BG109608A - Insulation material composition and method for production of articles therefrom - Google Patents

Abstract

The composition and method are intended for preparing materials for the construction industry. The material obtained from the composition is environmentally friendly, does not release harmful substances during direct fire. Immediate aging, protects against UV rays the rooms lined with it. It is not combustible and has a high thermal and acoustic insulation. Recyclable 100%. The composition includes in% %: granular heat insulating material 3 to 73, fibrous material 5 to 15, heat resistant clay 5 to 20, kaolin 5 to 15, glue 5 to 10, aluminum oxide from 2 to 70. Depending on the desired properties and external viscosity the final product, such as perlite and / or ceramsite, may be used as thermo-insulating material, the acrylic material may be mineral wool and / or fibrous. Suitably the composition also includes lightweight cement of 5 to 50% v / v. The manufacturing process involves mixing the ingredients and mixing them to obtain a homogeneous homogeneous mass. It is poured into molds, then pressed for 3-7 min until excess mechanical moisture is removed and dried in a microwave for about 1-1.5 h. The finished products are removed and further processing, eg painting and / or impregnation, is possible.

Description

FIELD OF APPLICATION

The invention relates to insulation material, which will be used mainly in construction and wherever necessary to provide thermal and noise insulation, including the construction of internal partition walls.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is well known in the art for insulating material consisting of expanded styrofoam. It is usually produced in the form of boards. Depending on its density obtained during expansion, its characteristics are determined and varied. He usually has:

- Coefficient of thermal conductivity - 0,30 w;

-Density -25 kg / m3;

-Flammability - self-extinguishing, ie hardly combustible and emits harmful toxic substances.

Also known in the art is insulating material which includes vibrating styrofoam, cement and sand. The thermal conductivity of this material is 0.92 w. Ie the insulation efficiency is 8%, which means that this material can hardly be relied upon as insulating. In fact, almost all known building materials, such as bricks, concrete blocks and other barrier materials, as well as wooden ones, possess such insulating qualities. In this case, it relies solely on the thickness of the barrier or sheath constructed with the product, which determines the insulating ability of each of the layers. The maximum achievable temperature difference between the two layers is 8%. The material has a density of 400 g / cm ³ , high water absorption, flammability class - Rai 120, ie it is of the non-combustible class, but due to its low insulation performance, it cannot be used when it is necessary to achieve high insulation capacity. the object being built. The material is produced by mixing its components to give a homogeneous mass when water is added. It is poured into formwork molds and allowed to solidify, with a cement binding reaction taking place. It is usually produced in the form of lining bricks or panels.

The known insulating materials have the disadvantage of being relatively high density, which complicates installation and further increases the load on the supporting structures. Although most of them are highly flammable, in the event of a fire, harmful substances are released that make it difficult or impossible for rescue operations. They have poor insulation ability, release toxic products in contact with flames, do not recycle, do not withstand moisture. Their lives are relatively short.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the invention to provide insulation material that is non-combustible, low density and low thermal conductivity, 100% recyclable, environmentally friendly, long life and easy to use

REPLACEMENT PAGE FOR WASTE PRODUCTS, to achieve a low cost of production.

The problem is solved by a composition for insulating material which comprises, according to the invention, the following components (in% by volume):

granulated thermal insulation material 3-73

-fibrous material5-15

- heat-resistant clay5 -20

-caolin5-15

-glue5-10

-aluminium oxide - 2 - 70.

Suitably, the composition also includes light cement (in volume%) 5 -50, which allows it to vary with the end-product characteristics associated with its carrying capacity.

As granular insulation material, it is appropriate to use perlite and / or expanded clay.

The fibrous material is selected from the type of mineral wool and / or fibrous fibers.

The method of manufacturing articles of the composition according to the invention involves mixing the components and stirring them to obtain a homogeneous homogeneous mass. In this case, with stirring of the components, water is added in an amount of 5-17 (in volume%) and the resulting homogeneous mass is poured into matrices. The mixture in the dies is pressed to remove excess mechanical moisture, then dried in a microwave and the finished products removed.

Compression, according to the method, can be carried out with a 50 to 150 ton hydraulic press.

According to the method, the articles are subjected to further processing, such as painting and / or impregnation, when it is • ♦ ♦ · · * • · · ·

necessary and depending on the application of the insulation products.

