BR112021015164B1 - EQUIPMENT FOR THE ELIMINATION OF PLAGUES IN THE SOIL - Google Patents

Abstract

EQUIPMENT FOR THE ELIMINATION OF PLAGUES IN THE SOIL. Comprising equipment coupled to a means of traction, having means of turning over the soil, mats, heating systems by means of diesel burners, disaggregator and dumper, and said equipment is intended to eliminate pests and weeds from the soil by continuously heating the soil to approximately 350°C.

Description

Application field

[001] The present invention is inserted in the segment of agricultural devices, in particular aimed at soil treatment and refers to equipment for eliminating soil pests, reducing the use of pesticides, herbicides and fungicides to control weeds weeds, fungi and microorganisms.

Description of the State of the Art

[002] Pest control in agriculture is something that demands a lot of resources, and, in addition to being costly, the extensive use of agricultural pesticides poses a risk to the environment, affects the health of people who work in agriculture and can have a huge impact on the environment. final costumer.

[003] With the popularization of organic foods, agriculture has basically followed two paths: that of so-called organic foods, which need to meet strict standards regarding the non-use of agricultural pesticides, certain types of fertilizers, etc., and that of other foods , which present, in general, a wide use of agricultural pesticides.

[004] Equipment such as those presented in documents US5098481, US5275507 and US6464430, despite not having been designed for the elimination of pests in the soil through heating, could be applied for such a function; however, they do not have adequate mobility and still need the means to dig the soil and feed the equipment.

[005] In this way, the state of the art would clearly benefit from the introduction of equipment that would allow the elimination of soil pests, minimizing the use of pesticides.

Brief Description of the Invention

[006] The present invention brings equipment for soil treatment that, by heating the soil, eliminates or reduces the need to use agricultural pesticides to control weeds, fungi, nematodes and microorganisms.

[007] An objective of the present invention is to promote the elimination of microorganisms, weeds and other pests present in the soil through its heating.

[008] Another objective of the present invention is to minimize or eliminate the use of pesticides, herbicides and fungicides or pest control, in agriculture or in other segments, both commercial or industrial, that require soil heating.

[009] For this, said invention comprises a traction system, means for turning the soil, a feeding mat, a preheating system, a heating system, a disaggregator, a deposition mat and deposition means.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[010] The subject matter of this Invention will be completely clear in its technical aspects from the detailed description that will be made based on the figures listed below, in which: - figure 1 shows a schematic drawing of the equipment for eliminating pests in the soil.

Detailed Description of the Invention

[011] The present invention presents the "EQUIPMENT FOR THE ELIMINATION OF PLAGUES IN THE SOIL" consisting of equipment (E) for the elimination of weeds, fungi and microorganisms comprising a traction system, means for turning the soil, a mat feed (2), a preheating system (4), a heating system (5), a disaggregator (6), a deposition mat (8), deposition means and means for activating the moving parts.

[012] As a means of turning the soil, a rotary hoe (1) can be used, or another excavator-conveyor tool, located in the lower front portion of the equipment (E), in contact with the soil, said rotary hoe ( 1) composed of shovels, capable of penetrating from 20 to 30 centimeters in the soil, digging and turning it, pulverizing and throwing the earth to the feeding mat (2) through its circular movement around its own axis, attributing centrifugal speed to the ground. Said feeding mat (2) is in an inclined position forming an angle close to 35° in relation to the ground, in such a way that it transports the earth, launched by the rotary hoe (1), upwards, to the top, in the system of heating (5), through a continuous counterclockwise movement.

[013] The feed mat (2) has a metal surface, preferably made of special SAC 300 sheet. Around the feed mat (2) there is a preheating chamber (3) which is closed to prevent air from heated to disperse into the atmosphere.

[014] On the feeding mat (2), in its initial portion, is the preheating system (4), which drives hot air into the preheating chamber (3) through which the transported earth passes by the feeding conveyor (2). The preheating system (4) comprises a fuel burner, preferably diesel oil, and air induction means, preferably fans, capable of introducing an air volume of up to one hundred and twenty m3/min into the preheating chamber. -heating (3).

[015] Said feed mat (2) dumps the earth over the disaggregator (6), which breaks any blocks of earth or clods that are being transported, with the aim of improving the heat exchange of said earth in the heating stage , said disaggregator (6) being located next to the heating system (5), just below the upper portion of the feeding belt (2). The disaggregator (6) has two concentric blades, one external and the other internal, in which the external one, through its rotation, directs the earth to the internal shovel, dissolving the possible clods and homogenizing it.

[016] The heating system (5) comprises a fuel burner, preferably diesel, and air induction means, preferably fans, capable of introducing an air volume of up to one hundred and twenty m3/min into the heating chamber (7).

[017] The earth, after passing through the disaggregator (6), passes by gravity through the heating chamber (7), where means for air circulation (9), preferably a dumper, located at the outlet of the heating system ( 5), cause turbulence in the air flow and a correction in the contact angle with the earth/air, promoting better heat exchange between the earth and the hot air in the heating chamber (7).

[018] The earth is then deposited on the return conveyor (8) that transports the earth towards the front of the equipment (E) where the earth falls into a tray and is pushed by the return conveyor itself (8) to the rear part of the equipment (E), where the deposition hoe (10) is located. The return mat (8) is inside the heating chamber (7) to reduce the loss of hot air to the atmosphere.

