CA1042982A - Process for recharging secondary batteries - Google Patents
Process for recharging secondary batteriesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1042982A CA1042982A CA242,372A CA242372A CA1042982A CA 1042982 A CA1042982 A CA 1042982A CA 242372 A CA242372 A CA 242372A CA 1042982 A CA1042982 A CA 1042982A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cathodic
- sulfur
- reaction zone
- anodic
- alkali metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000010349 cathodic reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 46
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- -1 sulfur saturated sodium polysulfide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006727 cell loss Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 37
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910021525 ceramic electrolyte Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000873 Beta-alumina solid electrolyte Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium polysulfide Chemical compound [Na+].S HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BNOODXBBXFZASF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[S] Chemical compound [Na].[S] BNOODXBBXFZASF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018516 Al—O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920013631 Sulfar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011532 electronic conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/39—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34 working at high temperature
- H01M10/3909—Sodium-sulfur cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/567,464 US3976503A (en) | 1975-04-14 | 1975-04-14 | Process for recharging secondary batteries |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1042982A true CA1042982A (en) | 1978-11-21 |
Family
ID=24267265
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA242,372A Expired CA1042982A (en) | 1975-04-14 | 1975-12-19 | Process for recharging secondary batteries |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3976503A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS58157B2 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1042982A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2603374C3 (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES444665A1 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2308212A1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1536182A (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3951689A (en) * | 1975-08-20 | 1976-04-20 | Ford Motor Company | Alkali metal/sulfur cell with gas fuel cell electrode |
| US4105833A (en) * | 1976-09-16 | 1978-08-08 | Eleanor & Wilson Greatbatch Foundation | Lithium-bromine cell |
| US4164070A (en) * | 1975-09-29 | 1979-08-14 | Eleanor & Wilson Greatbatch Foundation | Method of making a lithium-bromine cell |
| US4108743A (en) * | 1977-05-02 | 1978-08-22 | Ford Motor Company | Method and apparatus for separating a metal from a salt thereof |
| FR2411632A1 (fr) * | 1977-12-15 | 1979-07-13 | Michelin & Cie | Dispositif electrochimique a separateur et electrolyte solides |
| FR2474195A1 (fr) * | 1980-01-22 | 1981-07-24 | Comp Generale Electricite | Procede de regulation thermique |
| US4767684A (en) * | 1987-08-19 | 1988-08-30 | Ford Motor Company | Method of chargeability improvement and reduced corrosion for sodium-sulfur cells |
| US20110033733A1 (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2011-02-10 | Norman Ken Ouchi | Duel Configuration Rechargeable Battery and Vehicle |
| US20110052968A1 (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2011-03-03 | General Electric Company | Battery pack assembly and related processes |
| US9153844B2 (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2015-10-06 | General Electric Company | System and methods of using a sodium metal halide cell |
| CN113097557B (zh) * | 2021-03-05 | 2022-04-22 | 山东玉皇新能源科技有限公司 | 一种钠离子电池及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3404035A (en) * | 1965-10-22 | 1968-10-01 | Ford Motor Co | Secondary battery employing molten alkali metal reactant |
| GB1137079A (en) * | 1965-10-22 | 1968-12-18 | Ford Motor Co | Batteries |
-
1975
- 1975-04-14 US US05/567,464 patent/US3976503A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1975-12-19 CA CA242,372A patent/CA1042982A/en not_active Expired
-
1976
- 1976-01-08 GB GB721/76A patent/GB1536182A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-01-26 FR FR7602003A patent/FR2308212A1/fr active Granted
- 1976-01-27 JP JP51007237A patent/JPS58157B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1976-01-27 ES ES444665A patent/ES444665A1/es not_active Expired
- 1976-01-29 DE DE2603374A patent/DE2603374C3/de not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1536182A (en) | 1978-12-20 |
| DE2603374C3 (de) | 1981-06-25 |
| JPS58157B2 (ja) | 1983-01-05 |
| DE2603374B2 (de) | 1980-09-04 |
| FR2308212B1 (enExample) | 1981-02-13 |
| JPS51121735A (en) | 1976-10-25 |
| DE2603374A1 (de) | 1976-10-28 |
| US3976503A (en) | 1976-08-24 |
| FR2308212A1 (fr) | 1976-11-12 |
| ES444665A1 (es) | 1977-10-01 |
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