting an anchoring device |
| CN116084687B (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-06-27 | 山西东盛建设工程有限公司 | Rectangular column die connecting piece and reinforcing device thereof |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2001052A (en) * | 1932-12-06 | 1935-05-14 | Samuel S Colt | Retaining tie for concrete forms |
| US2126251A (en) * | 1937-02-08 | 1938-08-09 | George O Gaetke | Form clamp |
| US2778087A (en) * | 1953-09-08 | 1957-01-22 | Jr Harry J Krueper | Tie for concrete forms |
| US3057034A (en) * | 1961-06-05 | 1962-10-09 | Donald E Helmick | Form clamping device |
| FR1501923A (en) * | 1966-09-29 | 1967-11-18 | Symons Mfg Co | Formwork tie rod system for concrete pouring |
| DE1684433A1 (en) * | 1966-10-01 | 1971-08-26 | Symons Mfg Co | Stud arrangement for concrete wall formwork |
| US3589666A (en) * | 1968-12-16 | 1971-06-29 | Richard J Kirby | Clamp for use with concrete forms |
| US3529800A (en) * | 1969-12-11 | 1970-09-22 | Gates & Sons | Concrete form tie end latch |
| DE2004432A1 (en) * | 1970-01-31 | 1971-08-05 | Brandstatter, Rolf, 7261 CaIw Wimberg | Formwork or scaffolding clamps or the like, in particular with a clamping spindle with a steep thread |
| FR2205970A5 (en) * | 1972-11-07 | 1974-05-31 | Soletanche | |
| US3880397A (en) * | 1973-07-16 | 1975-04-29 | Becker Inc | Bowed tie rod with deformable cone means |
-
1976
- 1976-04-30 CA CA252,402A patent/CA1086091A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-05-04 MX MX164564A patent/MX142933A/en unknown
- 1976-05-07 NL NL7604883A patent/NL7604883A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-05-10 DE DE2620522A patent/DE2620522C3/en not_active Expired
- 1976-05-10 SE SE7605291A patent/SE7605291L/en unknown
- 1976-05-11 AU AU13810/76A patent/AU508584B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1976-05-11 GB GB19341/76A patent/GB1553104A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-05-11 GB GB46473/78A patent/GB1553105A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-05-11 GB GB46474/78A patent/GB1553106A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-05-11 IT IT23168/76A patent/IT1060434B/en active
- 1976-05-11 ES ES447775A patent/ES447775A1/en not_active Expired
- 1976-05-11 FR FR7614072A patent/FR2311158A1/en active Granted
- 1976-05-12 IN IN832/CAL/76A patent/IN146298B/en unknown
- 1976-05-12 JP JP51054238A patent/JPS521922A/en active Pending
- 1976-05-12 BR BR3000/76A patent/BR7603000A/en unknown
-
1977
- 1977-06-01 ES ES459398A patent/ES459398A1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1553105A (en) | 1979-09-19 |
| JPS521922A (en) | 1977-01-08 |
| AU1381076A (en) | 1977-11-17 |
| ES447775A1 (en) | 1977-11-01 |
| DE2620522B2 (en) | 1980-08-14 |
| MX142933A (en) | 1981-01-20 |
| IT1060434B (en) | 1982-08-20 |
| FR2311158B1 (en) | 1980-05-30 |
| DE2620522A1 (en) | 1976-11-25 |
| SE7605291L (en) | 1976-11-13 |
| IN146298B (en) | 1979-04-21 |
| BR7603000A (en) | 1976-11-23 |
| AU508584B2 (en) | 1980-03-27 |
| FR2311158A1 (en) | 1976-12-10 |
| DE2620522C3 (en) | 1981-04-02 |
| GB1553106A (en) | 1979-09-19 |
| GB1553104A (en) | 1979-09-19 |
| ES459398A1 (en) | 1978-08-16 |
| NL7604883A (en) | 1976-11-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |