BG67419B1 - Device for six-sided processing of objects - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention finds application in the field of plasma and laser cutting as well as in the assembly of CNC metal processing machines. The essence of the invention is a device which involves providing three translational movements and simultaneously providing three rotational movements of the working tool (10), as the axis of the working tool E2 of the working tool (10) is displaced at a distance of Delta1 from the axis of first rotation and at a distance Delta 2 from the axis of second rotation. The device is implemented according to a kinematic scheme that contains a rotary module, which consists of a body (4) equipped with two parallel to each other U and V rotary motors, separately engaged to two coaxial shafts mounted in each other. To the body (4) is fastened a lever (5), ending with a quick connection (6) and at the end of the lever (5), via the quick connection (6), is coupled the working tool (10) or an extension (7) which ends in a rotary station (8) to which the working tool (10) is attached.

Description

(54) DEVICE FOR HEXAGON PROCESSING OF OBJECTS

Field of technique

The invention relates to a device for six-sided processing of objects, and in particular a parallelepiped, which can carry out cutting, painting, grinding and other technological operations related to processing materials in one installation, with the possibility of processing on different walls and sides of the machined object, and also when beveling or oblique cutting at a certain angle by means of a torch or torch for plasma cutting or laser processing. The invention finds application in the field of plasma and laser cutting or welding of metal objects. The invention can find application in the assembly of CNC machines for metal processing.

Prior art

A machine for processing bulky metal objects is known, which provides translational movement of the working tool in three Cartesian axes - X, Y, Z and rotation along two rotational axes. The machine consists of a gantry frame with rail movement providing X-axis translation and gantry frame cross-beam movement by a carriage drive providing Y-axis translation. A support arm is movably mounted to the carriage providing Z-axis translation. To the support arm is mounted with a motor which provides a first rotational movement in the Y-X plane, by means of a supporting axis, perpendicular to which a second axis is fixed, which provides a second rotational movement in the Z-X plane of the working tool (PCT application WO2016/061645).

In the mentioned device, all these movements are transmitted through the kinematic scheme in the usual way, namely one after the other. This leads to a long kinematic scheme, which in practice makes the facility bulky, with the need for large spaces to ensure all rotational movements, as well as a greater mass of the constituent elements. The greater mass of the component elements leads to greater moments of inertia during the implementation of the various movements of the working tool, from which greater drive powers are required. In addition, the degree, the planes of the processed object are limited, both in number and in function.

The task of the invention is to create a device for accurate movement of a welding tool or torch, in particular for plasma cutting, along the X, Y and Z axes with the possibility of six-sided processing of an object, for example, in the shape of a parallelepiped, in one pass with one setup and with the ability to reach any point on the surface of the parallelepiped-shaped part, at any angle of inclination of the tool relative to the surface, which is equal to the angle between the axis of the tool and the corresponding surface. At the same time, the device should be compact and driven with capacities lower than the known ones. To have the possibility, through a quick connection, to replace constituent elements that ensure mobility. This mobility is necessary when increasing or decreasing the amount and/or functions of the processed planes, as requested by the operator and according to the technological needs of a specific processing.

Technical essence of the invention

The task of the invention is solved by a device for six-sided processing of objects, made according to a rotary module for three rotary movements along three intersecting axes perpendicular to each other, as the central axis of the working tool, the one passing through its center along its length, is simultaneously displaced at two separate distances, relative to two of the axes of rotation, once at a distance relative to the axis of the first rotation and a second time at a distance from the axis of the second rotation, whereby in the working position the central axis of the working tool makes an arbitrary angle relative to two of the coordinate axes.

The rotary module consists of a body that is equipped with a U rotary motor and a V rotary motor mounted parallel to each other on the body. The two motors are separately engaged to two coaxial shafts located in the body, the axes of the shafts being perpendicular to the axes of the motors, the first shaft of which is hollow and the second is placed in the center of the hollow shaft coaxially with each other, with the shafts transmitting the rotation from the motors through a system of gears along two of the axes of rotation.

The U rotary motor is meshed to the hollow shaft by pairs of spur and bevel gears. By means of a U rotary motor and the hollow shaft engaged to it, the first rotation of the working tool along the U axis is carried out.

Attached to the body on which the motors are mounted is a shoulder body which houses a bevel gear reduction box which again reverses the direction of the axes of rotation from the V rotary motor, the shoulder body terminating in a quick coupling. The V rotary motor is mounted on the body immediately next to the U rotary motor, and through a system of pairs of gears - a primary pair of cylindrical gears, a secondary pair of bevel gears, is connected to the inner coaxial shaft, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the first rotation, but the other its end is connected to the bevel gear housed in the shoulder body, which changes the direction of rotation perpendicular to the first rotation, in which the second axis of rotation is formed - axis V, perpendicular to the first axis of rotation U. At the end of the shoulder body, an extension is coupled to the quick connection, in which a W rotary motor is placed, and the extension ends with a rotary station, to which the work tool is attached, and the rotary station, through the W rotary motor, provides rotation along a third rotary axis. Thus, the arm body, the quick link, together with the extension along the V axis, constitute an arm that ensures the distance Δ1 of the central axis of the working tool relative to the first axis of rotation in the range 50 mm - 1000 mm. The rotary motor mounted in the extension W, which is placed in its housing, by means of a bevel gear, performs the rotation along the third axis W. The extension, together with the rotary station along the axis W and their mutual location relative to the arm body, forms the second offset Δ2 of the central axis of the working tool relative to the second axis of rotation, which offset is in the range 0 mm - 250 mm.

An alternative case of implementation is when the central axis of the working tool is offset only one distance - the first offset of the central axis of the working tool relative to the first axis of rotation, which occurs in the case when the quick connection of the shoulder body is attached directly to the working tool, without the help of the extension and the rotary station, which kinematically lacks the third rotational movement and the third rotational axis (Fig. 1). In this case, the first offset distance, that between the intersection of the first rotation with the axis of the second rotation to the central axis of the working tool, is formed only by a part of the thickness of the shoulder body, together with the thickness of the quick link, but without the length of the extension, which constructively lacking. In this case, the second offset of the central axis of the working tool relative to the second axis of rotation is equal to 0. In this case, only two rotations remain, and the central axis of the working tool intersects the second axis of rotation, and the two axes lie in the plane formed by them.

The advantages of the device are that it achieves precise movement of the working tool along the three Cartesian axes during six-sided processing of the object, for example a parallelepiped, in one go with one setup. At the same time, the device is compact and driven by motors with low power and low electricity consumption. The kinematic scheme is compact, which is why the device, although it has great technological capabilities for processing objects from all sides, is compact. Through the quick connection, the working arm of the tool can be extended, adding a third axis of rotation, or shortened, which provides technological mobility.

Explanation of the attached figures

Figure 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the device with and without an extension, with a directly clamped tool.

Figure 2 shows a device for six-sided processing of objects with three axes of rotation, mounted on a metal cutting or welding installation in a gantry design, from which the spatial position of the device with respect to the translational axes is visualized.

Figure 3 shows a six-sided machining device mounted on a cantilevered metal cutting machine, in a direct torch-to-rotary version, with only two axes of rotation.

Examples of implementation of the invention

Example implementation 1.

A device was created for six-sided processing of objects, for example parallelepipeds, executed according to a kinematic scheme, which provides three rotations along three axes U, V and W and two linear displacements Δ1 and Δ2 of the central axis E2 of the working tool 10. Third axis of rotation W provides rotation in a plane parallel to the Z-Y plane, and its position provides a displacement of the working tool 10 at a distance Δ1 from the intersection of the axis of the first rotation U with the axis of the second rotation V. A second displacement is also carried out in the device, of the working tool 10, at a distance Δ2 from the axis of second rotation V. A third axis of rotation W is parallel to the first axis of rotation U and at the same time is located at a distance Δ1, which is equal to 500 mm.

In this exemplary embodiment, the device providing operation according to its described kinematic scheme is a rotary module 1, which includes a body 4, which is equipped with a U rotary motor 2 and a V rotary motor 3. The two motors are separately engaged to two coaxial shafts, the first of which is hollow, and the second is placed in the center of the hollow shaft, the shafts transmitting the rotation through a system of gears along the two axes U and V.

