BG112748A - Shot with directed flow of high speed kinetic elements - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates toa shot with combat unit, intended for defence or striking down of different objects, including low flying targets, light armoured equipment, manpower and weaponry equipment of the enemy, located at open places in field-type trenches and shelters in brick or concrete defences. The effectiveness of the shot is due to forming of directed flow from the battle unit of high speed kinetic striking elements. The shot consists of a grenade with a battle part and a driving unit, linked thereto, whereby the battle part (1) consists of a casing (4), in which is situated a bottom explosive device (5) and rupturing charge (6), and in the front part of the rupturing charge (6) is fitted a spherical metal plate (8) with attached spherical metal grid (14) thereto, as in the inside of the rupturing charge, above the bottom explosive device is pressed-in a screening element (7).

Description

SHOT WITH A DIRECTED FLOW OF HIGH-SPEED KINETIC ELEMENTS

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a shot with a directed flow of high-velocity kinetic elements, which can find application in combat operations on land and air and is intended for the destruction and destruction of various objects such as anti-tank guided missiles, cumulative, tandem, thermobaric , fragmentation and other types of grenades for the protection of strategic objects and armored vehicles, as well as for hitting low-flying targets, light armored vehicles, manpower and enemy firepower located in open places in trenches and shelters of the field type in brick and concrete structures.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Known and used in practice are shots of different design, such as a grenade (PG-18), designed to hit different types of targets, which consists of a warhead, including a hull with a cumulative warhead located in front of it. a part comprising an explosive, an explosive device and striking elements, in which a jet engine is connected to the warhead. In the hull of the warhead are provided radially oriented inclined holes designed to release the gunpowder gases emitted during the operation of the jet engine, which give a rotational movement of the warhead. The rotation of the warhead around the axis also improves the accuracy of firing, which has an effective action at a distance of about 200 m, as the cumulative charge provides the ability to hit targets with a thickness of armor up to 300 mm.

A disadvantage of the described construction is the limited range of the warhead and armor penetration, as well as the impossibility of impact on targets located in trenches.

Patent publication RU 2118788 C1 is known, which describes a fragmentation grenade consisting of a front oversized part containing an explosive and an explosive device and a metal explosive block filled with prefabricated striking elements.

The disadvantages of the described fragmentation grenade are expressed in the low efficiency of hitting the targets, which is mainly due to the design of the front over-caliber cumulative fragmentation warhead, the implementation of which does not allow to use much of the metal and mass as part of the striking elements. . Additionally, when the warhead is detonated before reaching the hit target, the hitting elements are scattered in a limited circular field, practically not spreading in the axial direction.

Patent publication RU 2362962 is known, which describes a fragmentation grenade consisting of a front caliber, a cumulative fragmentation warhead and an associated caliber consisting of a jet engine and a stabilizer. The over-calibrated cumulative fragmentation warhead consists of interconnected front and rear sections, the front section comprising a striking unit consisting of a housing filled with explosive, in which a fuse equipped with an inertial sensor is placed in the rear of the housing and delay. The rear section of the warhead consists of a steel body in which is located an explosive device and a pyrotechnic charge connected through a channel to the detonator. The described construction of the warhead allows variant embodiments in which the explosive device is a contact or command type.

A disadvantage of the described grenade is the limited striking ability of the shot, as long as the entire mass of the cumulative fragmentation warhead is not used, as well as the limited dimensions of the struck field.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the invention is to provide a shot with a directed flow of high-speed kinetic elements, which is filled with an advanced grenade warhead, which is characterized by a simple and technological for production, providing effective action in the fight against anti-tank guided missiles, cumulative, tandem, thermobaric, fragmentation and other types of grenades to protect strategic targets and armored vehicles, as well as to hit low-flying targets, lightly armored and armored vehicles and other enemy equipment, as well as manpower, thanks to effective action of a properly formed combat unit.

The problem is solved by firing a directed stream of high-velocity kinetic elements, consisting of a grenade including a warhead and a drive unit connected behind it, which uses the energy of the detonation products of the explosive, controlled by a cone-spherical energy generator. (screen), designed to ensure the dynamic deformation of the spherical metal cladding of the warhead and its elements, resulting in the formation of a concentrated flow of high-speed kinetic elements.

