BG3461U1 - Reactor for low temperature pyrolysis - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of facilities for utilization of solid household, agricultural waste, etc. The reactor comprises a cylindrical body (1), equipped at its inlet with a pipe for loading waste (2), and at its outlet - with a pipe for discharge of pyrolysis gases (3) and a pipe for load-off of solid fractions (4). Inside the body (1), there is an auger (5) mounted along its length, the axis (6) of which is mounted via bearings at both ends of the body (1). To the axis (6) of the auger (5) is connected a drive mechanism (8), located outwards the body (1). The axis (6) of the auger (5) is hollow and a flame tube (9) is mounted therein, in which a gas burner (10) is inserted from the side of the inlet of the body. Around the body (1) of the reactor is made a casing (11) on the lower inner side of which are mounted at least three gas burners (10), oriented in a tangential direction to the body (1). In the upper part of the casing (11) there is a pipe (12) for flue gases discharge. In the combustion chamber of each of the gas burners (10) of the reactor is made an opening, to which by means of an air duct is connected an air turbine with adjustable air flow.

Description

Field of technology

The utility model refers to the field of facilities for utilization of solid household and agricultural waste, as well as waste from polymeric materials, rubber products, wood, etc.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Of the utility model is register number 3245, published in the Official Bulletin of the Patent Office of the Republic of Bulgaria from 16.09.2019, is a known reactor for low-temperature pyrolysis, including hermetic body is cylindrical shape, steel is acid-base resistance, equipped at the entrance it is a pipe for loading waste, and at its outlet it is a pipe for removal of pyrolysis gases and a pipe for unloading of solid fractions. The waste loading pipe is located at one end of the housing, and the pyrolysis pipe and the solid discharge pipe are located at the opposite end. Inside the housing, an auger is mounted along its length, the axis of which is centered relative to the housing and mounted at both ends. A drive mechanism is connected to the axis of the auger, located outside the housing, on the side of its entrance. The axis of the auger is hollow and a flame tube is installed in it, in which a gas burner is inserted on the side of the inlet of the housing. Around the reactor vessel is a cladding of refractory bricks, located in the section between the pipe for loading waste and the pipe for unloading solid fractions. At least three gas burners are mounted on the lower inner side of the casing, arranged evenly in a straight line along the casing and oriented in a tangential direction to the housing. A flue gas pipe is made in the upper part of the casing.

The known low temperature pyrolysis reactor operates by feeding a pre-dried and heated to a temperature of about 150 to 200 ° C waste product from the waste loading pipe, from which non-recyclable materials, such as materials such as ferrous and non-ferrous metals, concrete, stones, glass, etc. In the reactor vessel, the product is intensively mixed through the auger. At the same time, the product is heated to a temperature of about 400 to 550 ° C, by means of the gas burners located in the lower part of the casing, as well as by means of the gas burner in the hollow axis of the auger. The gases released during the heating of the utilization product are discharged for further processing through the pyrolysis exhaust pipe. Non-recyclable materials are discharged through the solids discharge pipe. The flue gases from the gas burners located in the casing are discharged through the pipe made in its upper part, and the flue gases from the gas burner located in the hollow axis are discharged through the outlet of the flame tube mounted in the shaft.

The known reactor is a highly efficient waste disposal facility, which can be further improved by introducing means to increase the efficiency of gas burners.

Technical essence of the utility model

The purpose of the utility model is to create a reactor design for low temperature pyrolysis, through which to achieve better combustion of fuel in gas burners, compared to that of the known state of the art reactor.

The goal is achieved by the proposed according to the utility model low temperature pyrolysis reactor, including an airtight housing is cylindrical in shape, steel is acid-base resistance, equipped at its inlet is a pipe for waste disposal, and at its outlet is a pipe for pyrolysis gases and pipe for unloading of solid fractions. The waste loading pipe is located at one end of the housing, and the pyrolysis pipe and the solid discharge pipe are located at the opposite end. Inside the housing, an auger is mounted along its length, the axis of which is centered relative to the housing and mounted at both ends. A drive mechanism is connected to the axis of the auger, located outside the housing, on the side of its entrance. The axis of the auger is hollow and a flame tube is installed in it, in which on the side of the inlet

5670 Descriptions to certificates for registration of utility models № 03.1 / 16.03.2020 of the housing, a gas burner is inserted. Around the reactor vessel is a cladding of refractory bricks, located in the section between the pipe for loading waste and the pipe for unloading solid fractions. At least three gas burners are mounted on the lower inner side of the casing, arranged evenly in a straight line along the casing and oriented in a tangential direction to the housing. A flue gas pipe is made in the upper part of the casing. An opening is made in the combustion chamber of each of the gas burners of the reactor, to which an air turbine with adjustable air flow is connected by means of an air duct.

