BR102017012162B1 - CASSAVA STARTER IMPLEMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

CASSAVA STARTER IMPLEMENT. Agricultural implement of the type attachable to a conventional tractor for harvesting cassava, comprising a chassis (1) interconnected with a rear structure (6), this set being supported on directional wheels (7), while on the upper side it has a storage and circulation unit for hydraulic oil (8), walkway (9) with guardrail (10) and access ladder (11), and on the front of the chassis (1) there is a coupling boom (12), a pivoting header ( 13), a drive assembly (14), a shear separator (15) and a fluffing device (16); after the latter there are two starter carts (17), a lifting device (18) and two unpinners (19), the latter positioned above a double discharge chute (20) and an intermediate conveyor belt (21) that ends at the entrance of a vertical lift (22), the outlet of which is positioned on an upper belt (25) arranged between two workstations (26) and above a tilting bag platform (27) and respective bag release device (28) (B) .

Description

Field of Invention.

[01] The present invention refers to an agricultural implement specially designed to perform several operations: a) separate the lines to be harvested by means of a cutting front in the form of a disk, responsible for separating or cutting possible branches tangled between a line and another is to avoid bushing (entanglement) of branches in front of the implement; b) unpacking or loosening the soil below the roots (cassava) of the plant, preparing it for the next phase; c) uprooting or digging up the manioc (harvesting) by pulling them by their stems; d) carry out a pre-cleaning of the plants, removing the remaining soil; e) automatically unpink the plant, separating its roots from each other and from the cuttings; f) perform the separation of roots and cuttings automatically; g) discard the stakes directly on the ground and compact them with the machine's own wheels; h) driving the roots (cassava) on a conveyor belt to a vertical elevator and, at the same time, another phase of cleaning or removal of the remaining soil takes place; i) displacement of the roots to a second, higher mat positioned between two workstations, where at least one operator performs the final quality control of the harvested cassava, removing unwanted parts; j) automatic conveyance of the clean roots to the bagging unit in a bag positioned at the rear of the machine; and k) unloading the filled bag directly onto the ground for its subsequent collection by known means.

[02] The present implement is a type machine classified as trailing with means to be coupled to a conventional tractor and to be driven by its power take-off and its hydraulic pump. The machine has several sets driven by hydraulic engines and pistons, consequently, all of them are properly connected to a control center existing in one of the workstations and in other known controls existing inside the tractor's cabin.

State of the technique.

[03] Currently there is a considerable variety of machines with resources to uproot and harvest cassava and other similar roots, such as those taught in the following documents: BRPI9103563 - 08/16/1991 - Manual cassava harvester, based on the lever principle, or that is, at the end of the lever a support formed of a circular tube whose shape is similar to a parabola will be welded, in this same support the shoes are welded at the ends whose function is to prevent the support from sinking into the ground the fork is fitted to the lever whose function is to hold the cassava stem and position the leverage point and, finally, we find a limiter that will prevent the fork from running freely over the lever from one end to the other, in addition to preventing the fork from getting lost. BRPI9104013 - 09/13/1991 - Cassava puller, comprising a support chassis with coupling for coupling to an agricultural tractor, a slightly pointed lower blade attached to the support chassis, a conveyor belt for transporting cassava out of the ground, attached together with the lower blade and the supporting chassis, mounted on axles with bearings, activated with the tractor's power take-off, which drives an axle which, through belts and pulleys, activates a speed reducer, in turn this through gears and chain drives the conveyor belt, it also has two wheels with tires to support and regulate the desired depth on the ground, the implement is coupled to a tractor that, through the power take-off, drives an axle which, through belts and pulleys, drives a speed reducer that when At the same time, it drives the conveyor belt that transports the cassava to the surface of the earth through chains and gears, the tractor drags the implement, which is tilted by its blade. nothing and pointy goes deeper under the ground until the height regulated by the tires, the blade and the mat go under the cassava plants making them release themselves from the ground and come to the surface; BRMU7800059 - 02/26/1998 - Cassava harvester and utilization system with manual aid for collecting and removing the roots, comprising a laterally positioned lifting conveyor used by trucks, front conveyor, side conveyor, rear conveyor, front rubber belt flat, of the front track, stainless steel beehive type track of the side track, flat rubber beehive with steel flights of the rear track, support rods of the third track, structure in steel 1020, side flaps in steel plates, tractor pulling trailer, work direction point, second direction position of material movement personnel on the second conveyor, third team directing position on the sieving and screen side belt, initial collection team from floor to conveyor, roots of sieved cassava, elements of the hydraulic control system of the mats, lifting support shaft of the third and last pick-up hydraulic lifting conveyor, tractor PTO point (about 300 RPM revolutions per minute), cardan location point, pump that controls the hydraulics, oil tank, return oil cleaning filter, motor, connecting hoses, quick couplers, splice points, "T", flow control valve, relief valve, side track motor, flow control lever (plus or minus rotation), tail lift motor, track rear elevator with greater number of flights, with lift conveyor spout, with sieve and deflector; BRMU7901830 - 08/26/1999 - Cassava and other plants pulling device, comprising a metallic structure equipped with wheels for displacement and transport, carrying a set of forks arranged close to the wheels, equipped with a gripping movement and activated by a lever placed on the upper part of the car, the device's operation is based on the principle of the lever arm with the placement of the support point close to the point where the force is applied, using the metallic structure as a lever; BRPI0000729 - 03/01/2000 - Mechanical equipment for the extraction of cassava and other tubers, consisting of a machine specially designed and developed to remove cassava and other tubers, it has a series of components among which we can highlight the double metallic chassis, oscillator, knives for removal and cutting, hydraulic motor, disc and serrated cutting, wheels, safety device and vibrating rods, and in turn, the oscillator device is formed by bearings, retainers, suits, connecting rod, rotation regulator, regulators height and others necessary for the correct functioning of the Equipment, all components that come into contact with the ground, wheels, machetes, rods and self-sharpening disc, have height adjustment devices, which facilitate its use in any type of soil , as well as removing other crops such as potatoes, turnips, carrots and other tubers, noting that to remove these tubers , it is only necessary to replace the vibrating rods, which are dimensioned in spacing and length according to the type of cultivation; BRPI0004841 - 09/14/2000 - Harvester with belt/chain principle for one, two or more lines of cassava or other roots and tubers, comprising chassis, fluffing nozzle, support base for the puller body, safety device against foreign bodies, device for adjusting the inclination of the fluff nozzle, plucking bodies, device for adjusting the plucking bodies where the equipment works in all types of soil and also in very dry, compacted or clayey (soft) soils, the operating principle is "digging and pull", coupled to the third point of the tractor, the machine passes with a fluffing nozzle below the root of the plant and then holds the rods between two belts or rotating chains, which form the pulling bodies, the machine has a chassis of harvester, carrying the fluffing beak with the blade, the column with two spines to hold the plucking bodies and, still, it can have a set of two parallel machines, if rcoming to four planting streets, or more streets and the distance between two puller bodies is regulated according to the spacing between the crop rows, the puller bodies are flexible, to automatically adapt to the irregularities of the crop and the planting streets, the belts guide the plant vertically by means of the adjustable inclination, defined as a device for adjusting the pulling bodies, imitating the human movement of extracting the root, at the end of the pulling bodies, the plant can be deposited on the ground or transferred to other means of transport, storage or, where appropriate, classification, the puller body belts are driven by hydraulic motors, the power take-off or other traction means that allow synchronized work and an adjustable rotation, adapted to the real speed of the tractor, with which the root is removed exactly in the vertical position, at the end of the pulling bodies, the root will be deposited on the same point and m that was pulled out and the puffer nozzle has a safety device against foreign bodies, the inclination of the puffer nozzle is also adjustable by a hydraulic piston defined as a device for adjusting the inclination of the puffer nozzle, at the third point of the tractor, the nozzle design The puffer can have teeth, the blade straight, in the shape of a duck foot or with vertical or horizontal curvature, according to the requirements of the harvesting area, the great advantage of the new principle is in the simplification of activities, thus, the working speed can be be larger than in manual harvesting, in addition, the structure and weight of the machine can be dimensioned based on the weight of the plant and not as a function of sifting the earth with remains of branches and previous plantations not yet decomposed; BRPI0100915 - 01/17/2001 - Cassava harvester set, with bagging equipment and uninterrupted work, comprising cutting blade, fluff support rod, integrated with fluff grid, separator rotor, orbital hydraulic motor "A", elevator, "B" orbital hydraulic motor, elevator angle beam, forks, elevator grille adjustable to any measure, conveyor belt, "C" orbital hydraulic motor, dirty line conveyor drive, dirty line side conveyor, clean line conveyor, center trough, Orbital hydraulic motor "D" drive belt clean line, container with big bags, clothesline, platform for the unpinner workers, hydraulic lift arm of the tractor, header of the combine, hydraulic oil reservoir, hitch pin of the header, nut of the rocker arm , swivel axle, main frame, tandem clamp, tandem pin clamp, piston pin, piston clamp, service platform d load operator, roller drive gear, chain, rotor drive gear, chain coupling, roller drive gear/orbital hydraulic motor, unscrewed rotor fingers, elevator chain, elevator drive shaft, roller bearing, conveyor fastening, grid fixing transoms, elevator drive gear, conveyor belt shaft, gutter and runner guide clean cassava, protection plate, clean conveyor grid, clean conveyor belt transom, conveyor belt chain, grate, dirty line conveyor crossbeam, flange and bearing set, dirty line conveyor drive shaft, protection plate and guide side aisle dirty cassava, support table for workers to remove the cassava, puller finger, hydraulic motor support, hydraulic piston with independent drive, rocker arm, axle, wheel hub, tire, rocker axle, gears, chain hydraulic motor, tandem, track support, dirty line track grid, winch trailer, track cover; BRPI0501858 - 03/10/2005 - Constructive disposition applied in cassava harvester and similar machines; whose function is to harvest the product, where cassava or similar is removed from the ground, being then conducted to the predefined unloading system through the sieving belt, conveyor belt and manual separation belt, so that the harvested product is conducted to its destination, without any type of damage to the root or tuber; BRMU8501654 - 08/15/2005 - Provision introduced in cassava harvester, cleaner and rake equipment, of the type that can be attached to the third point of the tractor, which through its PTO transmits driving force through pulleys, belts, gears and chains, capable of fluffing the cassava root using a V-shaped knife in two planting lines, also having an ascending grid that facilitates the forwarding of the harvested product to a posterior rotating belt, with side fenders, formed by rulers and U-shaped fingers, which in turn pull, without offending the product, in an equally ascending direction, cleaning it of excess soil, which at the end of said mat is thrown by gravity to a pair of windrowers that arrange it in an organized way on the ground, ready to be used. collected and transported; BRPI1004368 - 11/25/2010 - Cassava harvesting machine, with chassis characterized by the structure of the machine fixed to the wheels that pull two pairs of chains to forward the stalks to the four pairs of saws, by two waiting tanks, by a pair of mats , by a storage tank, by a crusher, by a winch and an operating platform; BR202012009552 - 23/04/2012 - Cassava harvesting machine, based entirely on its simple and robust structure with a minimum of components and extremely simplified safe operation and, combined with practical manufacturing procedures, in order to generate an efficient harvester capable of make the harvesting of tubers directly in the field fully mechanized, that is, the harvester, while passing over the planted soil, sequentially cuts the stem of the tubers, with four discs mounted in the longitudinal direction, thus facilitating a path for the machine to enter the soil , where scarifiers leads to the roots where the mats are, directing the same roots to an elevator where it deposits on a mat that carries the deposit and is stored until the load is complete, after this operation the compost is opened and through a conveyor belt is thrown onto a truck; BR102012027162 - 10/23/2012 - Cassava peeling machine in general, with its own specific structure of the automated mechanical type towed frontally by a towing vehicle and based on an inferior-medial knife activated by sensors and pneumatic piston, with a view to enabling in an extremely practical, safe and precise way, a complete optimization in the set of procedures destined to the automated separation of cassava, at the back of the branches, their stumps or branches, at the front of the branches, directly in the field and, based on a machine depinner with great resistance, safety and versatility, easily adaptable to a wide range of tubers, terrains, locations and users in general; BR102012028476 - 11/07/2012 - continuous harvester of cassava roots with a system of harvesting/separation of the stump, where the equipment is pulled by coupling to the tractor in the drag or hydraulic system in the third point, actuation and transfer of mechanical torque through the power take-off (tractor) of all categories - by subsequent carding in the harvester, together with the coupling of hydraulic hoses for hydraulic power transfer, where the harvester has rear wheels with hydraulic cylinders to lift the chassis for transport; where the harvest of cassava roots is obtained by the continuous driving traction of the tractor, with the total recoil of the rear wheels already lowered with the activation of the harvester system by hydraulic cylinders of the harvester in the front part for penetration and advance into the soil under the plant in the line, channeling them through blades, penetration nozzles, rods and side protections to raise the total sliced volume (plant with roots, soil and dirt), passing between the cassava streets, which can be between two lines or more ; BR102013020952 - 08/06/2013 - Fully mechanical cassava harvester, defined by the conveyor belt, hydraulic motor, transmission shaft, toothed crown, structural base, gear and the despinicadora; BR10201402665 - 02/03/2014 - Cassava peeling machine in general, with its own and specific structure of the type towed in the front, with hydraulic system and based on a belt traction set and a knife cutting set structured on a chassis, with views to allow, in an extremely practical, safe and precise way, a complete optimization in the set of procedures destined to the automated separation of cassava from their vines or branches, in the anterior part of the branches, directly in the harvest field and, based on a great resistance, safety and versatility, easily adaptable to a wide range of tubers, terrains, locations and users in general; BR102017000210 - 01/05/2017 - CASSAVA HARVESTER, of the type classified as trailed with means to be coupled to a conventional tractor and to be driven by its hydraulic pump, comprising a transverse chassis, having its median anterior side with coupling means to the three-point hitch system of a conventional tractor, as well as a work station and an upper structural complement in the form of a header, below which there is a double wheel and above this, said header features means for articulated coupling of the upper rear end of a cassava pulling cart, whose lower end is equipped with a simple side wheel and respective height adjustment device, while its upper end ends on a conveyor belt, also transverse, that extends over the transverse chassis and ends on a cubic-shaped compartment whose base is defined by a sliding board supporting the bag loading and unloading full bag.

[04] As can be seen from the above, there is currently a considerable variety of machines for harvesting different tubers, mainly cassava. Such machines, in general, add resources to serve small, medium and large producers, however, when it comes to small and medium producers, it is important that the machine meets different requirements, particularly with regard to the versatility of the equipment at the time of to couple it to a tractor, which really must be considered so that the set can work advantageously in simple tractors, which does not occur with conventional equipment. On the other hand, another important factor for small and medium producers is the cost of the set and the functional aspects, that is, the equipment must be efficient to be put into operation by only one operator.

[05] It was also noted that conventional equipment was not designed to define compact implements with means for the tractor driver to have accurate views of the row of plants to be harvested.

[06] Conventional equipment also does not explore an ergonomic arrangement of the different sets that make up the machine. They are usually arranged in a linear sequence and, consequently, define long, heavy and difficult-to-manoeuvre implements.

[07] On the other hand, conventional implements specially created for small and medium producers usually harvest and process only one row of plants at a time, making the process substantially slower.

[08] It is also worth noting the fact that conventional implements of the same size are devoid of their own means so that the set can undergo small maneuvers or maneuverability with sufficient change of direction to increase the efficiency of the harvest, that is, for the implement can avoid obstacles and so that your harvester cart can be easily kept in line with the line of plants. This deficiency fluctuates the harvesting speed and considerably reduces production, since it is not possible to maintain a constant speed in the operation of the set.

Objectives of the Invention.

[09] Defining a simple agricultural machine capable of uprooting and processing cassava accurately in two rows of plants at a time, consequently, doubles production when compared to a machine of the same size with the means to harvest one row at a time, the which is very advantageous for small and medium producers.

[10] Define an ergonomic arrangement and a suitable layout for sequential assembly of all sets involved in harvesting (pulling out), cleaning, unpinning (separation of roots and cuttings) and bagging, in order to characterize a compact and easy-to-handle implement .

[11] Define an "articulated" implement in two parts, in which the first comprises the entire front of the machine, having the boom for coupling to the tractor and a median structure for mounting the carts harvesters or plant starters. This entire set is articulated in front of a chassis which, in turn, in addition to receiving all the other sets of the machine, is also mounted on a directional wheel, that is, a wheel with a hydraulic mechanism for drivability. With such characteristics, the implement allows the work front to be angularly changed according to the needs of the harvesting site. It also allows you to keep the starter carts always perfectly aligned with the two rows of plants. The steering of the wheels provides independent means so that the set can also undergo changes of direction according to the needs of the harvesting site. Thus, we can say then that the implement is moderately articulated and drivable independently of the tractor, consequently, such features significantly increase harvesting speed and work efficiency.

[12] Another objective of the implement is to provide a structure in three basic parts, namely: Chassis, rear structure and front structure, the latter is an angled hitch lance, almost hooked, with its front end angularly pointed downwards and, at this end, three devices are arranged, the first of which is a cardan shaft transmission which, on the one hand, is attachable to the power take-off of a conventional tractor and, on the opposite or rear end, drives an oil pump that drives all the implement hydraulic motors.

[13] Below the aforementioned cardan there is a cutting disc separating the vegetation or branches that rise above the ground and cross from one row of plants to the other adjacent and its function is to open a path between the rows of plants and avoid tangling (budding) in the front region of the machine as it advances between the two rows of plants to be harvested.

[14] Just behind the cutting disc and in a much lower position, there is a fluffing device in the form of a small delta wing, which in reality is a true cutting blade, with a leading edge oriented to plunge into the soil to a depth sufficient to position itself immediately below the roots of the plants (cassavas) of the two rows and, in this position, said cutting wing presents an angle that, although small, is sufficient to push up the two clumps of adjacent plants ( one next to the other of two lines) and the entire volume of earth that surrounds it, preparing it for the next phase of uprooting.

[15] Under the hitch boom, there are two puller units, positioned in parallel, both in the form of inclined mats, whose front and lower ends are aligned, each one, in a line of cassava to be pulled out by their stems.

[16] The hitch boom and puller units have their higher rear ends pivotally coupled to the midframe.

[17] The coupling of the hitch lance is done in a peculiar way, because, at this point, said lance is actuated by a lateral hydraulic cylinder, which allows angular movement to the sides of said hitch lance, making its fine adjustment possible. for perfect alignment with the cassava lines to be harvested.

[18] The linkages of the puller units are made to allow their front end to swing up and down and follow the ground level.

[19] The aforementioned articulations are also carried out so that the entire working front of the machine can be lifted by a hydraulic cylinder, putting the whole set in position when the implement is out of operation, which facilitates its transfer outside the harvesting area. .

[20] At the end and under the upper ends of the digging units are mounted despinicadores, which cut and separate the roots (cassava) from the cuttings. And in this region, inside the chassis, there is a kind of gutter and a conveyor belt, the gutters receive the stakes and lead them out of the machine, dropping them by free fall on the ground and in the anterior region of the wheels to be compacted, while the roots (cassava) fall on the mat and are taken to a vertical elevator which, in turn, is mounted on the rear structure supported on the directional wheel.

[21] The rear structure also includes an exit mat, two workstations and a bagging mechanism for harvested cassava.

[22] The output mat is longitudinally positioned between the two workstations and, thus, the cassava on this mat undergo a final quality control carried out by the two operators, separating unwanted parts, so that the selected cassavas can fall by free fall inside a bag which, once it is full, is simply tilted by a mechanism and slides out until it is on the ground to be collected later.

[23] Therefore, it is observed that all the subassemblies of the machine are assembled along its longitudinal line, featuring a compact shape that speeds up its coupling to the tractor, as well as facilitating the movement of the assembly in the field and also when it is not in use. operation.

[24] Finally, the compact shape of the set made it possible to considerably reduce its weight, consequently, a marked reduction in the final cost of the set was also possible, making it ideal for small and medium producers.

Description of drawings.

[25] For a better understanding of the present invention, a detailed description of the same is given below, with reference to the attached drawings: FIGURE 1 represents a left side view of the fully assembled implement; FIGURE 2 shows a top view of the implement with the cut indication "A-A"; FIGURE 3 illustrates a sectional view "A-A" indicated in the previous figure; FIGURE 4 shows the implement according to an anterosuperior left isometric view, also showing the set fully assembled; FIGURE 5 shows the implement according to an anteroinferior right isometric view also of the fully assembled set; FIGURE 6 represents the implement according to a posterosuperior left isometric view; FIGURE 7 shows the implement according to a posteroinferior right isometric view; FIGURE 8 shows an enlarged detail of the section shown in figure 3 and an enlarged detail in postero-superior perspective of the implement chassis only; FIGURE 9 represents a left side elevation view of the mounted implement and an anterosuperior perspective detail of the chassis only; FIGURE 10 shows an isometric view at a lower angle of the chassis only and an enlarged detail of the same; FIGURE 11 illustrates two details enlarged in perspective, one at a lower angle and another at a higher angle, highlighting the directional rolling of the implement; FIGURE 12 represents enlarged details, both at a lower angle, showing other constructive details of the directional rolling; FIGURE 13 illustrates an isometric view at an anterosuperior angle of the implement and an enlarged detail highlighting the hydraulic oil storage and circulation unit; FIGURE 14 shows a posterosuperior isometric view of the implement and an enlarged detail at the same angle, also highlighting the hydraulic oil storage and circulation unit; FIGURE 15 is an enlarged anterosuperior perspective detail showing the front of the machine; FIGURE 16 represents an enlarged detail showing the hitch lance at an anterosuperior angle and its hinged attachment to the chassis; FIGURE 17 is an enlarged detail showing the hitch boom at an anteroinferior angle, also highlighting its constructive details and the articulation between it and the chassis; FIGURE 18 shows two enlarged details, both in perspective, showing the details of the pivoting header where the drive assembly, the cutting disc assembly and the fluff assembly are mounted; FIGURE 19 represents other details enlarged also in isometric views with different angles, showing other details of the pivoting header; FIGURE 20 shows a detail in a partially sectional side view, including an enlarged detail of that same view, showing the pivoting header with the drive assembly by cardan shaft and hydraulic pump; FIGURE 21 illustrates an enlarged detail in an isometric view of the front of the machine and a detail also in an enlarged isometric view, highlighting the separator by cutting disc; FIGURE 22 represents a partial view showing a front section of the machine in posterosuperior angle, together with two other enlarged details, one in an isometric view and the other in a side view, all highlighting the separator by cutting disc; FIGURE 23 illustrates an enlarged detail and in exploded perspective, highlighting the drive assembly by cardan shaft, the separator by cutting disk and the fluffing device; FIGURE 24 shows an enlarged detail according to a partially sectional side view; highlighting the devices shown in the previous figure; FIGURE 25 shows three enlarged details, one in perspective highlighting only the front region of the machine; a perspective view of only one of the starter carts and a cross-sectional detail of said starter cart; FIGURE 26 represents two enlarged details, one of which is the starter cart seen at a lower angle; FIGURE 27 shows two enlarged details, both in perspective, highlighting the external and internal constructive details of the transmission box mounted on the upper end of each starter cart; FIGURE 28 shows a top angled view of one of the puller carts and two enlarged details of the same view highlighting the puller belt; FIGURE 29 also represents an upper angle perspective of one of the starter carts, however, showing two other enlarged details of the same view, highlighting the guide devices; FIGURE 30, in the same way as the previous figure, represents an upper angle perspective of one of the starter carts, however, showing another enlarged detail of the same view and, in this case, it shows another guide device; FIGURE 31 also illustrates a top view of one of the starter carts, however, showing another enlarged detail different from the same view and, in this case, shows another guide device; FIGURE 32 to 34 also illustrate top angled views of one of the starter carts and enlarged details showing its gripper guide device; FIGURE 35 shows two isometric views, one corresponds only to the front part of the machine, while the other shows the starter carts and part of the structure, highlighting the lifting set of said carts, which lifter assembly places the aforementioned starter carts in an elevated position when the implement is out of operation; FIGURE 36 is an enlarged detail of the previous figure showing the elevator assembly at a posterosuperior angle; FIGURE 37 shows the implement according to a partially cut side view and an enlarged detail of the same, highlighting the despinner; FIGURES 38 are partial perspectives showing a first detail enlarged according to a lower angle perspective, highlighting the despinner assembly mounted under the upper end of the starter trolley, this detail being repeated at an upper angle and in this detail the despinner is exploded ; FIGURES 39 to 42 show the same details of figure 38, however, at different angles, highlighting other constructive details of the despinicador; FIGURE 43 represent, respectively, a side view and a front view, the latter corresponding to a cross-section indicated in the first view, showing only the despinner; FIGURE 44 represents, respectively, a front view and a side view in section, the latter corresponding to the section indicated in the first view, also showing only the despinner; FIGURE 45 shows a side view of the machine and an enlarged detail of the same view, showing the double discharge chute, that is, the stems; FIGURE 46 shows a posterosuperior isometric view of the machine with one of the wheels exploded and an enlarged detail of the structure showing the double discharge chute of the previous figure; FIGURE 47 is a view of the implement showing an enlarged detail in longitudinal section and an enlarged view of the structure only with the elevator and the two tracks; FIGURES 49 to 51 are various enlarged details, some in section and some in perspective, showing the details of the intermediate belt; FIGURES 52 to 55 show various details enlarged, some in section and some in perspective, showing details of the vertical lift; FIGURES 56 to 59 represent an angled perspective of the machine and various isometric details, exploded and in cross section, showing the constructive details of the upper belt; FIGURES 60 to 64 show a rear angled perspective of the machine and various isometric details, exploded and in cross section, showing the constructive details of the workstations; FIGURE 65 represents a perspective at a rear angle of the machine and an enlarged detail of the same, highlighting the bagging platform; FIGURES 66 to 69 show several enlarged details, all in perspective, highlighting the bagging platform; and FIGURES 70 to 73 show various enlarged details, all in perspective, highlighting the bag release device.

Detailed description of the invention.

[26] According to these illustrations and their details, more particularly figures from 1 to 7, the present invention, IMPLEMENTO RRANCATOR DE CASSAVA, is characterized by the fact that it comprises: - chassis (1), on two floors, a lower (2) and an upper one (3), of the same width, both lagged, with the upper one shifted forward and the other shifted back, forming two inclined sides, one frontal (4) and one posterior (5); - posterior complementary structure (6) jointly coupled in continuity to the lower floor (2) of the chassis (1); - directional rolling (7) which constitutes transversal support for the posterior complementary structure (6) and all components added to it; - hydraulic oil storage and circulation unit (8) mounted transversely on the upper floor (3), occupying its transverse half; - walkway (9) with guardrail (10) and access ladder (11), mounted on the upper floor (3) and occupying the other transverse half of said upper floor (3) of the structure (1); - longitudinal coupling lance (12), having one end articulatedly coupled to the anterior region of the upper floor (3) of the chassis (1), while its opposite end is oriented inclined towards the ground, staying above it; - pivoting header (13) mounted on the front end of the hitch boom (12); - drive assembly (14) mounted longitudinally inside the header (13); - cut separator (15) mounted under and on the front of the pivoting header (13), which cuts the vegetation that rises above the ground and crosses from one row of plants to the other, where the cut makes its way between the two rows of plants and avoids tangling (budding) in the front region of the machine as it advances between the two rows of plants to be harvested; - fluffing device (16), vertically elongated, whose upper part is solidly fixed to the rear end of the pivoting header (13), while its lower end is below the cut separator (15), where it plunges into the ground and goes to a depth enough to be immediately below the roots of the plants (maniocs) of the two rows and, in this position, presents an angle of attack that, although small, is enough to push up the two clumps of adjacent plants (one next to the other of two lines) and the entire volume of earth that surrounds it, preparing it for the next uprooting phase; - two starter trolleys (17), parallel to each other, both with the same inclination, whose front ends are positioned just behind the fluffing device (16), while their rear ends pass freely between the two lower (2) and upper floors (3) of the chassis (1) and are pivoting on the rear transverse edge of the upper floor (3), said carts are presented, each one, practically in the form of two mats against each other, whose lower ends act as claws, gripping the clump of cuttings from each line of plants and, at the same time, pulls the entire clump up and back, with which the entire plant is pulled out with its roots moving them backwards to the end of said puller carts (17 ); - lifting device (18) mounted on the front edge of the second upper floor (3) of the chassis (1), lifting device (18) this is interconnected with the front ends of the two starter carts (17), providing means for such ends of the same are raised above the ground when the implement is out of operation; - two unpinners (19), each mounted under the rear end of each starter trolley (17), and are suspended between the lower floor (2) and the upper floor (3) of the structure (1) and, as already mentioned , the uprooted plants reach the end of the puller carts (17), where the unpinners (18) cut and separate the roots (cassava) from the cuttings; - double disposal chute (20) mounted on the rear inclined side (5), having its upper part aligned with the end of the two starter carts (17), while its lower side is aligned between gaps formed between the structure (1) and the directional rolling (7), consequently, said chutes receive the shafts that come out at the upper ends of the starter carts (17) and lead them out of the machine, dropping them by free fall on the ground and in the anterior region of the wheels to be compressed; - intermediate mat (21), longitudinal, mounted on the lower plane of the first floor of the structure (1), as well as aligned under the unpinners (19), logically to receive the cassava separated from the stems, which occurs by simple free fall and , on this mat, they are moved backwards; - vertical lift (22), positioned transversely on the posterior complementary structure (6), where its lower end or inlet mouth (23) is aligned with the intermediate belt (21), while its upper end or outlet mouth ( 24) is directed backwards and, with that, said vertical elevator (22) receives the separated cassavas through its lower inlet mouth (23) and leads them upwards to the upper outlet mouth (24); - upper mat (25), longitudinal, having one end aligned with the outlet mouth (24) of the vertical elevator (22), while its other end is oriented backwards; - two workstations (26), between which the upper belt (25) is positioned and at a sufficient height for the positioning of two operators who carry out the final quality control of the cassava carried by the upper belt (25), removing the unwanted parts of the harvested material; - tilting bagging platform (27) positioned between the two workstations (26) and under the rear end of the upper belt (25), consequently, the cassavas moved on said upper belt (25) simply fall inside a usual bag (B) positioned on the bagging platform (27), and, as already mentioned, this tilting bagging platform (27) is capable of going from a horizontal position to an inclined position on a ramp, consequently, when this movement occurs , the filled bag slides down to be dispensed onto the ground and subsequently collected by known means; and - bag release device (28) at the moment it starts to slide out, this device being used to control the full bag keeping its upper part secured while sliding downwards, consequently its verticality is maintained and , at the moment it starts to hit the ground, said release device (28) is activated, preventing the bag from tipping over or hitting the ground incorrectly.

[27] The chassis (1) is illustrated in detail in figures 8, 9 and 10. As already mentioned, it has two floors, a lower one (2) and an upper one (3), of the same width, both staggered, with the forward and the other moved backwards, forming two inclined sides, a front (4) and a back (5), and for this purpose, this set comprises two vertical sheet metal lateral closures (29), with several openings of different sizes and shapes (30), all fitting the corresponding parts of the intermediate belt (21), as well as such side closures (29) have horizontal upper edges and provided with stringers (31), while their lower edges are equally inclined and bent outwards forming small flaps (32), which also happens with the rear edges forming other vertical flaps (33) and, on this side, the two side closures (29) are interconnected by upper (34) and lower ( 35), configuring re-corners on which the lower ends of posterior columns (36) are attached, both equally inclined forwards and parallel to other similar anterior columns (37), whose lower ends are attached to the corresponding edges of the side closures (29) and , at this point, such ends are interconnected by two beams (38) spaced apart from each other and, above them, a set of gaskets is mounted that surround the intermediate belt (21), one being a ramp (39), two rulers sides (40), and two rear ones (41), the latter are integrated with corner prismatic pieces (42) combined with each other and with the rear trims (41) to form a tapered section that ends in a rear opening (43) in the level of the intermediate mat (21) and which aligns with the entrance mouth (23) of the vertical elevator (22), consequently, such a funneled detail works as an inviting region to guide the cassava to until the entrance (23) of the elevator (22).

[28] A structural beam (44) is supported on and in the middle part of the stringers (31) formed by columns (45) and beam (46) which, on the one hand and in their corners, are fixed to the ends of the posterior columns ( 36), while on the opposite side it forms the upper floor (3) with another pair of short stringers (47), whose front ends are interconnected by an anterior rectangular frame (48), vertical, which, in addition to having its corners fixed to the front columns (37), centralizes a header (49) with articulation lugs (50) articulated to the corresponding end of the boom (12), as well as, on the lower side or in the lower corners, two usual jacks (51) are mounted. , one on each side, to rest when the implement is not in operation.

[29] Still in relation to figures 9 and 10, the posterior complementary structure (6) is a continuity of the lower floor (2) of the chassis (1), through which it can be seen that it is formed by two parallel vertical plates ( 52), having their front ends welded to the beams (34) and (35) of the frame (1), spaced apart enough to exceed that passage (43) and form a fit with the lower end of the vertical lift (22), while its rear ends, in addition to being interconnected by a plate beam (53), is lowered at the top forming a step (54), where a transverse support (55) is positioned with a vertical central pin (56) and "U" supports ( 57), both receive directional rolling (7).

[30] Figures 11 and 12 show details of the directional rolling (7), where it can be seen that it consists of two vertical axles (58), bearing one on each side and in the respective "U" brackets (57) of the complementary posterior structure (6), where each axle is rotatably mounted and, furthermore, two distinct pieces are solidly fixed to each one, in which the first is a radial arm (59) perpendicularly facing backwards, whose free ends are articulately interconnected by stabilizer bar (60), while the second part is a lateral support (61), in the form of a vertical plate, on which an axle tip (62) is fixed, where a usual assembly formed by a hub (63) of wheel (64) and respective tire (65), being that, still, in the middle part of one of those arms (59) the corresponding end of a hydraulic cylinder (66a) is articulated coupled, whose opposite end is also articulated in a support ( 66b) which, for in turn, is welded to the corresponding part of the complementary structure (6).

[31] As already mentioned, the implement is towed and driven by the tractor, however, the activation of the aforementioned hydraulic cylinder (66a) allows the simultaneous movement of the two tires (65), consequently, it adds an additional drivability to the implement, not limited only to the one carried out by the tractor, which makes the use of the set easier.

[32] The hydraulic oil storage and circulation unit (8) is illustrated in figures 13 and 14, where it can be seen that it comprises a parallelepipedic reservoir, whose lower part is fixed on the stringers (47) of the structure (1) ) through angle brackets (67) and pads (68) with the respective screws (69), while in the upper part of said reservoir an oil filter (70) and a cooling radiator (71) are mounted, all this remaining set interconnected with a valve block (72) and respective electrical controls, mounted by a support (73) fixed on the transom (46) of the structure (1).

[33] Still in relation to figures 13 and 14, as already mentioned, the walkway (9) with guardrails (10) and access ladder (11), mounted on the upper floor (3) of the structure (1) , where the walkway occupies the other transverse half of the upper floor (3), while the other transverse half is fixed to the parallelepiped reservoir of the hydraulic oil storage and circulation unit (8).

[34] Figures 15 to 17 show the details of the hitch lance (12), where it can be seen that it is formed by a long tube (74) with the front tip angled downwards (75), including side reinforcements (76) as well as the lower end includes a lock (77) with a pivot pin (78), vertically facing downwards, with nut and washer (79), which configures pivotal engagement of the pivoting header (13).

[35] At the upper end, the tube (74) includes a rearward facing "U" end (80) with lugs (81) which, by means of a pin (82), is pivotally fitted to the hinge lugs. (50) of the header (49) of the structure (1) and, in this same region, said terminal in "U" (80) jointly has a lever in the form of a side fork (83), angularly turned to the side, where it is pivotally (84) fixed to the end of a hydraulic cylinder (85), the other end of which, also by means of articulation (86), is coupled to a support (87) welded inside the anterior rectangular frame (48) of the structure (1). ) and, with that, the activation of said hydraulic cylinder (85), allows the hitch lance (12) to be angularly moved at the desired moment to correct or change the working course of the header (13).

[36] Figures 18 to 20 show in detail the pivoting header (13), mounted on the front end of the hitch boom (12), where it can rotate freely in both directions, since said header is of the type that automatically aligns together with the direction adopted by the hitch lance (12). This header (13) consists of a structure of tubes, having a first triangular front part (88), defined by several pieces of plate, forming three vertices, two facing downwards and one facing upwards, all of them with parallel and perpendicular ears. facing forwards that configure supports (89), which constitute the three points of attachment for the corresponding parts of a usual tractor.

[37] Inside the triangular front (88) is mounted a parallelepiped box (90) with only the closed upper side (91), where it has a vertical hole (92), which constitutes a point of engagement and coupling of the articulation pin. (78) of the hitch lance (12).

[38] In continuity to the rear side of the parallelepiped box (90) another box with sloping top (93) develops, where transverse walls (94) form fittings for mounting the drive assembly (14), as well as said second box includes lower closure (95) and posterior closure (96), in the latter the ends of two parallel tubes (97) that extend backwards are fixed perpendicularly, where their posterior ends are jointly interconnected with other lateral tubes (98), whose ends forelegs are welded to the corresponding lower vertices of the triangular frontal (88).

[39] The rear ends of the parallel tubes (97) have a coupling point (99) and a locking point (100), both in the form of recessed transverse holes, the first practiced in the tubes themselves (97), while the other is in two pieces of triangular plates (101) welded between the two tubes (97), where they receive the fluffing device (16).

[40] Figures 18 to 20 also show the drive assembly (14) which, as already mentioned, is longitudinally mounted inside the header (13), comprising a cardan shaft (102) which, at the front end, is provided to be coupled to the power take-off of a usual tractor, while the opposite end is connected by a universal joint to an intermediate shaft (103) which, by means of bearings with bearings (104), is supported on those transverse walls (94), after which said shaft is connected to a transmission box (105) which, in addition to being housed inside the second box (93), also supports and is connected to a hydraulic pump (106) which, through hoses not illustrated, is interconnected with the hydraulic oil storage and circulation unit (8) and with the corresponding hydraulic parts of the implement.

[41] The cutting separator (15), shown in detail in figures 21 and 22, as already mentioned, mounted under and in front of the pivoting header (13), where it separates by cutting the vegetation or branches that rise above of the soil and cross from one row of plants to the other, opening a path between the two rows of plants and avoiding entanglement (budding) in the front region of the machine as it advances between the two rows of plants to be harvested.

[42] The cutting separator (15) consists of a vertical fork (107), defined by a block-shaped upper part (108) which, in addition to having adjustable fixing lateral holes (109), also accommodates the side of the box (90) of the pivoting header (13), where a complementary wall (110) completes its housing. On the lower side, said fork (107) is formed by two parallel triangular plates (111), which are extensions of the block (108) and have one apex facing backwards and the other facing downwards, the latter being crossed by an axis (112) , which also crosses a seesaw support (113) arranged between the plates (111), where said support has the lower end with another axis (114), having an end extended to the side, where it receives a cylindrical hub (115) externally with a cutting disc (116). The upper end of the seesaw support (113) is pivotally fixed to the end of a helical spring (117), the opposite end of which is coupled to the end of a regulating spindle (118) which, at the rear apex of the plates (111) passes through a threaded support (119), where the tension of such spring (117) is adjustable and, consequently, a suitable spring is established so that the cutting spacer (15) can work smoothly on the ground.

[43] Figures 23 and 24 show in detail the fluffing device (16) which is vertically elongated, the upper part of which is solidly fixed to the rear end of the pivoting header (13), while its lower end is below the shear separator ( 15), where it plunges into the soil and goes to a depth sufficient to be immediately below the roots of the plants (cassava) of the two rows and, in this position, it presents an angle of attack that, although small, is enough to push up the two lines. clumps of adjacent plants (one next to the other in two rows) and the entire volume of earth that surrounds it, preparing it for the next stage of uprooting. The fluffing device (16) has an inverted "T" shape defined by two blades, one vertical (120) and one horizontal wing-shaped (121), both with sharp front edges, the latter distributing wedge-shaped penetrating points (122), while the blade (120) ends in a point (123) with two holes, one of them with a locking pin (124) and the other with another pivot pin (125), both matching the coupling point ( 99) and locking point (100) of the pivot header (13).

[44] Figures 25 and 26 show in detail one of the starter carts (17). As already mentioned, there are two equal sets parallel to each other, both with the same inclination, whose front ends are positioned just behind the fluffing device (16), while their rear ends pass freely between the two lower floors (2) and (3) of the chassis (1) and are pivoting on the rear transverse edge of the upper floor (3), said trolleys are each practically in the form of two mats against each other, whose lower ends function as claws, grabbing the clump of cuttings from each row of plants and, at the same time, pulling the entire clump up and back, with which the entire plant is pulled up with its roots moving them backwards to the end of said puller carts ( 17).

[45] Still in relation to figures 25 and 26, each starter trolley (17) comprises a structure with an ordinarily triangular cross-section formed, initially, by three longitudinal and parallel stringers, with two tubular lower stringers (126) and an upper profile stringer. in inverted "U" shape (127), this and the first two are interconnected by inverted "U" supports (128), distributed equidistantly, where the first previous one is recessed enough to leave the two ends of the lower stringers (126) free. , where one of them receives the tread (129), the same happens in the upper ends, however, at this point all of them are structurally interconnected by a box (130), practically parallelepiped, where the ends of the lower stringers (126) penetrate to a point median and are rigidly welded to the walls of said box (130), which also has two shaft ends (131) fixed in its anterior-superior corners, aligned with each other and facing out and fit into bearings (132) welded to the crossmember (46) of the frame (1).

[46] Figure 27 shows the box (130) in detail, through which it can be seen that it has an upper closure (133) and, below it, there is another intermediate plate closure (134), forming a compartment (135) which, together with the base (136), form support points for a drive assembly formed by a hydraulic motor (137) fixed on the first upper closure (133) which, in turn, is crossed by the axis of said motor which, inside the compartment (135), receives a gear (138) and its transmission chain (139), which, in addition to having the respective stretcher (140), is coupled to other gears (141) attached to the upper ends of shafts ( 142) which, in turn, pass vertically through the box (130) and, under it, receive other gears (143), aligned next to each other and also receive starter belts (144).

[47] Observing figure 28, each starter belt (144) is formed by a chain (145) which, on the inside, is coupled to the corresponding gear (143) and, on the outside, is coupled to a belt properly so-called corrugated rubber (146), and this coupling is repeated in the same way at the front end of the cart, where there is another pair of gears (147), similar to the first ones (143), however, their shafts rotate freely in bearings ( 148) and respective tensioning brackets (149) fixed under the ends of the lower stringers (126) and, therefore, the two corrugated rubber belts (146) work coplanarly side by side so that their parts that are abutting each other can move upwards simultaneously and form efficient claws when the cart is moved against the stakes (tree part of the cassava), that is, in the front part of the cart the two volutes of the corrugated rubber belts (146) grab the stakes at gripping them tightly and at the same time they are shifted backwards and upwards, causing the roots (cassavas) to be pulled up and shifted upwards.

[48] As already mentioned, the puller belts (58) work synchronized to grab the stakes and, at the same time, move them up and back, pulling them out of the ground, however, so that such movement can be carried out with precision. , the parts of the two belts are kept pressed against each other and guided from the lower end of the puller cart (17) to its end and, for that, along the puller mats (144) three types of devices are provided, in that the first two are guide devices (150) and (151), while the third is a gripper guide device (152), wherein the first two are distributed along the outwardly facing portions of each puller belt (144). ), while the third gripper guide device (152) is positioned along the opposing parts of the puller belts (144), keeping them softly pressed against each other, so that such parts can self-adjust with some pressure to the volume of maniva that is caught between them.

[49] Figure 29 shows in detail the first guide device (150), which is repeated in adequate quantity, each one consisting of a support (153) which, at one end, is fixed to the corresponding stringer (126) and is perpendicularly facing outwards, where its free end has a longitudinal slot (154) for adjustable fastening to the upper ends of the axles of a pair of pulleys (155), free turning, between which the corresponding part of the belt is guided ( 144).

[50] Figures 30 and 31 show in detail the guide device (151), which is also repeated in adequate amounts, each consisting of a support and "L" (156), whose upper end is perpendicularly bent and forms a flap. fixing bracket (157) on the corresponding stringer (126), while the lower flap (158) receives a sliding angle bracket (159) complement and over which the corresponding part of the puller belt (144) passes, where it is confined in together with a support (160) and respective roller (161), this also having its axis adjustably fixed in slot (162) of said support (160) perpendicularly fixed against the first one (157).

[51] Figures 32, 33 and 34 show in detail the third clamping guide device (152) which, in the same way, is repeated in adequate quantity, each one consisting of two vertical pulleys, a support pulley (163) and a floating press (164), between which the opposing parts of the puller belt (144) pass, in which the first support pulley (163) has its axis (165) fixed on a support (166) which, in turn, is rigidly fixed to the corresponding stringer (126), while the other press pulley (164) has its axis (167) fixed to the end of a rocker arm (168) which, by means of a median joint (169), is attached to the other stringer (169). 126) and the other end of said rocker arm (168) is articulately coupled to the end of a horizontal rod (170) which, in turn, freely passes through a support (171) fixed to the same stringer (126) and, after such support , said rod is surrounded by a helical spring (172), having one end supported by the said support (171), while on the opposite side it is supported on the corresponding end of the rod (170), keeping the latter tensioned and, consequently, providing spring to the press pulley (164), allowing it to be moved according to the volume of shaft that passes between the puller belts (144). Logically, this spring offers means for automatic adjustment of the distance between the juxtaposed parts of the puller belts (144) keeping said parts pressed against each other for gripping the shafts in displacement.

[52] Figures 35 and 36 show the details of the lifting device (18) mounted on the front edge of the second upper floor (3) and practically inside the front rectangular frame (48) of the structure (1). The lifting device (18) is interconnected with those of the two starter carts (17), providing means for them to be lifted above the ground when the implement is out of operation. The lifting device (18) comprises a tubular shaft (173) rotatably supported on bearings (174) arranged on supports (175) which, in turn, are welded inside the anterior rectangular frame (48) of the structure (1), where Said shaft has a medial radial lever (176), facing backwards, where its distal end is pivotally coupled to a hydraulic cylinder (177), whose other end is also pivotally coupled to a support (178) welded on the middle part of the shaft. anterior rectangular frame (48) of the structure (1), and said axis (173) has two radial arms (179), one at each end, both facing forward, whose ends end in coupling hooks with the ends chains (180), having the lower ends fixed to the corresponding supports (128) of the starter carts (17). In this way, the actuation of the cylinder (177) allows the lever (176) to act on the shaft (173) applying rotations to it in both directions, consequently, the radial arms (179) are moved up or down and, together with them, the starter carts (17) are tilted equally up and down, placing them in a service position or in a rest position when the implement is out of operation.