U rotary motor 2, through pairs of cylindrical and bevel gears is meshed to the hollow shaft. Through the U rotary motor 2 and the hollow shaft connected to it, a first rotation of the working tool is ensured, along the U axis. A shoulder body 5 is attached to the body with the motors, which houses a reduction box with a bevel gear, and the shoulder body 5 ends with quick link 6.

A V rotary motor 3 is mounted on the body 4, immediately and parallel to the first U rotary motor 2, as through a system of pairs of gears - a primary pair of cylindrical gears, a secondary pair of bevel gears, it is connected to the inner coaxial shaft that passes through the center of the axis of rotation U (the first rotation), and its other end is connected to the bevel gear housed in the arm body 5, in which the second axis of rotation V axis is formed, the gear thus described provides the second rotation. At the end of the shoulder body 5, an extension 7 is coupled to the quick connection 6, which ends with a rotary station 8, to which the working tool 10 is attached, and the rotary station ensures rotation along a third rotation axis W. Thus, part of the thickness of the shoulder body 5 (the intersection of axes U and V) with the thickness of the quick link 6, together with the length of the extension 7, constitute an arm that provides the distance Δ1, between the intersection of the axis of the first rotation U with the axis of the second rotation V and the central axis of the working tool E2. In the extension 7, a W rotary motor 9 is mounted, which is placed in its housing and, through a bevel gear, performs the rotation along the third axis W. The offset Δ2 of the axis E2 of the working tool 10, relative to the axis of the second rotation V in the specific embodiment, by the dimensions on the rotary station 8 and on the extension 7 is Δ2 = 50 mm from the beginning of the second axis of rotation V.

Rotary module 1 is mounted on a support beam 25 of a gantry installation. The gantry installation (fig. 2) consists of two parallel guides 20, on each of them mobile carts 21 are mounted and which are connected to each other by a cross beam 22. Through the carts 21, along the guides 20, a first translational movement is provided along the Cartesian axis X. Guides 23 are mounted on the transverse beam 22 in a plane perpendicular to the plane of first translational movement. A movable module 24 is mounted to the guides 23 of the transverse beam 22, which provides a second translational movement along the Cartesian axis Y. A supporting beam 25 is mounted to the movable module 24, for which the possibility of linear movement along the Z axis is structurally provided.

The action of the device according to the invention consists in the following. An object is positioned within the range of the facility. An operator sets, through special software, movements, as many in number and type as are necessary for positioning the tool - linear and rotary, corresponding to each desired operation. According to the preset program, the torch traverses the object on all sides, performing the operations set by the operator, whereby through the three axes of translation and the three axes of rotation, combined with the offsets Δ1 and Δ2 of the central axis of the working tool, the working tool can penetrate to all machined sides without having to reposition the object.

Example implementation 2.

In this exemplary embodiment, the device is made according to a kinematic scheme that does not include an extension 7 with a rotary station 8, which provides a third axis of rotation W (Fig. 1) and Δ2 = 0. The working tool 10 through a quick connection 6 is directly attached to the shoulder body 5 and only their length represents the distance Δ1 = 50 mm.

The device in this case is constructed with the two parallel guides 20 paired, (Fig. 3), and a supporting column 26 is movably mounted to them. Through it and the movement it can perform, a first translational movement along the Cartesian axis X is provided A bracket 27 is mounted to the support column 26, on which the guides 23 are attached. A movable module 24 is mounted to the guides 23 of the bracket 27, which provides a second translational movement along the Cartesian axis Y. A support beam 25 is mounted to the movable module 24, for which the ability to move linearly along the Z axis is structurally ensured.