The air turbine is used to inject air through the duct to the combustion chamber of the gas burner. The introduction of the turbine creates an opportunity for precise regulation of the amount of air supplied to the gas burner, depending on the flow rate and the quality of the fuel used. As a result, better combustion of the fuel in the combustion chamber of the gas burner is achieved, compared to that of the state-of-the-art reactor. This in turn results in a higher efficiency of the reactor according to the utility model.

Explanation of the attached figures

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of the low temperature pyrolysis reactor according to the utility model.

Figure 2 shows in block form the connection between a gas burner and its corresponding air turbine.

Exemplary implementation of the utility model

An exemplary embodiment of the low temperature pyrolysis reactor according to the utility model is shown in Figures 1 and 2. The reactor comprises a cylindrical hermetic housing 1 of acid-alkali resistance steel provided at its inlet with a waste loading pipe 2, and at its outlet - with a pipe for removal of pyrolysis gases 3 and a pipe for unloading of solid fractions 4. The pipe for loading of waste 2 is located at one end of the housing 1, and the pipe for removal of pyrolysis gases 3 and the pipe for unloading of solids fractions 4 are located at its opposite end. Inside the housing 1, an auger 5 is mounted along its length, the axis 6 of which is centered relative to the housing 1 and mounted on bearings 7 located at both ends. To the axis 6 of the auger 5 is connected a drive mechanism 8, located externally relative to the housing 1, on the side of its inlet. The shaft 6 of the auger 5 is hollow and a flame tube 9 is mounted in it, in which a gas burner 10 is inserted from the inlet side of the housing 1. Around the reactor housing 1 a casing 11 of refractory bricks is made, located in the area between the pipes for loading waste 2 and the pipe for unloading solid fractions 4. At least three gas burners 10 are mounted on the lower inner side of the casing 11, located evenly in a straight line along the casing 11 and oriented in a tangential direction to the housing 1. In the upper part of the casing lie made a pipe 12 for the removal of flue gases. An opening 10.2 is made in the combustion chamber 10.1 of each of the gas burners 10 of the reactor, to which an air turbine 14 with adjustable air flow is connected by means of an air duct 13.

5671 Descriptions to utility registration certificates № 03.1 / 16.03.2020

Claims (1)

Claims 1. Reactor for low-temperature pyrolysis, comprising an airtight housing (1) is cylindrical in shape, made of steel acid-alkaline resistance, equipped at its inlet is a pipe for loading waste (2), and at its outlet - is a pipe for draining pyrolysis gases (3) and a pipe for unloading solid fractions (4), the pipe for loading waste (2) is located at one end of the housing (1), and the pipe for pyrolysis gases (3) and the pipe for unloading solid fractions (4) are located at its opposite end, where inside the housing (1), along its length is mounted an auger (5), whose axis (6) is centered relative to the housing (1) and mounted on bearings (7). ) located at both ends, and to the axis (6) of the auger (5) is connected a drive mechanism (8) located outside the housing (1) on the side of its entrance, where the axis (6) of the auger (5) ) is hollow and a flame tube (9) is mounted in it, in which a gas burner (10) is inserted from the side of the inlet of the housing (1). , around the reactor vessel (1) a casing (11) of refractory bricks is made, located in the section between the waste loading pipe (2) and the pipe for unloading solid fractions (4), whereby on the lower inner side of the casing (11) are mounted at least three gas burners (10), located evenly in a straight line along the length of the casing (11) and oriented in a tangential direction to the housing (1), and in the upper part of the casing (11) is made a pipe (12). ) for flue gas discharge, characterized in that an opening (10.2) is made in the combustion chamber (10.1) of each of the gas burners (10) of the reactor, to which an air turbine (14) is connected by means of an air duct (13). is an adjustable air flow.