CA1077811A - Debris separating chipper - Google Patents
Debris separating chipperInfo
- Publication number
- CA1077811A CA1077811A CA295,664A CA295664A CA1077811A CA 1077811 A CA1077811 A CA 1077811A CA 295664 A CA295664 A CA 295664A CA 1077811 A CA1077811 A CA 1077811A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- twigs
- debris
- branches
- chipper
- chips
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
- B27L11/02—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood shavings or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/08—Felling trees
- A01G23/093—Combinations of shearing, sawing or milling apparatus specially adapted for felling trees
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G3/00—Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees
- A01G3/002—Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees for comminuting plant waste
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
- B02C18/143—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with a disc rotor having generally radially extending slots or openings bordered with cutting knives
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
Abstract
DEBRIS SEPARATING CHIPPER
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A method for producing chips from whole trees while simultaneously separating debris, including twigs and branches therefrom longitudinally advancing a whole tree section with integral branches and twigs through an infeed spout into a chipper, having a cutting face sepa-rating a debris chamber from a chip space located behind the cutting face. The clearance between the cutting face and the infeed spout provides a passage into the front chamber. The major part of the tree sections is cut into chips while at least some of the branches and twigs are simultaneously severed therefrom and remain unchipped. The chips pass into the chip space while the unchipped branches and twigs are moved into a position to pass through and are passsed through the passage into the front chamber. These branches and twigs are ejected from the chipper through an outlet separate from the outlet for chips.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A method for producing chips from whole trees while simultaneously separating debris, including twigs and branches therefrom longitudinally advancing a whole tree section with integral branches and twigs through an infeed spout into a chipper, having a cutting face sepa-rating a debris chamber from a chip space located behind the cutting face. The clearance between the cutting face and the infeed spout provides a passage into the front chamber. The major part of the tree sections is cut into chips while at least some of the branches and twigs are simultaneously severed therefrom and remain unchipped. The chips pass into the chip space while the unchipped branches and twigs are moved into a position to pass through and are passsed through the passage into the front chamber. These branches and twigs are ejected from the chipper through an outlet separate from the outlet for chips.
Description
778~L~
FIELD OF TE~E INVENTION
The present invention relates to a chipper. More specifically the present invention relates to a chipper for processing whole trees and simultaneously separating debris from the chips.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Chips from whole trees or similar material provides an inexpensive source of wood and many pulp mills are now using varying proportions of these chips together with the regular chips, However, chips from whole trees generally contain a significant amount of long twigs or branch stems that cause costly handling problems, for example, hang-ups in chip bins and metering valves etc. and use of these chips is restricted. The industry in the near future may be forced by government regulations to further utilization ~ of the cut tree and whole tree chipping may be more - widespread.
Convential disc chippers including those used to chip whole trees include a housing with a disc rotably mounted therein and provided with slots therethrough and knives.
The cut chips pass through the slots into a chamber and are ejected from the chamber by suitable vanes projecting from the rear face of the disc. Twigs or branch stems are not easily cut by the knives and simply stay on the front face ` of the disc or sometimes progress to the back face of the disc either by passing through the chip slot or around the periphery of the disc and are thrown out the chipper spout mixed with the cut chipso No simple and efficient way of separating these twigs and branch stems and generally debris associated with chipping whole tree~ has been devised to " . . : .
:1~77~
date.
It has been proposed to divide the chipper housing into two compartments one of which is an involute and forms a fan to provide more air for conveying the chips as taught, for example, in Canadian patent 754,372 issued March 14, 19~7 to Eklund, however, this device does not separate debris from chips.