[53] With reference to figure 37, we can see that each stripper (19) is mounted under the box (130) of each starter cart (17), and are suspended between the lower floor (2) and the upper floor (3) of the structure (1) and, as already mentioned, the uprooted plants reach the end of the puller carts (17), where the unpinners (19) cut and separate the roots (cassava) from the stems.

[54] As shown in figures 38 and 39, each despinner (19) has a "U" body (181), whose upper ends are integrated into other longitudinal "U" supports (182), with their terminals fixed under the box (130) and between the interlocking parts of the two puller belts (144) and, at this point, the "U" body (181) includes, on one side, a gutter inviting the entry (183) of the cassava to be separated, while on the opposite side, at least one of the longitudinal "U" supports (182) have flexible feelers (184) that guide the separate shafts at the end of the puller belts (144).

[55] As shown in figures 40, 41 and 42, the fixing of the longitudinal "U" supports (182) under the box (130) is carried out together with two intermediate guides (185), in the form of rectangular plates, one on each side, the upper sides of which have rows of gears (186), between which the adjacent parts of the puller belts (144) pass, these plates (185) and the "U" supports (182) are adjustable for adjustment. of the gap between them, because in these parts the plant passes and, at this point, the separation cut between the roots (cassava) and the stems occurs, which is done by a hydraulic mechanism mounted inside the "U" body. (181) which, for this purpose, as shown in figures 43 to 44, has two vertical guides (187), along which a sliding beam (188) moves, which, on the underside, is driven by a cylinder vertical hydraulic (189), mounted on the base of the "U" body (181), while on the upper side said beam (188) has a cutting knife in the form of a parallelepiped box (190), completely open at the top and bottom, in which the upper parts have cutting edges, while at the bottom a static cleaning bottom (191) passes inside and is mounted on a support (192) integrated into the body (181), this support positions the bottom in such a way that it remains static, consequently, when the box-shaped cutting knife (190) is moved, said cleaning bottom (191) is stopped and, after cutting, when the knife descends, said bottom passes through its interior removing possible residues from the plant.

[56] Referring to figure 41, above the gears (186) and fixed to one of the stringers (126) is positioned a sensor (193) that detects the passage of the plant and activates the hydraulic cylinder (189), which makes It is possible to synchronize the activation of the depinner (19) at the exact moment of the passage of the plant at the end of each starter trolley (17).

[57] As shown in figures 45 and 46, the double disposal chute (20) is mounted on the rear sloping side (5) of the structure (1), with its gabled upper part aligned with the end of the two starter carts. (17), while its bifurcated lower side is aligned between gaps formed between the structure (1) and the directional wheel (7), consequently, said chutes receive the shafts that come out at the upper ends of the starter carts (17) and lead them by free fall out of the machine throwing them on the ground and in the anterior region of the tread (7) to be compacted.

[58] The double disposal chute (20) comprises a plate closure (194), in two parts, one on each side, that extends transversely and closes the lower third of the inclined side (5) of the structure (1), leaving only the rear opening (43) at the level of the intermediate belt (21) and which aligns with the inlet mouth (23) of the vertical elevator (22) free. A longitudinal baffle in two waters (195) is fixed against this closure, whose sharp upper part (196) is slightly inclined and, from that point downwards, its sides (197) open forming other ramps that, together with the closure of plate (194) end in other vertical closures (198) and (199), the first close the back side of the structure (1), while the other fits against the complementary structure (6), forming a free span (200) in the front of the tread (7), where the stakes fall, that is, the deflector (195) is aligned between the end of the two starter carts (17), consequently, the stakes separate from the cassava and pass through the gaps (200) of each side of the machine and fall to the ground, where they are compacted by the rolling (7).

[59] As shown in Figure 47, the intermediate mat (21), longitudinally, is mounted on the lower plane (2) of the first floor of the structure (1), consequently, it is below the unpinners (19), logically to receive the cassava separated from the stems, which occurs by simple free fall and, on this conveyor belt (21), they are moved backwards towards the rear opening (43) aligned with the inlet mouth (23) of the vertical elevator (22), in order to so that the latter can move them upwards and dispense them onto the upper mat (25).

[60] The intermediate mat (21) is also illustrated in more detail in figures 48 to 50, where it can be seen that it initially comprises a structural support platform (201), whose side edges are fixed from the inside. of the two side locks (29) of the structure (1), while their ends end very close to two rollers, a free rotating roller (202) with tensioner (203) and a traction roller (204), on which displaces a mat (205) itself, the upper side being slidably supported on the structural support platform (201), while its side edges and ends fit under the corresponding parts of the ramp (39), of the two side rulers (40). ), the two posterior rulers (41) and the two corner prismatic pieces (42), forming a tapered section that ends in the rear opening (43) aligned with the entrance mouth (23) of the vertical elevator (22), consequently, such a tapered detail works with o an invitation region to guide the cassava to the entrance (23) of the elevator (22). The free rotating roller (202) and the traction roller (204) have their ends with bearings (206) mounted on the side locks (29) of the frame (1), where one of the ends of the traction roller (204) receives gear (207) which, by means of a chain (208), gear (209), gears (210) and gear (211), is connected with a drive shaft (212) and a wiper roller (213), the latter with their ends equally bearing on the side walls of the chassis (1), while the drive axle (212) is shorter and has its ends with bearings (214) supported on the side walls of the chassis (1) and the complementary chassis ( 6), where such end receives another gear (215) which, by means of a chain (216), is coupled to the elevator (22) to receive the driving force thereof. The cleaning roller (213) rotates the belt (21) in reverse and serves to clean it.

[61] Observing Figure 51, it is noted that the vertical elevator (22), in addition to having a small backward inclination, is positioned transversely between the parallel vertical plates (52) of the posterior complementary structure (6), where its inlet mouth (23) is aligned with the intermediate mat (21), while superiorly its outlet mouth (24) is directed backwards and over the outlet mat (25). Thus, the vertical elevator (22) receives the separated cassavas through its lower inlet (23) and leads them upwards to the upper outlet (24).

[62] Figures 52 and 53 also show in detail the vertical elevator (22), where it can be seen that it has a duct-shaped body (217), with a rectangular cross section, while its ends are rounded (218). ), wherein the upper one, on one side, is attached to the end of a longitudinal beam (219) having the other end attached to that beam (46) of the frame (1).

[63] On the rear side, the upper end of said duct (217) extends backwards and downwards and configures the outlet mouth (24), as well as such rounded ends are equally traversed by lower (220) and upper axis. (221), in which the lower one has its ends with bearings (222) mounted on the side walls (52) of the complementary structure (6), where one of them receives gear (223) intermeshed with the chain (216) of the belt (21) ), these two sets are synchronized, while the upper shaft (221) has its ends also with bearings (224) mounted on the side walls of the duct (217), where one of them includes a stretcher (225), while the other has a gear. (226) and the respective chain (227) which also passes through a turnbuckle (227a) and is coupled with the upper belt (25).

[64] As shown in figures 54 and 55, on the inside of the duct (217) the shafts (220) and (221) jointly cross cylinders (228), both with the ends equipped with gears (229), where chains are coupled (230), one on each side, interconnected by several blades (231), transverse, folded in sheet metal, having the base folded in "U" with a connecting section (232) and two flaps, one short (233) and a long one (234), the latter describes a certain inclination with an angle greater than 90° in relation to the chains (230), an inclination that invites and retains the cassavas to be lifted and, still, on the loading side, the two chains (230) slide on a platform (235) transversely mounted and fixed to the inner faces of the side walls of the duct (217).

[65] Observing figure 55, it is noted that the blades (231) pass the rounded bottom (218) of the duct (217) and sweep the inlet mouth (23) and, at this point, the cassava arrives pushed by the intermediate belt (21). The cassavas simply fall onto the flaps (234) of each paddle (23). On this elevation side, the upward inclination of each flap (234) functions as an invitation to receive and retain a certain amount of cassava during the ascent and, at the top of the elevator, logically after the curvature (218), the position of the flaps (234) are inverted, consequently, the cassavas are dispensed through the outlet mouth (24) and fall by free fall onto the upper outlet mat (25).

[66] As shown in Figure 56, the upper belt (25), longitudinal, has one end aligned under the outlet mouth (24) of the vertical elevator (22), while its other end is oriented backwards between the two workstations (26) and ends above the tilting bagging platform (27).

[67] Figures 57 to 59 also show in detail the upper belt (25), where it can be seen that it comprises a structure defined by sides (236) interconnected by an internal plate (237), as well as the rear ends of the sides (236) are fixed to the corresponding side of the vertical lift (22) by means of squared corner plates (238), one on each side, which combine with another piece of plate (239), whose upper edge it is tilted forward and downward and configures the ramp (240) of the exit mouth (24) of the elevator (22). At the ends of the sides (236) are also mounted two rollers, a traction roller (241), front, and a loco roller (242), rear, whose shaft ends (243) and (244) are rotatably supported on bearings ( 245) and (246), the latter combined with stretchers (247), since a mat (248) itself extends over said rollers (241) and (242), with the upper part slidingly supported on the inner plate ( 237), while on the underside they pass over structural beams (249) that also interconnect the lower edges of the sides (236). One of the axle ends (243) of the traction roller (241) passes the corresponding bearing (245) and, from the outside, receives two gears (250) and (251), in which the chain (227) is coupled to the first. ) of the vertical elevator (22), while the other also receives a second chain (252) which, in addition to passing through a stretcher (253), is also coupled to another gear (254), which in turn is solidly fixed to the shaft of a hydraulic motor (255) fixed on the inner side of one of the square corner pieces (238), this entire transmission assembly being embedded in side protection (256). The transmission defined by the chains (227), (252) and respective gears (226), (250), (251) and (254), provide means for the simultaneous actuation of the elevator (22) and the conveyor (25) and, thus, , the cassava that arrive at the outlet (24) of the elevator (22) fall onto the upper conveyor (25) and are carried to the bagging platform (27).

[68] As shown in figure 60, the workstations (26) are symmetrically equal, between which the bagging platform (27) is positioned, which is in a lower position and, above it, the upper conveyor belt (25) is positioned. ) according to a sufficient height for the positioning of two operators, one on each side, who carry out the final quality control of the cassava that arrive from the elevator (12) and are carried by the upper conveyor (25), where unwanted parts are removed of the harvested material and, consequently, only the selected cassavas continue their journey until they fall by free fall inside a usual bag positioned on the bagging platform (27).

[69] Observing figure 61, it is noted that the workstations (26) and the bagging platform (27) share the same support structure, that is, the same set formed by two structural complements of sheet, being a spacer (257) followed by a double fork (258), seen in detail in figures 62, 63 and 64, where it can be seen that the spacer (257) has a parallelepiped block shape with a suitable dimensioning to fit and be fixed against the wall (53) of the structural complement (6) of the chassis (1), while on the opposite side, in the same way, it receives the double fork (258) which, in turn, has a base plate (259), rectangular which, on the one hand, constitutes a point of attachment to the spacer (257) and, on the opposite side, two pieces of bifurcated plates develop, having two parallel lower branches (260), equal to each other, and two upper parallel branches ( 261), also equal to each other, in that the former are horizontally straight and facing backwards and po have their ends interconnected by a tube (262), while the two other parallel branches (261) have straight sections vertically oriented upwards (263), whose ends flex forward, configuring horizontal sections (264), these and those first are supports and receive several upper (265) and lower (266) crossbars that combine with other vertical (267) and longitudinal (268) bars to form a structural cage with external side closures (269) and internal closures (270), configuring two boxes (271), equal, one on each side, forming a free span (272) between them and which constitutes accommodation for the tilting bagging platform (27), as well as the front ends of such boxes are rounded (273) and if close to the tread (7), while on the opposite or rear side each box includes steps (274) and, furthermore, the upper sides of the two boxes (271) are closed by floors (275) externally surrounded by guard a-rails (276), tubular, while on the inner side those closures continue upwards and form other guardrails (277) with inwardly folded parts (278) and other setback details (279) that fit on the sides of the mat outlet (25), ensuring that the moving parts of the latter are recessed for greater operator safety.

