CA1042614A - Softener and bleaching composition - Google Patents
Softener and bleaching compositionInfo
- Publication number
- CA1042614A CA1042614A CA199,959A CA199959A CA1042614A CA 1042614 A CA1042614 A CA 1042614A CA 199959 A CA199959 A CA 199959A CA 1042614 A CA1042614 A CA 1042614A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cationic
- fabric
- composition
- softening
- softener
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- GLVYLTSKTCWWJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-carbonoperoxoylbenzoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O GLVYLTSKTCWWJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002752 cationic softener Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- KXEMXOYVVPLGSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3-dicarboperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(=O)OO)=C1 KXEMXOYVVPLGSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 dimethyl quaternary ammonium chloride Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004900 laundering Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 7
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 5
- XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCCN XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004665 cationic fabric softener Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- IQDGSYLLQPDQDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CNC IQDGSYLLQPDQDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride Chemical class [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium;oxido carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OC([O-])=O MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- MSJLMQTXVKCUCD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-dodecylisoquinolin-2-ium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C1=CC=CC2=C[N+](CCCCCCCCCCCC)=CC=C21 MSJLMQTXVKCUCD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001050985 Disco Species 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- YHGRTQVZCTXLHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M [[2,3-bis(2-methylpropyl)phenyl]-ethoxy-phenoxymethyl]-ethyl-dimethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C=1C=CC(CC(C)C)=C(CC(C)C)C=1C([N+](C)(C)CC)(OCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1 YHGRTQVZCTXLHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005667 alkyl propylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001767 cationic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YMKDRGPMQRFJGP-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetylpyridinium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 YMKDRGPMQRFJGP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960001927 cetylpyridinium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004664 distearyldimethylammonium chloride (DHTDMAC) Substances 0.000 description 1
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000005313 fatty acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003317 industrial substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000031 sodium sesquicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000018341 sodium sesquicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- SFVFIFLLYFPGHH-UHFFFAOYSA-M stearalkonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 SFVFIFLLYFPGHH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000271 synthetic detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 1
- KRTNITDCKAVIFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecyl benzenesulfonate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KRTNITDCKAVIFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SZEMGTQCPRNXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(octadecyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C SZEMGTQCPRNXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- WCTAGTRAWPDFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;hydrogen carbonate;carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OC([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O WCTAGTRAWPDFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/46—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
- D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
- D06L4/12—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen combined with specific additives
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
- D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
- D06L4/15—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen using organic agents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
- D06M13/196—Percarboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US36632973A | 1973-06-04 | 1973-06-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1042614A true CA1042614A (en) | 1978-11-21 |
Family
ID=23442564
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA199,959A Expired CA1042614A (en) | 1973-06-04 | 1974-05-15 | Softener and bleaching composition |
Country Status (10)
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1557568A (en) * | 1976-09-20 | 1979-12-12 | Procter & Gamble | Laundry composition comprising an agglomerate of a cationic surfactant and a bleach activator |
| US4166794A (en) * | 1978-05-25 | 1979-09-04 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Liquid bleach-softener compositions |
| US4445901A (en) * | 1981-10-09 | 1984-05-01 | Lever Brothers Company | Fabric conditioning composition |
| SE8502752L (sv) * | 1984-06-22 | 1985-12-23 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Blekande och tvettande kompostion, fri fran vattenlosliga silikater |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3749673A (en) * | 1971-02-22 | 1973-07-31 | Procter & Gamble | Bleach-fabric softener compositions |
-
1974
- 1974-05-14 AU AU68913/74A patent/AU497498B2/en not_active Expired
- 1974-05-15 CA CA199,959A patent/CA1042614A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-05-20 DK DK275274A patent/DK275274A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1974-05-22 DE DE2424855A patent/DE2424855C2/de not_active Expired
- 1974-05-29 GB GB2382074A patent/GB1475149A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-05-30 FR FR7418830A patent/FR2231804B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-05-31 IT IT51333/74A patent/IT1013329B/it active
- 1974-06-01 ES ES426850A patent/ES426850A1/es not_active Expired
- 1974-06-04 BE BE145054A patent/BE815890A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-06-04 CH CH759374A patent/CH592732A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2424855A1 (de) | 1974-12-19 |
| GB1475149A (en) | 1977-06-01 |
| FR2231804A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1974-12-27 |
| AU497498B2 (en) | 1978-12-14 |
| ES426850A1 (es) | 1976-09-16 |
| FR2231804B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1978-06-02 |
| BE815890A (fr) | 1974-09-30 |
| CH592732A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1977-11-15 |
| DE2424855C2 (de) | 1986-01-09 |
| AU6891374A (en) | 1975-11-20 |
| IT1013329B (it) | 1977-03-30 |
| DK275274A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1975-01-20 |
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