CA1057154A - Detergent compositions - Google Patents
Detergent compositionsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1057154A CA1057154A CA208,683A CA208683A CA1057154A CA 1057154 A CA1057154 A CA 1057154A CA 208683 A CA208683 A CA 208683A CA 1057154 A CA1057154 A CA 1057154A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- aluminium
- unsaturated fatty
- alkali metal
- koh
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
- C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D7/06—Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
- C23G1/16—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions using inhibitors
- C23G1/18—Organic inhibitors
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
- Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This invention relates to a novel and improved composition for cleaning surfaces of aluminium and aluminium alloys. The essence of the present invent-ion is to combine in aqueous solution an alkali metal hydroxide e.g. sodium or potassium hydroxide with a salt of an unsaturated fatty acid. In a preferred embodiment the composition contains a calcium soap dispersant. Such composit-ions are found to have less tendency to attack the surfaces being cleaned.
This invention relates to a novel and improved composition for cleaning surfaces of aluminium and aluminium alloys. The essence of the present invent-ion is to combine in aqueous solution an alkali metal hydroxide e.g. sodium or potassium hydroxide with a salt of an unsaturated fatty acid. In a preferred embodiment the composition contains a calcium soap dispersant. Such composit-ions are found to have less tendency to attack the surfaces being cleaned.
Description
` ~0S7154 The present invention is concerned with detergent compositions especially for hard surfaces made of aluminium and aluminium alloys. It is known that aluminium and most light metal alloys are more or less severely attacked by most moderately strong and all strongly alkaline chemicals except caustic ammonia. The attack by weakly alkaline detergents is, however, slight. In the food industry, especially for the curing of meta products, equipment is used that very often contains plates and other details of aluminium. For such equipment usually detergent compositions containing surface active agentsS inorganic and organic chelators and alkali metal silicates especially sodium or potassium meta silicate are used. At the required high concentrations of meta silicate, precipitates of silicates will form that adhere very strongly to the aluminium surfaces and make them unsightly. At low concentrations or in the total absence of meta silicate the cleaning efficiency will suffer.
According to the present invention there is provided an improved cleaning composition for aluminium and aluminium alloys which comprises in aqueous solution a combination of one or more alkali metal hydroxides, in a concentration of not less than 0.1% by weight, and a salt of an unsaturated fatty acid comprising from 12 to 22 carbon atoms, in a concentration of not 2Q less than 0.02% by weight.
The present invention completely eliminates the inconveniences mentioned above. During our search for suitable inhibitors to decrease the aggressiveness of commonly used alkaline detergent solutions against aluminium we have made the totally unexpected discovery that even com-paratively small amounts of alkali metal salts of unsaturated fatty acids added to solution of sodium and/or potassium hydroxide is sufficient to substantially decrease the aggressiveness of those solutions against aluminium. This fact is even more surprising as the effect of adding salts of saturated fatty acids is negligible. Very satisfactory results in this respect are shown by oleic acid, linoleic acid, tall oil acid, and ricinoleic acid just to mention a few of the commoner unsaturated fatty acids.
As a comparsion may be mentioned that salts of saturated fatty acids such lOS7154 as palmitic acid, ~-sulpho palmitic acid, tallow fatty acid, lauric acid, cocoa fatty acid and eurucic acid do not act as inhibitors. Table 1 shows a typical selection of tested detergent solutions with different ratios of the active components i.e. alkali and inhibitor. From the table one can observe ho~ adverse the influence of additions of sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), nitrilo triacetic acid (NTA), ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) .
la-~057154 and meta silicate (Meta) is. Such substances therefor should be avoided asadditives.
