CA1075491A - Device for taking bottom soil samples from deep water basins - Google Patents
Device for taking bottom soil samples from deep water basinsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1075491A CA1075491A CA256,548A CA256548A CA1075491A CA 1075491 A CA1075491 A CA 1075491A CA 256548 A CA256548 A CA 256548A CA 1075491 A CA1075491 A CA 1075491A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- leader
- grab
- jaws
- rod
- leader rod
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000003578 releasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010516 chain-walking reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 2
- KRTSDMXIXPKRQR-AATRIKPKSA-N monocrotophos Chemical compound CNC(=O)\C=C(/C)OP(=O)(OC)OC KRTSDMXIXPKRQR-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001502381 Budorcas taxicolor Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000775914 Valdivia <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
- E02F3/413—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with grabbing device
- E02F3/4131—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with grabbing device mounted on a floating substructure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
- E21B25/18—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors the core receiver being specially adapted for operation under water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/02—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by mechanically taking samples of the soil
- E21B49/025—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by mechanically taking samples of the soil of underwater soil, e.g. with grab devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/12—Underwater drilling
- E21B7/124—Underwater drilling with underwater tool drive prime mover, e.g. portable drilling rigs for use on underwater floors
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The invention relates to a device for taking bottom soil samples from a deep water basin. The device includes, a frame, a leader rod accommodated in the frame and provided with a float at the top, a sampling element located at the lower part of the leader rod and made in the form of a grab with normally open jaws, and ballast weights removably suspended from the frame and weighing enough to lower the device in the water of the basin until the lower end of the leader rod strikes the bottom of the basin. The grab jaws are closable, and the ballast weights are removed from the frame when the leader rod strikes the bottom of the basin by a mechanical lock joint which connects the weights with the leader rod so that when the leader rod strikes the bottom the lock jointsshifts the weight to an unstable state and they are removed from the frame. Containers are articulated at lower points on the jaws of the grab in a state of labile equilibrium and are filled with the ballast weights of a preset mass, and a system of levers having one end connected with the leader rod and the other end bearing against the containers for holding them in an initial position and for releasing them at the moment when the leader rod strikes an obstacle. The leader rod is movable in an axial direction.
The invention relates to a device for taking bottom soil samples from a deep water basin. The device includes, a frame, a leader rod accommodated in the frame and provided with a float at the top, a sampling element located at the lower part of the leader rod and made in the form of a grab with normally open jaws, and ballast weights removably suspended from the frame and weighing enough to lower the device in the water of the basin until the lower end of the leader rod strikes the bottom of the basin. The grab jaws are closable, and the ballast weights are removed from the frame when the leader rod strikes the bottom of the basin by a mechanical lock joint which connects the weights with the leader rod so that when the leader rod strikes the bottom the lock jointsshifts the weight to an unstable state and they are removed from the frame. Containers are articulated at lower points on the jaws of the grab in a state of labile equilibrium and are filled with the ballast weights of a preset mass, and a system of levers having one end connected with the leader rod and the other end bearing against the containers for holding them in an initial position and for releasing them at the moment when the leader rod strikes an obstacle. The leader rod is movable in an axial direction.
Description
~75491 ll The present invention relates to self-contained apparatuses intended to take samples of the upper layers of sedimentary deposits from the bottom of an ocean or other deep water basins.
Known in the previous art are self-contaired samp-lers used, for example, large-scale prospecting of deep-water deposits of iron manganese nodules on the ocean bottom. Such samplers are exemplified by free-falling grabs employed by the speciali~ed vessel "V~ldivia" (Federal Republic of Gexmany) carrying out prospecting work for concretions in the Pacific and Indian Oceans (see, for example, "Free-falling grabs for undexwater work" in the collected papers "Express Information"
"Underwater engineering, diving and ship-raising work", VNIIGI
No. 43, 1973, pp. 27-29).
Being a prototype of the present invention, the self~
contained samplers of the free-falling grab type consist of a frame with floats, droppable ballast weights, a retainer, a leader rod and a working element made in the form of the grab jaws operated by a spring or a rubber cord.
According to the German experience gained by research wor~ers and geologists, the use of free-falling samplers for exploration and prospecting of solid mineral deposits on the bottom of the ocean is highly effective (the efficiency of bottom exploration reach~s 100-120 square miles a day); how-,~ .
~ ever> the design of these samplers has O o basic disadvantages '.~ ~ . '-vjl~
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(a) the weight of` the lifted sample does no-t exceed 3-3.5 kg of concretions collected from -the bot-tom area not over 0.1 m . Ihis is att:r-ibutable -to -the use of springs and rubber cords for ac-tuating -the grab jaws; these springs and cords are capable of ac-tua-ting only smal]. jaws and, in addi-tion, pr-oduce uneven forces within the working cycle;
(b) -the known designs of self-con-tained samplers are not provided with devices for their emergency surfacing so that with incompletely closed jaws of the grab which gets stuck in clay of is caught by a boulder and with the nondropped bal-last the sampler is apt to be lost. Thus the "Valdivia"
loses from 10 to 50% of the total number of samplers in a month.
Also known is an even more advanced design of self-con-tained samplers devised by a French industrial and research association KNEKCO (see, for example, accepted patent appli-cation No.2.336.800, Cl.5b 45/00, 1973, Federal Republic of Germany).
Operation of this sampler is less hindered by the adverse effect of the irregularities of the oceanic bottom; still its design is also very involved ! and, like free-falling grabs, it fails to ensure reliable collection and lifting of samples heavier than 3-3.5 kg.
An object of the present invention is to provide a device for taking bottom soil samples from deep water basins which would step up the efficiency of exploration of -the botbom in ~075~9~
carrying out oceanographic and prospecting work, in preparation of cons-truc-tion projec-ts and in geological prospec-ting proces-es.
Another objec-t oE~-the present invention ls -to provide a device for taking bot-tom soil samples from deep water basins which would be adapted for lifting heavier samples -than -those lif-ted by -the known devices of the same application.