[019] Said return mat (8) has a metal surface, preferably built in special SAC 300 plate, in order to absorb part of the heat present in the heating chamber (7) and transfer it to the lower portion of the earth , performing a homogeneous heating of the same.

[020] The equipment (E) is connected through a coupling system (11) to a means of traction, which can be a tractor, agricultural equipment or the like. Said means of traction develops a speed between one and eight km/h. Equipment (E) can also be self-propelled.

[021] The rotary hoe (1) is activated by torque provided by the traction means of the equipment (E) or by a specific engine.

[022] The other mobile mechanisms can be driven preferably by internal combustion engines (12), preferably powered by diesel oil, and electric motors can be used, driven by a hydraulic pump or electric generator, coupled internally.

[023] All moving parts of the equipment (E) have speed control, as well as the burners have fuel flow and temperature controls.

[024] In order to reuse the heat generated by the internal combustion engine (12), the air used in preheating can be transferred from the engine compartment (14) to the preheating system (4) through an internal combustion engine air reuser (12), preferably an extractor. In the heating system (5) a preheating air reuser (16) can be used, which transfers the air from the upper part of the preheating chamber (3) to the heating system (5), which is preferably an exhaust fan.

[025] The equipment (E) has its own fuel tank to feed the burners and proper insulation on its walls, since its internal temperature can reach up to 350 °C.

[026] The great advantage of the equipment (E) is that it eliminates both unwanted microorganisms and possible weeds from the soil by heating it, in an extremely effective way, without the need to use pesticides, herbicides, etc. .

[027] Another advantage of the equipment (E) is that it also comprises a deposition hoe (10) which allows, in addition to returning the land to the soil in a favorable condition, it also allows fertilizers to be mixed with the heated soil before it returns to the ground.

Claims (17)

1. "EQUIPMENT FOR THE ELIMINATION OF PLAGUES IN THE SOIL", coupled to a traction or self-propelled system and provided with means to revolve the soil, characterized by the fact that it presents an equipment (E), comprising a rotary hoe (1) in its lower front portion, in contact with the ground; a feeding mat (2), inclined; a preheating chamber (3) around the feeding belt (2); a preheating system (4), located in the initial portion of the feeding conveyor (2); a heating system (5); a disaggregator (6); a heating chamber (7); a return mat (8) and a deposition hoe (10). 2. "EQUIPMENT", according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary hoe (1) is composed of blades that revolve and pulverize the earth, so that the rotary hoe (1) penetrates the soil up to 25 cm and feeds the feed mat (2) with earth. 3. "EQUIPMENT", according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the feeding conveyor (2) has an inclination close to 35° in relation to the ground, has a metal surface preferably built in a special sac300 plate, pours the earth over the breaker (6) and lead the earth to the heating system (5). 4. "EQUIPMENT", according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the preheating chamber (3) is closed. 5. "EQUIPMENT", according to claim 1, characterized in that the preheating system (4) comprises a fuel burner and an air induction medium, in which the fuel burner is preferably diesel and the air induction means is preferably a fan. 6. "EQUIPMENT", according to claim 1, characterized in that the disaggregator is located next to the heating system (5), below the upper portion of the feeding mat (2), so that the earth leaves the breaker (6) and enters the heating chamber (7) by gravity. 7. "EQUIPMENT", according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating system (5) comprises a fuel burner and an air induction medium, in which the fuel burner is preferably diesel and the medium air induction is preferably a fan. 8. "EQUIPMENT", according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that at the outlet of the heating system (5) there is at least one means for air circulation (9), which is, preferably, a dumper. 9. "EQUIPMENT", according to claims 1 and 6, characterized in that the heating chamber contains a return mat (8) inside, which has a metallic tray below it, in order to deposit the land under the metallic tray, in which the return conveyor (8) is made of metallic material, preferably in a special sac300 plate. 10. "EQUIPMENT", according to claims 1 and 9, characterized in that the return mat (8) pushes the earth deposited in the metal tray to the outer portion of the equipment (E), directly on the ground or deposits the earth under a deposition hoe (10), which is located in the external portion of the equipment (E). 11. "EQUIPMENT", according to claim 1, characterized in that the equipment (E) is coupled to a traction system that develops a speed between 1 and 8 km/h, the traction system being preferably a tractor or an agricultural machine. 12. "EQUIPMENT", according to claims 1, 2 and 10, characterized in that the rotary hoe (1) and the deposition hoe (10) are powered by the power take-off of the traction system or by its own electric motor . 13. "EQUIPMENT", according to claim 1, characterized in that it has an internal combustion engine (12) or an electric motor to move the feeding conveyor (2), the return conveyor (8), the means air circulation system (9), the disaggregator (6) and the fans. 14. "EQUIPMENT", according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that the internal combustion engine (12) is located in the engine compartment (14), which has an air reclaimer, which is preferably a hood. 15. "EQUIPMENT", according to claim 14, characterized by the fact that the engine compartment air reuser (14) induces the engine compartment air (14) to the preheating system (4). 16. "EQUIPMENT", according to claims 1 and 7, characterized in that the heating system (5) has a pre-heating air reuser (16). 17. "EQUIPMENT", according to claim 16, characterized in that the preheating air reuser (16) induces air from the upper part of the preheating chamber (3) to the heating system (5) .

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