Table 1 % alkali pH % inhibitor Type of inhibitor. Aluminium corrosion Alkali metal of Time 15 min.; temp. 70+5C
_ 0.1 KOH L2.0 _ None Severely attacked 0.25 "l2.3 _ ll _~_ 0.5 " L2.6 _ ~, Very severely attacked 0.5 " ll 0.25Tall oil acid Not attacked 0.5 " ll 0.125_ ll _ _ ~ _ 0.5 " ,l 0.075_ 1~ _ _ 1~
0.5 " ll 0.025_ ~ _ Very slightly attacked 0.5 ~ ,l 0.5Palmitic acid Severely attacked 0.5 " ll 0.25_ ~ _ _ 0.5 " ll 0.1 _ ~ _ _ ~
0.5 " ll 0.5 -sulphopalmitic acid Very severely attacked 0.5 " ll 0.25 Di- - " - Attacked 0.5 " ll 0.1 _ ~ _ 0.5 " ll 0.05 _ l~ _ ll 0.5 " ll 0.5 `-sulfopamitic acid Severely attacked Mono-0.5 " ll 0.25_ ll _ _ ~ _ 0.5 " ll 0.1_ 1~ _ _ 1~ _ 0.5 " ll 0.05_ ~ _ _ ~ _ 0.5 " ll 0.25Tallow fatty acid Very severely attacked 0.5 " ll 0.251,2 Dikarbonic acid _ ll _ 0.5 " ll 0.5Lauric acid Severely attacked 0.5 " . 0.1_ ~l _ Attacked 0.5 " ll 0.05_ ll _ ll 0.5 " ll 0.5Cocoa fatty acid Severely attacked 0.5 " ll 0.25_ 1~ _ _ ~ _ 0.5 " ll 0.1_ 1~ _ _ 1~ _ 0~5 " ll 0.05_ ll _ _ ll _ 0.5 " ll 0.5Burucic acid Very severely attacked 0.5 " ll 0.25_ ll _ _ ll _ 0.5 " ll 0.1_ ll _ _ ~l _ 0.5 " ~, 0.05_ ~ _ _ ~ _ 0.5 " ~ 0.25Oleic acid Not attacked 0.5 " ~ 0.1 _ ~ _ _ ~ _ 0.5 " " 0.05_ ~ _ _ ~ _ 0.5 " " 0.25Linoleic acid _ ~l _ 0.5 " ~ 0.1 _ ~ _ _ ll _ 0.5 " ~ 0.05_ ~ _ _ ~ _ 0.5 " ~ 0.25Ricinoleic acid _ ~ _ 0.5 " ~ 0.1 _ ~ _ _ ~ _ 0.5 " ,l 0.05_ ll _ _ l~ _ 0.5 NaOH ,l 0.05Tall oil acid _ ~ _ 0.5 " ll 0.025_ 1~ _ Very slightly attacked 0.25 NaOH~ ll 0.05_ l~ _ Not attacked 0.25 KOH
0.25 NaOH1 0.25 MEA ~ 12.3 0.05 _ ~ _ _ ~ _ lOS7~L54 Table 1 Con~t.
._ ._ ''' '._ .'''' ...... _ . .
% alkali pH % inhibitor Type of inhibitor. Aluminium corrosion Alkali metal of Time 15 min.; temp. 70+5C
_ _ _ _, _ _ 0.25 NaOH ~
0.25 NH40Hi 2.3 0.05 Tall oil acid Not attacked 0.25 KOH
0.25 NH40H3 ,l 0.05 _ l~ _ _ l, _ 0.25 KOH
0.25 Na2CO3~ 2.4 0.05_ ll _ _ ll _ 0.25 KOH ~
0.25 Meta~ 2.6 0.05 _ ll _ Attacked 0.25 KOH ) 0.25 STPP) 2.2 0.05 _ ll _ Severely attacked 0.25 KOH I
0.25 STPPll 0.25_ ~l _ _ ~l _ 0.25 KOH ~
0.25 STP ll 0.7_ ll _ _ ll _ 0.25 KOH ~
0.25 STPPJ ~ i.4 _ ~, _ _ l, _ 0.25 KOH ~
0.1 STPP~ll 1.4_ ll _ _ ll _ 0.25 KOH~
0.25 NTAJ2.6 0.05_ ll _ ~ ll _ 0.25 KOH~
0.25 NTA ll 0.25_ ll _ _ ll _ 0.25 KOH~
0.25 EDTA1 ll 0 05 - " - _ ll _ 0.25 KOH ~
0.25 EDTA~ ll 0.25 _ ll _ _ ll _ 0.25 KOH ~
0.25 MetaJ ,l 0.7 _ l, _ _ l, _ 1.5 NaOH~
0.14 KOH 3.5 0.075_ ll _ I Not attacked 0.7 KOH 3.0 0.35_ ll _ _ ll _ 1.4 KOH 3.5 0.7_ ll _ _ ll _ _ _ ___ _ .. _ __ _ __ _ _ _ ~
Detergent compositions in accordance with the present invention are especially suitable for surfaces of aluminium and aluminium alloys and are characterized by their content at use of, beside water as a solvent, as com-ponents essentially one or more of the hydroxides of the alkali metals together with added, as inhibitor acting, salts of unsaturated fatty acids.
If the detergent composition is intended for use diluted with hard water it is preferable to add adducts of tallow fatty alcohol with about 11 moles of ethylene oxide per mole alcohol. The ethylene oxide adduct acts even in slight amounts as a calcium soap dispergator~dispersant)and reduces the foaming appreciably.
Detergent compositions according to the invention are advantageously used at temperatures above room temperature for instance at 70C for cleaning grill ovens. Even at boiliag temperature the detergent can be used without dissolution of aluminium and that even at the very high pH of 12-13.
-- 4 _
According to the present invention there is provided an improved cleaning composition for aluminium and aluminium alloys which comprises in aqueous solution a combination of one or more alkali metal hydroxides, in a concentration of not less than 0.1% by weight, and a salt of an unsaturated fatty acid comprising from 12 to 22 carbon atoms, in a concentration of not 2Q less than 0.02% by weight.
The present invention completely eliminates the inconveniences mentioned above. During our search for suitable inhibitors to decrease the aggressiveness of commonly used alkaline detergent solutions against aluminium we have made the totally unexpected discovery that even com-paratively small amounts of alkali metal salts of unsaturated fatty acids added to solution of sodium and/or potassium hydroxide is sufficient to substantially decrease the aggressiveness of those solutions against aluminium. This fact is even more surprising as the effect of adding salts of saturated fatty acids is negligible. Very satisfactory results in this respect are shown by oleic acid, linoleic acid, tall oil acid, and ricinoleic acid just to mention a few of the commoner unsaturated fatty acids.
As a comparsion may be mentioned that salts of saturated fatty acids such lOS7154 as palmitic acid, ~-sulpho palmitic acid, tallow fatty acid, lauric acid, cocoa fatty acid and eurucic acid do not act as inhibitors. Table 1 shows a typical selection of tested detergent solutions with different ratios of the active components i.e. alkali and inhibitor. From the table one can observe ho~ adverse the influence of additions of sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), nitrilo triacetic acid (NTA), ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) .
la-~057154 and meta silicate (Meta) is. Such substances therefor should be avoided asadditives.
Table 1 % alkali pH % inhibitor Type of inhibitor. Aluminium corrosion Alkali metal of Time 15 min.; temp. 70+5C
_ 0.1 KOH L2.0 _ None Severely attacked 0.25 "l2.3 _ ll _~_ 0.5 " L2.6 _ ~, Very severely attacked 0.5 " ll 0.25Tall oil acid Not attacked 0.5 " ll 0.125_ ll _ _ ~ _ 0.5 " ,l 0.075_ 1~ _ _ 1~
0.5 " ll 0.025_ ~ _ Very slightly attacked 0.5 ~ ,l 0.5Palmitic acid Severely attacked 0.5 " ll 0.25_ ~ _ _ 0.5 " ll 0.1 _ ~ _ _ ~
0.5 " ll 0.5 -sulphopalmitic acid Very severely attacked 0.5 " ll 0.25 Di- - " - Attacked 0.5 " ll 0.1 _ ~ _ 0.5 " ll 0.05 _ l~ _ ll 0.5 " ll 0.5 `-sulfopamitic acid Severely attacked Mono-0.5 " ll 0.25_ ll _ _ ~ _ 0.5 " ll 0.1_ 1~ _ _ 1~ _ 0.5 " ll 0.05_ ~ _ _ ~ _ 0.5 " ll 0.25Tallow fatty acid Very severely attacked 0.5 " ll 0.251,2 Dikarbonic acid _ ll _ 0.5 " ll 0.5Lauric acid Severely attacked 0.5 " . 0.1_ ~l _ Attacked 0.5 " ll 0.05_ ll _ ll 0.5 " ll 0.5Cocoa fatty acid Severely attacked 0.5 " ll 0.25_ 1~ _ _ ~ _ 0.5 " ll 0.1_ 1~ _ _ 1~ _ 0~5 " ll 0.05_ ll _ _ ll _ 0.5 " ll 0.5Burucic acid Very severely attacked 0.5 " ll 0.25_ ll _ _ ll _ 0.5 " ll 0.1_ ll _ _ ~l _ 0.5 " ~, 0.05_ ~ _ _ ~ _ 0.5 " ~ 0.25Oleic acid Not attacked 0.5 " ~ 0.1 _ ~ _ _ ~ _ 0.5 " " 0.05_ ~ _ _ ~ _ 0.5 " " 0.25Linoleic acid _ ~l _ 0.5 " ~ 0.1 _ ~ _ _ ll _ 0.5 " ~ 0.05_ ~ _ _ ~ _ 0.5 " ~ 0.25Ricinoleic acid _ ~ _ 0.5 " ~ 0.1 _ ~ _ _ ~ _ 0.5 " ,l 0.05_ ll _ _ l~ _ 0.5 NaOH ,l 0.05Tall oil acid _ ~ _ 0.5 " ll 0.025_ 1~ _ Very slightly attacked 0.25 NaOH~ ll 0.05_ l~ _ Not attacked 0.25 KOH
0.25 NaOH1 0.25 MEA ~ 12.3 0.05 _ ~ _ _ ~ _ lOS7~L54 Table 1 Con~t.
._ ._ ''' '._ .'''' ...... _ . .
% alkali pH % inhibitor Type of inhibitor. Aluminium corrosion Alkali metal of Time 15 min.; temp. 70+5C
_ _ _ _, _ _ 0.25 NaOH ~
0.25 NH40Hi 2.3 0.05 Tall oil acid Not attacked 0.25 KOH
0.25 NH40H3 ,l 0.05 _ l~ _ _ l, _ 0.25 KOH
0.25 Na2CO3~ 2.4 0.05_ ll _ _ ll _ 0.25 KOH ~
0.25 Meta~ 2.6 0.05 _ ll _ Attacked 0.25 KOH ) 0.25 STPP) 2.2 0.05 _ ll _ Severely attacked 0.25 KOH I
0.25 STPPll 0.25_ ~l _ _ ~l _ 0.25 KOH ~
0.25 STP ll 0.7_ ll _ _ ll _ 0.25 KOH ~
0.25 STPPJ ~ i.4 _ ~, _ _ l, _ 0.25 KOH ~
0.1 STPP~ll 1.4_ ll _ _ ll _ 0.25 KOH~
0.25 NTAJ2.6 0.05_ ll _ ~ ll _ 0.25 KOH~
0.25 NTA ll 0.25_ ll _ _ ll _ 0.25 KOH~
0.25 EDTA1 ll 0 05 - " - _ ll _ 0.25 KOH ~
0.25 EDTA~ ll 0.25 _ ll _ _ ll _ 0.25 KOH ~
0.25 MetaJ ,l 0.7 _ l, _ _ l, _ 1.5 NaOH~
0.14 KOH 3.5 0.075_ ll _ I Not attacked 0.7 KOH 3.0 0.35_ ll _ _ ll _ 1.4 KOH 3.5 0.7_ ll _ _ ll _ _ _ ___ _ .. _ __ _ __ _ _ _ ~
Detergent compositions in accordance with the present invention are especially suitable for surfaces of aluminium and aluminium alloys and are characterized by their content at use of, beside water as a solvent, as com-ponents essentially one or more of the hydroxides of the alkali metals together with added, as inhibitor acting, salts of unsaturated fatty acids.
If the detergent composition is intended for use diluted with hard water it is preferable to add adducts of tallow fatty alcohol with about 11 moles of ethylene oxide per mole alcohol. The ethylene oxide adduct acts even in slight amounts as a calcium soap dispergator~dispersant)and reduces the foaming appreciably.
Detergent compositions according to the invention are advantageously used at temperatures above room temperature for instance at 70C for cleaning grill ovens. Even at boiliag temperature the detergent can be used without dissolution of aluminium and that even at the very high pH of 12-13.
-- 4 _
Claims (6)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. An improved cleaning composition for aluminium and aluminium alloys which comprises in aqueous solution a combination of one or more alkali metal hydroxides, in a concentration of not less than 0.1% by weight, and a salt of an unsaturated fatty acid comprising from 12 to 22 carbon atoms, in a concentration of not less than 0.02% by weight.
2. A detergent composition according to claim 1 for aluminium and aluminium alloys which consists essentially of water as solvent, one or more hydroxides of the alkali metals, together with one or more salts of an unsaturated fatty acid acting as inhibitor.
3. A composition according to claim 1 in which the alkali metal hydroxide is potassium or sodium hydroxide.
4. A composition according to claim 1, 2 or 3 which includes a calcium soap dispersant.
5. A detergent composition, according to claim 1 in which the unsaturated fatty acids are selected from oleic acid, linoleic acid, tall oil acid and ricinoleic acid.
6. A detergent composition, according to claim 1, 2 or 3 which also contains an ethylene oxide adduct of tallow fatty alcohol as a calcium soap dispersant.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE7312217A SE413778B (en) | 1973-09-07 | 1973-09-07 | ALUMINUM SURFACE CLEANER |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1057154A true CA1057154A (en) | 1979-06-26 |
Family
ID=20318471
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA208,683A Expired CA1057154A (en) | 1973-09-07 | 1974-09-06 | Detergent compositions |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT333568B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE819646A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1057154A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH595440A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2442754A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK145974C (en) |
| FI (1) | FI58790C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2243256B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1486471A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1020459B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7411798A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO144114C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE413778B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103695944A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-04-02 | 三达奥克化学股份有限公司 | Alkaline stripping agent for deep penetrating oil before spray cleaning of aluminum-rich zinc alloy plate workpiece |
-
1973
- 1973-09-07 SE SE7312217A patent/SE413778B/en unknown
-
1974
- 1974-09-05 FI FI2603/74A patent/FI58790C/en active
- 1974-09-05 IT IT26945/74A patent/IT1020459B/en active
- 1974-09-05 NL NL7411798A patent/NL7411798A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1974-09-06 BE BE148297A patent/BE819646A/en unknown
- 1974-09-06 AT AT720274A patent/AT333568B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-09-06 CH CH1216674A patent/CH595440A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-09-06 NO NO743217A patent/NO144114C/en unknown
- 1974-09-06 DK DK473774A patent/DK145974C/en active
- 1974-09-06 GB GB39056/74A patent/GB1486471A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-09-06 CA CA208,683A patent/CA1057154A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-09-06 FR FR7430280A patent/FR2243256B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-09-06 DE DE2442754A patent/DE2442754A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE819646A (en) | 1974-12-31 |
| CH595440A5 (en) | 1978-02-15 |
| FR2243256A1 (en) | 1975-04-04 |
| NO144114C (en) | 1981-06-24 |
| DK473774A (en) | 1975-05-05 |
| IT1020459B (en) | 1977-12-20 |
| GB1486471A (en) | 1977-09-21 |
| NO743217L (en) | 1975-04-01 |
| SE413778B (en) | 1980-06-23 |
| NL7411798A (en) | 1975-03-11 |
| FR2243256B1 (en) | 1979-01-05 |
| FI260374A (en) | 1975-03-08 |
| NO144114B (en) | 1981-03-16 |
| ATA720274A (en) | 1976-03-15 |
| DE2442754A1 (en) | 1975-03-13 |
| DK145974C (en) | 1983-10-03 |
| FI58790C (en) | 1981-04-10 |
| AT333568B (en) | 1976-11-25 |
| DK145974B (en) | 1983-05-02 |
| SE7312217L (en) | 1975-03-10 |
| FI58790B (en) | 1980-12-31 |
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