Attached to the support beam 25 is a rotary unit 1 equipped with a U rotary motor 2 and a V rotary motor 3, which are separately engaged to two shafts, the first of which is hollow and the second is housed in the hollow shaft. U rotary motor 2, through a bevel gear is engaged to the hollow shaft, through which the rotation of the working tool along the U axis is ensured. To the body 4 is attached a shoulder body 5, which houses a bevel gear and a reducer, as a shoulder body 5 ends with a quick connection 6. Through the reducer in the shoulder body 5, the second axis of rotation V is obtained. The V rotary motor 3 of the rotary module 1 is engaged by a bevel gear with the second shaft, which passes through the hollow shaft and is connected at an angle with a shoulder body 5 at the end on which the second axis of rotation V is formed. The connection between the second shaft with the second axis of rotation V is provided by a reduction gear driven by a bevel gear, placed in a shoulder body 5. For the end of the axis V is attached the working tool 10, in this case a torch for cutting metals. The length of the shoulder body 5, together with the quick connection 6 with which it ends, constitute a shoulder that ensures the distance Δ1, between the axis of the first rotation U and the central axis of the working tool E2.

The device works as follows. When a command is given by an operator, the supporting beam 25 moves the rotary module 1 along the Z axis depending on the height, from the level of the working table of the processed object. At the same time, the U rotary motor 2 of the rotary module 1, through the hollow shaft, rotates along the U axis the carrier module 4, at an angle set by the operator, and at the same time, the V rotary motor 3, through the coaxial shaft and shaft along the V axis, rotates the working tool at a preset angle . Cutting or other processing of the processed object begins, according to a preliminary program, such as programmatically, the position of the tool is changed, in which the translational movements along the X, Y and Z coordinates, as well as the rotational coordinates along the U and V axes are set. In cases, in which the workpiece must be machined from below, the shoulder body 5, which provides the distance Δ1, allows the tool, through a series of translational movements along the three axes and rotational movements along the two, to pass under the machined object without interfering with the communications that feed the tool (air , energy, cooling), which is impossible in cases where the two axes of rotation and the axis of the tool intersect at one point or are negligibly close to each other.

Application of the invention

The invention finds application in the processing of objects, in different positions of one installation, without moving, which may consist of cutting, painting, grinding and other technological operations related to processing materials, as well as in beveling or oblique cutting at a certain angle by plasma cutting knife. The invention finds application in the field of plasma and laser cutting or welding of metal objects. The invention can find application in the creation of CNC machines, for positioning the working tool.

Claims (1)

Device for six-sided processing of objects, consisting of a portal frame or console, placed on rails, for movement on the X axis and transversely located on the portal frame or console - beam with trolley for movement on the Y axis, the trolley movably mounted Z-axis movement, with a rotary module mounted on the Z-axis support arm, consisting of a body on which a U rotary motor and a V rotary motor are mounted, the axles of which end in gears, to each of which is engaged shaft, the shafts being coaxial with each other, the axes of the motors for each of the rotations U and V, respectively, being located in the XY plane, perpendicular to each other and the two Cartesian axes, respectively, with the first shaft being connected to the U rotary motor is hollow, and the second shaft, which is connected to the V rotary motor is placed in the hollow shaft coaxially with its central axis, and the connection between the shafts and the motors is made by a system of gears and a gearbox with bevel gears, characterized in that the U rotary motor (2) and the V rotary motor (3) are mounted directly next to each other to a body (4) to which a shoulder body is attached (5), ending with a quick connection (6) to which the working tool (10) is coupled, which is attached directly to the shoulder body (5) by the quick connection (6), where the central axis E2 of the working tool (10) lies and intersects in a plane with the second axis of rotation V or to the quick connection (6) is coupled extension (7), which ends with a rotating station (8), whose axis of rotation is perpendicular to the axis of rotation V and parallel to axis of rotation U, the working tool (10) with central axis E2 is attached to the rotating station (8), whereby the set along the axis V of the shoulder body (5), the quick connection (6) together with the extension (7) form an arm of displacement Delta1, locked between the intersection of the axis of the first rotation U with the axis of the second p position V and the central axis of rotation E2 of the working tool (10), which displacement is in the range of 50-1000 mm, and in the extension (7) is mounted W rotary motor (9), which is housed in its housing and by conical gear gear forms a third rotation on the third axis W, as the set on the axis W of the extension (7) and the rotating station (8) form a displacement arm Delta2 on the central axis E2 of the working tool (10) relative to the second axis of rotation V, which displacement is in the range 0 mm-250 mm