BE698809A - - Google Patents

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Publication number
BE698809A
BE698809A BE698809DA BE698809A BE 698809 A BE698809 A BE 698809A BE 698809D A BE698809D A BE 698809DA BE 698809 A BE698809 A BE 698809A
Authority
BE
Belgium
Prior art keywords
film
heat
welding
films
welded
Prior art date
Application number
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English (en)
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Publication date
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Publication of BE698809A publication Critical patent/BE698809A/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/30—Electrical means
    • B29C65/305—Electrical means involving the use of cartridge heaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/003—Protecting areas of the parts to be joined from overheating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7371—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7371—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
    • B29C66/73711—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/836—Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7377—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline
    • B29C66/73775—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being crystalline
    • B29C66/73776—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being crystalline the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being crystalline
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
    • B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
    • B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
    • B29K2023/0608—PE, i.e. polyethylene characterised by its density
    • B29K2023/0633—LDPE, i.e. low density polyethylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/10—Polymers of propylene
    • B29K2023/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2033/00—Use of polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2096/00—Use of specified macromolecular materials not provided for in a single one of main groups B29K2001/00 - B29K2095/00, as moulding material
    • B29K2096/02—Graft polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2096/00—Use of specified macromolecular materials not provided for in a single one of main groups B29K2001/00 - B29K2095/00, as moulding material
    • B29K2096/04—Block polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/0085—Copolymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
    • B29K2995/005—Oriented

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description


   <Desc/Clms Page number 1> 
 



  Procédé de soudure à chaud des matières thermoplastiques. 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 2> 

 



   La présente invention se rapporte à la soudure de   film à   retrait   élevé   et elle concerne plus en particulier un procéda perfectionné permettant de joindre des films de résines synthétiques rétractibles au moyen d'une soudure à chaud qui pormet d'obtenir une amélioration des caracté-   ristiques   du   fils.   



   On réalise à partir de films de matières plasti- ques résineuses synthétiques de nombreux articles dont l'épais- seur varie entre   0,00012   et 0,025 cm. On utilise à cet ef- fet divers procédés de soudure tels que, par exemple, la couture, le collage ou le sertissage bord à bord. Toutefois,   l'un   des procédés les plus avantageux de jonction est la soudure à chaud dans laquelle on porte la matière thermo- plastique résineuse synthétique à une température suffisante pour provoquer la fusion en commun de deux zones de cette matière de façon à les rendre solidaires. 



   Pour cette soudure à chaud des films de résines synthétiques, on a déjà utilisé des techniques nombreuses et variées. En général, on soude à chaud sans difficulté une matière non orientée et non rétractible de façon à constituer une liaison de résistance convenable. On a cependant eu à faire face à des difficultés considérables avec les matières rétractibles, notamment celles que l'on façonne sous forme de tubes de façon à réaliser des capacités séparées dans le sens transversal et que l'on découpe ensuite pratiquement au voisinage des jonctions de façon à obtenir une série de sacs. 



   Dans de nombreux cas, en raison d'une désorien- tation de la matière plastique au voisinage des jonctions, la résistance mécanique de cette matière se trouve diminuée de façon notable et il en résulte une fermeture fragile du fait 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 3> 

 de la configuration géométrique de la jonction ou des lignes de soudure résiduelles; lorsqu'on réalise des soudures à chaud dans le sens transversal sur un tube continu de matière résineuse organique synthétique, il se produit une distension ou un rétrécissement au voisinage des soudures et ces dernières deviennent fragiles; un tel rétrécissement peut encore résulter du déplacement méca- nique du polymère sous l'effet de la pression des machoires ou des rouleaux de jonction à chaud que l'on utilise pour amener la matière thermoplastique à la température de sou- dage. 



   Il est particulièrement difficile de souder à chaud les polymères d'oléfine et d'obtenir des fermetures présentant une résistance mécanique maximale. Souvent, en vue de réaliser des films à retrait considérablement élevé, on soumet à un rayonnement ionisant à haute énergie du polyéthylène et du polypropylène rétractibles, des copoly- mères résineux rétractibles d'éthylène et diacide acrylique,   d'éthylmétttylacrylate   et d'autres monomères   copolymérisables     avec ces derniers ; étire ensuite ces films, on les met   en forme de façon à réaliser des objets tels que des sacs, on dispose dans ces sacs un produit à emballer et l'on chauffe enfin ces sacs de façon à en provoquer un retrait qui leur fasse épouser la forme de leur contenu.