[70] In one of the workstations (26) the guardrail has fixing brackets (280) for a control panel (281), where the controls for the elevator (12), upper exit conveyor (25) and of the tilting bagging platform (27).

[71] Figures 65 and 66 show the tilting bagging platform (27), where it can be seen that it is positioned between the two workstations (26) and under the rear end of the upper belt (25), consequently, the cassavas dispensed by the mouth (24) of the vertical elevator (12) are received and moved backwards on said upper conveyor (25) which, in turn, causes the selected cassavas to fall inside a usual bag (B) positioned on the bagging platform (27). This tilting bag platform (27) is capable of going from a horizontal position to an inclined position on a ramp as shown in figure 66, consequently, when this movement occurs, the full bag slides down to be dispensed on the ground and later collected by known means.

[72] Figures 67 to 69 also show other constructive details of the tilting bagging platform (27), where it can be seen that it comprises a tube structure (282) in the form of a parallelepiped box with internal plate closures (283 ), while its upper side and its back side are completely open, and also, at its four corners, the vertical uprights (284) extend upwards forming round points (285), a pair on each side, over the to which the release device (28) of the bag (B) is fixed.

[73] On the lower side, that tube structure (282) has one of its beams (286) equipped with pairs of supports (287), each pair with a pivot pin (288) aligned with each other and with their inwardly facing free ends, which pivotally penetrate the ends of the tube (262) of the double fork (258), where the assembly can be tilted up and down with the actuation of a hydraulic cylinder (289) which, in turn, , has one end pivotally fixed by means of a pin (290) that passes through a "U"-shaped support (291) welded to a beam (292) existing on the corresponding side of the tube structure (282), while the other end of said hydraulic cylinder (289) is also pivotally fixed to another "U" bracket (293) welded to a tubular cross member (294) which, in turn, is fixed against the rear side of the base plate (259) of the double fork ( 258), thus finalizing the means for said bagging platform (27) can tilt at the desired moment, in order to unload the full bag (B) and place it on the ground.

[74] The bag release device (28) is initially illustrated in figure 70, where it can be seen that it is activated only when the tilting bag platform (27) has reached its maximum tilting and, at that moment , the bag (B) slides smoothly until it hits the ground. During this movement, the bag handles (B) still remain attached to the release device (28), however, concomitantly when reaching the ground, it is released and the tilting bag platform (27) can return to its original position. The release device (28) of the bag (B) has two functions, the first is to keep the mouth of the bag (B) open and stable during loading. The second function is to keep it stable at the moment it starts to slide out, keeping its upper part fixed while it slides down, consequently its verticality is maintained and, at the moment it starts to hit the ground, the said release device (28) is activated, preventing the bag from tipping over or hitting the ground incorrectly.

[75] Figures 71 to 73 also show in detail the release device (28) of the bag (B), through which it can be seen that it comprises two tubes (295) longitudinally fixed on the round ends (285) of the bag (27), one of them with the rear end having a pin vertically facing upwards (296), as well as these rear ends are also provided with lower bearings (297a), where each of them, through a pin (297b), configures pivot point for the corresponding end of an inverted "L" retaining hook (298), having one end normally facing upwards, and further, to the middle part of each hook, the corresponding end of a steel cable (299) is attached. ) that passes through the interior of the corresponding tube (295) to the opposite end, where said steel cable (299) is coupled to a trigger (300) and, for that, at this end, each tube (295) is welded to a flange (301) which, on the one hand, is welded to the top of the corresponding round tip (285), where such flange also fixes the rear ends of a pair of plates (302), parallelly spaced apart by a spacer (303), hollowed out by hole (304), as well as followed by a pulley (305) , rotatably mounted between said plates (302) and, after said pulley (305), the front ends of said plates (302), on both sides, are also rotatably pierced by the ends of a long synchronizer rod (306) which, between the plates (302) on each side are attached to the middle part of an "L" shaped lever (307), having a shorter downward-facing tip (308) and a longer handle-point (309) angled upwards, in which the corresponding end of the steel cable (299) is attached to the first (308) after passing through the interior of the flange (301), spacer (303) and over the pulley (305), while the longer handle tip ( 309) is in position to be activated manually, that is, to up and down. This movement is synchronized by the long synchronizer rod (306), consequently, such movement is transferred to the steel cable (299) causing the inverted "L" retaining hook (298) to be moved in the direction of releasing or retaining the bag handles (B).

[76] Other retention devices (310) are provided on the two tubes (295), each consisting of a short tube (311) which, in addition to including a radially outward-facing pin (312), is also rotatable on the corresponding tube (295), where one end is supported against an abutment ring (313) attached to the corresponding tube (295), while the other end is against the flange (301) which, in turn, has a side cutout facing outwards. (314) where the tip of an "L" bolt (315) is slidably mounted on a tubular support (316) which is welded to the short tube (311) and, with this, said "L" bolt (315) allows to release the tube (311) so that it can undergo a short turn in both directions and, consequently, its pin (311) can go out and back from the vertically upward position to a horizontal position facing inwards and, therefore, in the desired moment, the handles on the same side of the bag are released, while the other two attached to the hooks (298), where they are retained until the bag (B) reaches the ground and, at this moment, the "L" levers (307) are activated, causing said hook to be angularly moved and, with this, all the handles are released and the bag (B) is released on the ground.

[77] As can be seen, after what has been exposed and illustrated, the present invention achieves the aforementioned objectives, as it defines a simple agricultural machine capable of uprooting and processing cassava accurately in two lines of plants at a time, consequently , doubles production when compared to a machine of the same size, however, with the means to harvest one row at a time, which is very advantageous for small and medium producers.

[78] It features an ergonomic arrangement and a suitable layout for sequential in-line assembly of all sets involved in harvesting (pulling), cleaning, unpinning (separation of roots and cuttings) and bagging, in order to characterize a compact and high-quality implement. easy handling.

[79] It has two "articulated" sets, that is, the boom (12) and the structure (1), in which the first comprises the entire front of the machine, having the hitch boom (12) to the tractor and the second is a assembly structure or chassis of the harvester or starter trolleys (17) of the plants. This entire set is articulated in front of a chassis (1) which, in addition to receiving all other machine sets, is also mounted on a directional wheel (7), that is, wheels with a hydraulic mechanism for drivability. . With such characteristics, the implement allows the work front (coupling boom (12) and puller trolleys (17) to be angularly changed according to the maneuvering needs of the harvesting site. It also allows keeping the puller trolleys (17) always perfectly aligned with the two lines of plants. The steerability of the wheels (7) provides means for the set to also undergo changes of direction according to the needs of the harvesting site. Thus, we can say that the implement is moderately articulated and drivable independently of the tractor, consequently, such features increase harvesting speed and working efficiency.

[80] Another objective of the implement is to provide a structure in three basic parts, namely: Chassis (1), complementary posterior structure (6) and anterior structure, the latter being an angled hitch lance (12), almost hooked, having the its front end angled downwards and, at this end, three devices are arranged, the first of which is a cardan shaft transmission (14) which, on the one hand, can be attached to the power take-off of a conventional tractor and, on the opposite end or rear drives an oil pump (106) that drives all the implement's hydraulic engines and pistons.

[81] Below the aforementioned cardan (14) there is a cutting disc separating the vegetation (15) or branches that rise above the ground and cross from one line of plants to the other and its function is to open a path between the two rows of plants and avoid tangling (budding) in the front region of the machine as it advances between the two rows of plants to be harvested.

[82] Just behind the cutting disc and in a much lower position, there is a fluffing device (16) in the form of a small delta aza, which in reality is a real cutting blade, which plunges into the ground and goes to a depth sufficient to be immediately below the roots of the plants (cassava) of the two rows and, in this position, said cutting wing has an angle of attack that, although small, is sufficient to push up the two clumps of adjacent plants ( one next to the other of two lines) and the entire volume of earth that surrounds it, preparing it for the next phase of uprooting.

[83] Under the hitch boom, two puller units (17), positioned parallelly, both in the form of inclined mats, whose front and lower ends are aligned, each one, in a line of cassava to be pulled out by their stems.

[84] The hitch boom (12) and starter trolleys (17) have their higher rear ends pivotally coupled to the chassis (1).

[85] The coupling of the hitch lance (12) is done in a peculiar way, because, at this point, said lance is actuated by a lateral hydraulic cylinder, which allows angular movement to the sides of said hitch lance, making possible the its fine adjustment for perfect alignment with the cassava lines to be harvested.

[86] The linkages of the puller units are made to allow their lower end to swing up and down and follow the ground level.

[87] The aforementioned articulations are also carried out so that the entire working front of the machine can be lifted by a hydraulic cylinder, putting the whole set in position when the implement is out of operation, which facilitates its transfer outside the area. of harvest.

[88] At the end and under the upper ends of the puller trolleys (17) the depinners (19) are mounted, which cut and separate the roots (cassava) from the stems. And in this region, inside the chassis, there is a kind of gutter (20) and a conveyor belt (21), the gutters receive the stems and lead them out of the machine, dropping them by free fall on the ground and in the anterior region of the running. directional (7) to be compacted, while the roots (cassava) fall on the mat and are led to a vertical elevator (22) which, in turn, is mounted on the rear structure which, in turn, is supported on the tread directional (7).

[89] The rear structure also includes an exit mat (25), two workstations (26) and a bagging mechanism (27) for the harvested cassava.

[90] The output mat (25) is longitudinally positioned between the two workstations and, thus, the cassava on this mat undergo a final quality control carried out by the two operators, separating unwanted parts, so that the cassava selected can fall by free fall inside a bag (B) which, once it is full, is simply tilted by a mechanism (27) sliding out until it is on the ground to be collected later.

[91] Therefore, it is observed that all the subassemblies of the machine are assembled along its longitudinal line, featuring a compact shape that speeds up its coupling to the tractor, as well as facilitating the movement of the assembly in the field and also when it is not in use. operation.Finally, the compact shape of the set made it possible to considerably reduce its weight, consequently, it was also possible to significantly reduce the final cost of the set, making it ideal for small and medium producers.