Still ano-ther important object of the present invention is to provide a device for taking bottom soil samples from deep water basins which would incorporate a mechanism for emergency surfacing in case of, say, incomplete closing of the grab jaws, or, in other words, for guaranteed dropping of the ballast weights from the sampler lowered on the bottom.
A further object of the present invention is also to pro-vide a device for taking bottom soil samples from deep water basins which would be more reliable due to independent func-tioning of the systems for lifting the apparatus and closing the jaws of its grab.
A still further object of the present invention is to provide a device ~or taking bo-ttom soil samples from deep ~ ~ -water basins wherein the above-mentioned advantages would be ~ ' achieved in a comparatively simple, convenient and cheap design which does not call for the use of unique and costly ~;
units.
An object of the present invention is also to provide an economical device of the above-stated application whercin the `:
~075491 nonrecoverable ballast weight would consist of any readily accessible bulk material.
These and other objects are achieved by providing a device for taking bottom soil samples from deep water basins which comprises a leader rod with a float at the top and a sampler at the bottom made in the form of a grab with normally open jaws, and droppable free-suspended ballast weights whose mass is sufficient for lowering the device until the lower end of the leader rod strikes the bottom. Said device is charac-terized in that it includes two systems operating independentlyand separately from each other in the kinematical and actuating i respects, viz., a system for closing the grab jaws and a system for dropping the ballast weights, said last system being constituted by a unit for unstable fixing of the weights coupled by a lock joint with the leader rod so that at the moment when said rod strikes the bottom, the weights are shifted by said joint to an unstable state and detached from theideviceO
In accordance with a specific embodiment, a device for taking bottom soil samples from a deep water basin comprises:
a frame, a leader rod accommodated in said frame and provided with a float at the top' a sampling element located at the lower part of said leader rod and made in the form of a grab with normally open jaws, ballast weights removably suspended from said frame and weighing enough to lower the device in the water of the basin until the lower end of said leader rod strikes the bottom of the basin, means for closing the grab jaws, means for removing the ballast weights from said frame when said leader rod strikes the bottom of the basin, wherein said means for removing includes a mechanical lock joint, which connects said weights with the leader rod so that when said leader rod strikes the bottom said lock joint shifts the weights to an unstable state and they are removed from the frame, containers which are articulated at .
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lower points ~n the jaws of the grab in a state of labile equi-librium and are filled with the ballast weights of a preset mass, and a system of levers, said levers having one end connected with said leader rod and the other end bearing against said containers for holding them in an initial position and for releasing them at the moment when the leader rod strikes an obstacle, said leader rod being movable in an axial direction.
Such an engineering solution raises the reliability of the device, namely it guarantees the emergency surfacing of the lowered apparatus irrespective of the operation of the sampling system.
According to another modification of the present invention we hereby provide a device for taking soil samples characterized in that the ballast-dropping system includes : cantilevered levers whose lower ends are connected with the , - ~a -~j , .
~075~91 hinged grab jaws; in -the :initial position said levers are normally directed upward and loca-ted close -to t;he central leader rod with which -they are connected by rigid links which -turn the can-tilevered levers -toge-ther with the grab jaws sharp-ly sidewise from the ]eader rod when the latter s-trikes the bottom, the upper free ends of the levers being provided with open cu-touts which accommodate the ballast weight holders and which are shaped so as to allow the weights to snap out of the cutouts at a minimum preset turning angle of the canti-levered levers.
The above engineering solution is one of the simplest designs of a lever-type dynamic devices for guaranteed drop-ping of ballast weights when the leader rod strikes the basin bottom.
According to another modification of the present inven-tion disclosure is made of a device characterized by that the leader rod of the device is loaded axially by springs, is located in a guide rod connected with a float, and has a shaped cam section interacting with a tripping lever retainer of said links, said retainer being located on the guide rod;
said links hold the cantilevered levers in the initial position, close to the leader rod. -The modification of the presen-t invention considered above provides a convenient and effective linkage between the leader rod and the ballast-carrying levers.
lV75~
According -to another modifica-tion Or the present inven-tion disclosure is made of a device characterized by that each jaw of the grab hinged -to the lower part of the leader rod and held open by said lin}cs together wi-th the rigidly fastened cantilevered lever has a centre of gravity which is eccentric relative to the sw:ivelling centre of turning so that on releas-ing of the links the ja~s close and turn under the force of gravity.
The above engineering solution is based on a kinematic layout which ensures automatic closing of the grab jaws as soon -~
as they are disengaged from the leader rod, i.e. at the moment when the device strikes the ground.
According to still further modification of the present invention disclosure is made of a device for taking bottom soil samples characterized by -the said ballast-dropping system has `
shaped recesses made on the upper side of each grab jaw and forming sockets for free accommodation of the ballast weights in the form of rolling elements which are normally held in the sockets when the grab jaws are open and the leader rod has a group of projections which interact with the ballast weights when the leader rod strikes an object, so that said rolling elements come freely out of said sockets.
The above modification of the present invention provides a convenient and compact design ensuring initial holding and guaranteed dropping of the ballast weights wi-thout the use of any additional load-carrying levers.
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10`75a~1 According to the present invention disclosure is also made of the device for taking soil samples which characterized by that said ballast-dropping system comprises hopper-cont-ainers which are articulated at their lower point in a state of labile equilibrium and filled with ballast of a preset mass; besides, there is a thrust lever system connected at one end with the axially-movable leader rod and normally bearing at the other end agains-t said hoppers for holding them in the initial position and releasing them at the moment the leader rod s-trikes an object.
This engineering solution makes it possible to dispense with the manufacture of special ballast weights and allows the ~ ~
apparatus to be repeatedly and economically used for taking ~ -samples because the ballast in this design may be constituted by any easy-to-get bulk material such as pebbles, cobblestone, etc.
According to the next modification of the present inven-tion disclosure is made of a soil-sampling device characterized by that said jaw-closing system which is independent from said ballast-dropping system includes a group of pulley blocks coup-led at one end with the floa~ and at the other, with the grab Jaws an a lock retainer which normally links the float with the leader rod and disconnects then when said leader rod strikes an object.