   On peut citer l'em- ballage de   la-volaille   comme application courante de ces sacs rétractibles. Lorsqu'on soude des polymères d'oléfine irradiés, on obtient souvent une soudure de résistance mé- canique faible et peu avantageuse pour une ou plusieurs des raisons mentionnées ci-dessus. 



   C'est pourquoi la présente invention a pour 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 4> 

 objet l'obtention de soudures à chaud améliorées pour des films de résines thermoplastiques rétractibles à chaud par application d'un procédé du genre selon lequel on dis- pose une partie du film à souder entre les machoires d'un dispositif de soudure à chaud, on élève cette partie du film à une température suffisamment élevée pour permettre un écoulement fluide de la matière thermoplastique et une soudure du polymère,   on.laisse   le film subir la soudure sous l'action des   machoires,   puis on refroidit la partie soudée du film en-dessous de sa température thermoplastique;

   selon l'invention, on réalise la préparation de la sou- dure sans la soumettre à aucune tension, on relâche la pression sur la partie soudée du film et on laisse la partie chauffée se contracter de façon à donner un joint dont l'épais- seur est au moins égale à celle des couches initiales. 



   La description qui va suivre en regard des dessins annexés à titre d'exemple non limitatif fera bien comprendre comment l'invention peut être mise 'en pratique. 



   Les figures 1 à 4 représentent schématiquement un dispositif permettant de mettre en oeuvre le procédé con- forme à l'invention dans quatre positions successives de fonctionnement. 



   L'appareil de soudure 10 illustré par la figure 1 comporte un socle 11 dans lequel est ménagée une gorge 12 creusée à partir de la surface de soudure 13 et à l'intérieur de laquelle est disposé un élément ou bobinage de chauffage 14; on place deux morceaux de films soudables à chaud 15 et 16 sur la surface 13 au-dessus de l'élément 14; une baguette de soudure mobile 18 se trouve disposée au voisinage de la gorge 12 et conformée de façon à pouvoir appliquer les films 15 et   16   contre l'élément   14.   Un pied ou pince 
19 mobile se trouve également placé à côté de la baguette 18. 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 5> 

 



   La figure 1 montre les couches 15 et 16 dis- posées sur la surface de soudure 13 et la baguette 18 et le pied 19 en position de retrait, c'est-à-dire éloignés de la surface 13. 



   La figure 2 montre la baguette 18 et le pied 19 amenés au contact des couches 15 et   16;   on produit une certaine quantité de chaleur dans l'élément de chauffage 14, par exemple par application d'un courant   électrique   d'intensité et de tension données sur une résistance, de façon à obtenir une température suffisante pour que celle du film à souder provoque la fusion des fims 15 et   16   situés face à face sous forme d'un joint commun. On soumet les films 15 et 16 à une force dans la direction indiquée par la flèche de la figure 2, c'est-à-dire vers la baguette de soudure 18. 



   La figure 3 montre la baguette de soudure 18 en position de retrait alors que les couches de film sont main- tenues en position serrée à l'aide du pied 19. Le film est encore soumis à une force dans la direction de la flèche, sans être soumis à aucune tension, et on laisse refroidir le joint 20 formé. 



   La figure 4 montre le pied 19 en position de retrait, le joint est refroidi et les films soudés 15 et 16 sont retirés de la zone de soudure. la joint 20 a été réalisé entre deux couches de film et son épaisseur est au moins égale ou supérieure à la somme des épaisseurs des couches initiales. 



   Dans la mise en oeuvre de l'invention, il est avantageux d'utiliser au cours de la soudure une force de serrage d'environ 0,77   kg/cm2,   cette force étant appliquée par la baguette de soudure contre l'élément de chauffage. 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 6> 

 



  Des pressions inférieures donnent des joints dont la résistance mécanique est inférieure à celle que l'on re-   cherche .   De façon avantageuse, la pression de la baguette de soudure sur   l'élément   de chauffage est com- prisa entre environ   4,2   et 8,75 kg/cm2. 



