CA1050266A - Metallurgical device for treating molten metal - Google Patents
Metallurgical device for treating molten metalInfo
- Publication number
- CA1050266A CA1050266A CA226,714A CA226714A CA1050266A CA 1050266 A CA1050266 A CA 1050266A CA 226714 A CA226714 A CA 226714A CA 1050266 A CA1050266 A CA 1050266A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- container
- rod
- metal
- briquettes
- assembly
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
METALLURGICAL DEVICE FOR
TREATING MOLTEN METAL
Abstract of the Disclosure A metallurgical unit device containing scrap metal briquettes impregnated with magnesium metal has been prepared for treating molten metal which may be lowered into and raised from the molten metal without having to employ plunging bells and the like for maintaining the briquettes submerged in the molten metal.
TREATING MOLTEN METAL
Abstract of the Disclosure A metallurgical unit device containing scrap metal briquettes impregnated with magnesium metal has been prepared for treating molten metal which may be lowered into and raised from the molten metal without having to employ plunging bells and the like for maintaining the briquettes submerged in the molten metal.
Description
Back~round of the Invention In the past, when molten metals such as molten iron, are treated with treating agents, such as magnesium metal and the like, one method of treatment comprises forming magnesium metal into massive bodies with coke or other alloying metal compositions, and these bodies are introduced into the molten metal by placing them under a plunging bell which holds the magnesium containing briquettes under the surface of the molten metal, since these briquettes have a lower density than that of molten iron.
It would be desirable to obtain a type of unit which could by itself be introduced into the molten metal without having to employ plunging bells and the like which ' are expensive to use.
Summary of the Invention ;
The instant invention provides for a metallurgical unit device comprising:
, 1) a stack of scrap metal briquettes impregnated with magnesium metal placed in a closed metal container to form an assembly which is protected from the atmosphere.
It would be desirable to obtain a type of unit which could by itself be introduced into the molten metal without having to employ plunging bells and the like which ' are expensive to use.
Summary of the Invention ;
The instant invention provides for a metallurgical unit device comprising:
, 1) a stack of scrap metal briquettes impregnated with magnesium metal placed in a closed metal container to form an assembly which is protected from the atmosphere.
2) the stack of briquettes in the assembly contain ~, apertures which are in alignment in order to permit a rod to ,~ be inserted through the apertures.
~ 3) the briquettes are held in place on the rod by ; pins or plates attached to the rod and positioned at the `~ top and bottom of the stack of briquettes.
4) this assembly contains either removable tight fitting covers on the top and bott~m of the container which are removed when the rod is to be inserted through the ' ~05Q266 assembly.
5) or the stack of briquettes are placed on the rod and both the briquettes and the rod are inserted in the metal container, the upper end of the rod protruding through the top of the container.
The metallurgical unit device comprises either 1) a stack of briquettes contained in the metal container and a rod extending through the container, or 2) the briquettes are stacked on a rod and the briquettes and the rod are encased in the metal container.
When the assembly comprises a stack of briquettes placed in the metal container, this assembly may be stored and shipped when the removable tightly fitting covers are used to protect the assembly from the atmosphere. Since the removable covers are aligned with the apertures in the stack of briquettes, the covers may be removed and a rod ~ay be inserted through the assembly to form the metallurgical unit device of the instant invention.
An alternate unit device comprises a stack of briquettes positioned on a rod and the briquettes and the rod are both ,~
~ ~ .
' ~05()Z66 encased in a metal container, the upper end of the rod pro-truding through the top of the container. This unit device also may be stored, shipped or used in this configuration.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a per-spective view of a donut-shaped scrap iron briquette impregnated with magnesium metal. Figure 2 is a vertical cross-section of an assembly of scrap metal briquettes enclosed in a metal container. Figure 3 is a perspective view of a rod containing cross members to maintain the assembly on the rod, and Figure 4 is a perspective cut away vertical view of the metallurgical unit device in which the scrap metal assembly is maintained on the rod which is inserted through the assembly. Figure 5 is a vertical cross-section of another form of the metal-lurgical unit device which is also included in the instant invention.
j In Figure 1, a compressed porous scrap metal briquette -~-10 is impregnated with magnesium metal. The briquette contains an aperture 11, thereby producing a donut-shaped briquette.
