BRPI0905022A2 - waste oil and fat filtration system - Google Patents

Abstract

OILS AND RESIDUAL FATS FILTRATION SYSTEM. Developed to improve the quality and conservation of used oils, giving them a better added value, including quality approval for biodiesel production, whose specification is as follows: acidity content up to 5% in oleic acid and water content plus impurities less than 2%.

Description

OIL FILTERING SYSTEM AND RESIDUAL FATS

APPLICATION FIELD

This descriptive report refers to the development of a waste oil and fat pretreatment (OGR) equipment, developed to improve the quality and preservation of waste oils, giving them a better added value, including the approval of the quality for biodiesel production, whose specification is as follows: acid content up to 5% oleic acid and water content plus impurities less than 2%.

STATE OF ART

Recycling oils and fats is the most appropriate procedure for treating this type of waste. If simply dumped into the drains, it ends up in the sewage collection pipe. Even if it is derived for treatment plants, not directly launched in the rivers, it does not prevent sewage reflux and clogging caused by grease solidification, resulting in the narrowing of the pipes and their disruption. All this material that is discarded can be reused for soap and biodiesel production.

Several patents mention devices that perform this filtration and separation.

BR 8.300.6257 of LAMB (2003) discloses a filter assembly, particularly for diesel oil and the like, comprising associating a filter assembly, such as a press filter, line filter or the like, to a flange-shaped containment dam disposed under the entire area of the filter assembly. A dam that is part of the filter set and on which it is mounted. Said containment dam with opening and its drainage pipe, it is connected to a water oil separation box or to the buried storage tank of the unfiltered product.

BR 0.801.2350 by DOMENE (2008) shows a collection system and transportation of used lubricating oil for recycling through re-packaging and packaging.

BR 9201.7770 to DIGIL (1992) discloses a process for recycling used or contaminated lubricating oils.

BR 0.202.7305 of LIMA (2002) shows the reuse of vegetable oil and hydrogenated vegetable fat used in frying, no longer serving human consumption and which after an industrialization process acquires anti-corrosion, antioxidant, hydrorepelling, anti-wear and self-sealing characteristics and can be used. in the metal parts and rubbers of vehicles, machines and equipment exposed to aggressive agents and the timeless action.

BR 9,707,4705 to YU (1997) describing a process and apparatus for treating waste oils directed to a process and apparatus for recovering and refining waste oils. The process comprises raising the temperature of a new refuse oil refilling mixture and a recycled non-volatile residue to a range of 400 ° C to 490 ° C for a period sufficient to cause pyrolysis of the heavy but insufficient ditoshydrocarbons contained in the supply mixture. to allow undesirable substantial polymerization, oxidation and dehydrogenation reactions to take place in said supply mixture;

BR 0.801.2350 by DOMENE (2008) shows a collection system and transportation of used lubricating oil for recycling through re-packaging and packaging.

BR 9.201.7770 from DIGILIUM (1992) discloses a process for recycling used or contaminated lubricating oils.BR 0.202.7305 from LIMA (2002) shows the reuse of vegetable oil and hydrogenated vegetable fat used in frying, no longer serving human consumption and that After an industrialization process, it acquires anti-corrosion, antioxidant, water-repellent, anti-wear and self-sealing characteristics. It can be used in metal parts and rubber parts of vehicles, machines and equipment exposed to aggressive agents and the action of time.

PELLY (2004) shows in US 2004/0088294 (2004) a process and apparatus for producing biodiesel fuel, ie alkyl ester, from oil and / or animal.

Other patents that mention the use of oils and fats for biodiesel production are: BR 0.403.140-7 of AGUIAR et al. (2004); BR 0403,530-5 by DALLÓGLIO (2004) and BR 0,602,511-0 by BONAVENTURA (2006).

PROPOSED SOLUTION

Used vegetable oil from residential fried foods, restaurants, pastry shops, etc. contains many solid impurities and hydrogenated and animal fat. Hydrogenated or animal fat solidifies in winter or at lower temperatures, so the oil must be heated before sieving and filtering, even for the complete removal of the bottom from pet bottles or pails, where it remains solidified.