- This version of the invention provides a reliable system of pulley blocks which releases the float after the leader rod ' : ~
': :
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strikes the bo-ttom and performs successively the following operations: first closing the grab jaws by the cables tensioned by -the rising floa-t, -then lif-ting out the entire device after the jaws close to a maximum and the entire free length of -the cable is -taken up.
In the following modification of the present invention . disclosure is made of a device characterized by tha-t said pulley ~ ~
blocks comprise pulleys fas-tened on the grab jaws and a cable ~ .
chain running around said pulleys, one end of said chain being connected to the float while its other sections are brough-t to the hinged grab jaws for closing them when the float comes to the surface and the cable is released from said lock retainer.
Such technical solution offers an optimum layout of cables in the above-mentioned system of pulley blocks.
In another version of the present invention disclosure is made of device characterized by that said lock-retainer comp- .
rises a group of radial spring-loaded pins interacting with a cam projection on the leader rod and normally connecting said leader rod with a movable sleeve which holds the float via the pulley block cable.
Finally, the above modification of the present invention provides a reliable design of the tripping lock joint between the leader rod and the float via the pulley block cables.
Now the present invention will be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
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Fig. 1 is a general view of the device for -taking bottom soil samples from deep water basins with cantilevered levers during submersion and on reaching the bottom;
Fig. 2 - same, initial sample-taking stage;
Fig. 3 - same, final sample--taking stage;
Fig. 4 - same, breaking off from -the bottom and surfacing;
Fig. 5 is a general view of the lock-retainer of the de-vice for taking bottom soil samples from deep water basins;
Fig. 6 is a section taken along line VI-VI in Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is a general view of the device for taking bottom soil samples from deep water basins incorporating a pulley block system with the grab jaws closed;
Fig. 8 - same, side view; ~-Fig. 9 - same, with grab jaw open;
Fig. 10 is a general view with a sectionalized lock-re-tainer of the device for taking bottom soil samples from deep water basins; ~ `
Fig. 11 is a general view of the device for taking botbom soil samples from deep water basins with hopper-containers and with the grab jaws open;
Fig. 12 - same, with the grab jaws closed;
Fig. 13 - same, side view;
Fig. 14 shows the kinematic diagram of the lock-retainer of the device for taking bottom soil samples from deep water basins during submersion of the apparatus;
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1~75~9~
~`ig.15 - same, tt-e moment of strikin~ -the bottom;
Figr16 - sa~le, a~er takin~ -the sample and before surf`acillg.
Accordin~ to the first e~bodiment of the presant inven--tion the device comprises a woxki~g element made in the ~orm of the jaws o~ the ~rab 1 (I~'igs 1, 2, 3, 4) with cantilevered leveIs ~ whose ~ree ends carry the grips of droppable ballast weights 3 made in the form of forks 4. A characteristic feature ~ o~ the device consists in i-ts sys^tems which operate indepe~dent-- ly and are separated from each other in kinematical and actuat-ing respects~
'L'he devi~e compIises a syste~ for closing the jaws of -the -:
grab 1 and a system for dropping the ballast weights 3 said last system being, essentially, a unit for uns-table fastening of the weights 3.
~ he jaws o~ the grab 1 are provided with links 5 articul-a-ted at one end to -the jaw of the grab 1 while their o-ther ends are articulated to a sleeve 6. '~he sleeve 6 is mounted :~
with a provision for sliding along a guide rod 7 interactin~
with a retainer which consists o~ L-shaped levers 8 (~ig~5, 6) articulated to the rod 7 and installed by the ~ree ends in the sleeve 6 with locking holes 9. ~'he L,shaped levers 8 are capable of in-teracti~g wi-th the profiled section 11 o~ the : leader rod 10 which moves along the rod 7 a~d is loaded b~
spring 12. 'rhe upper portion o~ the device is provided wi-th a float 14 secured by a ~ ge joint 13.
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As the device is launched from the carrier craf-t, i-ts negative buoyancy created by -the droppable ballast weights 3 causes the device to submerge at an average speed of 1.2-1.5 m/s until it strikes the bo-ttom of -tl-e ocean. Strlking the bo-t-tom, the leader rod 10 goes up inside the rod 7 and con-tacts by i-ts profiled section 11 wi-th the L-shaped ].evers 8 of -the retainer; as a result, the retainer opera-tes and the levers 8 release -the locking holes 9 of -the sleeve 6.
Normally, the cantilever levers 2 in the initial position are directed upward and located close to the central leader rod 10 with which they are connected by rigid links 5; as the ; leader rod 10 strikes the bottom, said links turn the canti-lever levers 2 together with the jaws of the grab 1 sidewise from leader rod 10; the upper free ends of the levers 2 have open cutouts acco~modating the holders of the ballast weights 3 the shape of said holders allowing said weights 3 to fall out of the cutouts at a minimum preset turning angle of the le-vers 2.
Inasmuch as the centre of gravity of the grab jaws is eccentric relative to the hinge, said jaws together with the cantilever levers 2 and droppable weights 3 are turned by the forces of inertia, thus cutting and grabbing a layer of bottom soil. When the cantilever levers 2 come to a horizontal position or are slightly inclined down, the centrifugal force discharges automatically -the ballast weights 3 from the fork-shaped grips 4. After dropping the ballast weights the device ':. . ~.
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with the float 1~ acquires a positive buoyancy, brings the sample up to the surface and is picked by the carrier craft.
: According -to another embodiment of the invention the sampling device consists of a working element made in the form of the jaws of` a grab 15 (~igs 7-10) with shaped cutouts 16 and sockets 17 which accommodate droppable ballast weights 18.
Fixed between the jaws 15 are fle~ible links 19 whose other ends are mounted on the float 20 and the guide rod 29 below the sockets 17 for the droppable weights 18 has stops 22 mounted with a provision for interacting with the droppable weights 18 during closing of the jaws of the grab 15; the retainer 13 holding the jaws of the grab 15 in the open po-sition is made in the form of spring-loaded pins 24 installed so that they can interact with the shaped cam section 25 of the leader rod 26.
~ Thus, in the second embodiment of the invention the bal-:~ last~dropping system includes shaped recesses made on the upper side of each jaw of the grab 15 and forming sockets 17 for free accommodation of the ballast weights 18 in the form of rolling elements which are normally held in the sockets 17 : with the grab jaws open and roll freely out of said sockets 17 when the end of the leader rod 26 strikes an obstacle.
In the third embodiment of the present invention the sampling devi.ce consists of a working element made in the form of jaws of the grab 15 with shaped cutouts 16 and sockets 17 which accommodate droppable ballast weights 18.
: -12-3L~754~
Fixed between the jaws 15 are flexible link3 19 whose other ends are mounted on the float 20 the guide rod 29 ~as stops 22 installed below the sockets 17 for the droppable weights 18 and capable of interacting with said weights 18 on closing of the jaws of the grab 15, the retainer 23 holding the grah jaws in the open position is made in the form of spring-loaded pins 24 which can interact with the shaped cam section 25 of the leader rod 26.
The above-described device functions as follows.
After the device has been launched from the carrier craft, its negative buoyancy created by the droppable ballast weights 18 causes it to submerge at an average speed of 1.2-1.5 m/s until it reaches the bottom of the ocean. On striking the bottom, the leader rod 26 rises inside the guide rod 21 and its shaped section 25 which contacts the spring-loaded pins 24 releases the jaws of the grab 15, said jaws start closing and cut the sedimentary deposits under the effect of the Archimedean force built up by the floats 20 and transmitted by the flex- .
ible links 19. On closing of the jaws of the grab 15 the stops 22 push the droppable weights 18 out of the sockets 17. After taking the soil sample and after closing of the jaws of the grab 15 the device acquires a positive buoyancy due to the lifting force of the float 20 and the dropping of the ballast ~.
weights 18, it rises to the surface of water and is picked up by the carrier craft, :~ :
According to the fourth embodiment of the present : invention . . .
~(37~9~
the sampling device consists of a working element in -the form of the jaws of the grab 27 (~igs. 11-16) fixed on a frame 28 with a supporting rod 29, pulleys 30 wi-th a cable reeved and connected with the float 31. l~he upper part of the float is provided wi-th a device 33 for searching and spot-ting -the sur-faced sampler in the form of, say, a passive reflector.
I`o accommodate -the ballas-t weigh-ts 34 of any shape and profile, the sampling device is provided wit}- hopper-contain-ers 35 which have cantilever stops 36. The containers 35 are fixed on the jaws of the grab 27 with the aid of horizontal axles 37. The locking device of the sampler is, essentially, a mechanism for synchronizing the operation of the jaws of the grab 27 and dropping the ballast weights 34, said mechanism consisting of synchronizing rods 38 articulating the leader rod 39 with the jaws of the grab 27. The synchronizing rods 38 are installed so as to ensure self-fixing of the grab jaws in the wide open position.
Said system for dropping the ballast weights 34 comprises hopper-containers 35 articulated at the lower points in the state of labile equilibrium and filled with ballast of a preset mass, and has a system of thrust levers connected at one end with an axially-movable leader rod 39 while their other ends normally bear against said hopper-containers 35 for holding them in -the initial position and releasing them at the moment when the leader rod 39 strikes an obstacle.
The sampling device operates as follows.
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:107~ 9~ -Before the sarnpling device is launched from the carrier craft the ~jaws of the grab 27 are completely opened and fixed .
in -this posi-tion by the synchronizing rods 38. Due to the interact:ion of the synchronizing rods 38 with the cantilevered stops 36 the locking device :Eixes -the containers 35 in the raised position after which -they are filled with the required number of ballas-t weights 8.
At the sampling device s-trikes the bottom the leader rod 39 goes up and releases the locking device due to the rising o:f the synchronizing rods 32 which articulate the leader rod 39 with the jaws of the grab 27.
Rising, the synchronizing rods 38 interact with the canti-levered stops 36 thus -turning the containers around the horiz-ontal axles 37, overturning them and discharging -the ballast :~ weights 34. The released jaws of the grab 27 start closing and scrape off the sedimentary deposits from the bottom of the ocean. The jaws of the grab 27 are closed by the Archimedan force created by the released float 31 and transmitted by the `~-flexible links made in the form of pulley block cable 32 reeved on the pulleys 30. Full closing of the jaws of -the grab 27 ~:
completes the sampling cycle and the sampler acquiring positive ~. ~
buoyancy with the said of the float 31 comes to the surface of :
the ocean, is spotted by means of, say, a radar and a passive reflector 33 and picked on board the carrier craft.
:`
~ -15-
Known in the previous art are self-contaired samp-lers used, for example, large-scale prospecting of deep-water deposits of iron manganese nodules on the ocean bottom. Such samplers are exemplified by free-falling grabs employed by the speciali~ed vessel "V~ldivia" (Federal Republic of Gexmany) carrying out prospecting work for concretions in the Pacific and Indian Oceans (see, for example, "Free-falling grabs for undexwater work" in the collected papers "Express Information"
"Underwater engineering, diving and ship-raising work", VNIIGI
No. 43, 1973, pp. 27-29).
Being a prototype of the present invention, the self~
contained samplers of the free-falling grab type consist of a frame with floats, droppable ballast weights, a retainer, a leader rod and a working element made in the form of the grab jaws operated by a spring or a rubber cord.
According to the German experience gained by research wor~ers and geologists, the use of free-falling samplers for exploration and prospecting of solid mineral deposits on the bottom of the ocean is highly effective (the efficiency of bottom exploration reach~s 100-120 square miles a day); how-,~ .
~ ever> the design of these samplers has O o basic disadvantages '.~ ~ . '-vjl~
.,........................................ , : .