In Figure 2 a stack of donut-shaped briquettes 20 are placed in a container 21 which has end closures 22, having central apertures provided with removable tight fitting covers 23.
The aperture 24 in the donut-shaped briquettes 20 are positioned in alignment with the apertures in the end closures 22 of the container 21, thus forming an assembly.
In Figure 3, a rod 31 which is to be inserted through the assembly contains cross members comprising pins 32 in order to retain the assembly on the rod.
In Figure 4 is shown the assembly comprising the donut-shaped briquettes 40 stacked in the container 41 and the assembly is positioned on the rod 42 and maintained on the rod by pin 43 at top and bottom (not shown) of the container.
~ 3) the briquettes are held in place on the rod by ; pins or plates attached to the rod and positioned at the `~ top and bottom of the stack of briquettes.
4) this assembly contains either removable tight fitting covers on the top and bott~m of the container which are removed when the rod is to be inserted through the ' ~05Q266 assembly.
5) or the stack of briquettes are placed on the rod and both the briquettes and the rod are inserted in the metal container, the upper end of the rod protruding through the top of the container.
The metallurgical unit device comprises either 1) a stack of briquettes contained in the metal container and a rod extending through the container, or 2) the briquettes are stacked on a rod and the briquettes and the rod are encased in the metal container.
When the assembly comprises a stack of briquettes placed in the metal container, this assembly may be stored and shipped when the removable tightly fitting covers are used to protect the assembly from the atmosphere. Since the removable covers are aligned with the apertures in the stack of briquettes, the covers may be removed and a rod ~ay be inserted through the assembly to form the metallurgical unit device of the instant invention.
An alternate unit device comprises a stack of briquettes positioned on a rod and the briquettes and the rod are both ,~
~ ~ .
' ~05()Z66 encased in a metal container, the upper end of the rod pro-truding through the top of the container. This unit device also may be stored, shipped or used in this configuration.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a per-spective view of a donut-shaped scrap iron briquette impregnated with magnesium metal. Figure 2 is a vertical cross-section of an assembly of scrap metal briquettes enclosed in a metal container. Figure 3 is a perspective view of a rod containing cross members to maintain the assembly on the rod, and Figure 4 is a perspective cut away vertical view of the metallurgical unit device in which the scrap metal assembly is maintained on the rod which is inserted through the assembly. Figure 5 is a vertical cross-section of another form of the metal-lurgical unit device which is also included in the instant invention.
j In Figure 1, a compressed porous scrap metal briquette -~-10 is impregnated with magnesium metal. The briquette contains an aperture 11, thereby producing a donut-shaped briquette.
In Figure 2 a stack of donut-shaped briquettes 20 are placed in a container 21 which has end closures 22, having central apertures provided with removable tight fitting covers 23.
The aperture 24 in the donut-shaped briquettes 20 are positioned in alignment with the apertures in the end closures 22 of the container 21, thus forming an assembly.
In Figure 3, a rod 31 which is to be inserted through the assembly contains cross members comprising pins 32 in order to retain the assembly on the rod.
In Figure 4 is shown the assembly comprising the donut-shaped briquettes 40 stacked in the container 41 and the assembly is positioned on the rod 42 and maintained on the rod by pin 43 at top and bottom (not shown) of the container.
- 3 -~050266 In Figure 5 is shown another form of the metal-lurgical device in which a stack of donut-shaped briquettes 51 are positioned on a rod 52. The briquettes are held on the rod by pins 53 at the top and bottom of said stack. The rod and the. briquettes are then placed in a metal container 54 contain-ing a top end closure 55, and the top end of the rod 56 pro-trudes through the top end closure of the container. Ceramic cement 57 seals the opening where the rod extends through the container top.