Claims (21)

1) CASSAVA RIPPING IMPLEMENT, characterized by the fact that it comprises: - a chassis (1), on two floors, a lower one (2) and an upper one (3), of the same width, both lagged, with the upper one shifted forward and the other moved backwards, forming two inclined sides, a front (4) and a rear (5); - a complementary posterior structure (6) jointly coupled in continuity to the lower floor (2) of the chassis (1); - a directional rolling (7) that constitutes transversal support to the posterior complementary structure (6) and all components added thereto; - hydraulic oil storage and circulation unit (8) mounted transversely on the upper floor (3), occupying its transverse half; - walkway (9) with guardrail (10) and access ladder (11), mounted on the upper floor (3) and occupying the other transverse half of said upper floor (3) of the structure (1); - longitudinal coupling lance (12), having one end articulatedly coupled to the anterior region of the upper floor (3) of the chassis (1), while its opposite end is oriented inclined towards the ground, staying above it; - pivoting header (13) mounted on the front end of the hitch boom (12); - drive assembly (14) mounted longitudinally inside the header (13); - cut separator (15) mounted under and on the front of the pivoting header (13), which cuts the vegetation that rises above the ground and crosses from one row of plants to the other, where the cut makes its way between the two rows of plants and avoids tangling (budding) in the front region of the machine as it advances between the two rows of plants to be harvested; - fluffing device (16), vertically elongated, the upper part of which is solidly fixed to the rear end of the pivoting header (13), while its lower end is below the cut separator (15); - two starter trolleys (17), parallel to each other, both with the same inclination, whose front ends are positioned just behind the fluffing device (16), while their rear ends pass freely between the two lower (2) and upper floors (3) of the chassis (1) and pivot on the rear transverse edge of the upper deck (3); - lifting device (18) mounted on the front edge of the second upper floor (3) of the chassis (1), lifting device (18) which is interconnected with the front ends of the two starter carts (17); - two unpinners (19), each mounted under the rear end of each starter trolley (17), and are suspended between the lower stage (2) and the upper stage (3) of the structure (1); - double disposal chute (20) mounted on the rear inclined side (5), having its upper part aligned with the end of the two starter carts (17), while its lower side is aligned between gaps formed between the structure (1) and the directional rolling (7); - intermediate conveyor belt (21), longitudinal, mounted on the lower plane of the first floor of the structure (1), as well as aligned under the unpinners (19); - vertical lift (22), positioned transversely on the posterior complementary structure (6), where its inlet mouth (23) is aligned with the intermediate belt (21), while its outlet mouth (24) is directed backwards and aligned on the exit mat (25); - upper belt (25), longitudinal, having one end aligned with the outlet mouth (24) of the vertical elevator (22), while its other end is oriented backwards and ends above the tilting bag platform (27); - two workstations (26), between which the upper belt (25) is positioned and at a sufficient height for the positioning of two operators who carry out the final quality control of the cassava carried by the upper belt (25); - tilting bagging platform (27) positioned between the two work stations (26) and under the rear end of the upper belt (25); - bag release device (28) (B); 2) CASSAVA RIPPING IMPLEMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that the chassis (1) comprises two vertical sheet metal lateral closures (29), with openings of different sizes and formats (30), all fitting the corresponding parts of the intermediate belt (21), as well as such side closures (29) have horizontal upper edges and provided with stringers (31), while their lower edges are equally inclined and bent outwards forming small flaps (32), which also happens with the rear edges forming other vertical flaps (33) and, on this side, the two side closures (29) are interconnected by upper (34) and lower (35) beams, configuring reinforced corners, on which the lower ends of posterior columns (36), both equally inclined forward and parallel to other similar anterior columns (37), whose lower ends are fixed at the edges c corresponding to the side closures (29) and, at this point, such ends are interconnected by two beams (38) spaced from each other and, above them, a set of gaskets is mounted that surround the intermediate mat (21), one of which is anterior ramp (39), two lateral rulers (40), and two rear ones (41), the latter are integrated with prismatic corner pieces (42) combined with each other and with the rear trims (41) to form a tapered section that ends in a rear opening (43) at the level of the intermediate belt (21) and which aligns with the inlet mouth (23) of the vertical elevator (22); on and in the middle part of the stringers (31) is supported a structural beam (44) formed by columns (45) and beam (46) which, on the one hand and in their corners, are fixed to the ends of the posterior columns (36), while on the opposite side it forms the upper floor (3) with another pair of short stringers (47), whose front ends are interconnected by an anterior rectangular frame (48), vertical, which, in addition to having its corners fixed to the front columns ( 37), centralizes a header (49) with articulation lugs (50) of articulated coupling to the corresponding end of the boom (12), as well as, on the lower side or in the lower corners, it has two usual jacks (51), one of each side, at rest when the implement is not in operation. 3) CASSAVA RIPPING IMPLEMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that the posterior complementary structure (6) is a continuity of the lower floor (2) of the chassis (1), but also comprises two parallel vertical plates (52), having their front ends welded to the beams (34) and (35) of the frame (1), spaced apart enough to exceed that passage (43) and form a fit with the lower end of the vertical lift (22), while their rear ends , in addition to being interconnected by a plate crossbeam (53), they are lowered superiorly forming a step (54), where a transverse support (55) is positioned with a vertical central pin (56) and "U" supports (57) to fit the directional rolling (7). 4) CASSAVA RIPPING IMPLEMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that the directional wheel (7) comprises two vertical axles (58), bearing one on each side and in the respective U-shaped supports (57) of the posterior complementary structure ( 6), where each axle is rotatably mounted and, furthermore, two distinct pieces are jointly fixed to each one, in which the first is a radial arm (59) perpendicularly facing backwards, whose free ends are articulated by a stabilizer bar (60). ), while the second part is a side support (61), in the form of a vertical plate, on which an axle tip (62) is fixed, where a usual set formed by a hub (63) of a wheel (64) is rotatably mounted. and the respective tire (65), and still, in the middle part of one of those arms (59) the corresponding end of a hydraulic cylinder (66a) is articulated, whose opposite end is also articulated in a support (66b) that and, in turn, is welded to the corresponding part of the complementary structure (6). 5) CASSAVA RIPPING IMPLEMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic oil storage and circulation unit (8) comprises a parallelepipedic reservoir, the lower part of which is fixed on the stringers (47) of the structure (1) through of angle brackets (67) and pads (68) with the respective screws (69), while in the upper part of said reservoir an oil filter (70) and a cooling radiator (71) are mounted, all of which are interconnected with a valve block (72) and respective electrical controls, mounted by a support (73) fixed on the transom (46) of the structure (1). 6) CASSAVA RIPPING IMPLEMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that the hooking lance (12) comprises a long tube (74) with the front tip angled downwards (75), including lateral reinforcements (76), such as also the lower end includes a closure (77) with a pivot pin (78), vertically facing downwards, with nut and washer (79), which configures pivotal engagement of the pivoting header (13); at the upper end, the tube (74) includes a rearward facing "U" end (80) with lugs (81) which, by means of a pin (82), is pivotally fitted to the hinge lugs (50) of the header (49) of the structure (1) and, in this same region, said "U" terminal (80) jointly has a lever in the form of a side fork (83), angularly turned to the side, where it is articulated (84). ) the end of a hydraulic cylinder (85) is fixed, the other end of which, also by means of articulation (86), is coupled to a support (87) welded inside the anterior rectangular frame (48) of the structure (1). 7) CASSAVA STARTER IMPLEMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that the pivoting header (13), mounted on the front end of the hitch lance (12), comprises a tube structure defined by a triangular front (88), with three vertices, two facing downwards and one upwards, all of them with parallel and perpendicularly facing forward lugs that configure hooking supports (89); Inside the triangular front (88) is mounted a parallelepiped box (90) with only the upper side closed (91), which has a vertical hole (92), which constitutes a point of engagement and coupling of the articulation pin (78) of the hitch lance (12); in continuity to the rear side of the parallelepiped box (90) another box with sloping top (93) develops, where transverse walls (94) form fittings for mounting the drive assembly (14), as well as said second box includes a lower closure ( 95) and rear closure (96), in the latter the ends of two parallel tubes (97) that extend backwards are fixed perpendicularly, where their rear ends are jointly interconnected with other side tubes (98), whose front ends are welded. at the corresponding lower vertices of the triangular frontal (88); the rear ends of the parallel tubes (97) have a coupling point (99) and a locking point (100), both in the form of recessed transverse holes, the first practiced in the tubes themselves (97), while the other is in two pieces of triangular plates (101) welded between the two tubes (97), where a coupling fitting is formed to the upper end of the fluffing device (16). 8) CASSAVA STARTER IMPLEMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive assembly (14), mounted longitudinally inside the header (13), comprises a usual cardan shaft (102), having the rear end connected, by universal joint, on an intermediate shaft (103) which, by means of bearings with bearings (104), is supported on those transverse walls (94) of the housing (93), after which said shaft is connected to a transmission housing (105). ) which, in addition to being housed inside the second box (93), also supports and is connected to a hydraulic pump (106). 9) CASSAVA STARTER IMPLEMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting separator (15), mounted under and in the front part of the pivoting header (13), comprises a vertical fork (107), defined by a part block-shaped top (108) with side holes for adjustable fixing (109) to the complementary wall (110) next to the box (90); on the lower side, said fork (107) is formed by two triangular plates (111), parallel, which are extensions of the block (108) and have a vertex facing backwards and the other downwards, the latter being crossed by an axis (112) , which also crosses a seesaw support (113) arranged between the plates (111), where said support has the lower end with another axis (114), having an end extended to the side, where it receives a cylindrical hub (115) externally with a cutting disc (116); the upper end of the seesaw support (113) is pivotally fixed to the end of a helical spring (117), the opposite end of which is coupled to the end of a regulating spindle (118) which, at the rear apex of the plates (111), passes through a threaded support (119). 10) CASSAVA RIPPING IMPLEMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluffing device (16) comprises two blades, one vertical (120) and one horizontal wing-shaped (121), both with sharp front edges, this the latter distributes wedge-shaped penetrating points (122), while the blade (120) ends in a point (123) with two holes, one of them with a locking pin (124) and the other with another pivot pin (125), both coupled at the corresponding coupling (99) and locking (100) points of the pivot header (13). 11) CASSAVA PULLING IMPLEMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that each puller trolley (17) comprises a structure with an ordinarily triangular cross-section formed, initially, by three longitudinal and parallel stringers, two of which are tubular lower stringers (126) and an inverted "U" profile top (127), this and the first two are interconnected by inverted "U" supports (128), equidistantly distributed, where the first front is recessed enough to leave the two ends of the stringers free (126), where one of them receives the tread (129), the same happens in the upper ends, however, at this point all of them are structurally interconnected by a box (130), parallelepiped, where the ends of the lower stringers (126) penetrate to a midpoint and are rigidly welded to the walls of said box (130), which also has two shaft ends (131) fixed in its anterior-superior corners. res, aligned with each other and facing outwards and fit into bearings (132) welded to the transom (46) of the frame (1); said box (130) has an upper closure (133) and, below it, there is another intermediate plate closure (134), forming a compartment (135) which, together with the bottom (136), form support points for a drive assembly formed by a hydraulic motor (137) fixed on the first upper closure (133) which, in turn, is crossed by the axis of said hydraulic motor which, inside the compartment (135), receives gear (138) and respective transmission chain (139), which, in addition to having the respective stretcher (140), is coupled to other gears (141) attached to the upper ends of shafts (142) which, in turn, vertically cross the box (130) and , under this, they receive other gears (143), aligned next to each other and also receive puller belts (144); each starter belt (144) is formed by a chain (145) which, on the inside, is coupled to the corresponding gear (143) and, on the outside, is coupled to a corrugated rubber belt (146), being that this coupling is repeated in the same way at the front end of the cart, where there is another pair of gears (147), similar to the first ones (143), however, their shafts rotate freely in bearings (148) and respective stretcher supports (149) secured under the ends of the lower stringers (126); along the puller mats (144) three types of devices are provided, the first two of which are guide devices (150) and (151), while the third is a gripper guide device (152), in which the first two are distributed along the outwardly facing portions of each puller belt (144), while the third gripper guide device (152) is positioned along the opposing portions of the puller belts (144); the first guide device (150) comprises a support (153) which, at one end, is fixed to the corresponding stringer (126) and is perpendicularly facing outwards, where its free end has a longitudinal slot (154) for adjustable fixing for the upper ends of the axles of a pair of freely rotating pulleys (155), between which the corresponding part of the belt (144) passes; the guide device (151) comprises a support and "L" (156), the upper end of which is perpendicularly bent and forms a fixing flap (157) on the corresponding stringer (126), while the lower flap (158) receives an angle bracket complement (159) and on which the corresponding part of the puller belt (144) passes between a support (160) and respective roller (161), the latter also having its axis adjustably fixed in the slot (162) of said support ( 160) perpendicularly secured against the first (157); and the third gripper guide device (152) comprises two vertical pulleys, a support pulley (163) and a floating gripper (164), between which the opposing parts of the puller belt (144) pass, wherein the first carrier pulley (163) has its axis (165) fixed to a support (166) which, in turn, is rigidly attached to the corresponding spar (126), while the other press pulley (164) has its axis (167) fixed to the end of a rocker arm (168) which, by means of a median articulation (169), is fixed to the other spar (126) and, the other end of said rocker arm (168) is articulately coupled to the end of a horizontal rod (170) which, in turn, it freely passes through a support (171) fixed to the same stringer (126) and, after such support, said rod is surrounded by a helical spring (172), having one end supported by said support (171), while on the opposite side is supported on the corresponding end of the rod (170). 