   Il est absolument essentiel à la mise en oeuvre de l'invention de serrer le film au voisinage de la zone de soudure à l'aide du pied de serrage ou d'autres organes de retenue de façon à prévenir un retrait transversal ou un retrait le long du joint. On détermine facilement la pression de serrage en disposant les épaisseurs de films voulues entre les machoires d'un dispositif analogue au mécanisme de maintien ou de serrage utilisé dans le procédé de soudure à chaud, puis en chauffant une bande étroite du film au voisinage de la partie maintenue et en réglant la pression de serrage jusqu'à ce que l'on n'ob- serve aucun retrait dans cette partie. Cette pression de serrage doit évidemment être inférieure à celle qui en-   dommagerait   mécaniquement le film. 



   A titre d'exemple supplémentaire, on façonne une série de sacs à partir d'un tube de 'polyéthylène à faible densité, irradié et orienté, aplati et présentant une lar- geur d'environ 30,6 cm, par des soudures transversales '-successives réalisées sensiblement de la façon décrite ci- dessus. L'épaisseur du film est de 0,038 mm et on le soude à   l'aide   d'un dispositif classique de soudure,par impulsions, modifié de façon à comporter un pied de main- tien 19. On obtient des joints résistants lorsqu'on main- tient la pression de la baguette de soudure entre 0,77 et 8,75   kg/cm,   la pression du pied de serrage sur le film étant suffisante pour prévenir un retrait transversal de ce film. 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 7> 

 



   On obtient des résultats avantageux analogues en utilisant d'autres copolymères à retrait élevé tels que, par exemple, des copolymères d'éthylène et de propylène .comme celui qui contient ces composants dans un rapport en poids de un pour un, des copolymères à blocs intercalés d'éthylène et de propylène avec de faibles quantités de polyisobutylène, comme les copolymères à 95% en poids de polyéthylène et 5% de polyisobutylène, des copolymères d'éthylène et d'acrylate d'éthyle, comme un polymère à 93% en poids d'éthylène et 
7% d'acrylate d'éthyle, et des polymères de greffe de poly- éthylène et d'acide acrylique comme les copolymères de greffe à 96% en poids d'éthylène et 4%   d'acide   acrylique;

   le pro-   , cédé   conforme à l'invention permet de sceller à chaud ces copolymères de façon très avantageuse. 



   REVENDICATIONS. 



   1,- Procédé de soudure à chaud de films   thermoplasti-   ques résineux rétractibles à chaud entre les mâchoires d'un dispositif de soudure à chaud, caractérisé en ce qu'on maintient serré le film immédiatement au voisinage de la zone à souder par application d'une force de serrage suf- fisante pour s'opposer à un retrait dans la direction du joint tout en permettant à la partie chauffée de se contrac- ter et de se refroidir.

Claims (1)

  1. 2. - Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les mâchoires de soudure serrent le film sous une pression comprise entre 0,77 et 8,75 kg/cmê.
    3.- Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'objet à souder est un polymère d'oléfine irradié présentant un retrait important. <Desc/Clms Page number 8>
    4.- Procédé suivant l'une ou l'autre des reven- dications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le film présente la forme d'un tube aplati.
    5. - Procédé suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le film est en polyéthylène ou en un copolymère d'éthylène ou d'acrylate d'éthyle ou des deux, cristallin à l'état normal et irradié.
    6. - Procédé suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendi- cations 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'on réalise successive- ment une série de joints transversaux sur le tube aplati.
    7.- Procédé, en substance, tel que décrit plus haut en référence aux dessins ci-annexés.
    8. - Films soudés à chaud à l'aide du procédé suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 à 7.
    9. - Appareil de soudure à chaud pour films rétrac- tibles comportant un pied de maintien au voisinage de la baguette de soudure.
    10. - Appareil, en substance, tel que décrit plus haut en référence aux dessins ci-annexés.
BE698809D 1966-05-23 1967-05-22 BE698809A (fr)

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NL (1) NL6707035A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998023434A1 (fr) * 1996-11-22 1998-06-04 Rasmussen O B Films en polymere thermoscellables

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998023434A1 (fr) * 1996-11-22 1998-06-04 Rasmussen O B Films en polymere thermoscellables

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6707035A (fr) 1967-11-24

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