The compressed porous scrap metal briquettes used in the instant invention are those which are prepared from scrap steel or ductile iron turnings which are compressed or compac-ted to produce a porous scrap metal briquette having a density of from 25% to 50% of the density of iron metal. Scrap steel, turnings having length ~rom 1/16 inch up to 9 inches, widths ~rom 1/64 to one inch, and thicknesses from 1 to 100 mils are ' particularly satisfactory. These scrap metal pieces when piled -! together should have a density less than 15% of the density of iron metal.
l In this particular invention, the briquettes are com-.~ pressed in dies to ~orm, preferably, donut-shaped briquettes.
Th~se bri~uettes are then immersed in molten magnesium metal and the molten magnesium impregnates the network of compressed ~etal pieces to form the magnesium impregnated briquettes.
The preparation of these compressed porous scrap i~ metal briquettes infiltrated with magnesium metal throughout the network of metal pieces is more fully described and claimed in co-pending Canadian Patent Application No. 197,315, and f~ 30 which is assigned to the same assignee as the instant application.
In preparing the metallurgical unit device of the instant
The compressed porous scrap metal briquettes used in the instant invention are those which are prepared from scrap steel or ductile iron turnings which are compressed or compac-ted to produce a porous scrap metal briquette having a density of from 25% to 50% of the density of iron metal. Scrap steel, turnings having length ~rom 1/16 inch up to 9 inches, widths ~rom 1/64 to one inch, and thicknesses from 1 to 100 mils are ' particularly satisfactory. These scrap metal pieces when piled -! together should have a density less than 15% of the density of iron metal.
l In this particular invention, the briquettes are com-.~ pressed in dies to ~orm, preferably, donut-shaped briquettes.
Th~se bri~uettes are then immersed in molten magnesium metal and the molten magnesium impregnates the network of compressed ~etal pieces to form the magnesium impregnated briquettes.
The preparation of these compressed porous scrap i~ metal briquettes infiltrated with magnesium metal throughout the network of metal pieces is more fully described and claimed in co-pending Canadian Patent Application No. 197,315, and f~ 30 which is assigned to the same assignee as the instant application.
In preparing the metallurgical unit device of the instant
- 4 -.. . . ; . ~
~05~266 invention, which is used to treat molten metal by lowering and raising the device in molten metal, a briquette assembly device is first prepared as follows:
A number of donut-shaped briquettes are stacked one upon another and the stack is placed into a metal container. The holes in the briquettes are aligned with one another and with the bottom and top covers of the container. These covers are tight fitting and removable.
When the donut-shaped briquettes are placed in the metal container and the container covers are used to tightly close the container, this assembly is then ready for shipping or for storage, since the donuts are protected from the atmosphere. This assembly may be used in any manner to treat molten iron.
This invention also contemplates the preparation o a metallurgical unit devi~e which includes the use of the briquette assembly described above. In this device the top and bottom covers are removed from the container and a rod is inserted through the entire assembly. The assembly is held on the rod by plates or pins which are attached to the rod and are positioned at the top and bottom of the container.
Another form of the metallurgical unit device which may also be used contains the stack of briquettes positioned on a rod-and the briquettes and the rod are encased in a metal container, the upper end of the rod protruding through the top end of the container.
If metal rods are employed, they should be coated with a refractory cement to prevent them from
~05~266 invention, which is used to treat molten metal by lowering and raising the device in molten metal, a briquette assembly device is first prepared as follows:
A number of donut-shaped briquettes are stacked one upon another and the stack is placed into a metal container. The holes in the briquettes are aligned with one another and with the bottom and top covers of the container. These covers are tight fitting and removable.
When the donut-shaped briquettes are placed in the metal container and the container covers are used to tightly close the container, this assembly is then ready for shipping or for storage, since the donuts are protected from the atmosphere. This assembly may be used in any manner to treat molten iron.
This invention also contemplates the preparation o a metallurgical unit devi~e which includes the use of the briquette assembly described above. In this device the top and bottom covers are removed from the container and a rod is inserted through the entire assembly. The assembly is held on the rod by plates or pins which are attached to the rod and are positioned at the top and bottom of the container.
Another form of the metallurgical unit device which may also be used contains the stack of briquettes positioned on a rod-and the briquettes and the rod are encased in a metal container, the upper end of the rod protruding through the top end of the container.
If metal rods are employed, they should be coated with a refractory cement to prevent them from
- 5 -' 10~0266 melting immediately when they are placed in the molten iron. If desired, graphite rods may also be employed.
These metallurgical unit devices may then be used by lowering either of the entire units into the molten iron and the unit is held below the surface of the molten metal.
During the first minute, the metal container starts to dissolve in the molten metal and the magnesium metal in the briquettes starts to react with the molten iron and thereby reduces the sulfur content of the molten metal.
Since the magnesium metal is infiltrated into the porous scrap metal briquette, the release of the magnesium metal is very rapid, but it is not violent.
After three or four minutes most of the magnesium metal is dissolved, and after ive or six minutes the scrap metal itself and the metal rod starts to melt in the molten metal.
The metallurgical unit devices may be lo~ered and rai~ed from the molten metal when deslred.
In order to describe more fully the instant invention, the following procedures were carried out to produce the metallurgical unit device containing the ; assembly.
~ Scrap metal donut-shaped briquettes were prepared .
; as follows.
Scrap steel turnings have a density of that of - iron metal had the following individual piece size ranges:
length 1/16 - 9 in.
width 1/64 - 1 in.
thickness 1 - 100 mils.
_ ~ _ .. . . . . . . .
In order to prepare each donut-shaped briquette, 22.4 lbs. of these steel turnings were placed in a ring-shaped die measuring 15" OD x 5" I~ x 6" thick. These turnings were then compressed at a load of l,00Q tons maximum (6.4 tons/sq. in.) to produce a donut-shaped briquette meas~ring lS" OD x 5" ID x 1-1/2" thick. The density of the metal network was 3.29 g/cc and the briquettes had a porosity of 58%.
These donuts were then degreased in an oven at 1000F and were then submerged in molten magnesium metal to impregnate the metal network with the magnesium metal.
The average amount of magnesium in the briquettes was 30%
by weight.
A plurality of these donut briquettes were placed in a steel drum which was equipped with removable tight fitting top and bottom covers.
This assembly was now ready for use, for storage or for shipping.
In this particular operation the assembly device was used to prepare the metallurgical unit device of the instant invention as follows:
The top and bottom covers of the assembly were removed and a rod was inserted through the entire assembly and the assembly was held on the rod by a pin placed on the rod at the bottQm of the assembly and a plate fastened to the rod at the top of the assembly. The rod was coated with a ceramic cement.
The entire metallurgical device containing a stack of 15 donut-shaped briquettes, each averaging 10 3~ pounds of magnesium, was lowered into a ladle containing ~050266 230 tons of molten iron. The amount of magnesium in the briquettes added per ton of molten iron was .65 lbs.
The reaction was rapid, but not violent and was completed in four minutes. After eight minutes both the scrap metal briquettes and the rod were also dissolved.
The initial sulfur content of the iron was 0.041%
and the final sulfur content was reduced to 0.023%.
Similar results may also be obtained when the metallurgical unit device comprises both the briquettes and the rod encased in the metal container.
These metallurgical unit devices are simple and economical to prepare. They are also uniform in composition, -and therefore reproducible results are obtained when used to desulfurize molten iron or to make nodular iron. These unit device~ employ iron or steel as the carrier of the magnesium, and therefore do not introduce foreign substances which have to be removed from the molten iron. The use of these unit devicss produce a rapid release of the magnesium metal into the molten iron without producing a violent 2 a reaction.
While this invention has been described and ;
illustrated by the examples shown, it is not intended to be strictly limited thereto, and other variations and modifications may be employed within the scope of the following claims.
These metallurgical unit devices may then be used by lowering either of the entire units into the molten iron and the unit is held below the surface of the molten metal.
During the first minute, the metal container starts to dissolve in the molten metal and the magnesium metal in the briquettes starts to react with the molten iron and thereby reduces the sulfur content of the molten metal.
Since the magnesium metal is infiltrated into the porous scrap metal briquette, the release of the magnesium metal is very rapid, but it is not violent.
After three or four minutes most of the magnesium metal is dissolved, and after ive or six minutes the scrap metal itself and the metal rod starts to melt in the molten metal.
The metallurgical unit devices may be lo~ered and rai~ed from the molten metal when deslred.
In order to describe more fully the instant invention, the following procedures were carried out to produce the metallurgical unit device containing the ; assembly.
~ Scrap metal donut-shaped briquettes were prepared .
; as follows.
Scrap steel turnings have a density of that of - iron metal had the following individual piece size ranges:
length 1/16 - 9 in.
width 1/64 - 1 in.
thickness 1 - 100 mils.
_ ~ _ .. . . . . . . .
In order to prepare each donut-shaped briquette, 22.4 lbs. of these steel turnings were placed in a ring-shaped die measuring 15" OD x 5" I~ x 6" thick. These turnings were then compressed at a load of l,00Q tons maximum (6.4 tons/sq. in.) to produce a donut-shaped briquette meas~ring lS" OD x 5" ID x 1-1/2" thick. The density of the metal network was 3.29 g/cc and the briquettes had a porosity of 58%.
These donuts were then degreased in an oven at 1000F and were then submerged in molten magnesium metal to impregnate the metal network with the magnesium metal.
The average amount of magnesium in the briquettes was 30%
by weight.
A plurality of these donut briquettes were placed in a steel drum which was equipped with removable tight fitting top and bottom covers.
This assembly was now ready for use, for storage or for shipping.
In this particular operation the assembly device was used to prepare the metallurgical unit device of the instant invention as follows:
The top and bottom covers of the assembly were removed and a rod was inserted through the entire assembly and the assembly was held on the rod by a pin placed on the rod at the bottQm of the assembly and a plate fastened to the rod at the top of the assembly. The rod was coated with a ceramic cement.
The entire metallurgical device containing a stack of 15 donut-shaped briquettes, each averaging 10 3~ pounds of magnesium, was lowered into a ladle containing ~050266 230 tons of molten iron. The amount of magnesium in the briquettes added per ton of molten iron was .65 lbs.
The reaction was rapid, but not violent and was completed in four minutes. After eight minutes both the scrap metal briquettes and the rod were also dissolved.
The initial sulfur content of the iron was 0.041%
and the final sulfur content was reduced to 0.023%.
Similar results may also be obtained when the metallurgical unit device comprises both the briquettes and the rod encased in the metal container.
These metallurgical unit devices are simple and economical to prepare. They are also uniform in composition, -and therefore reproducible results are obtained when used to desulfurize molten iron or to make nodular iron. These unit device~ employ iron or steel as the carrier of the magnesium, and therefore do not introduce foreign substances which have to be removed from the molten iron. The use of these unit devicss produce a rapid release of the magnesium metal into the molten iron without producing a violent 2 a reaction.
While this invention has been described and ;
illustrated by the examples shown, it is not intended to be strictly limited thereto, and other variations and modifications may be employed within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (7)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE OF IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. An assembly for use in a metallurgical unit device for desulfurizing molten iron, said assembly com-prising a stack of scrap metal briquettes impregnated with magnesium metal placed in a closed metal container to form said assembly, said closed metal container containing apertures in the top and bottom sections of said container, said stack of briquettes also having apertures aligned with the apertures in said container, and said apertures being closed by removable tight fitting covers or by a rod ex-tending through said container and briquette apertures where-by the briquettes are protected from the atmosphere by the container.
2. An assembly according to Claim 1 wherein said metal container has removable end closures, said end closures having said apertures.
3. An assembly according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the container apertures are closed by removable tight fitting covers.
4. An assembly according to claim 1 wherein a rod extends through the container and briquette apertures, with cross members being positioned on said rod at the top and bottom of the container to hold the assembly on the rod.