It has also been proposed to separate dirt and loose bark in a drum chipper designed to chip short length large diameter logs. In this chipper the short log lengths are fed radially (the longitudinal axis of the log and drum are aligned) and the knives cut substantially parallel to the grain to form chips which pass into the drum. This device is unsuitable for whole tree chipping.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for pro-ducing from whole trees while simultaneously separating debris including twigs and branches therefrom, comprising;
longitudinally feeding whole tree sections with integral branches and twigs through an infeed spout into a disc type chipper having a substantially radial cutting face separating a debris chamber from a chip space located behind said cutting face, the clearance between said cutting face and said infeed spout providing a passage into said front chamber;
cutting the major part of said tree sections into chips while severing branches and twigs therefrom by the action of knives on said cutting face cooperating with an anvil at the end of said infeed spout adjacent said face, at least some of said branches and twigs remaining unchipped;
passing said chips into said chip space;
maintaining a clearance between cutting edges on said knives and said anvil of at least 0.1 inches;
!`~ ' \
`` ~0778~
moving at least some of said unchipped branches and twigs into a position to pass through said passage into said front chamber;
passing said unchipped branches and twigs together with other of said debris into said front chamber;
centrifugally moving said debris radially outward along said cutting face;
positively ejecting said debris out of said debris ehamber through a first tangential chipper outlet leading from said debris chamber; and positively ejecting said chips from said chip space through a second tangential chipper outlet, said second tangential chipper outlet communicating with said chip spaee, whereby said ehips and said debris are separated in said chipper and are separately positively ejected from said chipper.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Further features, objects and advantages will be - 3a -(~ ' .
., 7 7 ~11 evident from the following detailed description from the preferred embodiments of the present invention taken in con-junction with the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure l is a schematic section along the lines l-l of Figure 2.
Figure 2 is a schematic section along the lines 2-2 of Figure l.
Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 but illus-trating a modification of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a schematic front view with parts omitted for clarity of the figure 3 modification of the present inven-tion.
Figure 5 is a section along the line 5-5 of Figure 4.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
As saen in Figures l and 2 the chipper 10 is formed by a housing 12 having a front wall 14, a rear wall 16 and a circumferential wall 18 enclosing a chipper disc r70 which is mounted to rotate with a driven shaft 22. The disc 20 is provided with slots 23 immediately followed by cutting knives schematically illustrated at 24 on the substantially radial front cutting face 25 of the disc 20~ Paddles 26 are mounted on rear face 28 adjacent the periphery of disc 20.
A suitable wood feed inlet into the housing 12 is indicated at 3Q. The wood is advanced substantially axially (along its longitudinal axis) into the chipper.
The chipper is divided by the disc 20 and in the illustrated arrangement by a annular partition 32, into a rear chamber 34 which receives the chips that pass through slots 23 preceding each of the knives 24 and a front chamber 36 which receives the small parts of the tree that are not chipped and can fit between the disc 20 and the adjacent end of the infeed spout 30, i.e. leaves, twigs, branches, etc. (debris) ~ ~7 ~
which are not cut and forced to pass through the slots 23 to the rear chamber 34. Separate outlets 38 and 40 are provided from the respective chambers 34 and 36.
Suitable paddles schematically illustrated at 42 are preferably provided on the front face of the disc 20 adjacent the periphery thereof to ensure that the front chamber 36 remains clear.
The embodiment of Figures 1 and 2 operates as follows:
Whole trees including the bole and top section with branches thereon to be chipped are fed substantially axially via the inlet or feed ~pout 30 against the front face of the disc 20 and are cut by the knives 24. The chips so pro-duced pass through slots 23 into the rear chamber 34 and are swept therefrom via the paddles 26O Twigs~ leaves, etc~
(debris) ~hat do not pass through the disc 20 are pushed or pulled into the front chamber 36 as or after they are se-vered from the tree by the knife 24. This debris which enters the front chamber 36 is moved along the face 25 of the disc 20 by centrifugal force and is swept out of the chamber 36 via the paddles or the like 42 through debris outlet 40.
It will be noted that in Figure 1 separate outlets 38 and 40 for the chips and twigs etc. (debris) respectively are shown exiting along the same tangential path but as indi-cated by the dotted lines at 44 in Figure 1 ou~let 40 may be in any circumferential position relative to the outlet 38.
The embodiments illustrated in Figures 3 to 5 di~fer - from those illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 in several ways an~
: some of the modifications shown in Figure 3 may equally well be applied to the Figure 1 and 2. For example, the partition 32 of the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2 is formed by an annu-lar flange projecting inwardly from the periphery 18 of the chamber or housing 12 whereas in Figure 3 this flange 32 has 7781~L
been replaced by a circular flange 46 projecting in from the - front wall 14 of the housing. Alternatively the flanges 32 and 46 may be eliminated and the chipper housing be divided by the disc per se, i.e. the clearance between the periphery of ~he disc 20 and, the periphery 18 of the housing 12 would be sufficiently small for the disc 20 alone to effectively divide the housing into the front chamber 36 of the rear chamber 34. A proven way to construct the partition is to form a labyrinth type seal for example by forming a grove in the periphery o the disc and extend the annular partition 32 into the grove.
A further modification is shown in Figures 3 to 5 inclusive in that instead of the debris outlet 40 extending tangentially from the housing 12 through the circumferential wall 18 the debris outlet 50 has been provided by a hole 52 through the front wall 14. It will be noted from Figure 5 tbat the annular flange or ring 46 is omitted in the area of the outlet 50 and that a separate baffle 54 is provided to direct to the debris at an angle outward from the front chamber 36.
The embodiment of Figures 3 to 5 inclusive operates in the same way as the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2 in that .
wood is fed into the front of the chipper via inlet 30, is chipped by the knives 24 with the chips passing through the disc ~0 into the rear chamber 34 and the debris being drawn into the front chamber 36 and being carried out through the outlet 50 by being deflected via the baffle 54. The chips leave the rear chamber 34 in the conventional manner through outlet 38.
The disclosure has dealt primarily with chippers having tangential chip outlets from the housing however, t~e invention may equally be applied to disc chippers ~ith - .
- .
~ 7781~
bottom chip outlets provided these chippers are formed with rear and front chambers and with separate outle~s from these chambers for the chips and debris.
As is known, the wood material in the branches and, twigs has markedly inferior quality for pulping than the bole section. Also the quantity of bark and leaves or ratio of bark and leaves to wood in small branches or twigs is very high compared with the remainder of the tree and fur~
ther the majority of grit and dirt gathered during the tree harvesting operations adheres to the branches. It is there-', fore desirable for pulping operations to minimize the ' number of branches or twigs that are cut into chips and to maximize the amount of such material (branches and twigs) that leave the chipper via the debris outlet. To this end, ' it has been found that by increasing the anvil clearance (clearance between the anvil and the knife) significantly the number of twigs and branches drawn into the front chamber is significantly increased. For example conven-tionally an anvil clearance of about 0.015 to about 0.04 inches is used, however to increase the number of twigs `' and branches in the debris this clearance may desirably be increased to about 0.1 inches but in some case may be in-, creased even more up to about 0.3 inches.
; Increasing the anvil clearance as above described facilitates passage of the branches, after or as they are cut from the tree, into the front chamber and thus reduces the ' number o~ branches which are cut into chips. Twigs or ' branches once they are severed from the tree but without being chopped, pass into the front chamber through a passage defined by the clearance between the cutting face and the adjacent end of the infeed spout i~e. not all of these un-chipped branches and twigs need pass through the anvil clear~
.
~ 1177~
ance which defines only one side of the passage from the in-feed spout to the front chamber. Some may pass through the clearance between the bottom edge of the infeed spout and the cutting face since such clearance may be substantially greater than the anvil clearance. Whatever way the twigs and branches enter the front chamber, if they are of a longi-tudinal dimension greater than any of these clearances they must be moved or positioned substantially parallel to the cutting face of the disc. This operation may be obtained by 10 the pulling action of the knives as they penetrate only partly through the branch as determined by the clearance bet-ween the kni~e and the anvil. In any event, it is apparent that they must deviate from the direction in which they are advanced into the chipper and at least partly align or orient themselves with the face o~ the chipper disc to per-mit them to pass from the infeed spout into the front chamber.
The distance between the front cutting face 25 of the disc and the inner face of the front wall of the housing should be at least 1 inch to provide an adequate size front chamber for reasonable operation. Generally this dimension will not be greater than about 3 inches since incrPasing the dimension beyond 3 inches does not provide any additional advantages.
The disclosure has referred to whole tree chipping which is intended to incluae not only whole trees, but also discrete tree sections such as tops only but with branches and twigs integral therewith.
Whole tree chippers with substantially flat or radial cutting faces have been described, however, the in- , vention may also be applied to modi~ied disc type chippers such as the so called V drum whole tree chippers, but the radial disc has proved more effective~
7781~
Modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as def ined in the appended claims .
.
, ., :
I
~ .
FIELD OF TE~E INVENTION
The present invention relates to a chipper. More specifically the present invention relates to a chipper for processing whole trees and simultaneously separating debris from the chips.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Chips from whole trees or similar material provides an inexpensive source of wood and many pulp mills are now using varying proportions of these chips together with the regular chips, However, chips from whole trees generally contain a significant amount of long twigs or branch stems that cause costly handling problems, for example, hang-ups in chip bins and metering valves etc. and use of these chips is restricted. The industry in the near future may be forced by government regulations to further utilization ~ of the cut tree and whole tree chipping may be more - widespread.
Convential disc chippers including those used to chip whole trees include a housing with a disc rotably mounted therein and provided with slots therethrough and knives.
The cut chips pass through the slots into a chamber and are ejected from the chamber by suitable vanes projecting from the rear face of the disc. Twigs or branch stems are not easily cut by the knives and simply stay on the front face ` of the disc or sometimes progress to the back face of the disc either by passing through the chip slot or around the periphery of the disc and are thrown out the chipper spout mixed with the cut chipso No simple and efficient way of separating these twigs and branch stems and generally debris associated with chipping whole tree~ has been devised to " . . : .
:1~77~
date.
It has been proposed to divide the chipper housing into two compartments one of which is an involute and forms a fan to provide more air for conveying the chips as taught, for example, in Canadian patent 754,372 issued March 14, 19~7 to Eklund, however, this device does not separate debris from chips.
It has also been proposed to separate dirt and loose bark in a drum chipper designed to chip short length large diameter logs. In this chipper the short log lengths are fed radially (the longitudinal axis of the log and drum are aligned) and the knives cut substantially parallel to the grain to form chips which pass into the drum. This device is unsuitable for whole tree chipping.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for pro-ducing from whole trees while simultaneously separating debris including twigs and branches therefrom, comprising;
longitudinally feeding whole tree sections with integral branches and twigs through an infeed spout into a disc type chipper having a substantially radial cutting face separating a debris chamber from a chip space located behind said cutting face, the clearance between said cutting face and said infeed spout providing a passage into said front chamber;
cutting the major part of said tree sections into chips while severing branches and twigs therefrom by the action of knives on said cutting face cooperating with an anvil at the end of said infeed spout adjacent said face, at least some of said branches and twigs remaining unchipped;
passing said chips into said chip space;
maintaining a clearance between cutting edges on said knives and said anvil of at least 0.1 inches;
!`~ ' \
`` ~0778~
moving at least some of said unchipped branches and twigs into a position to pass through said passage into said front chamber;
passing said unchipped branches and twigs together with other of said debris into said front chamber;
centrifugally moving said debris radially outward along said cutting face;
positively ejecting said debris out of said debris ehamber through a first tangential chipper outlet leading from said debris chamber; and positively ejecting said chips from said chip space through a second tangential chipper outlet, said second tangential chipper outlet communicating with said chip spaee, whereby said ehips and said debris are separated in said chipper and are separately positively ejected from said chipper.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Further features, objects and advantages will be - 3a -(~ ' .
., 7 7 ~11 evident from the following detailed description from the preferred embodiments of the present invention taken in con-junction with the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure l is a schematic section along the lines l-l of Figure 2.
Figure 2 is a schematic section along the lines 2-2 of Figure l.
Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 but illus-trating a modification of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a schematic front view with parts omitted for clarity of the figure 3 modification of the present inven-tion.
Figure 5 is a section along the line 5-5 of Figure 4.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
As saen in Figures l and 2 the chipper 10 is formed by a housing 12 having a front wall 14, a rear wall 16 and a circumferential wall 18 enclosing a chipper disc r70 which is mounted to rotate with a driven shaft 22. The disc 20 is provided with slots 23 immediately followed by cutting knives schematically illustrated at 24 on the substantially radial front cutting face 25 of the disc 20~ Paddles 26 are mounted on rear face 28 adjacent the periphery of disc 20.
A suitable wood feed inlet into the housing 12 is indicated at 3Q. The wood is advanced substantially axially (along its longitudinal axis) into the chipper.
The chipper is divided by the disc 20 and in the illustrated arrangement by a annular partition 32, into a rear chamber 34 which receives the chips that pass through slots 23 preceding each of the knives 24 and a front chamber 36 which receives the small parts of the tree that are not chipped and can fit between the disc 20 and the adjacent end of the infeed spout 30, i.e. leaves, twigs, branches, etc. (debris) ~ ~7 ~
which are not cut and forced to pass through the slots 23 to the rear chamber 34. Separate outlets 38 and 40 are provided from the respective chambers 34 and 36.
Suitable paddles schematically illustrated at 42 are preferably provided on the front face of the disc 20 adjacent the periphery thereof to ensure that the front chamber 36 remains clear.
The embodiment of Figures 1 and 2 operates as follows:
Whole trees including the bole and top section with branches thereon to be chipped are fed substantially axially via the inlet or feed ~pout 30 against the front face of the disc 20 and are cut by the knives 24. The chips so pro-duced pass through slots 23 into the rear chamber 34 and are swept therefrom via the paddles 26O Twigs~ leaves, etc~
(debris) ~hat do not pass through the disc 20 are pushed or pulled into the front chamber 36 as or after they are se-vered from the tree by the knife 24. This debris which enters the front chamber 36 is moved along the face 25 of the disc 20 by centrifugal force and is swept out of the chamber 36 via the paddles or the like 42 through debris outlet 40.
It will be noted that in Figure 1 separate outlets 38 and 40 for the chips and twigs etc. (debris) respectively are shown exiting along the same tangential path but as indi-cated by the dotted lines at 44 in Figure 1 ou~let 40 may be in any circumferential position relative to the outlet 38.
The embodiments illustrated in Figures 3 to 5 di~fer - from those illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 in several ways an~
: some of the modifications shown in Figure 3 may equally well be applied to the Figure 1 and 2. For example, the partition 32 of the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2 is formed by an annu-lar flange projecting inwardly from the periphery 18 of the chamber or housing 12 whereas in Figure 3 this flange 32 has 7781~L
been replaced by a circular flange 46 projecting in from the - front wall 14 of the housing. Alternatively the flanges 32 and 46 may be eliminated and the chipper housing be divided by the disc per se, i.e. the clearance between the periphery of ~he disc 20 and, the periphery 18 of the housing 12 would be sufficiently small for the disc 20 alone to effectively divide the housing into the front chamber 36 of the rear chamber 34. A proven way to construct the partition is to form a labyrinth type seal for example by forming a grove in the periphery o the disc and extend the annular partition 32 into the grove.
A further modification is shown in Figures 3 to 5 inclusive in that instead of the debris outlet 40 extending tangentially from the housing 12 through the circumferential wall 18 the debris outlet 50 has been provided by a hole 52 through the front wall 14. It will be noted from Figure 5 tbat the annular flange or ring 46 is omitted in the area of the outlet 50 and that a separate baffle 54 is provided to direct to the debris at an angle outward from the front chamber 36.
The embodiment of Figures 3 to 5 inclusive operates in the same way as the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2 in that .
wood is fed into the front of the chipper via inlet 30, is chipped by the knives 24 with the chips passing through the disc ~0 into the rear chamber 34 and the debris being drawn into the front chamber 36 and being carried out through the outlet 50 by being deflected via the baffle 54. The chips leave the rear chamber 34 in the conventional manner through outlet 38.
The disclosure has dealt primarily with chippers having tangential chip outlets from the housing however, t~e invention may equally be applied to disc chippers ~ith - .
- .
~ 7781~
bottom chip outlets provided these chippers are formed with rear and front chambers and with separate outle~s from these chambers for the chips and debris.
As is known, the wood material in the branches and, twigs has markedly inferior quality for pulping than the bole section. Also the quantity of bark and leaves or ratio of bark and leaves to wood in small branches or twigs is very high compared with the remainder of the tree and fur~
ther the majority of grit and dirt gathered during the tree harvesting operations adheres to the branches. It is there-', fore desirable for pulping operations to minimize the ' number of branches or twigs that are cut into chips and to maximize the amount of such material (branches and twigs) that leave the chipper via the debris outlet. To this end, ' it has been found that by increasing the anvil clearance (clearance between the anvil and the knife) significantly the number of twigs and branches drawn into the front chamber is significantly increased. For example conven-tionally an anvil clearance of about 0.015 to about 0.04 inches is used, however to increase the number of twigs `' and branches in the debris this clearance may desirably be increased to about 0.1 inches but in some case may be in-, creased even more up to about 0.3 inches.
; Increasing the anvil clearance as above described facilitates passage of the branches, after or as they are cut from the tree, into the front chamber and thus reduces the ' number o~ branches which are cut into chips. Twigs or ' branches once they are severed from the tree but without being chopped, pass into the front chamber through a passage defined by the clearance between the cutting face and the adjacent end of the infeed spout i~e. not all of these un-chipped branches and twigs need pass through the anvil clear~
.
~ 1177~
ance which defines only one side of the passage from the in-feed spout to the front chamber. Some may pass through the clearance between the bottom edge of the infeed spout and the cutting face since such clearance may be substantially greater than the anvil clearance. Whatever way the twigs and branches enter the front chamber, if they are of a longi-tudinal dimension greater than any of these clearances they must be moved or positioned substantially parallel to the cutting face of the disc. This operation may be obtained by 10 the pulling action of the knives as they penetrate only partly through the branch as determined by the clearance bet-ween the kni~e and the anvil. In any event, it is apparent that they must deviate from the direction in which they are advanced into the chipper and at least partly align or orient themselves with the face o~ the chipper disc to per-mit them to pass from the infeed spout into the front chamber.
The distance between the front cutting face 25 of the disc and the inner face of the front wall of the housing should be at least 1 inch to provide an adequate size front chamber for reasonable operation. Generally this dimension will not be greater than about 3 inches since incrPasing the dimension beyond 3 inches does not provide any additional advantages.
The disclosure has referred to whole tree chipping which is intended to incluae not only whole trees, but also discrete tree sections such as tops only but with branches and twigs integral therewith.
Whole tree chippers with substantially flat or radial cutting faces have been described, however, the in- , vention may also be applied to modi~ied disc type chippers such as the so called V drum whole tree chippers, but the radial disc has proved more effective~
7781~
Modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as def ined in the appended claims .
.
, ., :
I
~ .
Claims
1. A method of producing chips from whole trees while simultaneously separating debris including twigs and branches therefrom, comprising;
a) longitudinally feeding whole tree sections with integral branches and twigs through an infeed spout into a disc type chipper having a substantially radial cutting face separating a debris chamber from a chip space located behind said cutting face, the clearance between said cutting face and said infeed spout providing a passage into said front chamber;
b) cutting the major part of said tree sections into chips while severing branches and twigs therefrom by the action of knives on said cutting face cooperating with an anvil at the end of said infeed spout adjacent said face, at least some of said branches and twigs remaining unchipped;
c) passing said chips into said chip space;
d) maintaining a clearance between cutting edges on said knives and said anvil of at least 0.1 inches;
e) moving at least some of said unchipped branches and twigs into a position to pass through said passage into said front chamber;
f) passing said unchipped branches and twigs together with other of said debris into said front chamber;
g) centrifugally moving said debris radially outward along said cutting face;
h) positively ejecting said debris out of said debris chamber through a first tangential chipper outlet leading from said debris chamber; and i) positively ejecting said chips from said chip space through a second tangential chipper outlet, said second tangential chipper outlet communicating with said chip space, whereby said chips and said debris are separated in said chipper and are separately positively ejected from said chipper.
a) longitudinally feeding whole tree sections with integral branches and twigs through an infeed spout into a disc type chipper having a substantially radial cutting face separating a debris chamber from a chip space located behind said cutting face, the clearance between said cutting face and said infeed spout providing a passage into said front chamber;
b) cutting the major part of said tree sections into chips while severing branches and twigs therefrom by the action of knives on said cutting face cooperating with an anvil at the end of said infeed spout adjacent said face, at least some of said branches and twigs remaining unchipped;
c) passing said chips into said chip space;
d) maintaining a clearance between cutting edges on said knives and said anvil of at least 0.1 inches;
e) moving at least some of said unchipped branches and twigs into a position to pass through said passage into said front chamber;
f) passing said unchipped branches and twigs together with other of said debris into said front chamber;
g) centrifugally moving said debris radially outward along said cutting face;
h) positively ejecting said debris out of said debris chamber through a first tangential chipper outlet leading from said debris chamber; and i) positively ejecting said chips from said chip space through a second tangential chipper outlet, said second tangential chipper outlet communicating with said chip space, whereby said chips and said debris are separated in said chipper and are separately positively ejected from said chipper.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA295,664A CA1077811A (en) | 1976-04-15 | 1978-01-25 | Debris separating chipper |
| CA 312725 CA1053128A (en) | 1976-04-15 | 1978-10-05 | Debris separating chipper |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US67731776A | 1976-04-15 | 1976-04-15 | |
| CA250,407A CA1029284A (en) | 1976-04-15 | 1976-04-15 | Debris separating chipper |
| AU24915/77A AU503874B2 (en) | 1977-05-05 | 1977-05-05 | Debris separating chipper |
| CA295,664A CA1077811A (en) | 1976-04-15 | 1978-01-25 | Debris separating chipper |
| CA 312725 CA1053128A (en) | 1976-04-15 | 1978-10-05 | Debris separating chipper |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1077811A true CA1077811A (en) | 1980-05-20 |
Family
ID=27506704
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA295,664A Expired CA1077811A (en) | 1976-04-15 | 1978-01-25 | Debris separating chipper |
| CA 312725 Expired CA1053128A (en) | 1976-04-15 | 1978-10-05 | Debris separating chipper |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 312725 Expired CA1053128A (en) | 1976-04-15 | 1978-10-05 | Debris separating chipper |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (2) | CA1077811A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3210840A1 (en) * | 1982-03-24 | 1983-10-06 | Poettinger Ohg Alois | DEVICE FOR CRUSHING SMALL WOOD |
| FI109981B (en) * | 1998-03-03 | 2002-11-15 | Andritz Patentverwaltung | Hole for chip finder |
-
1978
- 1978-01-25 CA CA295,664A patent/CA1077811A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-10-05 CA CA 312725 patent/CA1053128A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA1053128A (en) | 1979-04-24 |
| CA1053128B (en) |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4162769A (en) | Whole tree chipper | |
| US5692548A (en) | Wood chipper | |
| US4913679A (en) | Device for combine harvesters equipped with a rotary straw chopper | |
| US4153208A (en) | Mincing machine for grinding up food | |
| US5139063A (en) | Chipper sliver trimmer | |
| SE8200691L (en) | Chipper | |
| US4445558A (en) | Barking drum and method | |
| US4159083A (en) | Debris separating chipper | |
| US4201257A (en) | Timber processing machine | |
| US6082644A (en) | Shredder | |
| US4317544A (en) | Chipper | |
| CA1077811A (en) | Debris separating chipper | |
| US4109690A (en) | Chipper | |
| RU2266194C2 (en) | Method for production of shavings with oriented fibers from wood | |
| US3682400A (en) | Pulpwood chipper | |
| CA1071066A (en) | Whole tree chipper | |
| CA2520887C (en) | Chipper bed knife | |
| US3407854A (en) | Wood chipping apparatus | |
| EP0135519B1 (en) | Chipper | |
| US5373876A (en) | Chipping control device and disc chipper | |
| DE2639123C2 (en) | Method and device for producing flat chips | |
| US2663506A (en) | Wood chipper | |
| SU1162593A1 (en) | Wood-chipping installation | |
| SU1068290A1 (en) | Chopping machine for disintegrating hole trees | |
| FI69419C (en) | FLISHUGGARE FOER HELA TRAED OCH FOER SEPARERING AV AVFALLET FRON FLISEN |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |