GB2093519A - Clamp - Google Patents
Clamp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2093519A GB2093519A GB8137773A GB8137773A GB2093519A GB 2093519 A GB2093519 A GB 2093519A GB 8137773 A GB8137773 A GB 8137773A GB 8137773 A GB8137773 A GB 8137773A GB 2093519 A GB2093519 A GB 2093519A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- slot
- clamp
- threaded portion
- aclamp
- pair
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/04—Connecting or fastening means for metallic forming or stiffening elements, e.g. for connecting metallic elements to non-metallic elements
- E04G17/042—Connecting or fastening means for metallic forming or stiffening elements, e.g. for connecting metallic elements to non-metallic elements being tensioned by threaded elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
- E04G11/20—Movable forms; Movable forms for moulding cylindrical, conical or hyperbolical structures; Templates serving as forms for positioning blocks or the like
- E04G11/28—Climbing forms, i.e. forms which are not in contact with the poured concrete during lifting from layer to layer and which are anchored in the hardened concrete
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/002—Workplatforms, railings; Arrangements for pouring concrete, attached to the form
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
- E04G17/065—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are threaded to enable their fastening or tensioning
- E04G17/0651—One-piece elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/14—Bracing or strutting arrangements for formwalls; Devices for aligning forms
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B2/00—Friction-grip releasable fastenings
- F16B2/02—Clamps, i.e. with gripping action effected by positive means other than the inherent resistance to deformation of the material of the fastening
- F16B2/06—Clamps, i.e. with gripping action effected by positive means other than the inherent resistance to deformation of the material of the fastening external, i.e. with contracting action
- F16B2/12—Clamps, i.e. with gripping action effected by positive means other than the inherent resistance to deformation of the material of the fastening external, i.e. with contracting action using sliding jaws
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
- E04B2001/2424—Clamping connections other than bolting or riveting
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
- E04B2001/2448—Connections between open section profiles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
- E04B2001/2457—Beam to beam connections
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
- E04G11/48—Supporting structures for shutterings or frames for floors or roofs
- E04G11/50—Girders, beams, or the like as supporting members for forms
- E04G2011/505—Girders, beams, or the like as supporting members for forms with nailable or screwable inserts
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Clamps And Clips (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
- Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a device for clamping a profiled structural member. The device includes at least one slotted clamping member (A) fixed on a threaded bolt (14) and a threaded nut (16) cooperating with said bolt (14). The slots (4, 8) accommodate profiled portions of the structural member. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Adjustable clamp
This invention relates to clamps and in particular to the type of clamp utilized in clamping structural members together such as those described and illustrated in our Canadian Patent No.941,123 issued on
February 5th, 1974, our Canadian Patent No.
1,045,348 which issued on January 2nd, 1979 and in our pending Canadian PatentApplication Numbers respectively filed on and
Such members are employed in concrete forming systems where the concrete is poured to form walls and slabs of building and engineering structures.
The upper and lower chords of these members include projecting load-bearing flanges which, to prevent damage to their edges, are provided with stub flanges which are of square or substantially conical cross-section. These structural members are capable of placement normal to one another and to be clamped in such position by clamps which detachably secure a pair of opposed flanges together. As will be appreciated, however, a mixture of structural members can often be found on site and it is uneconomical to supply quantities of clamps only capable of clamping one type of member to one of the same type. Hence, it is the object of the present invention to provide a clamp which is capable of clamping pairs of the same type of structural member together or a pair of different types of members together.
Accordingly, the invention relates to a clamp capable of being detachably fastened to a profiled structural member, said clamp including a threaded portion, at least a first clamp member fast on said threaded portion, and means cooperating with said threaded portion to urge said first member into its clamping relationship with a complementary portion of said profiled member, said clamp member having at least a first slot of substantially square crosssection, and a second slot of substantially conical cross-section; said slots being adapted to accommodate a stub flange of said structural member and which flange has substantially the same profile as that of its accommodating slot.