5. An assembly according to Claim 4 in which the rod is metallic iron and said rod is coated with a ceramic cement.
6. An assembly according to Claim 4 in which the rod is graphite.
7. An assembly according to Claim 4, 5 or 6 wherein a ceramic cement seals the junction of the upper end of the container and the rod extending therethrough.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US49664874 US3902705A (en) | 1974-08-12 | 1974-08-12 | Metallurgical device for treating molten metal |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1050266A true CA1050266A (en) | 1979-03-13 |
Family
ID=23973552
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA226,714A Expired CA1050266A (en) | 1974-08-12 | 1975-05-12 | Metallurgical device for treating molten metal |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3902705A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5120012A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU498589B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE832324A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1050266A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2535795A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2281989A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1495579A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1040339B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO138951C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7508898L (en) |
| SU (1) | SU735179A3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS51115902A (en) * | 1975-04-01 | 1976-10-13 | Sumitomo Forestry | Apparatus for controlling insects of woods |
| IT1156736B (en) * | 1978-05-12 | 1987-02-04 | Centro Speriment Metallurg | METHOD FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF BONES-DESULPHANTS SUBSTANCES UNDER FLOATING METALS WITHOUT USING GASEOUS VEHICLES |
| US4500352A (en) * | 1982-12-01 | 1985-02-19 | Stanton And Staveley Limited | Production of cast iron |
| US7575609B2 (en) | 2002-08-07 | 2009-08-18 | Creative Spark, Llc | Packaged charcoal briquet product |
| US6790244B2 (en) * | 2002-08-07 | 2004-09-14 | Nottingham-Spirk Design Associates, Inc. | Packaged stackable charcoal briquet |
| US20040222117A1 (en) * | 2002-08-07 | 2004-11-11 | Nottingham-Spirk Design Associates, Inc., An Ohio Corporation | Packaged charcoal briquet product |
| JP6263037B2 (en) * | 2014-02-03 | 2018-01-17 | 三鷹光器株式会社 | Briquette for thermal reduction of magnesium |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1175655A (en) * | 1912-11-22 | 1916-03-14 | Walter N Naylor | Aluminium alloys. |
| US2809886A (en) * | 1955-02-17 | 1957-10-15 | Int Nickel Co | Plunger for the introduction of substances with low vaporization temperature into liquid melts |
-
1974
- 1974-08-12 US US49664874 patent/US3902705A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1975
- 1975-05-12 CA CA226,714A patent/CA1050266A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-06-21 JP JP7641875A patent/JPS5120012A/ja active Pending
- 1975-07-29 GB GB3179075A patent/GB1495579A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-08-04 IT IT2606075A patent/IT1040339B/en active
- 1975-08-05 NO NO752741A patent/NO138951C/en unknown
- 1975-08-07 SE SE7508898A patent/SE7508898L/en unknown
- 1975-08-08 FR FR7524887A patent/FR2281989A1/en active Granted
- 1975-08-08 SU SU752163127A patent/SU735179A3/en active
- 1975-08-11 BE BE159109A patent/BE832324A/en unknown
- 1975-08-11 DE DE19752535795 patent/DE2535795A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1975-08-12 AU AU83880/75A patent/AU498589B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU498589B2 (en) | 1979-03-15 |
| NO752741L (en) | 1976-02-13 |
| SE7508898L (en) | 1976-02-13 |
| BE832324A (en) | 1975-12-01 |
| AU8388075A (en) | 1977-02-17 |
| NO138951B (en) | 1978-09-04 |
| US3902705A (en) | 1975-09-02 |
| IT1040339B (en) | 1979-12-20 |
| FR2281989B1 (en) | 1978-03-17 |
| NO138951C (en) | 1978-12-13 |
| SU735179A3 (en) | 1980-05-15 |
| DE2535795A1 (en) | 1976-02-26 |
| FR2281989A1 (en) | 1976-03-12 |
| JPS5120012A (en) | 1976-02-17 |
| GB1495579A (en) | 1977-12-21 |
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