12) CASSAVA RIGGER IMPLEMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting device (18), mounted on the front edge of the second upper floor (3) and inside the front rectangular frame (48) of the structure (1), comprising a tubular shaft (173) rotatably supported on bearings (174) arranged on supports (175) which, in turn, are welded inside the anterior rectangular frame (48) of the frame (1), where said shaft has a radial lever median (176), facing backwards, where its distal end is hingedly coupled to a hydraulic cylinder (177), whose other end is also hingedly coupled to a support (178) welded onto the midsection of the anterior rectangular frame (48) of the structure (1), and said shaft (173) has two radial arms (179), one at each end, both facing forward, whose ends end in coupling hooks with the upper ends of chains (180 ), having the lower ends fixed to the corresponding supports (128) of the starter carts (17). 13) CASSAVA PULLING IMPLEMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that each despinicator (19) has a "U" body (181), whose upper ends are integrated into other longitudinal "U" supports (182), having its terminals fixed under the box (130) and between the interlocking parts of the two starter belts (144) and, at this point, the "U" body (181) includes, on one side, an invitation rail for entrance (183) of the cassavas to be separated, while on the opposite side, at least one of the longitudinal "U" supports (182) have flexible probes (184); the fixing of the longitudinal "U" supports (182) under the box (130) is carried out together with two intermediate guides (185), in the form of rectangular plates, one on each side, whose upper sides have rows of gears (186 ), through which the adjacent parts of the starter belts (144) pass, below which is located a hydraulic mechanism mounted inside the "U" body (181) and has two vertical guides (187), along the which a sliding beam (188) is mounted, which, on the lower side, is connected to a vertical hydraulic cylinder (189), mounted on the base of the "U" body (181), while on the upper side, said beam (188) a cutting knife in the shape of a parallelepiped box (190), completely open at the top and bottom, the upper parts of which have sharp edges, while at the bottom a static cleaning bottom (191) is mounted on a support (192) integrated into the body (181). ). 14) CASSAVA PULLING IMPLEMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises, above the gears (186) and fixed to one of the spars (126), a plant detector sensor (193) before each depincher (19). 15) CASSAVA RIPPING IMPLEMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that the double discharge chute (20) comprises a plate closure (194), in two parts, one on each side, which extends transversely and closes the third lower side of the inclined side (5) of the structure (1), leaving only the rear opening (43) at the level of the intermediate belt (21) and which is aligned with the entrance mouth (23) of the vertical elevator (22); against such a closure, a longitudinal baffle (195) is fixed in two waters, the sharp upper part (196) being slightly inclined and, from that point downwards, its sides (197) open forming other ramps that, together with the closure of sheet metal (194) end in other vertical closures (198) and (199), the first close the rear side of the structure (1), while the other fits against the complementary structure (6), forming a free span (200) in front of the tread (7). 16) CASSAVA RIPPING IMPLEMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate mat (21) comprises a structural support platform (201), whose side edges are fixed from the inside of the two side closures (29) of the structure (1), while their ends end very close to two rollers, a free-rotating roller (202) with tensioner (203) and a traction roller (204), on which a conveyor (205) itself moves, having the upper side slidably supported on the structural support platform (201), while its side edges and ends fit under the corresponding parts of the ramp (39), the two side boards (40), the two rear boards (41) and the two corner prismatic pieces (42), forming a tapered section that ends in the rear opening (43) aligned with the entrance mouth (23) of the vertical elevator (22); the free-rotating roller (202) and the traction roller (204) have their ends with bearings (206) mounted on the side locks (29) of the frame (1), where one of the ends of the traction roller (204) receives gear (207) which, by means of a chain (208), gear (209), gears (210) and gear (211), is connected with a drive shaft (212) and a wiper roller (213), the latter with their ends equally bearing on the side walls of the chassis (1), while the drive axle (212) is shorter and has its ends with bearings (214) supported on the side walls of the chassis (1) and the complementary chassis ( 6), where such end receives another gear (215) which, by means of a chain (216), is coupled to the elevator (22). 17) CASSAVA RIPPING IMPLEMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that the elevator (22) comprises a duct-shaped body (217), with a rectangular cross section, while its ends are rounded (218), in which the upper , on the one hand, is fixed to the end of a longitudinal beam (219) having the other end fixed to that beam (46) of the frame (1); from the rear side, the upper end of said duct (217) extends backwards and downwards and configures the outlet mouth (24), as well as such rounded ends are equally traversed by lower (220) and upper (221) axis. , in which the lower one has its ends with bearings (222) mounted on the side walls (52) of the complementary structure (6), where one of them receives gear (223) intermeshed with the chain (216) of the belt (21), while that the upper shaft (221) has its ends also with bearings (224) mounted on the side walls of the duct (217), where one of them includes a turnbuckle (225), while the other has a gear (226) and respective chain (227) which also passes a turnbuckle (227a) and is coupled with the upper belt (25); on the inner side of the duct (217) the shafts (220) and (221) jointly pass through cylinders (228), both with ends equipped with gears (229), to which chains (230) are coupled, one on each side, interconnected between itself by several blades (231), transversal, folded in sheet metal, having the base folded in "U" with a connecting section (232) and two flaps, a short one (233) and a long one (234), the latter describes a certain inclination with an angle greater than 90° in relation to the chains (230) which, on the loading side, rest on a platform (235) transversely mounted and fixed on the inner faces of the side walls of the duct (217). 18) CASSAVA RIPPING IMPLEMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper mat (25) comprises a structure defined by sides (236) interconnected by an internal plate (237), as well as the rear ends of the sides (236). 236) are attached to the corresponding side of the vertical lift (22) by square corner plates (238), one on each side, which combine with another piece of plate (239) having the upper edge slanted forward and down and configures the ramp (240) of the exit mouth (24) of the elevator (22); at the ends of the sides (236) are also mounted two rollers, a traction roller (241), front, and a loco roller (242), rear, whose shaft ends (243) and (244) are rotatably supported on bearings ( 245) and (246), the latter combined with turnbuckles (247); on said rollers (241) and (242) a mat (248) itself extends, having the upper part slidably supported on the inner plate (237), while on the lower side they pass over structural beams (249) that also interconnect the lower edges of the sides (236); one of the axle ends (243) of the traction roller (241) passes the corresponding bearing (245) and, from the outside, receives two gears (250) and (251), in which the chain (227) is coupled to the first. ) of the vertical elevator (22), while the other also receives a second chain (252) which, in addition to passing through a stretcher (253), is also coupled to another gear (254), which in turn is solidly fixed to the shaft of a hydraulic motor (255) fixed on the inner side of one of the square corner pieces (238), this entire transmission assembly being embedded in side protection (256). 19) CASSAVA RIPPING IMPLEMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises structural plate complements, being a spacer (257) followed by a double fork (258), in which the first has the shape of a parallelepipedic block fixed against the wall (53) of the structural complement (6) of the chassis (1), while on the opposite side, in the same way, it receives the double fork (258) which, in turn, has a base plate (259), rectangular that, for On one side, it forms a point of attachment to the spacer (257) and, on the opposite side, two pieces of bifurcated sheets develop, having two parallel lower branches (260), equal to each other, and two upper parallel branches (261), also equal to each other, in which the first are horizontally straight and facing backwards and have their ends interconnected by a tube (262), while the other two parallel branches (261) have straight sections vertically oriented upwards (263), whose ends flex forward setting t horizontal rows (264), these and those first are supports and receive several upper (265) and lower (266) crossbars that combine with other vertical (267) and longitudinal (268) bars to form a structural cage with external side closures (269) and internal closures (270), configuring two boxes (271), equal, one on each side, forming a free span (272) between them and which constitutes accommodation for the tilting bag platform (27), as well as the front ends of such boxes are rounded (273) and fit close to the tread (7), while from the opposite or rear side each box includes steps (274) and, further, the upper sides of the two boxes (271) are closed by floors (275) externally surrounded by guardrails (276), tubular, while on the inner side those closures continue upwards and form other guardrails (277) with inwardly folded parts (278) and other setback details (279) that fit on the sides of the exit mat (25); in one of the workstations (26) the guardrail has mounting brackets (280) for a control panel (281). 20) CASSAVA RIPPING IMPLEMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that the tilting bagging platform (27) comprises a tube structure (282) in the form of a parallelepiped box with internal plate closures (283), while its side top and its rear side are completely open, and, furthermore, at their four corners the vertical uprights (284) extend upwards forming round spikes (285), a pair on each side, on which the locking device is fixed. release (28) of the bag (B); on the underside, that tube structure (282), has one of its beams (286) equipped with pairs of supports (287), each pair with a pivot pin (288) aligned with each other and with their free ends facing inwards, which pivotally penetrate the ends of the tube (262) of the double fork (258), where a hydraulic cylinder (289) has one end pivotally fixed by means of a pin (290) which passes through a "U" support ( 291) welded to a beam (292) existing on the corresponding side of the tube frame (282), while the other end of said hydraulic cylinder (289) is also pivotally fixed to another "U" bracket (293) welded to a beam tube (294) which, in turn, is fixed against the back side of the base plate (259) of the double fork (258). 21) CASSAVA RIPPING IMPLEMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that the bag release device (28) comprises two tubes (295) longitudinally fixed on the round ends (285) of the bagging platform (27) , one of them with the rear end having a pin vertically facing upwards (296), as well as these rear ends are also provided with lower bearings (297a), where each one of them, through a pin (297b), configures a pivot point for the corresponding end of an inverted "L" retaining hook (298), having a tip normally facing upwards, and further, in the middle part of each hook, the corresponding end of a steel cable (299) passing through the inside the corresponding tube (295) to the opposite end, where said steel cable (299) is coupled to a trigger (300) and, for that, at this end, each tube (295) is welded to a flange (301) that , on the one hand, is welded to the of the corresponding round tip (285), where such flange also fixes the rear ends of a pair of plates (302), parallelly spaced apart by a spacer (303), hollowed out by a hole (304), as well as followed by a pulley ( 305), rotatably mounted between said plates (302) and, after said pulley (305), the front ends of said plates (302), on both sides, are also rotatably pierced by the ends of a long synchronizer rod (306) that , between the plates (302) on each side is fixed the middle part of an "L"-shaped lever (307), having a shorter tip facing downwards (308) and a longer tip of handle (309) facing angularly towards above, in which the corresponding end of the steel cable (299) is coupled to the first (308) after passing through the interior of the flange (301), spacer (303) and over the pulley (305); other retention devices (310) are provided on the two tubes (295), each consisting of a short tube (311) which, in addition to including a radially outward-facing pin (312), is also rotatable on the corresponding tube (295). , where it has one end supported against an abutment ring (313) attached to the corresponding tube (295), while the other end rests against the flange (301) which, in turn, has a side cutout facing outwards (314) where penetrates the tip of an "L" bolt (315) slidably mounted on a tubular support (316) which is welded to the short tube (311).

Images