The invention is illustrated by way of example, in the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure lisa plan view of the operative surface of the clamp member forming part of the first embodiment of the invention;
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the entire first embodiment;
Figure 3 is a plan view similar to Figure 1 but of the clamp member forming part of the second embodi ment of the invention; Figure4 is a side elevation of a second form of clamp;
Figure 5 is a perspective view of the second form of clamp;
Figure 6 is a perspective view of a third form of clamp; and
Figure 7 is a similar view of Figure 6 but showing the relationship of the clamp to a pair of superposed profiled structural members.
Referring to the drawings and to Figures 1 and 2, the clamp forming the first embodiment of the invention is of two-piece construction the first which includes a clamp member having inner and outer faces 1,2 with a threaded portion 14 extending from the inner face. The inner face 1 of the member is provided with a pair of slots the first indicated generally at 4 which (and as will be seen from Figure 2) is of substantially square cross-section and constituted by a pair of opposed surfaces 5,6 each extending substantially normal to the longitudinal axis of the threaded portion 14 and connected together by a surface 7 which is normal thereto, surface 5 being of lesser depth than surface 6.
The second slot, indicated generally at 8, is constituted by a pair of opposed surfaces 9, 10 (extending substantially normal to the longitudinal axis of shank 14) which are connected together by a pair of converging surfaces 11, 12 whereby said slot 8 is of substantially conical cross-section, surface 11 being shorter (when viewed in cross-section) than surface 12. The angle between said surfaces 11 and 12 is within the range of 85" and 100" and is preferably 90 .
Cooperating means (taking the form of a butterfly nut 16 on the threaded portion 14) is also provided.
In operation, and depending upon the particular cross-section of the stub flange of the structural member, the clamp is adjusted on the said member whereby the stub flange will be located in the appropriate and complementary, slot 4 or 8 and the nut 16 then tightened on the threaded portion 14.
In the second form of invention, the threaded portion takes the form of a headed, threaded steel bolt 14 (see Figure 4) which passes through a bore 3 (see
Figure 3) formed in the clamp member. The clamp member is provided with a third slot, indicated generally at 13, which is intermediate and parallel with slots 4 and 8 and co-extensive with the central transverse axis of bore 3.
Hence, the entire assembly includes said steel bolt 14 on which the clamp member is initially slidably mounted said bolt being provided with a relatively small transverse hole (not shown). In assembling the clamp, once the member has been mounted on bolt 14 so that the outer face 2 is in engagement with the head of the bolt and the third slot 13 is in alignment with the small transverse slot in the bolt, a pin 15 is inserted in said slot and through said hole in bolt 14, said pin thereby positively inhibiting the clamp member from movement and securing it on the bolt.
The butterfly nut 16 or any other suitable nut is then screwed on the lower end of bolt 14 so as to entrap the profiled structural member between it and the clamp so as to accommodate a stub flange of said structural member, said flange having the same profile as either slot 4 or slot 8.
Referring now to Figures 6 and 7 of the drawings, the third form of clamp includes a pair of members A and B which complement one another, including inner and outer faces 1,2 with an unthreaded bore (not shown but similar to bore 3) extending therethrough. The inner face 1 of each member is provided with the three slots 4,8 and 13 described above in connection with the second form of invention.
The entire third assembly includes a bolt 14 on which the first and second clamp members A, B are initially slidably mounted, said bolt again being provided with a relatively small transverse hole (not shown). In assembling the clamp, once member A has been mounted on bolt 14 so that the outer face 2 is in engagement with the head of the bolt and the third slot 13 is in alignment with the small transverse slot in the bolt, pin 15 is inserted in said slot and through said hole in bolt 14, said pin thereby positively inhibiting the first clamp memberAfrom movement and securing in on the bolt. The second clamp member B is then mounted on bolt 14 whereby its inner face 1 will be opposed to the inner face 1 of clamp member A. A nut 16 is then screwed on to the free end of bolt 14 so as to retain the integers in operative relationship to one another where member B is slidably and swivelly mounted on the bolt 14.