The shot consists of a warhead comprising a housing in which a bottom explosive device and an explosive charge are arranged in series from rear to front, and the front part of the explosive device is attached to the front part of the housing, which is connected to the bottom part by a wire. the explosive device.

[UN] According to the invention, a shielding element is pressed into the bottom explosive device and inside the charge, and a spherical plate and a fixing ring are mounted in front of it, in which a connecting cone fixed to the front of the housing is fixed by means of a deformable connection. a remote cylindrical sleeve connected in turn to the front of an explosive device.

The housing is cylindrical in shape and is preferably made of glass-filled polyamide.

According to a preferred embodiment of the shot, the object of the invention is the housing of the warhead part made of steel, and tension concentrators are made (applied) on the outer cylindrical part.

The shielding element is located between the bottom detonator and the spherical plate and is designed as a double convex body, which has a spherical shape from the side to the bottom detonator and the explosive charge, and has the shape of a truncated cone on the side of the spherical plate, with rounded transitions from one surface to another.

The shielding element is preferably made of dense inert material, as its geometric parameters and shape are consistent with the design features of the particular warhead.

According to a preferred embodiment of the warhead, the spherical plate is metal, with a wall thickness of 3 to 6 mm. and a central angle of the solution from 110 ° to 170 °.

The spherical plate is suitably made of a plastically deformable metal material, for example copper or pure iron (type ARMKO), capable of absorbing high tensile stresses.

According to one variant embodiment, the spherical metal plate is made with a variable wall thickness of 3 - mm, progressively decreasing from the top to the base.

According to a preferred embodiment of the warhead, the spherical metal plate mounted in the interior of the housing is made with a metal grid fixed to the rear and side, the shape of which is identical to the shape of the metal plate.

The spherical metal grille is made of structural steel with a constant wall thickness of 3 to 5 mm, with symmetrically shaped holes over the entire surface, with a diameter of 10 to 40 mm.

According to a variant embodiment of the warhead, a metal spherical plate is mounted in the inner space of the housing, to the front surface of which prefabricated kinetic elements are attached.

The kinetic elements may be in a different shape, preferably a cube, a polygon, a sphere or another shape.

The detonating device is designed as a front-bottom protection type, the front part comprising an electronic proximity location system consisting of a non-contact optical distance sensor and a pair of optoelectronic devices - LED / phototransistor.

According to a preferred embodiment, the detonator is designed as a bottom detonator with three degrees of protection, respectively electrical, inertial and pyrotechnic,

According to a preferred embodiment, the electronic system includes a radio sensor located at the front and comprising an autodine connected to a processor unit and an amplifier of the radio sensor output signal.

The directional flow shot according to the invention is characterized by improved efficiency in striking objects of different types and locations, which is expressed in increased striking ability, as well as providing a significantly larger shrapnel field. The elements of the warhead are designed and arranged so that when detonated, the detonation products act on the spherical plate and the grid, whereby due to the design of the two elements formed a directed flow of high-speed compact moving striking elements (depending on the amount of the lattice openings), as well as kinetic elements obtained from the destruction of the spherical lattice, moving in the direction of the flight of the grenade, while the provided stress concentrators on the cylindrical part of the hull contribute to radial propagation of the finished striking kinetic elements and in this way they further increase the effectiveness of hitting all targets and objects in the area of action.

The efficiency of the warhead is also due to the appropriately shaped shielding element pressed into the explosive charge, insofar as the specifically shaped double spherical body of inert material, with its geometric parameters performs the function of an energy generator, controlling the front of the explosively formed the detonation wave in such a way that it fits simultaneously on the entire outer forming of the spherical lining, while at the same time favoring the achievement of maximum acceleration of the formed kinetic elements.

The construction of the warhead is significantly simplified and at the same time technological for production.

DESCRIPTION OF THE ATTACHED FIGURES

The directional shot of high-kinetic kinetic elements of the invention is explained in more detail by means of the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 shows a general view of a grenade shot comprising a warhead and a stabilizer drive unit according to the invention.

FIG. 2 - shows a general view of the grenade with a warhead and propulsion unit.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a warhead of FIG. 1.