The advantages of the invention are as follows: the insulation material is environmentally friendly as materials that do not emit harmful substances when exposed to direct fire are used. The material has slow aging due to its main ingredients. It protects from the UV rays the rooms that are lined with it. It is also non-combustible with high thermal insulation and noise insulation ability. It is 100% recyclable due to the type of materials used in the composition. Its thermal insulation efficiency is 30%, ie it is able to insulate up to 70% of the temperature at which the material was exposed at a layer thickness of 45 mm. In doing so, the use of the material in construction will save electricity. The material can withstand heat up to 1000 ° C, and at higher temperatures it melts, but does not burn and does not emit harmful substances in contact with fire.

BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are set forth in

the attached figures, where:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of insulating panels when assembled according to an exemplary embodiment of an article of the insulating material composition;

FIG. 2 is a view of a building block of a building block made of insulating material according to the invention;

EXAMPLES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INVENTION

The insulating material generally comprises inorganic substances 90% - 95% and organic matter - 5% - 10% by volume.

• · 1 t · ♦ »♦ ♦ ♦ · • ·

Example 1 According to the invention, the insulating material composition comprises in volume units:

-pelleted thermal insulation material 73 ·· 5 ·

- fibrous material

- heat-resistant clay

-Caolin

- glue

-aluminum oxide -

Initially, the components of the formulation were mixed and the mixture was stirred until a homogeneous mass was obtained. With the stirring of the components, water is added in an amount (in% by volume) of 5-17, which serves for better homogenization and does not participate in the composition of the final product since no chemical reaction takes place. The resulting homogeneous mass is then poured into a matrix corresponding to the form in which the insulating material will be applied in practice. It can be applied as boards, bricks and all other types of suitable articles for forming insulation of buildings, as illustrated in FIG. 1 to 3. After pouring into the die, the material is pressed, for example with a 150-ton hydraulic press for 3-7 minutes to remove excess mechanical moisture and dried in a microwave, for example for 1 hour. The finished product is removable and can be used directly for insulation purposes. It may also be 1.5 hours if the residual humidity of the pressed mixture is high.

Example 2: According to a preferred embodiment, the following composition (in% by volume) is used:

Perlite 60

Mineral wool 5 ·· «· ♦ • · · · · ·

Clay 15

Kaolin 5

Expanded clay 3

Glue 5

Aluminum oxide 2

Light cement 5

This composition is treated in an analogous manner to that described in Example 1. In this example, the resulting thermal insulation material has the following properties - coefficient of thermal conductor and bridge 0.029W, density 7.5 kg / M2, compressive strength 4.75 kg / cm2 , water absorption 5%, it is non-combustible and has a coefficient of elasticity of 7N / mm2.

Example 3 In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, the following composition (in% by volume) is used:

perlite 5 mineral wool 5 clay 15 kaolin 5 expanded clay 60 adhesive 5 aluminum oxide 2 light cement 5

The preparation and treatment of the mixture is carried out according to the method explained in Example 1. In this example, the insulating material has a slightly lower thermal insulation ability, but has a better decorative effect due to the higher content of expanded clay, usually produced in two colors of black. and white.

· · · ·

9 9 9 9 9

9 9 9 9 9 9 9

9 9 9 9 9 9 9 999

Example 4: In another embodiment, the following composition (in% by volume) is used:

Perlite 54

Mineral wool 5

Clay 15

Kaolin 5

Expanded clay 3

Glue 6

Aluminum oxide 2

Light cement 10

This composition was treated in an analogous manner to that described in Example 1. In this exemplary embodiment, the load-bearing capacity of the material is significantly increased and could also be used to produce building blocks. In this case, as well as, if necessary, the processing of thermal insulation products with the compositions according to Examples 1 to 3, additional treatment may be applied, such as painting or laying a special primer for waterproofing or waterproofing. These operations are carried out at the end of the processing cycle before preparation for packaging.

As defined in the examples described above, the method of manufacturing the insulating material is as follows:

Initially, the components were mixed and the mixture was stirred until a homogeneous mass was obtained. With stirring of the components, water is added in an amount (by volume%) of 5-17. The resulting homogeneous mass is then poured into heaps (special forms), depending on the form in which it will be applied in practice. It can be applied as boards, bricks and all other types of suitable products for building insulation as it is

REPLACEMENT PAGE 8A illustrated in FIG. 1 and 2. The shapes of the products themselves do not differ from those traditionally used in construction. The possibilities shown do not in any way limit the forms in which articles of the material according to the invention can be manufactured, nor the qualities of the final thermal insulation product obtained in these forms. After pouring into the appropriate molds, the material is compressed, for example for 3-7 minutes, until excess mechanical moisture has been removed and dried in a microwave, for example for 1 to 1.5 hours. It is appropriate to perform compression, for example with a 50 to 150 ton hydraulic press. The choice of the press does not affect the final result, since the pressing is done until the excess mechanical moisture is removed from the pressed mixture. Finished items are removed. This is followed by the packaging of the manufactured products and their marketing.

If further treatment is required, such as painting or applying a special primer for waterproofing or waterproofing, these operations shall be carried out at the end of the treatment cycle before preparation for packaging.

According to the examples presented, the articles made from the thermal insulation material according to the invention can be rectangular plates 1. Suitable dimensions are 0.40m wide, 0.60m high and 25mm-50mm thick. It is advantageous to have a rectangular groove 2 on the two parallel sides of the plates having a size of, for example, 10mm and a depth of 12.5 to 25mm, which allows fitting the two plates 1 to connect them in one plane, as shown in FIG. 1. For greater rigidity in the middle of the slab on either side, there may be from 2 to 4 dowel holes to the building. The well-known cement adhesives known in the market, for example, applied to the facades, may be used to adhere to the facades.

9999

99

9 9 9 9 9 9 9

9 9 9 9 · 9 9 9 99

9 9 9 9 9 9 · 9 9 9 9

9 9 9 9 9 9 * 99 • · <) * · * * * * * ·

20-30mm thickness. If necessary, the articles can be further molded as desired and depending on the particular application site, since the material according to the invention is subject to sawing.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Thermal insulation material, made in the form of different types of products, such as bricks, boards, lining panels, panels is intended for thermal and noise insulation of rooms. It can be applied to both external and internal insulation.

The material is environmentally friendly, consisting mainly of 90-95% of inorganic substances. Organic adhesives in the intended ratio in the composition are harmless.

The articles of thermal insulation material are secured to the surfaces of the walls by bonding with cement adhesive of the known types or by mechanical, commonly used fastening joints, such as dowels and other cement-based construction adhesives.

When required to be watertight and watertight, it is appropriate to apply a further treatment to achieve these qualities, for example by acrylic resins, which absorb in the plane up to 2mm and make it waterproof and bacterial resistant to molds and bacteria.

Insulation products made from the insulating material according to the invention are suitable for direct installation and possible finishing operations, such as plastering and painting. They are easy to shape and can be factory-painted in thousands of colors.

When manufactured as cladding boards, the appropriate dimensions for easy operation are - thickness - 40mm / 50mm / 60mm and dimensions of the board

- 600 / 400mm; 500 / 300mm; 400 / 300mm.

·· V · * • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ί »···· • w_t · · · ·’ ·· t ·] (J · · · · · · ·

In the case of the production of blocks 3, it is appropriate that they be sized 120/600/250, 100/500/250 or 50/500/200, which does not limit the application of the material to the production of blocks of these sizes only.

When further treatment and waterproofing is carried out, the insulating material can also be used in more complex conditions. It can be used, except for cladding and as a building block for partition walls.

REPLACE PAGE 11A

Claims (7)

Patent Claims Composition for insulation material, comprising the following components (in% by volume): - granulated thermal insulation material - fibrous material - heat-resistant clay -Caolin - glue -aluminum oxide - 3-73 5-15 5 -20 5-15 5-10 2-70 Composition of insulating material according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes lightweight cement (in% by volume) 5-50. Composition according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the granulated insulation material is perlite and / or expanded clay. Composition according to claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the fibrous material is of the form of mineral wool and / or fibrous fibers. 5. A method of manufacturing articles of the composition for insulating material according to claims 1 to 4, comprising mixing the components and stirring them to obtain a homogeneous homogeneous mass, characterized in that water is added in the stirring of the components ( in volume%) 5-17 and the resulting homogeneous mass is poured into matrices, then compressed to remove excess mechanical moisture, then dried in a microwave and the finished products removed. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the pressing is carried out with a 50 to 150 ton hydraulic press. · · 99 · · · · · · The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the articles are further processed, such as painting and / or impregnation.