In operation, and as shown in Figure 7, either one of each pair of slots 4 or 8 (depending on the profile of the stub flanges of the structural member M) accommodates a stub flange of an adjacent structural member and which flange has substantially the same profile as that of its accommodating slot. A portion of the upper or lower chord (as the case may be) of the structural member is accommodated between the inner face 1 of the pair of clamping members A and B and is retained in such position by the interacting relationship of the bolt and nut urging the clamping members together.
Claims (10)
1. A clamp capable of being detachably fastened to a profiled structural member, said clamp including a threaded portion, at least a first clamp member fast on said threaded portion, and means cooperating with said threaded portion to urge said first member into its clamping relationship with a com- plementary portion of said profiled member, said clamp member having at least a first slot of substantially square cross-section, and a second slot of sub stantiallyconical cross-section; said slots being adapted to accommodate a stub flange of said structural member and which flange has substantially the same profile as that of its accommodating slot.
2. A clamp according to Claim 1 including a second member slidably and swivelly mounted on said threaded portion and retained thereon by said cooperating means, said second member having slots complementing those in said first member and opposed thereto; a selected one of each pair of said complementary slots accommodating a said stub flange, a further portion of said structural member being accommodated between both of said clamping members and being retained in such position by the interacting relationship of the threaded portion and said cooperating means urging said clamping members towards one another.
3. Aclamp according to Claim 1 or 2 wherein each first slot is constituted by a pair of opposed surfaces each extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said threaded portion and con
nected, at one end thereof, by a surface which is
normal thereto, one of said pair of opposed surfaces
being of lesser depth than the other.
4. Aclamp according to Claim 3 wherein each second slot is constituted by a pair of opposed surfaces each extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said threaded portion and connected together, at one end thereof, by a pair of converging surfaces whereby a slot of substantially conical cross-section is presented, one of said converging surfaces being longer than the other in crosssection.
5. Aclamp according to Claim 4wherein the angle between said converging surfaces is within the rangeof850to 100'.
6. Aclamp according to Claim 5 wherein the angle between said converging surfaces is 90".
7. A clamp according to Claim 5 including at least one hole in said threaded portion transverse to said longitudinal axis, a third slot in at least said first member intermediate said first and second slots and parallel therewith, and a detachable pin located in said third slot and passing through said threaded means detachably to secure said first member (A) to said threaded means.
8. A clamp according to any of the preceding claims wherein the cooperating means is a nut and wherein the latter and said threaded portion are steel.
9. Aclamp according to Claim 7 wherein said members are formed from aluminum.
10. Aclamp substantially as hereinbefore described and as shown in Figures 1 and 2 or Figures 3 to 5 or Figures 6 and 7 of the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA000368630A CA1140362A (en) | 1981-01-15 | 1981-01-15 | Adjustable clamp |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB2093519A true GB2093519A (en) | 1982-09-02 |
Family
ID=4118937
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB8137773A Withdrawn GB2093519A (en) | 1981-01-15 | 1981-12-15 | Clamp |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS57173606A (en) |
AU (1) | AU530685B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8200146A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1140362A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3200435A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2497884A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2093519A (en) |
NL (1) | NL8200046A (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA818873B (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2150684A (en) * | 1983-11-09 | 1985-07-03 | Westfaelische Metall Industrie | Dipped vehicle headlamp |
GB2176530A (en) * | 1985-05-29 | 1986-12-31 | British Alcan Aluminium Ltd | Clamping devices and assemblies incorporating such clamping devices |
WO1988006685A1 (en) * | 1987-02-28 | 1988-09-07 | Waldorf, Veronika | Device for releasable connection between two objects |
