CA1055368A - Processing for high permeability silicon steel - Google Patents
Processing for high permeability silicon steelInfo
- Publication number
- CA1055368A CA1055368A CA245,684A CA245684A CA1055368A CA 1055368 A CA1055368 A CA 1055368A CA 245684 A CA245684 A CA 245684A CA 1055368 A CA1055368 A CA 1055368A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- nitrogen
- coating
- parts
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
- C21D8/1283—Application of a separating or insulating coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Steel Electrode Plates (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
Abstract
PROCESSING FOR HIGH PERMEABILITY SILICON STEEL
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A process for producing silicon steel having a cube-on-edge orientation and a permeability of at least 1850 (G/Oe) at 10 oersteds, which includes the steps of: preparing a melt of steel consisting essentially of, by weight, up to 0.07% carbon, from 2.6 to 4.0% silicon, from 0.03 to 0.24%
manganese, from 0.01 to 0.097% of material from the group consisting of sulfur and selenium, from 0.015 to 0.04% aluminum, up to 0.02% nitrogen, up to 0.5% copper, up to 0.0035% boron, balance iron; casting the steel, hot rolling the steel, cold rolling the steel, decarburizing the steel, coating the steel with a base coating containing a nitrogen-bearing compound from the group consisting of (NH4)2SO4, Fe(NO3)3, Al(NO3)3,Mg(NO3)2 and Zn(NO3)2, and final texture annealing the steel.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A process for producing silicon steel having a cube-on-edge orientation and a permeability of at least 1850 (G/Oe) at 10 oersteds, which includes the steps of: preparing a melt of steel consisting essentially of, by weight, up to 0.07% carbon, from 2.6 to 4.0% silicon, from 0.03 to 0.24%
manganese, from 0.01 to 0.097% of material from the group consisting of sulfur and selenium, from 0.015 to 0.04% aluminum, up to 0.02% nitrogen, up to 0.5% copper, up to 0.0035% boron, balance iron; casting the steel, hot rolling the steel, cold rolling the steel, decarburizing the steel, coating the steel with a base coating containing a nitrogen-bearing compound from the group consisting of (NH4)2SO4, Fe(NO3)3, Al(NO3)3,Mg(NO3)2 and Zn(NO3)2, and final texture annealing the steel.
Description
The present in~rention relates to a process util-zic~ a base co2,iag containing a nitrogen-bearing compound, from the aroup consisting of ~NH4)2SO4~ ~e(N3)3- Al(NO3)3~ Mg~NO3)z alld Zn(1~03~2, i~ t~e manufacturs of electromagnetic silicon steel having a cube-on-edge orientatlon and a permeability of at least 1850 (G/Oe) at 10 oersteds.
2û The use of nitrogen in final anneali~g atmospheres has in ma~y instances improved texture development for the new breed of alumillurr,-bearina hiah permeability silicon steels, such as those disclosed in U~ited States Patent No. 3, 85;, 020, which issued on December 17, 1~74. Such ase has not, howP~rer, beea without problems. Ia annealiag coils of the s~eel, 2S difficulty in di fusing nitrogen through the laps of the coils has been encountered.
'' .. . .
~ ' :
~."
., ~:. . : . ~ . . . . . ` .
'.,.:. ~; . '' ' . .' ~ ; ' . . , . ~ . .
:, : .. : ' .. : . - - . : '~ ~
: : .-' . ' ~ 5536~
The present invention provides nitrogen in the annealing enviro~-ment atld simultaneously overcomes the heretofore referred to difficulties encountered with nitrogen-bearing annealing atmospheres. It calls for the use of base coating containing a nitrogen-bearing compound from the group g (N~4)2S4' Fe(N03)3~ Al(NO3)3~ Mg(NO3) and Z;n(NO ) The nitrogen in the coating has been found to serve the same purpose as does the ~itrogen in the annealing atmosphere. In the manufacture of grain oriented silicon steels, base coatings are applied to the steel ~ust prior to final texture annealing.
.
It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide a process utilizing a base coating containing a nitrogen-bearing compound from the 4)2S04. Fe(N03)3, Al(~Jo3)3, Mg(No ) and Z (N
in the manufacture of electromagnetic silicon steel having a cube-on-edge orientation and a permeability of at least 1850 (G/O ) at 10 oersteds.
.
lS In accordance with the present invention, a melt of silicon steel is subjected to the conventional steps of casting, hot rolling, cold rolling at a reduction of at least 80%, decarburizing and final texture annealing; and to the improvement of adding a nitrogen-bearing compound fromthe group con9isting of (~H4)2S04, Fe(N03)3, Al(NO3)3, Mg(NO3)2 and Zn(N03)2 to 20 the base coating. Specific processing is not critical and can be in acco~d-allce with that specified in any number of publications including United .
States Patent Nos. 3, 855, 018, 3,855, 019, 3, 855,020 and 3, 855, 021. The melt consists essentially of, by weight up to û. 07% carbon, from 2~ 6 to 4. 0% silic ~n, from 0. 03 to 0. 24% manganese, from Q~ 01 to 0. 09% of 25 material from the group consisting of `sulfur and selenium, from 0. 015 to :, . .
O. 04% aluminum, up to 0. 02% nitrogen, up to 0. 5% copper, up to 0. 0035~o boron, balance iron.
~ . .
~ -2 -.
. .
, ~)5536~
1 The base coating consists essentially of:
(a) 100 parts, by weight, of at least one substance ~rom the group consisting of boron, boron compounds, sulfur, sulfur compounds, selenium, selenium compounds, and oxides and hydroxides of magnesium, calcium, aluminum, titanium and manganese; and (b) 0.5 to 50 parts, by weigh-t of at least one nitrogen-bearing compound from the group consisting of ~N~4)2SO4, Fe~NO3)3, AltNO3)3, Mg(NO3)2 and Zn(NO3)2 The nitrogen-bearing compounds are preferably present in an amount of from 1.5 to 5 parts, by weight. (NH4)2SO4 is the preferred nitrogen-bearing compound. A base coating containing from 1.5 to 5 parts, by weight of (NH4)2S04 and 100 parts~ by weight, of boron, boron compounds, and oxides and hydroxides of magnesium is presently preferred. Examples of this coating appear hereinbelow. Another desirable coating, is believed to be one containing from 1.5 to 5 parts, by weight of (NH4)2SO4 and 100 parts, by weight, of boron, boron compounds and oxides and hydroxides of magnesium, titanium and manganese. Such a coating could contain 100 parts MgO, 10 parts Tio2, 4 parts MnO2, 1 part H3BO3 and 2 parts (NH4~2SO4.
The following examples are illustrative o F several aspects of the invention.
Two heats of steel were cast and processed into :':1 silicon stee] having a cube-on-edge orientation. The chemistry of the heats appears hereinbelow in Table 1.
i ` 3~ ~ ~
., .
'~
., .. .. , , .. - - , . , . ., . -~0~iS368 : .
'rABLE I
.
Composition~wt. ~o) . . .
Heat C Mn _ Si S Al N _F e A 0. 05 0.11 2. 92 0. 03 0. 023 0. 0055 Bal.
S B 0. 053 0.13 2. 85 0. 031 0. ~23 0. 0055 . Bal.
Processing for the heats invol~ed soakina at an elevated temperature for ~everal hours, hot rolling to a gage of approximatel y 93 mils, T~ormalizing~
cola rolling to a fiTlal gage of approximately 12 mils, decarburizirlg at a temperature of 1475F in a mixture of wet hydrogell and nitrogen, applying 10 one of four base coating ~, and final texture annealing at a maxirnum temperature of 21 50~:F . The four base coatings are as follows:
: I. 100 parts MgO
; II. : 100 parts MgO ~ 2 parts H3BO3 ~ ;
, IIt. 100 parts MgO + 2 parts H3BO3 ~ 4 parts 1~H4)2S04 15IV. 100 parts MgO + 4 parts (NH4)zSO4 ~:
~'i ., .
The heats were tested for permeability and core loss. Results of the tests appear herelnbelow in Table II. Note that the results are arranged so as to reflect the base coating used. :
, , , ': ' TABLE II
: 20 ~ _ Heat A Heat B ~ ;
Permeability Core Loss Permeability Core Loss (WPP at 17KB) (at 10 O ) (WPP at 17KB~ -I. 1863 0. 787 1826 0. 860 ~ -I. 1911 ~ 0. 698 1885 0. 75~ :
III. 1943 0. 657 }879 0. 705 ,~ :
2SIV. ~ 1933 0. 679 1919 0. 680 ~ ' ' :' , ,.
~55368 From t5~e results appearing in Table II, it is clear that the inclusion of ~NH4)2S04 in the base coating improved texture development. Steels coated with coatings IV and III had respectively higher permeabilities and lower core loses than did steels coated with coatings I and II. Coatings IV and IlI
5 contained tNH4)2S04 whereas coatings I and II were devoid thereof.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the novel principles of the invention disclosed herein in connection with specific `
examples thereof will suggest various other modifications and applications of the same. It is accordingl,v desired that in construing the breadth of ' 10 the appended claims they shall not be limited to the specific examples of the invention described herein.
`
'' ., .
: --S--
2û The use of nitrogen in final anneali~g atmospheres has in ma~y instances improved texture development for the new breed of alumillurr,-bearina hiah permeability silicon steels, such as those disclosed in U~ited States Patent No. 3, 85;, 020, which issued on December 17, 1~74. Such ase has not, howP~rer, beea without problems. Ia annealiag coils of the s~eel, 2S difficulty in di fusing nitrogen through the laps of the coils has been encountered.
'' .. . .
~ ' :
~."
., ~:. . : . ~ . . . . . ` .
'.,.:. ~; . '' ' . .' ~ ; ' . . , . ~ . .
:, : .. : ' .. : . - - . : '~ ~
: : .-' . ' ~ 5536~
The present invention provides nitrogen in the annealing enviro~-ment atld simultaneously overcomes the heretofore referred to difficulties encountered with nitrogen-bearing annealing atmospheres. It calls for the use of base coating containing a nitrogen-bearing compound from the group g (N~4)2S4' Fe(N03)3~ Al(NO3)3~ Mg(NO3) and Z;n(NO ) The nitrogen in the coating has been found to serve the same purpose as does the ~itrogen in the annealing atmosphere. In the manufacture of grain oriented silicon steels, base coatings are applied to the steel ~ust prior to final texture annealing.
.
It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide a process utilizing a base coating containing a nitrogen-bearing compound from the 4)2S04. Fe(N03)3, Al(~Jo3)3, Mg(No ) and Z (N
in the manufacture of electromagnetic silicon steel having a cube-on-edge orientation and a permeability of at least 1850 (G/O ) at 10 oersteds.
.
lS In accordance with the present invention, a melt of silicon steel is subjected to the conventional steps of casting, hot rolling, cold rolling at a reduction of at least 80%, decarburizing and final texture annealing; and to the improvement of adding a nitrogen-bearing compound fromthe group con9isting of (~H4)2S04, Fe(N03)3, Al(NO3)3, Mg(NO3)2 and Zn(N03)2 to 20 the base coating. Specific processing is not critical and can be in acco~d-allce with that specified in any number of publications including United .
States Patent Nos. 3, 855, 018, 3,855, 019, 3, 855,020 and 3, 855, 021. The melt consists essentially of, by weight up to û. 07% carbon, from 2~ 6 to 4. 0% silic ~n, from 0. 03 to 0. 24% manganese, from Q~ 01 to 0. 09% of 25 material from the group consisting of `sulfur and selenium, from 0. 015 to :, . .
O. 04% aluminum, up to 0. 02% nitrogen, up to 0. 5% copper, up to 0. 0035~o boron, balance iron.
~ . .
~ -2 -.
. .
, ~)5536~
1 The base coating consists essentially of:
(a) 100 parts, by weight, of at least one substance ~rom the group consisting of boron, boron compounds, sulfur, sulfur compounds, selenium, selenium compounds, and oxides and hydroxides of magnesium, calcium, aluminum, titanium and manganese; and (b) 0.5 to 50 parts, by weigh-t of at least one nitrogen-bearing compound from the group consisting of ~N~4)2SO4, Fe~NO3)3, AltNO3)3, Mg(NO3)2 and Zn(NO3)2 The nitrogen-bearing compounds are preferably present in an amount of from 1.5 to 5 parts, by weight. (NH4)2SO4 is the preferred nitrogen-bearing compound. A base coating containing from 1.5 to 5 parts, by weight of (NH4)2S04 and 100 parts~ by weight, of boron, boron compounds, and oxides and hydroxides of magnesium is presently preferred. Examples of this coating appear hereinbelow. Another desirable coating, is believed to be one containing from 1.5 to 5 parts, by weight of (NH4)2SO4 and 100 parts, by weight, of boron, boron compounds and oxides and hydroxides of magnesium, titanium and manganese. Such a coating could contain 100 parts MgO, 10 parts Tio2, 4 parts MnO2, 1 part H3BO3 and 2 parts (NH4~2SO4.
The following examples are illustrative o F several aspects of the invention.
Two heats of steel were cast and processed into :':1 silicon stee] having a cube-on-edge orientation. The chemistry of the heats appears hereinbelow in Table 1.
i ` 3~ ~ ~
., .
'~
., .. .. , , .. - - , . , . ., . -~0~iS368 : .
'rABLE I
.
Composition~wt. ~o) . . .
Heat C Mn _ Si S Al N _F e A 0. 05 0.11 2. 92 0. 03 0. 023 0. 0055 Bal.
S B 0. 053 0.13 2. 85 0. 031 0. ~23 0. 0055 . Bal.
Processing for the heats invol~ed soakina at an elevated temperature for ~everal hours, hot rolling to a gage of approximatel y 93 mils, T~ormalizing~
cola rolling to a fiTlal gage of approximately 12 mils, decarburizirlg at a temperature of 1475F in a mixture of wet hydrogell and nitrogen, applying 10 one of four base coating ~, and final texture annealing at a maxirnum temperature of 21 50~:F . The four base coatings are as follows:
: I. 100 parts MgO
; II. : 100 parts MgO ~ 2 parts H3BO3 ~ ;
, IIt. 100 parts MgO + 2 parts H3BO3 ~ 4 parts 1~H4)2S04 15IV. 100 parts MgO + 4 parts (NH4)zSO4 ~:
~'i ., .
The heats were tested for permeability and core loss. Results of the tests appear herelnbelow in Table II. Note that the results are arranged so as to reflect the base coating used. :
, , , ': ' TABLE II
: 20 ~ _ Heat A Heat B ~ ;
Permeability Core Loss Permeability Core Loss (WPP at 17KB) (at 10 O ) (WPP at 17KB~ -I. 1863 0. 787 1826 0. 860 ~ -I. 1911 ~ 0. 698 1885 0. 75~ :
III. 1943 0. 657 }879 0. 705 ,~ :
2SIV. ~ 1933 0. 679 1919 0. 680 ~ ' ' :' , ,.
~55368 From t5~e results appearing in Table II, it is clear that the inclusion of ~NH4)2S04 in the base coating improved texture development. Steels coated with coatings IV and III had respectively higher permeabilities and lower core loses than did steels coated with coatings I and II. Coatings IV and IlI
5 contained tNH4)2S04 whereas coatings I and II were devoid thereof.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the novel principles of the invention disclosed herein in connection with specific `
examples thereof will suggest various other modifications and applications of the same. It is accordingl,v desired that in construing the breadth of ' 10 the appended claims they shall not be limited to the specific examples of the invention described herein.
`
'' ., .
: --S--
Claims (9)
1. In a process for producing electromagnetic silicon steel having a cube-on-edge orientation and a permeability of at least 1850 (G/O) at 10 oersteds, which process includes the steps of:
preparing a melt of silicon steel consisting essen-tially of, by weight, up to 0.07% carbon, from 2.6 to 4.0%
silicon, from 0.03 to 0.24% manganese, from 0.01 to 0.09% of material from the group consisting of sulfur and selenium, from 0.015 to 0.04% aluminum, up to 0.02% nitrogen, up to 0.5% copper, up to 0.0035% boron, balance iron;
casting said steel;
hot rolling said steel into a hot rolled band;
cold rolling said steel at a reduction of at least 80%;
decarburizing said steel; and final texture annealing said steel;
the improvement comprising the steps of coating the surface of said steel with a base coating consisting essentially of:
(a) 100 parts, by weight, of at least one substance from the group consisting of boron, boron compounds, sulfur, sulfur compounds, selenium, selenium compounds, and oxides and hydroxides of magnesium, calcium, aluminum, titanium and manganese; and (b) 0.5 to 50 parts, by weight, of at least one nitrogen-bearing compound from the group consisting of (NH4)2SO4, Fe(NO3)3, AL(NO3)3, Mg(NO3)2 and Zn(NO3)2;
and final texture annealing said steel;
said steel's texture and magnetic properties being, in part, attributable to said nitrogen-bearing compound.
preparing a melt of silicon steel consisting essen-tially of, by weight, up to 0.07% carbon, from 2.6 to 4.0%
silicon, from 0.03 to 0.24% manganese, from 0.01 to 0.09% of material from the group consisting of sulfur and selenium, from 0.015 to 0.04% aluminum, up to 0.02% nitrogen, up to 0.5% copper, up to 0.0035% boron, balance iron;
casting said steel;
hot rolling said steel into a hot rolled band;
cold rolling said steel at a reduction of at least 80%;
decarburizing said steel; and final texture annealing said steel;
the improvement comprising the steps of coating the surface of said steel with a base coating consisting essentially of:
(a) 100 parts, by weight, of at least one substance from the group consisting of boron, boron compounds, sulfur, sulfur compounds, selenium, selenium compounds, and oxides and hydroxides of magnesium, calcium, aluminum, titanium and manganese; and (b) 0.5 to 50 parts, by weight, of at least one nitrogen-bearing compound from the group consisting of (NH4)2SO4, Fe(NO3)3, AL(NO3)3, Mg(NO3)2 and Zn(NO3)2;
and final texture annealing said steel;
said steel's texture and magnetic properties being, in part, attributable to said nitrogen-bearing compound.
2. A process according to claim 1, wherein said coating has from 1.5 to 5 parts, by weight, of at least one nitrogen-bearing compound.
3. A process according to claim 1, wherein said coating contains (NH4)2SO4.
4. A process according to claim 1, wherein said coating consists essentially of: 100 parts, by weight, of boron, boron compounds, and oxides and hydroxides of magnesium, titanium and manganese.
5. A process according to claim 4, wherein said coating has from 1.5 to 5 parts, by weight, of at least one nitrogen-bearing compound.
6. A process according to claim 4, wherein said coating contains (NH4)2SO4.
7. A process according to claim 1, wherein said coating consists essentially of: 100 parts, by weight, of boron, boron compounds, and oxides and hydroxides of magnesium.
8. A process according to claim 7, wherein said coating has from 1.5 to 5 parts, by weight, of at least one nitrogen-bearing compound.
9. A process according to claim 7, wherein said coating contains (NH4)2S04.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US54956575A | 1975-02-13 | 1975-02-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1055368A true CA1055368A (en) | 1979-05-29 |
Family
ID=24193515
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA245,684A Expired CA1055368A (en) | 1975-02-13 | 1976-02-13 | Processing for high permeability silicon steel |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS51106622A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR208355A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT363971B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE838299A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7600913A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1055368A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2604708A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES444965A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2300821A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1514031A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1053850B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7600971A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE412416B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE7703456L (en) * | 1976-04-15 | 1977-10-16 | Gen Electric | THILE PLATE OF IRON IRON WITH ADDITIONAL ADDITION AND PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURE THEREOF |
| US4160681A (en) * | 1977-12-27 | 1979-07-10 | Allegheny Ludlum Industries, Inc. | Silicon steel and processing therefore |
| JPS6196080A (en) * | 1986-04-03 | 1986-05-14 | Nippon Steel Corp | Separating agent for annealing for grain-oriented electrical steel sheet |
| FR2731713B1 (en) * | 1995-03-14 | 1997-04-11 | Ugine Sa | PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A SHEET OF ELECTRIC STEEL WITH ORIENTED GRAINS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MAGNETIC TRANSFORMER CIRCUITS IN PARTICULAR |
| CN102443736B (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2013-09-04 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for producing high magnetic flux-density oriented silicon steel product |
| KR102105529B1 (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2020-04-28 | 주식회사 포스코 | Double oriented electrical steel sheet method for manufacturing the same |
-
1976
- 1976-01-01 AR AR262276A patent/AR208355A1/en active
- 1976-01-30 NL NL7600971A patent/NL7600971A/en unknown
- 1976-02-04 FR FR7603104A patent/FR2300821A1/en active Granted
- 1976-02-05 BE BE164118A patent/BE838299A/en unknown
- 1976-02-06 DE DE19762604708 patent/DE2604708A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1976-02-06 ES ES444965A patent/ES444965A1/en not_active Expired
- 1976-02-10 SE SE7601462A patent/SE412416B/en unknown
- 1976-02-10 GB GB5108/76A patent/GB1514031A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-02-10 AT AT0089476A patent/AT363971B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-02-12 JP JP51014383A patent/JPS51106622A/ja active Pending
- 1976-02-12 IT IT48074/76A patent/IT1053850B/en active
- 1976-02-13 CA CA245,684A patent/CA1055368A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-02-13 BR BR7600913A patent/BR7600913A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATA89476A (en) | 1981-02-15 |
| NL7600971A (en) | 1976-08-17 |
| BR7600913A (en) | 1976-09-14 |
| ES444965A1 (en) | 1977-04-16 |
| BE838299A (en) | 1976-08-05 |
| JPS51106622A (en) | 1976-09-21 |
| DE2604708A1 (en) | 1976-08-19 |
| FR2300821B1 (en) | 1980-02-22 |
| SE7601462L (en) | 1976-08-14 |
| FR2300821A1 (en) | 1976-09-10 |
| GB1514031A (en) | 1978-06-14 |
| AR208355A1 (en) | 1976-12-20 |
| AU1066876A (en) | 1977-08-04 |
| SE412416B (en) | 1980-03-03 |
| IT1053850B (en) | 1981-10-10 |
| AT363971B (en) | 1981-09-10 |
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