BR0210218A - Método de absorção para recuperar e método para separar componentes de c2+ de uma mistura lìquida pressurizada contendo c1 e c2+ - Google Patents
Método de absorção para recuperar e método para separar componentes de c2+ de uma mistura lìquida pressurizada contendo c1 e c2+Info
- Publication number
- BR0210218A BR0210218A BR0210218-8A BR0210218A BR0210218A BR 0210218 A BR0210218 A BR 0210218A BR 0210218 A BR0210218 A BR 0210218A BR 0210218 A BR0210218 A BR 0210218A
- Authority
- BR
- Brazil
- Prior art keywords
- liquid mixture
- pressurized liquid
- absorption
- components
- mixture
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title abstract 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title abstract 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/0238—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 2 carbon atoms or more
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
- F25J3/0209—Natural gas or substitute natural gas
- F25J3/0214—Liquefied natural gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/0233—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 1 carbon atom or more
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/0242—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 3 carbon atoms or more
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/08—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a triple pressure main column system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/70—Refluxing the column with a condensed part of the feed stream, i.e. fractionator top is stripped or self-rectified
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
- F25J2205/04—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum in the feed line, i.e. upstream of the fractionation step
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/50—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using absorption, i.e. with selective solvents or lean oil, heavier CnHm and including generally a regeneration step for the solvent or lean oil
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
- F25J2235/60—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being (a mixture of) hydrocarbons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
- F25J2240/30—Dynamic liquid or hydraulic expansion with extraction of work, e.g. single phase or two-phase turbine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
- F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/66—Closed external refrigeration cycle with multi component refrigerant [MCR], e.g. mixture of hydrocarbons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank
Abstract
"MéTODO DE ABSORçãO PARA RECUPERAR E MéTODO PARA SEPARAR COMPONENTES DE C~ 2+~ DE UMA MISTURA LìQUIDA PRESSURIZADA CONTENDO C~ 1~ E C~ 2+~". A invenção (Figura 1) é um processo de absorção para recuperar componentes de C~ 2+~ de uma mistura líquida pressurizada incluindo C~ 1~ e C~ 2+~. A mistura líquida pressurizada é pelo menos parcialmente vaporizada aquecendo a mistura líquida em um meio de transferência de calor (112). O meio de transferência de calor (112) provê refrigeração a um meio de absorção que é usado ao tratar a mistura vaporizada em uma zona de absorção. A mistura vaporizada é passada a uma zona de absorção que produz um primeiro fluxo enriquecida em C~ 1~ e um segundo fluxo enriquecido em componentes de C~ 2+~. A mistura líquida pressurizada é preferivelmente gás natural líquido pressurizado (GNLP) tendo uma pressão inicial acima de cerca de 1.724 kPa e uma temperatura inicial acima de -112<198>C. Antes de ser vaporizada, a mistura líquida pressurizada é preferivelmente elevada em pressão aproximadamente à pressão operacional desejada da zona de absorção.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US30212301P | 2001-06-29 | 2001-06-29 | |
PCT/US2002/019325 WO2003002921A1 (en) | 2001-06-29 | 2002-06-20 | Process for recovering ethane and heavier hydrocarbons from a methane-rich pressurized liquid mixture |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
BR0210218A true BR0210218A (pt) | 2004-06-08 |
Family
ID=23166351
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
BR0210218-8A BR0210218A (pt) | 2001-06-29 | 2002-06-20 | Método de absorção para recuperar e método para separar componentes de c2+ de uma mistura lìquida pressurizada contendo c1 e c2+ |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6564580B2 (pt) |
EP (1) | EP1412682A1 (pt) |
JP (1) | JP2004536176A (pt) |
KR (1) | KR20040015294A (pt) |