The OGR module consists of a device with oil pre-filtration and receiving table, a collection tank and a final filter for solid impurities separation. The receiving table has a device consisting of a plate with holes for placement of PET bottles for oil depletion, initial filtration screen and hot oil recirculation system to streamline the filtration and depletion of solid fat deposited at the bottom of the containers. This system has four handgrip points to be easily removable for easy periodic cleaning.This oil flows into a receiver tank fitted with electric resistance heating. The temperature is controlled with thermostat. The tapered bottom of this tank makes it possible to decant and remove water.

A multifunctional pump can recirculate the oil during heating so that it is uniform; remove oil from drums or containers and pump to and from mesareceptora, eliminating this manual work; or direct the already heated oil (50 to 60 sC) to the final filter and from it to the filtered oil tank.

The heated oil is pumped through a filter to separate smaller particles. A pressure gauge indicates when the filter element needs cleaning. Normally, the starting pressure is zero and will increase to 1 kg / cm2, which indicates that the filter is clogged and the filter needs to be changed or cleaned. . The recirculation of small oil flow during filtering should be adjusted. The collecting tank has a valve for decanted water drainage. A crystal hose bypass enables the heated oil to circulate on the receiving table or packaging to dissolve solidified fats.

The following components are used in the basic filtration system assembly:

- A receiving table with filtering screen;

- electric heating collector tank with mechanical or digital thermostat;

- Complete electrical panel;

- Single or three phase centrifugal pump;

- Bag filter, with stainless steel filtering screen;

- Filter cover with quick opening and closing device, without screws - The whole set is pre-assembled on a single metal platform, made of carbon steel;

- Adjustable shoes on all feet, optional;

- Valves, fittings, thermometer, pressure gauge;

- The system can be mobile;

- Replacement options: one filter element, one 7KW electrical resistor, five inner O-rings and five cap O-rings.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The characterization of the present patent application is made through drawings of the oil and fat filtration system, allowing full characterization of the functionality of the claimed object.

From the figures is based the descriptive part of the report, through detailed and consecutive numbering, aiming to clearly determine the protection claimed.

In this case we have to:

- Figure 1 shows the proposed filtration system mounted on a carrier structure suitable for handling;

Figure 2 shows important parts separately and;

- Figure 3 shows the structure without the trays and the oil heating box.

The waste oil and fat filtration system comprises a PET grapple depletion holder (1), where these bottles are turned with bottlenecks, allowing the collected oil to drain into a removable tray (2), for primary filtration with perforated plate 200 to 1000 microns (15); This movable tray is arranged on a fixed pre-filtered oil collecting tray (3), and the fixed tray (3) is integrally attached to the vegetable or fat heating box (5), and is provided with a removable lid (4) that completely closes the tray. case (5) avoiding hazards by the heated oil, where the heating of the oil is by means of electrical resistance (6), or steam coil (not shown), containing this box (5) a drained water drain (7) and drain for box depletion; The oil inside the case is moved by means of a single-phase three-phase motor pump (9), with a hose connection (8) to remove oil from drums and drums, where this connection is connected to the case (5) and another optional connection ( 13) for emptying the box (5); where at the top of the pump there is another hose, this one with connection (12) for recirculating oil on the tray (2), or for sending the oil from the pumps (8) to the primary filtration table; and also having a complete electrical panel (14).

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Claims (2)

1. - RESIDUAI OIL AND FAT FILTERING SYSTEM, characterized by the fact that it comprises a PET grapple holder (1), where these bottles are turned upside down, allowing the collected oil to drain into a removable tray (2), for primary filtration with perforated plate between 200 and 1000 microns (15); This movable tray is arranged on a pre-filtered oil fixing tray (3), the fixed tray (3) being integral with the vegetable oil or fat heating box (5), which has a removable lid (4) that completely closes the tray. box (5) avoiding hazards by the heated oil, where heating of the oil is by means of electrical resistance (6), or steam coil (not shown), containing this box (5) a decanted water drain (7) and drain the oil inside the box is moved by means of a three-phase motor pump (9), with a hose connection (8) to remove oil from pumps and drums, where this connection is connected to the box (5). ) and another optional connection (13) for emptying the box (5); where the top of the pump has another hose, this one with connection (12) for recirculating oil on the tray (2), or to send the oil from the pumps (8) to the primary filtering tray; and also counting common complete electrical panel (14).