Figure 4. - shows a cross section of a variant of the warhead with a spherical plate and a spherical grid

Fig.4.1 - shows variants of arrangement of the holes on the spherical lattice. Fig. 5 shows a variant embodiment of the warhead, with a spherical plate and ready striking elements attached to the front part.

Fig. 5.1 - shows variants of arrangement of ready striking elements, with different company, attached to the spherical plate.

EXAMPLE EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION.

Hereinafter, an exemplary embodiment of a shot with a directed flow of high-velocity kinetic striking elements will be presented, and the described design features and parameters of the individual elements and assemblies may be applied in various embodiments and modifications, wherein equivalent action or functional purpose and provide the described beneficial effect of the use of the shot object of the invention. In this sense, the exemplary embodiment of the shot according to the invention should be considered and interpreted as an illustration of the idea of the proposed technical solution, which does not limit the use of other variant embodiments.

The invention is better illustrated by the following embodiment.

A shot with high-speed kinetic elements according to the invention consists of a warhead part 1 and a drive unit consisting of a jet engine 2 and a gunpowder starting charge with a stabilizer 3. (Fig. 1) The warhead part 1 includes a housing 4 made of glass-filled polyamide, with a cylindrical-spherical shape, in which are located successively "rear-forward" bottom detonator 5, the front part of which is covered by a charge 6 containing a high explosive, in which is pressed a shielding element 7, and a spherically shaped metal plate 8 is mounted in front of the shielding element 8. A fixing ring 9 is mounted in front of the spherical plate 8, and a connecting cone 10 is fixedly attached to the front part of the housing 1, for example by a threaded connection, by means of a deformable connection with a cylindrical sleeve. 12. To the cylindrical sleeve 12 is attached the front part of the detonating device 13, which by means of a wire 11 is connected to the bottom part of the explosive device. and the detonator 5.

According to a preferred embodiment, the housing 4 of the warhead 1 can be made of steel, and tension concentrators can be applied to the outer cylindrical part, the purpose of which is to form radially propagating kinetic elements upon rupture, which can have rectangular, square, rhomboid, etc. forms, the mass of which is preferably not less than 0.001 kg.

A characteristic feature of the warhead 1 is the design of the shielding element 7 located between the bottom detonator 5 and the explosive charge 6 and the spherical plate 8, which is formed as a double convex body, whereby from the side to the bottom detonator 5. has a spherical shape, and on the side of the spherical plate 8 has the shape of a truncated cone with rounded transitions from one surface to another. The shielding element 7 is preferably made of a dense inert material, as its geometrical parameters and shape are in accordance with the design features of the specific warhead 1, respectively with the affected objects to which the shot will be applied.

According to a preferred embodiment of the warhead, the spherical metal plate 8 is formed with a variable wall thickness progressively decreasing from the top to the base (from the most convex part to the ends of the plate).

According to a preferred embodiment of the warhead 1, the spherically formed metal plate 8 mounted in the interior of the housing 4 is made with a metal grid 14 fixed in the rear and side, (Fig. 4), the shape of which is identical to the shape of the the metal plate 8.

A characteristic feature is that the spherical grid 14 is made of structural steel with a constant wall thickness of 3 to 5 mm with symmetrically shaped holes over the entire surface / Fig. 4.1 /, with a diameter of 10 to 40 mm, the amount of is determined constructively depending on the functional need.

According to a variant embodiment of the warhead part 1, a metal spherical plate 8 is mounted in the inner space of the housing 4, to the front surface of which kinetic elements 15 (Fig. 5) are attached. The kinetic elements 15 can be made of different shapes, preferably a cube, a polygon, a sphere, and other shapes, (Fig. 5.1).

According to the invention in the warhead 1 it is suitable to use metal plates 8 with isotropic mechanical properties and fine-grained structure of the grain of the material, with a central angle of the solution from 110 ° to 170 °, as well as a bursting charge 6 containing homogeneous explosives.

The spherical metal plate 8 facilitates the production of strong shock waves in a dense gas from the detonation products moving at a speed of 16 ... 20 km / s. In the process of dynamic deformation of the spherical lining 8, the gas formed from the detonation products in the shock wave is heated to a temperature greater than 100,000 K.

Depending on the nature and type of the affected targets, it is suitable for the metal plate 8 to be made of a plastically deformable material capable of absorbing high tensile stresses (copper or pure ARMKO iron). Under the action of the explosive flow of the material of the metal plate 8, the crystals of the structure become filamentous, the length of which depends on their size and the properties of the crystallographic direction.

The spherically formed metal plate 8 can also be made of materials with the same crystallographic orientation of the grains and with a uniform columnar structure oriented along the normal to the forming surface of the metal plate 8. The main mechanical properties of the crystals, as well as the density, speed of sound, dynamic contraction, etc. are tensors and vector quantities that are different in different crystallographic directions. For example, when using a metal plate 8 of copper, depending on the crystallographic direction of the grains, the speed of sound in the plate 8 varies from 2.8 km / s to 4.7 km / s, thus the maximum speed of the formed The high-velocity kinetic element and its length can vary depending on the crystallographic direction of the grains of the material of the metal plate 8. As a result of the described dependence on the crystallographic direction of the grains, the density of the formed high-velocity kinetic element increases up to 1.5 times. .

A characteristic feature of the dynamic deformation of the spherical plate 8 is that the formed texture and microstructure of the material, plasticity, speed of sound and other mechanical parameters of the material are established in the direction normal to the surface of the spherical plate 8, which allows to a high-speed compact element is formed with a higher maximum speed in the range of 1.25 to 1.5 times higher depending on the materials used (copper, copper alloys, aluminum and aluminum alloys, iron, tantalum, etc.).

Another characteristic feature in the process of dynamic explosive deformation of the spherical metal plate 8 and the further inertial flow is that in the middle behind the front of the detonation wave processes take place which help to establish thermodynamic equilibrium.

According to the invention, the detonating device (5,13) is designed as a front-bottom protection type, where the front part 13 is made as an electronic system for close location, and the bottom part 5 is constructed with three degrees of protection, respectively electric, inertial and pyrotechnic, thus ensuring the necessary safety in case of official manipulation, in case of firing, as well as ensuring safe long-term erection / actuation /.

A characteristic feature is that the bottom-bottom detonating device (5, 13) provides non-contact action and a distance of rupture of the warhead of 6 ... 10 meters from the target, the distance of erection can be determined in production conditions, within effective limits, depending on the targets struck.

A characteristic feature of the warhead 1, in particular of the unit for explosive formation of high-speed kinetic elements is its structural design and sizing, as well as the relative position of the metal spherical cladding 8, the explosive 6 and the energy generator 7, which determines their action in such a way that after the initiation of the explosive 6 from the bottom explosive device 5, the metal spherical metal plate 8, as a result of the formed detonation wave front is deformed dynamically and practically forms a concentrated flow of high-speed compact striking elements providing effective striking action in the area of action.

The propulsion unit of the shot according to the invention consists of a jet-propulsion engine and a starting gunpowder engine with a stabilizer, not shown in the figures. Depending on the targets hit, it is possible to use a drive unit that uses a two-mode jet engine with a stabilizer.

ACTION OF THE INVENTION

The use of the high-velocity kinetic element shot described so far can be represented as follows:

The warhead part 1 is connected to a drive unit / carrier /, consisting of a jet engine 2 and a starting gunpowder charge 3 or a two-stage jet engine with a stabilizer, and after firing under the action of the generated reactive force from the starting gunpowder charge 3, the grenade begins to move and performs translational-rotational movement, as a result of which linear-inertial forces act. The inertial mechanisms of the flame retardant-igniter of the jet engine 2 and of the front-bottom detonator (5, 13) of the warhead 1 are activated.

After a predetermined period of time from the flight path, the inertial mechanisms cease to operate, at which the jet engine 2 is actuated and the bottom detonator 5 goes into combat position, i. the grenade is ready to hit the target.

When approaching the shot at a distance of 6 ... 10 m from the target, the detonating device (5,13) is activated, which gives a detonation impulse to the explosive charge 6.

Due to the construction of the warhead 1, a detonation wave front is formed, with a certain shape and characteristics that dynamically deform the spherical metal plate 8, whereby a high-speed compact striking element is formed, the mass of which is 90% of the initial mass of the spherical plate 8 and moves with an initial velocity of 2.5 ... 3 m / s.

At the same time, the products formed during the detonation propagate in a radial direction, forming a radial field of impact in the area of action of the warhead 1.

In case the grenade does not meet a target or a barrier, it goes into the next self-liquidation mode, automatically triggering the detonating device 5, which delivers a detonation pulse to the explosive charge 6 of the explosive.

Due to the above-described design of the warhead 1, the detonation of the explosive forms a detonation wave front with a certain shape and characteristics, also determined by the shielding element 7, acting as an energy generator that dynamically deforms. the spherical metal plate 8 and the metal grid 14, as a result of which a concentrated, high-speed flow of kinetic striking elements is formed, moving with an initial velocity of 2.5 ... 3 m / s. The resulting high-velocity flow of kinetic striking elements continues its movement in the direction of the initially set trajectory of the grenade, maintaining its integrity and kinetic energy at a distance of tens of meters, up to 100 m and more, causing damage to the target.

The armor-piercing effect of high-velocity kinetic elements is also accompanied by an armor-piercing effect characteristic of the interaction and drilling of armor steel from kinetic munitions.

1. Combat unit;

2. Jet engine;

3. Starting gunpowder charge with stabilizer;

4. Corps of the combat unit;

5. Bottom of the explosive device;

6. Explosive of the explosive charge;

7. Shielding element / energy generator /

8. Spherical metal plate;

9. Clamping ring;

10. Coupling cone;

11. Conductor;

12. Remote sleeve;

13. Front part of the explosive device;

14. Spherical metal lattice;

15. Finished kinetic elements.

Claims (12)

PATENT CLAIMS A shot consisting of a grenade with a warhead and a propulsion unit connected to it, consisting of a jet engine with a stabilizer attached to it, the warhead comprising a housing in which a bottom detonator and an explosive charge are arranged successively from rear to front and to the front part of the housing is attached to the front part of the detonator, which is connected by a wire to the bottom of the detonator, characterized in that a shielding element / 7 is pressed to the bottom detonator / 5 / and inside the charge / 6 /. /, and a spherically shaped plate / 8 / and a fixing ring / 9 / are mounted in front of it, whereby in the front part of the housing / 4 / a fixed coupling cone / 10 / is fixed, connected fixedly by means of a deformable connection with a remote cylindrical sleeve / 12 /, in turn connected to the front part of an explosive device / 13 /. Shot according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing (4) has a cylindrical shape and is preferably made of glass-filled polyamide. Shot according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing (4) of the warhead (1) is made of steel, and tension concentrators are arranged (applied) on the outer cylindrical part. Shot according to claim 1, characterized in that the Shielding element (7) is located between the bottom detonator (5) and the spherical plate (8) and is designed as a double convex body which is sideways towards the bottom detonator (7). 5 / and the rupture charge / 6 / has a spherical shape, and on the side of the spherical plate / 8 / has the shape of a truncated cone, with rounded transitions from one surface to another. Shot according to claim 1, characterized in that the shielding element (7) is made of a dense inert material. Shot according to claim 1, characterized in that the spherical plate (8) is metal, with a wall thickness of 3 to 6 mm. and a central angle of the solution from 110 ° to 170 °. Shot according to claim 1, characterized in that the spherical plate (8) is made of a plastically deformable metal material, for example copper or pure iron (type ARMKO), capable of absorbing high tensile stresses. Shot according to claim 1, characterized in that the spherical metal plate (8) is made with a variable wall thickness of 3 mm, progressively decreasing from the top to the base. Shot according to claim 1, characterized in that the spherical metal plate (8) mounted in the inner space of the housing (4) is made of a metal lattice (14) fixed to the rear and side, the shape of which is identical to the shape of the the metal plate / 8 /. Shot according to Claim 1, characterized in that the spherical metal grid (14) is made of structural steel with a constant wall thickness of 3 to 5 mm, with symmetrically shaped holes over the entire surface, with a diameter of 10 to 40 mm. mm. Shot according to claim 1, characterized in that a metal spherical plate (8) is mounted in the inner space of the housing (4), to the front surface of which ready kinetic elements (15) are attached. Shot according to claim 1, characterized in that the kinetic elements (15) are of a different shape, preferably a cube, a polygon, a sphere or another shape.