BR (1) | BR0210218A (pt) |
MX (1) | MXPA03011495A (pt) |
WO (1) | WO2003002921A1 (pt) |
ZA (1) | ZA200308730B (pt) |
Families Citing this family (26)
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US7069743B2 (en) * | 2002-02-20 | 2006-07-04 | Eric Prim | System and method for recovery of C2+ hydrocarbons contained in liquefied natural gas |
US7237391B1 (en) * | 2003-07-10 | 2007-07-03 | Atp Oil & Gas Corporation | Method for processing and transporting compressed natural gas |
US7240499B1 (en) * | 2003-07-10 | 2007-07-10 | Atp Oil & Gas Corporation | Method for transporting compressed natural gas to prevent explosions |
US7240498B1 (en) * | 2003-07-10 | 2007-07-10 | Atp Oil & Gas Corporation | Method to provide inventory for expedited loading, transporting, and unloading of compressed natural gas |
US9360249B2 (en) * | 2004-01-16 | 2016-06-07 | Ihi E&C International Corporation | Gas conditioning process for the recovery of LPG/NGL (C2+) from LNG |
US7159417B2 (en) | 2004-03-18 | 2007-01-09 | Abb Lummus Global, Inc. | Hydrocarbon recovery process utilizing enhanced reflux streams |
JP4452130B2 (ja) * | 2004-04-05 | 2010-04-21 | 東洋エンジニアリング株式会社 | 液化天然ガスからの炭化水素分離方法および分離装置 |
CN101027528B (zh) * | 2004-09-14 | 2011-06-15 | 埃克森美孚上游研究公司 | 加工液化天然气lng的方法和系统 |
US8097172B2 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2012-01-17 | Aker Kvaerner, Inc. | Recovery of organic compounds using a saturator |
US7519535B2 (en) | 2005-01-31 | 2009-04-14 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Frame erasure concealment in voice communications |
WO2006115597A2 (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2006-11-02 | Fluor Technologies Corporation | Integrated ngl recovery and lng liquefaction |
CA2616450C (en) * | 2005-07-25 | 2011-07-12 | Fluor Technologies Corporation | Ngl recovery methods and configurations |
CN101108978B (zh) * | 2006-07-19 | 2011-04-20 | 吕应中 | 碳氢化合物气体处理方法与装置 |
US8499581B2 (en) * | 2006-10-06 | 2013-08-06 | Ihi E&C International Corporation | Gas conditioning method and apparatus for the recovery of LPG/NGL(C2+) from LNG |
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US8470078B2 (en) * | 2008-03-12 | 2013-06-25 | Ihi E&C International Corporation | Process for removing tar from synthesis gas |
KR20090107805A (ko) | 2008-04-10 | 2009-10-14 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | 천연가스 발열량 저감방법 및 장치 |
US8707730B2 (en) * | 2009-12-07 | 2014-04-29 | Alkane, Llc | Conditioning an ethane-rich stream for storage and transportation |
US8524046B2 (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2013-09-03 | Uop Llc | Distillation column pressure control |
JP4745456B1 (ja) * | 2010-12-02 | 2011-08-10 | キャメロンジャパン株式会社 | Lpg留分回収装置 |
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JP2015506454A (ja) * | 2011-12-20 | 2015-03-02 | コノコフィリップス カンパニー | 動き環境下での天然ガスの液化 |
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MX2020002413A (es) * | 2017-09-06 | 2020-09-17 | Linde Eng North America Inc | Metodos para proporcionar refrigeracion en plantas de recuperacion de liquidos del gas natural. |
RU2722679C1 (ru) * | 2019-09-09 | 2020-06-03 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Газпромнефть Научно-Технический Центр" (ООО "Газпромнефть НТЦ") | Установка (варианты) и система (варианты) для отбензинивания попутного нефтяного газа, способ отбензинивания попутного нефтяного газа |
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2002
- 2002-06-20 KR KR10-2003-7016936A patent/KR20040015294A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-06-20 BR BR0210218-8A patent/BR0210218A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-06-20 JP JP2003508861A patent/JP2004536176A/ja active Pending
- 2002-06-20 EP EP02744420A patent/EP1412682A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-06-20 US US10/175,768 patent/US6564580B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-06-20 MX MXPA03011495A patent/MXPA03011495A/es unknown
- 2002-06-20 WO PCT/US2002/019325 patent/WO2003002921A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2003
- 2003-11-10 ZA ZA200308730A patent/ZA200308730B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ZA200308730B (en) | 2004-09-15 |
US6564580B2 (en) | 2003-05-20 |
KR20040015294A (ko) | 2004-02-18 |
MXPA03011495A (es) | 2004-03-19 |
JP2004536176A (ja) | 2004-12-02 |
US20030014995A1 (en) | 2003-01-23 |
WO2003002921A1 (en) | 2003-01-09 |
EP1412682A1 (en) | 2004-04-28 |
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