': ' ' ' ~075~
(a) the weight of` the lifted sample does no-t exceed 3-3.5 kg of concretions collected from -the bot-tom area not over 0.1 m . Ihis is att:r-ibutable -to -the use of springs and rubber cords for ac-tuating -the grab jaws; these springs and cords are capable of ac-tua-ting only smal]. jaws and, in addi-tion, pr-oduce uneven forces within the working cycle;
(b) -the known designs of self-con-tained samplers are not provided with devices for their emergency surfacing so that with incompletely closed jaws of the grab which gets stuck in clay of is caught by a boulder and with the nondropped bal-last the sampler is apt to be lost. Thus the "Valdivia"
loses from 10 to 50% of the total number of samplers in a month.
Also known is an even more advanced design of self-con-tained samplers devised by a French industrial and research association KNEKCO (see, for example, accepted patent appli-cation No.2.336.800, Cl.5b 45/00, 1973, Federal Republic of Germany).
Operation of this sampler is less hindered by the adverse effect of the irregularities of the oceanic bottom; still its design is also very involved ! and, like free-falling grabs, it fails to ensure reliable collection and lifting of samples heavier than 3-3.5 kg.
An object of the present invention is to provide a device for taking bottom soil samples from deep water basins which would step up the efficiency of exploration of -the botbom in ~075~9~
carrying out oceanographic and prospecting work, in preparation of cons-truc-tion projec-ts and in geological prospec-ting proces-es.
Another objec-t oE~-the present invention ls -to provide a device for taking bot-tom soil samples from deep water basins which would be adapted for lifting heavier samples -than -those lif-ted by -the known devices of the same application.
Still ano-ther important object of the present invention is to provide a device for taking bottom soil samples from deep water basins which would incorporate a mechanism for emergency surfacing in case of, say, incomplete closing of the grab jaws, or, in other words, for guaranteed dropping of the ballast weights from the sampler lowered on the bottom.
A further object of the present invention is also to pro-vide a device for taking bottom soil samples from deep water basins which would be more reliable due to independent func-tioning of the systems for lifting the apparatus and closing the jaws of its grab.
A still further object of the present invention is to provide a device ~or taking bo-ttom soil samples from deep ~ ~ -water basins wherein the above-mentioned advantages would be ~ ' achieved in a comparatively simple, convenient and cheap design which does not call for the use of unique and costly ~;
units.
An object of the present invention is also to provide an economical device of the above-stated application whercin the `:
~075491 nonrecoverable ballast weight would consist of any readily accessible bulk material.
These and other objects are achieved by providing a device for taking bottom soil samples from deep water basins which comprises a leader rod with a float at the top and a sampler at the bottom made in the form of a grab with normally open jaws, and droppable free-suspended ballast weights whose mass is sufficient for lowering the device until the lower end of the leader rod strikes the bottom. Said device is charac-terized in that it includes two systems operating independentlyand separately from each other in the kinematical and actuating i respects, viz., a system for closing the grab jaws and a system for dropping the ballast weights, said last system being constituted by a unit for unstable fixing of the weights coupled by a lock joint with the leader rod so that at the moment when said rod strikes the bottom, the weights are shifted by said joint to an unstable state and detached from theideviceO
In accordance with a specific embodiment, a device for taking bottom soil samples from a deep water basin comprises:
a frame, a leader rod accommodated in said frame and provided with a float at the top' a sampling element located at the lower part of said leader rod and made in the form of a grab with normally open jaws, ballast weights removably suspended from said frame and weighing enough to lower the device in the water of the basin until the lower end of said leader rod strikes the bottom of the basin, means for closing the grab jaws, means for removing the ballast weights from said frame when said leader rod strikes the bottom of the basin, wherein said means for removing includes a mechanical lock joint, which connects said weights with the leader rod so that when said leader rod strikes the bottom said lock joint shifts the weights to an unstable state and they are removed from the frame, containers which are articulated at .
~, ' ' ' ' ' " '. ' .: :
~ ~7S~
lower points ~n the jaws of the grab in a state of labile equi-librium and are filled with the ballast weights of a preset mass, and a system of levers, said levers having one end connected with said leader rod and the other end bearing against said containers for holding them in an initial position and for releasing them at the moment when the leader rod strikes an obstacle, said leader rod being movable in an axial direction.
Such an engineering solution raises the reliability of the device, namely it guarantees the emergency surfacing of the lowered apparatus irrespective of the operation of the sampling system.
According to another modification of the present invention we hereby provide a device for taking soil samples characterized in that the ballast-dropping system includes : cantilevered levers whose lower ends are connected with the , - ~a -~j , .
~075~91 hinged grab jaws; in -the :initial position said levers are normally directed upward and loca-ted close -to t;he central leader rod with which -they are connected by rigid links which -turn the can-tilevered levers -toge-ther with the grab jaws sharp-ly sidewise from the ]eader rod when the latter s-trikes the bottom, the upper free ends of the levers being provided with open cu-touts which accommodate the ballast weight holders and which are shaped so as to allow the weights to snap out of the cutouts at a minimum preset turning angle of the canti-levered levers.
The above engineering solution is one of the simplest designs of a lever-type dynamic devices for guaranteed drop-ping of ballast weights when the leader rod strikes the basin bottom.
According to another modification of the present inven-tion disclosure is made of a device characterized by that the leader rod of the device is loaded axially by springs, is located in a guide rod connected with a float, and has a shaped cam section interacting with a tripping lever retainer of said links, said retainer being located on the guide rod;
said links hold the cantilevered levers in the initial position, close to the leader rod. -The modification of the presen-t invention considered above provides a convenient and effective linkage between the leader rod and the ballast-carrying levers.
lV75~
According -to another modifica-tion Or the present inven-tion disclosure is made of a device characterized by that each jaw of the grab hinged -to the lower part of the leader rod and held open by said lin}cs together wi-th the rigidly fastened cantilevered lever has a centre of gravity which is eccentric relative to the sw:ivelling centre of turning so that on releas-ing of the links the ja~s close and turn under the force of gravity.
The above engineering solution is based on a kinematic layout which ensures automatic closing of the grab jaws as soon -~
as they are disengaged from the leader rod, i.e. at the moment when the device strikes the ground.