FR2650874A1 (en) * | 1989-08-08 | 1991-02-15 | Bennes Marrel | Assembly section and metal structure including at least one pair of them |
EP1384903A1 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2004-01-28 | PLAMAC S.p.A. | Jointing assembly and tubular elements for the realisation of tubular structures |
EP1473500A1 (en) * | 2003-04-28 | 2004-11-03 | S.I.M.E.T. s.n.c. di Zanardo Stefano & C. | System of connection means for a cable way supporting device |
ES2257118A1 (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2006-07-16 | S.A. De Vera (Savera) | Slide rope device for high-velocity lift guides, has wing sections, each having pressing mechanism with jaws distributed on sides of lift guide to press slide rope and formed with conjugated geometry corresponding to sides of wing section |
GB2468145A (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-01 | Kierbeck Ltd | Clamp for joining the circumferential band of adjacent cage sections |
CN101250919B (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2012-09-19 | 程友珍 | Building block capable of building to lock each other to form multifunctional wall |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU603809B2 (en) * | 1986-06-30 | 1990-11-29 | Crane Enfield Metals Pty Limited | A method and apparatus for machining a work piece and a jig assembly for holding the work piece |
US6201329B1 (en) * | 1997-10-27 | 2001-03-13 | Mohawk Innovative Technology, Inc. | Pump having magnetic bearing for pumping blood and the like |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1043738A (en) * | 1951-10-11 | 1953-11-10 | Assembly fittings for structural elements | |
FR1284918A (en) * | 1961-03-24 | 1962-02-16 | Meyer Keller Noe Schalttech | Fixing for removably joining bars, joists and the like |
JPS451102Y1 (en) * | 1965-05-24 | 1970-01-19 | ||
JPS4828209A (en) * | 1971-08-16 | 1973-04-14 | ||
GB1501783A (en) * | 1976-02-17 | 1978-02-22 | Anthes Equip Ltd | Constant depth joist |
-
1981
- 1981-01-15 CA CA000368630A patent/CA1140362A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-12-15 GB GB8137773A patent/GB2093519A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1981-12-22 ZA ZA818873A patent/ZA818873B/en unknown
-
1982
- 1982-01-07 NL NL8200046A patent/NL8200046A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1982-01-09 DE DE19823200435 patent/DE3200435A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1982-01-12 BR BR8200146A patent/BR8200146A/en unknown
- 1982-01-13 FR FR8200413A patent/FR2497884A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1982-01-14 JP JP57004795A patent/JPS57173606A/en active Pending
- 1982-01-15 AU AU79558/82A patent/AU530685B2/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2150684A (en) * | 1983-11-09 | 1985-07-03 | Westfaelische Metall Industrie | Dipped vehicle headlamp |
GB2176530A (en) * | 1985-05-29 | 1986-12-31 | British Alcan Aluminium Ltd | Clamping devices and assemblies incorporating such clamping devices |
GB2176530B (en) * | 1985-05-29 | 1989-07-05 | British Alcan Aluminium Ltd | Improvements in or relating to clamping devices and vehicle body assemblies incorporating such clamping devices |
WO1988006685A1 (en) * | 1987-02-28 | 1988-09-07 | Waldorf, Veronika | Device for releasable connection between two objects |
FR2650874A1 (en) * | 1989-08-08 | 1991-02-15 | Bennes Marrel | Assembly section and metal structure including at least one pair of them |
EP1384903A1 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2004-01-28 | PLAMAC S.p.A. | Jointing assembly and tubular elements for the realisation of tubular structures |
EP1473500A1 (en) * | 2003-04-28 | 2004-11-03 | S.I.M.E.T. s.n.c. di Zanardo Stefano & C. | System of connection means for a cable way supporting device |
ES2257118A1 (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2006-07-16 | S.A. De Vera (Savera) | Slide rope device for high-velocity lift guides, has wing sections, each having pressing mechanism with jaws distributed on sides of lift guide to press slide rope and formed with conjugated geometry corresponding to sides of wing section |
CN101250919B (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2012-09-19 | 程友珍 | Building block capable of building to lock each other to form multifunctional wall |
GB2468145A (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-01 | Kierbeck Ltd | Clamp for joining the circumferential band of adjacent cage sections |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU530685B2 (en) | 1983-07-28 |
NL8200046A (en) | 1982-08-02 |
AU7955882A (en) | 1982-07-22 |
DE3200435A1 (en) | 1982-08-26 |
BR8200146A (en) | 1982-11-03 |
ZA818873B (en) | 1982-11-24 |
FR2497884A1 (en) | 1982-07-16 |
JPS57173606A (en) | 1982-10-26 |
CA1140362A (en) | 1983-02-01 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |