CA1053128A - Debris separating chipper - Google Patents

Debris separating chipper

Info

Publication number
CA1053128A
CA1053128A CA 312725 CA312725A CA1053128A CA 1053128 A CA1053128 A CA 1053128A CA 312725 CA312725 CA 312725 CA 312725 A CA312725 A CA 312725A CA 1053128 A CA1053128 A CA 1053128A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
chipper
disc
front chamber
chamber
wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CA 312725
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA1053128B (en
Inventor
Joseph A. Lapointe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Domtar Inc
Original Assignee
Domtar Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Publication of CA1053128B publication Critical patent/CA1053128B/en
Priority claimed from CA250,407A external-priority patent/CA1029284A/en
Priority to DE19772714698 priority Critical patent/DE2714698A1/en
Priority claimed from AU24915/77A external-priority patent/AU503874B2/en
Priority to AU24915/77A priority patent/AU503874B2/en
Priority to US05/855,073 priority patent/US4159083A/en
Priority to CA295,664A priority patent/CA1077811A/en
Priority to CA 312725 priority patent/CA1053128A/en
Application filed by Domtar Inc filed Critical Domtar Inc
Publication of CA1053128A publication Critical patent/CA1053128A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Priority to CA343,675A priority patent/CA1123715A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27LREMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/02Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood shavings or the like
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G23/00Forestry
    • A01G23/02Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
    • A01G23/08Felling trees
    • A01G23/093Combinations of shearing, sawing or milling apparatus specially adapted for felling trees
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G3/00Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees
    • A01G3/002Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees for comminuting plant waste
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/143Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with a disc rotor having generally radially extending slots or openings bordered with cutting knives

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A whole tree chipper for chipping wood and separating debris from cut chips is provided by means of a housing having a chipper disc mounted for rotation and wherein, an enclosed front chamber is provided in the housing with cutting face of the disc forming one wall of the front chamber, at least one knife is provided on the disc and a slot extends through the cutting face of the disc to direct chips cut by the knife into a chip space separated from the front chamber, a first tangential outlet extends through the circumferencial wall of the housing from the front chamber, paddles are provided on the disc in the front chamber for ejecting debris from the front chamber out through the tangential outlet and a second tangential outlet from the chipper communicates with the chip space for ejection of chips from the chipper.

Description

~ ~3~Z~3 FIELD OF THE INVENT:I:ON
The present invention relates to a chipper.
More specifically the present invention relates to a chipper for processing whole trees and separating debris from the chips.
~CKCROURD 01 ~IE IN.ENT~ON
Chips from whol~ trees or similar material provide an inexpensive source of wood and many pulp mills are now using varying percentages of these chips together with the regular chips. However~ chips from whole trees generally contain a significant amount of long twigs or branch stems that cause costly handling problems, for example, hang-ups i~ chip bins and metering ~alves etc. and use of these chips ~s restricted. The industry in the near future may be foxced by government regulations to further utilization o:the cut tree and whole tree chipping may be more wide-spread.
Conventional disc chippers including those used to chip whole trees include a housing with a disc rotably ~ounted therein and provided with slots there through and knives. The cut chips pass through the slots into a chamber and are pumped out of the chamber by suitable vanes pro~
jecting from the rear face of the disc. Twigs or branch stems are not ~asily cut by the knives and simply stay on the front face of the disc or sometim~s progress to the back face of the disc either by passing through the chip slot or "
., :. " .
around the periphery of the disc and are thrown out the chL-per spout mixed with the cut chips. No simple and efficient way of separating these twigs and branch stems, etc. (debris) has been devised to date.
' .

,. , . . . - . - . ~ , - .

~ ~) A5; 3 ~L ;;2~S

I~ has been propo~ed ~o divide the chipper housing into two compartments one o which is an involute and forms a fan to provide more air for conveying the chips as taught, for example, in Canadian Patent 754,372 issued March 14, 1967 to Eklund, however, this device does not separate debris from chips.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
It is the object of the present invention to pro-vide a chipper wherein chips and debris may b~ separa~ed.
~roadly the present inv~ntion relates to a chipper comprising: a housing, a chipper disc mounted for rotation i.n said housing, a radial cutting face on said chipper disc, at least one knife on said cutting face, an enclosed front chamber in said housing, said cutting face forming ona wall ~ -of said chamber, a slot through said face adjacent to each said knife for permitting chips cut by its adjacent knife to pass through said space into a chip space sepaxated from said front chamber, means for feeding wood to said cutting face whereby wood may be chipped by said knife, paddle means on ::
said chipper disc in said front chamber, a tangential debris outlet leading from said fro~t chamber, said paddle means .~-positively ejecting debris through said debris outlet and a separate chipper outlet communicating with said chip space for ejection of chips from said chipper.

Further features, objects and advantages will be evident from the following detailed description from the pre-ferred embodiments of the present invention taken in con-junction with the accompanying drawings in which: :~
Figure 1 is a schematic section along the lines 1-1 of Figure 2.
Figure 2 is a schematic section along the lines ~.
2-2 of Figure 1. :~
~ .

: . . ~: . . .. :
- .. . . ~ .

~5;~
Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 but illus-trating a modifi~ation o the present invention.
Figure 4 is a schematic front view with parts omitted for clarity o the Figure 3 modi~ication of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a section along the line 5-5 of ~
Figure 4. ~ .
DESCRIPTION OF TEE: PREF RRED EMBODIMENT
As seen in Figures 1 and 2 the chipper 10 is formed by a housing 12 having a front wall 14, a rear wall . :~
16 and a circumferential wall 18 enclosing a chipper disc 20 which is mounted to rotate with a driven sha~t 22. The disc 20 is provided with slots 23 immediately followed by cutting knive~ schematically illustrated at 24 on the front cutting face 25 of the disc 20. Paddles 26 are mounted on ~ i rear face 28 adjacent the periphery of disc 20. A suitabl~ ~ ;
wood feed inlet into the housing 12 is indicated at 30.
The chipper is divided by the disc 20 and in the illustrated arrangement by an annu~ar partition 32 into a rear chamber 34 which receives the chips that pa~s through slots 23 preceding each of the knives 24 and a front chamber 36 which receives the small parts of the tree that are not ` . :
chipped.. and can fit between the disc 20 and the front wall '~
14, i.e. leave~, twigs, branches, etc. (debris) which are ` ~.
not cut and forced to pass through the slots 23 to the rear chamber 34. Separate outlets 38 and 40 are provided from the reqpective chambers 34 and 36.
Suitable paddles schematically illustrated at 42 -~
are preferably provided on the front ~ace of the disc 20 adjacent the periphery thereQf to ensure that the front ,. ,~ ~.
- 4 ~ :~

~ J2 chamber 36 remains clear.
The embodiment of Figures 1 and 2 opera~es as follows:
Wood to be chipped is fed via the inlet or f~ed chute 30 against the front face of the disc 20 and is cut by the knives 24. The chips so produced pass through slots 23 into the rear chamber 34 and are swept there~rom via the paddles 26. Twigs, leaves, etc. (debris) that do not pass through the disc 20 are pushed i.nto the ront cha~ber 36 and are swept out of the chamber 36 via the paddles or the like ~2 and through debris outlet 40.
It will be noted that in Figure 1 separate outlets 38 and 40 for the chips and twigs etc. (debris) respectively are shown exiting along the same tangential path but as in-dicated by the dotted lines at 44 in Figure 1 outlet 40 may be in any circumferential pnsition relative to the outlet 38.
The embodiments illustrated in Figures 3 to 5 differ from those illustrated in Figur~s 1 and 2 in several :
ways and some of the modifications shown in Figure 3 ma~
equally well be applied to the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2.
For example, the partition 32 of Figures 1 and 2 is formed by an annular flange projecting inwardly from the periphery 18 of the chamber or housing 12 whereas in Figure 3 this flange 32 has been replaced by a circular flange 46 pro- ;
jecting in from the front wall 14 of the housing. Alter- ~-natively the ~langes 32 ~nd 46 may be eliminatad and the chipper hou~ing be divided by the disc per se, i.e. the clearance between the periphery of the disc 20 and, the ~ ~.
periphery 18 of the housing 12 would be sufficiently sm~
for the disc 20 a1one to effectively divide the housing i~to the ront chamber 36 of the rear chamber 34.
: .- , . . : : :
.

1(15 3~
A fuxther modificatlon is shown in Figuxes 3 to s inclusive in that instead of the debris outlet 40 extend-ing tangentially from the housing 12 through the .-circumferential wall 18 the debrls outlet 50 has been provided by a hole 52 through the front wall 14. It will be noted from Figure 5 that the annular flange or ring 46 is omitted in the area of the outlet 50 and that a separate baffle 54 is provided to di~ect the debris at an angle outward from the front chamber 36.
The embodiment of Figures 3 to 5 inclusive operates :~
on the same way as ~he embodiment of Figures 1 and 2 in that ~;
wood is fed into ~he front of the chipper via inlet 30, is chipped by the knives 24 with the chips passing through the ~:
disc 20 into the rear chamber 34 and the debri~ remaining ~ :
in the front chamber 36 and being carried out through the outlet 50 by being deflected via the baffle 54. The chips ~: .
leave the rear chamber 34 in the con~entional manner through .~ ;
outlet 38. ,~
:, -. , .~, .
The disclosure has dealt prim~rily with chippers having ~angen~ial chip outlets, however, the i~ention may equally be applied to disc chlppers with bottom chip outlets .~ ~ -provided these chippers are formed with rear and front cham-bers and with separate outlets from these chambers for the chips and debrIs. Similarly the invention may be applied :.
to chippers other than whole tree chipper~, for example, the present invention may be used in saw mill chippers for separ ting chips from slivers or disc flakers for separat~
ing wafers or the like.
The disclosure has only illu~trated flat disc type chippers, but the.in~ention may also be applied to conical disc type chippers or for that matter to any chipper wherein i~S3~LZ8 the chips as they are cut p~ss through th~ rotor e.g. a double conical disc for example those sold under the trademark Nicholson ~ Drum Chipper by Nicholson Manu-facturing Co., a: drum, or the like and wherein the rotor is mounted with a housing and a separate outlet for debris is provided in the housing. In a conical disc or drum :~
type chipper the rotor is hollow and ~he chips pass through the ro~or and are withdrawn axially~ while the ~ebris, when the present invention is incorporated, may exit sub-stantially tangentially from the housing.
Modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

' ~.'," ' '`~'.'''' ' '`

. .
-

Claims (6)

1. A whole tree chipper for chipping wood and separating debris from cut chips comprising: a housing having a front wall, a rear wall and a circumferential wall extending between the front and rear walls, a chipper disc mounted for rotation in said housing, said disc having a radial cutting face, an enclosed front chamber in said housing, a said front chamber being defined by said cutting face, said front wall and portion of said circumferential wall generally extending between the front wall and the disc, at least one knife on said cutting face, a slot through said cutting face adjacent said knife for directing chips cut by said knife through said cutting face to a space behind the front chamber which is separated from said front chamber, a feed inlet through said front wall and said front chamber to direct wood substantially along its longitudinal direction against said cutting face, a first tangential chipper outlet through said circumferential wall from said front chamber, paddle means on said disc adjacent said circumferential wall in said front chamber, said paddle means ejecting debris from said front chamber through said first tangential outlet there-by to convey said debris away from said chipper, a second tangential chipper outlet cxtending from said space through said circumferential wall, means on said disc for ejecting chips from said space through said second tangential outlet away from said chipper.
2. A chipper as defined in claim 1 wherein said slot provides substantially the sole communication for said chips between said front chamber and said space.
3. A chipper as defined in claim 2 wherein said space comprises a chip chamber.
4. A whole tree chipper for separating debris from chips comprising: a housing having a front wall, a back wall and a peripheral wall, a chipper disc mounted for rotation in said housing and dividing said housing into an enclosed front chamber and an enclosed chip chamber, said disc having a substantially radial cutting face fac-ing said front chamber and forming one wall of said front chamber, the other walls of said front chamber being formed by said front wall and a portion of said peripheral wall of said housing, generally extending between said front wall and said disc, an inlet through said front wall through which wood may be fed against said cutting face by advancing said wood substantially on its longitudinal direction, at least one knife on said cutting face and a slot through said disc adjacent said knife for directing chips cut by said knife through said disc into said chip chamber, a tangential debris outlet from said front chamber through said peripheral wall for removal of debris from said front chamber, paddle means on said disc adjacent said peripheral wall in said front chamber, said paddle means ejecting debris from said front chamber through said tangential debris outlet thereby to convey said debris away from said chipper, and a tangential chip outlet from said chip chamber extending through said peripheral wall, means on said disc for ejecting chips from said chip chamber through said tangential chip outlet away from said chipper, said slots providing sub-stantially the sole communication for said chips between said front and said chip chambers.
5. A chipper as defined in claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein an annular flange projects from the periphery of said housing towards the periphery of said disc to form a partition in the said housing between said front chamber and chip space.
6. A chipper as defined in claim 4 wherein an annular flange projects from the periphery of said housing towards the periphery of said disc to form a partition in the said housing separating said front chamber from said chip chamber.
CA 312725 1976-04-15 1978-10-05 Debris separating chipper Expired CA1053128A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19772714698 DE2714698A1 (en) 1976-04-15 1977-04-01 Tree chopper with slotted cutter disc - has blades on housing and shovel blades at back
AU24915/77A AU503874B2 (en) 1977-05-05 1977-05-05 Debris separating chipper
US05/855,073 US4159083A (en) 1976-04-15 1977-11-25 Debris separating chipper
CA295,664A CA1077811A (en) 1976-04-15 1978-01-25 Debris separating chipper
CA 312725 CA1053128A (en) 1976-04-15 1978-10-05 Debris separating chipper
CA343,675A CA1123715A (en) 1976-04-15 1980-01-15 Chipper

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US67731776A 1976-04-15 1976-04-15
CA250,407A CA1029284A (en) 1976-04-15 1976-04-15 Debris separating chipper
AU24915/77A AU503874B2 (en) 1977-05-05 1977-05-05 Debris separating chipper
CA295,664A CA1077811A (en) 1976-04-15 1978-01-25 Debris separating chipper
CA 312725 CA1053128A (en) 1976-04-15 1978-10-05 Debris separating chipper

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1053128B CA1053128B (en)
CA1053128A true CA1053128A (en) 1979-04-24

Family

ID=27506704

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA295,664A Expired CA1077811A (en) 1976-04-15 1978-01-25 Debris separating chipper
CA 312725 Expired CA1053128A (en) 1976-04-15 1978-10-05 Debris separating chipper

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA295,664A Expired CA1077811A (en) 1976-04-15 1978-01-25 Debris separating chipper

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CA (2) CA1077811A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT406655B (en) * 1998-03-03 2000-07-25 Andritz Patentverwaltung CHIP OPENING OF A DISC CHOPPER

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3210840A1 (en) * 1982-03-24 1983-10-06 Poettinger Ohg Alois DEVICE FOR CRUSHING SMALL WOOD

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT406655B (en) * 1998-03-03 2000-07-25 Andritz Patentverwaltung CHIP OPENING OF A DISC CHOPPER

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1077811A (en) 1980-05-20
CA1053128B (en)

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