According to still further modification of the present invention disclosure is made of a device for taking bottom soil samples characterized by -the said ballast-dropping system has `
shaped recesses made on the upper side of each grab jaw and forming sockets for free accommodation of the ballast weights in the form of rolling elements which are normally held in the sockets when the grab jaws are open and the leader rod has a group of projections which interact with the ballast weights when the leader rod strikes an object, so that said rolling elements come freely out of said sockets.
The above modification of the present invention provides a convenient and compact design ensuring initial holding and guaranteed dropping of the ballast weights wi-thout the use of any additional load-carrying levers.
. . .
. . .
,. ~
10`75a~1 According to the present invention disclosure is also made of the device for taking soil samples which characterized by that said ballast-dropping system comprises hopper-cont-ainers which are articulated at their lower point in a state of labile equilibrium and filled with ballast of a preset mass; besides, there is a thrust lever system connected at one end with the axially-movable leader rod and normally bearing at the other end agains-t said hoppers for holding them in the initial position and releasing them at the moment the leader rod s-trikes an object.
This engineering solution makes it possible to dispense with the manufacture of special ballast weights and allows the ~ ~
apparatus to be repeatedly and economically used for taking ~ -samples because the ballast in this design may be constituted by any easy-to-get bulk material such as pebbles, cobblestone, etc.
According to the next modification of the present inven-tion disclosure is made of a soil-sampling device characterized by that said jaw-closing system which is independent from said ballast-dropping system includes a group of pulley blocks coup-led at one end with the floa~ and at the other, with the grab Jaws an a lock retainer which normally links the float with the leader rod and disconnects then when said leader rod strikes an object.
- This version of the invention provides a reliable system of pulley blocks which releases the float after the leader rod ' : ~
': :
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~)7~
strikes the bo-ttom and performs successively the following operations: first closing the grab jaws by the cables tensioned by -the rising floa-t, -then lif-ting out the entire device after the jaws close to a maximum and the entire free length of -the cable is -taken up.
In the following modification of the present invention . disclosure is made of a device characterized by tha-t said pulley ~ ~
blocks comprise pulleys fas-tened on the grab jaws and a cable ~ .
chain running around said pulleys, one end of said chain being connected to the float while its other sections are brough-t to the hinged grab jaws for closing them when the float comes to the surface and the cable is released from said lock retainer.
Such technical solution offers an optimum layout of cables in the above-mentioned system of pulley blocks.
In another version of the present invention disclosure is made of device characterized by that said lock-retainer comp- .
rises a group of radial spring-loaded pins interacting with a cam projection on the leader rod and normally connecting said leader rod with a movable sleeve which holds the float via the pulley block cable.
Finally, the above modification of the present invention provides a reliable design of the tripping lock joint between the leader rod and the float via the pulley block cables.
Now the present invention will be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
.~ .
.
5(~9~
Fig. 1 is a general view of the device for -taking bottom soil samples from deep water basins with cantilevered levers during submersion and on reaching the bottom;
Fig. 2 - same, initial sample-taking stage;
Fig. 3 - same, final sample--taking stage;
Fig. 4 - same, breaking off from -the bottom and surfacing;
Fig. 5 is a general view of the lock-retainer of the de-vice for taking bottom soil samples from deep water basins;
Fig. 6 is a section taken along line VI-VI in Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is a general view of the device for taking bottom soil samples from deep water basins incorporating a pulley block system with the grab jaws closed;
Fig. 8 - same, side view; ~-Fig. 9 - same, with grab jaw open;
Fig. 10 is a general view with a sectionalized lock-re-tainer of the device for taking bottom soil samples from deep water basins; ~ `
Fig. 11 is a general view of the device for taking botbom soil samples from deep water basins with hopper-containers and with the grab jaws open;
Fig. 12 - same, with the grab jaws closed;
Fig. 13 - same, side view;
Fig. 14 shows the kinematic diagram of the lock-retainer of the device for taking bottom soil samples from deep water basins during submersion of the apparatus;
.' ~
_9_ .
1~75~9~
~`ig.15 - same, tt-e moment of strikin~ -the bottom;
Figr16 - sa~le, a~er takin~ -the sample and before surf`acillg.
Accordin~ to the first e~bodiment of the presant inven--tion the device comprises a woxki~g element made in the ~orm of the jaws o~ the ~rab 1 (I~'igs 1, 2, 3, 4) with cantilevered leveIs ~ whose ~ree ends carry the grips of droppable ballast weights 3 made in the form of forks 4. A characteristic feature ~ o~ the device consists in i-ts sys^tems which operate indepe~dent-- ly and are separated from each other in kinematical and actuat-ing respects~
'L'he devi~e compIises a syste~ for closing the jaws of -the -:
grab 1 and a system for dropping the ballast weights 3 said last system being, essentially, a unit for uns-table fastening of the weights 3.
~ he jaws o~ the grab 1 are provided with links 5 articul-a-ted at one end to -the jaw of the grab 1 while their o-ther ends are articulated to a sleeve 6. '~he sleeve 6 is mounted :~
with a provision for sliding along a guide rod 7 interactin~
with a retainer which consists o~ L-shaped levers 8 (~ig~5, 6) articulated to the rod 7 and installed by the ~ree ends in the sleeve 6 with locking holes 9. ~'he L,shaped levers 8 are capable of in-teracti~g wi-th the profiled section 11 o~ the : leader rod 10 which moves along the rod 7 a~d is loaded b~
spring 12. 'rhe upper portion o~ the device is provided wi-th a float 14 secured by a ~ ge joint 13.
., .
.. ~ . . .
. . . . .
, ~'' ' '' ~ ' ' ' ' , ' ',' .
~7S~
As the device is launched from the carrier craf-t, i-ts negative buoyancy created by -the droppable ballast weights 3 causes the device to submerge at an average speed of 1.2-1.5 m/s until it strikes the bo-ttom of -tl-e ocean. Strlking the bo-t-tom, the leader rod 10 goes up inside the rod 7 and con-tacts by i-ts profiled section 11 wi-th the L-shaped ].evers 8 of -the retainer; as a result, the retainer opera-tes and the levers 8 release -the locking holes 9 of -the sleeve 6.
Normally, the cantilever levers 2 in the initial position are directed upward and located close to the central leader rod 10 with which they are connected by rigid links 5; as the ; leader rod 10 strikes the bottom, said links turn the canti-lever levers 2 together with the jaws of the grab 1 sidewise from leader rod 10; the upper free ends of the levers 2 have open cutouts acco~modating the holders of the ballast weights 3 the shape of said holders allowing said weights 3 to fall out of the cutouts at a minimum preset turning angle of the le-vers 2.
Inasmuch as the centre of gravity of the grab jaws is eccentric relative to the hinge, said jaws together with the cantilever levers 2 and droppable weights 3 are turned by the forces of inertia, thus cutting and grabbing a layer of bottom soil. When the cantilever levers 2 come to a horizontal position or are slightly inclined down, the centrifugal force discharges automatically -the ballast weights 3 from the fork-shaped grips 4. After dropping the ballast weights the device ':. . ~.
~(~7S~
with the float 1~ acquires a positive buoyancy, brings the sample up to the surface and is picked by the carrier craft.
: According -to another embodiment of the invention the sampling device consists of a working element made in the form of the jaws of` a grab 15 (~igs 7-10) with shaped cutouts 16 and sockets 17 which accommodate droppable ballast weights 18.
Fixed between the jaws 15 are fle~ible links 19 whose other ends are mounted on the float 20 and the guide rod 29 below the sockets 17 for the droppable weights 18 has stops 22 mounted with a provision for interacting with the droppable weights 18 during closing of the jaws of the grab 15; the retainer 13 holding the jaws of the grab 15 in the open po-sition is made in the form of spring-loaded pins 24 installed so that they can interact with the shaped cam section 25 of the leader rod 26.
~ Thus, in the second embodiment of the invention the bal-:~ last~dropping system includes shaped recesses made on the upper side of each jaw of the grab 15 and forming sockets 17 for free accommodation of the ballast weights 18 in the form of rolling elements which are normally held in the sockets 17 : with the grab jaws open and roll freely out of said sockets 17 when the end of the leader rod 26 strikes an obstacle.
In the third embodiment of the present invention the sampling devi.ce consists of a working element made in the form of jaws of the grab 15 with shaped cutouts 16 and sockets 17 which accommodate droppable ballast weights 18.
: -12-3L~754~
Fixed between the jaws 15 are flexible link3 19 whose other ends are mounted on the float 20 the guide rod 29 ~as stops 22 installed below the sockets 17 for the droppable weights 18 and capable of interacting with said weights 18 on closing of the jaws of the grab 15, the retainer 23 holding the grah jaws in the open position is made in the form of spring-loaded pins 24 which can interact with the shaped cam section 25 of the leader rod 26.
The above-described device functions as follows.
After the device has been launched from the carrier craft, its negative buoyancy created by the droppable ballast weights 18 causes it to submerge at an average speed of 1.2-1.5 m/s until it reaches the bottom of the ocean. On striking the bottom, the leader rod 26 rises inside the guide rod 21 and its shaped section 25 which contacts the spring-loaded pins 24 releases the jaws of the grab 15, said jaws start closing and cut the sedimentary deposits under the effect of the Archimedean force built up by the floats 20 and transmitted by the flex- .
ible links 19. On closing of the jaws of the grab 15 the stops 22 push the droppable weights 18 out of the sockets 17. After taking the soil sample and after closing of the jaws of the grab 15 the device acquires a positive buoyancy due to the lifting force of the float 20 and the dropping of the ballast ~.
weights 18, it rises to the surface of water and is picked up by the carrier craft, :~ :
According to the fourth embodiment of the present : invention . . .
~(37~9~
the sampling device consists of a working element in -the form of the jaws of the grab 27 (~igs. 11-16) fixed on a frame 28 with a supporting rod 29, pulleys 30 wi-th a cable reeved and connected with the float 31. l~he upper part of the float is provided wi-th a device 33 for searching and spot-ting -the sur-faced sampler in the form of, say, a passive reflector.
I`o accommodate -the ballas-t weigh-ts 34 of any shape and profile, the sampling device is provided wit}- hopper-contain-ers 35 which have cantilever stops 36. The containers 35 are fixed on the jaws of the grab 27 with the aid of horizontal axles 37. The locking device of the sampler is, essentially, a mechanism for synchronizing the operation of the jaws of the grab 27 and dropping the ballast weights 34, said mechanism consisting of synchronizing rods 38 articulating the leader rod 39 with the jaws of the grab 27. The synchronizing rods 38 are installed so as to ensure self-fixing of the grab jaws in the wide open position.
Said system for dropping the ballast weights 34 comprises hopper-containers 35 articulated at the lower points in the state of labile equilibrium and filled with ballast of a preset mass, and has a system of thrust levers connected at one end with an axially-movable leader rod 39 while their other ends normally bear against said hopper-containers 35 for holding them in -the initial position and releasing them at the moment when the leader rod 39 strikes an obstacle.
The sampling device operates as follows.
~ ' :. .
:107~ 9~ -Before the sarnpling device is launched from the carrier craft the ~jaws of the grab 27 are completely opened and fixed .
in -this posi-tion by the synchronizing rods 38. Due to the interact:ion of the synchronizing rods 38 with the cantilevered stops 36 the locking device :Eixes -the containers 35 in the raised position after which -they are filled with the required number of ballas-t weights 8.
At the sampling device s-trikes the bottom the leader rod 39 goes up and releases the locking device due to the rising o:f the synchronizing rods 32 which articulate the leader rod 39 with the jaws of the grab 27.
Rising, the synchronizing rods 38 interact with the canti-levered stops 36 thus -turning the containers around the horiz-ontal axles 37, overturning them and discharging -the ballast :~ weights 34. The released jaws of the grab 27 start closing and scrape off the sedimentary deposits from the bottom of the ocean. The jaws of the grab 27 are closed by the Archimedan force created by the released float 31 and transmitted by the `~-flexible links made in the form of pulley block cable 32 reeved on the pulleys 30. Full closing of the jaws of -the grab 27 ~:
completes the sampling cycle and the sampler acquiring positive ~. ~
buoyancy with the said of the float 31 comes to the surface of :
the ocean, is spotted by means of, say, a radar and a passive reflector 33 and picked on board the carrier craft.
:`
~ -15-
Claims (8)
1. A device for taking bottom soil samples from a deep water basin comprising: a frame, a leader rod accommodated in said frame and provided with a float at the top, a sampling element located at the lower part of said leader rod and made in the form of a grab with normally open jaws, ballast weights removably sus-pended from said frame and weighing enough to lower the device in the water of the basin until the lower end of said leader rod strikes the bottom of the basin, means for closing the grab jaws;
means for removing the ballast weights from said frame when said leader rod strikes the bottom of the basin, wherein said means for removing includes a mechanical lock joint, which connects said weights with the leader rod so that when said leader rod strikes the bottom said lock joint shifts the, weights to an unstable state and they are removed from the frame, containers which are articulated at lower points on the jaws of the grab in a state of labile equilibrium and are filled with the ballast weights of a preset mass, and a system of levers, said levers having one end connected with said leader rod and the other end bearing against said containers for holding them in an initial position and for releasing them at the moment when the leader rod strikes an obstacle, said leader rod being movable in an axial direction.
means for removing the ballast weights from said frame when said leader rod strikes the bottom of the basin, wherein said means for removing includes a mechanical lock joint, which connects said weights with the leader rod so that when said leader rod strikes the bottom said lock joint shifts the, weights to an unstable state and they are removed from the frame, containers which are articulated at lower points on the jaws of the grab in a state of labile equilibrium and are filled with the ballast weights of a preset mass, and a system of levers, said levers having one end connected with said leader rod and the other end bearing against said containers for holding them in an initial position and for releasing them at the moment when the leader rod strikes an obstacle, said leader rod being movable in an axial direction.
2. A device for taking soil samples according to claim 1 wherein said means for closing the grab jaws incorporates a group of pulley blocks connected at one end with the float and connected at the other end with the grab jaws and with a lock retainer which normally holds the containers in equilibrium and upsets the containers when the leader rod strikes an-obstacle.
3. A device according to claim 2 wherein said pulley blocks comprise pulleys fixed on the grab jaws and a cable chain running over said pulleys, one end of said chain being connected to the float and the other chain sections being brought to the hinged grab jaws for closing them while the float comes to the surface and the cable is released from said lock retainer.
4. A device according to claim 1 wherein said leader rod is spring-loaded axially and located inside a guide rod connected with the float, and has a shaped cam section which interacts with a tripping lever retainer of said links which hold the cantilevered levers in the initial position close to the leader rod, said lever retainer being mounted on the guide rod.
5. A device according to claim 1 wherein each grab jaw hinged to the lower part of the guide rod and held open by said links together with the rigidly connected cantilevered lever has a center of gravity which is eccentric relative to the swivelling turning center so that on releasing of the links the jaws close, turning under the effect of the force of gravity.
6. A device for taking soil samples according to claim 1 wherein said ballast-dropping system comprises shaped recesses made on the upper side of each grab jaw and forming sockets for free accommodation of the ballast weights made in the form of rolling elements which are normally held in the sockets when the grab jaws are open, while the leader rod has a group of pro-jections interacting with the ballast weights when the end of the leader rod strikes an obstacle and thus allowing said weights to roll freely out of said sockets.
7. A device for taking soil samples according to claim 1 wherein said ballast-dropping system comprises hopper-containers articulated at their lower points in the state of labile equilibrium and filled with the ballast weights of a preset mass, and a system of thrust levers connected with an axially movable leader rod at one end while the other ends of the levers normally bear against said hoppers for holding them in the initial position and releasing them at the moment when the leader rod strikes an obstacle.
8. A device according to claim 3 wherein said lock retainer comprises a group of radial spring-loaded pins inter-acting with a cam projection of the leader rod and normally connecting said leader rod with the sliding sleeve which holds the float via the pulley block cable.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SU2148753 | 1975-07-11 | ||
| SU2149502 | 1975-07-16 | ||
| SU7602338101A SU566162A1 (en) | 1976-04-09 | 1976-04-09 | Sample-taking device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1075491A true CA1075491A (en) | 1980-04-15 |
Family
ID=27356287
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA256,548A Expired CA1075491A (en) | 1975-07-11 | 1976-07-08 | Device for taking bottom soil samples from deep water basins |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU502033B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1075491A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE2660394C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2326699A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1545530A (en) |
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| FR2775785B1 (en) * | 1998-03-05 | 2000-04-28 | Cogema | DEVICE FOR EXAMINATION, SAMPLING, OR EXTRACTION AT A SPECIFIC POINT UNDER A SLAB |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3572129A (en) * | 1968-03-08 | 1971-03-23 | Bear Creek Mining Co | Free-fall bottom sampler |
-
1976
- 1976-07-08 CA CA256,548A patent/CA1075491A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-09 GB GB2872376A patent/GB1545530A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-09 FR FR7621133A patent/FR2326699A1/en active Granted
- 1976-07-09 AU AU15779/76A patent/AU502033B2/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-12 DE DE19762660394 patent/DE2660394C2/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-12 DE DE19762631270 patent/DE2631270C3/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105527122A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-27 | 广西大学 | A mud sampler |
| CN105909249A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-08-31 | 夏玉娟 | Seabed plane mineral product excavating device and method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2326699A1 (en) | 1977-04-29 |
| GB1545530A (en) | 1979-05-10 |
| DE2631270A1 (en) | 1977-01-13 |
| FR2326699B1 (en) | 1979-04-06 |
| AU502033B2 (en) | 1979-07-12 |
| DE2631270C3 (en) | 1980-10-23 |
| DE2631270B2 (en) | 1980-02-21 |
| DE2660394C2 (en) | 1982-02-04 |
| AU1577976A (en) | 1978-01-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |