BE629945A - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- BE629945A BE629945A BE629945DA BE629945A BE 629945 A BE629945 A BE 629945A BE 629945D A BE629945D A BE 629945DA BE 629945 A BE629945 A BE 629945A
- Authority
- BE
- Belgium
- Prior art keywords
- calcium
- sep
- complex
- alcoholate
- oil
- Prior art date
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 24
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 4
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- VKCLPVFDVVKEKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N S=[P] Chemical compound S=[P] VKCLPVFDVVKEKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 3
- AMJQWGIYCROUQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;methanolate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C.[O-]C AMJQWGIYCROUQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- ABOURYZTLJUMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;2-methylpropan-1-olate Chemical class [Ca+2].CC(C)C[O-].CC(C)C[O-] ABOURYZTLJUMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- MUJRNJDKBBSXSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;butan-1-olate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] MUJRNJDKBBSXSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)Cl FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940060296 dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C68/00—Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C68/04—Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids from carbon dioxide or inorganic carbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F3/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table
- C07F3/003—Compounds containing elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table without C-Metal linkages
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/12—Reaction products
- C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
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- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
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- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
- C10M2203/022—Well-defined aliphatic compounds saturated
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- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
- C10M2203/024—Well-defined aliphatic compounds unsaturated
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- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/04—Well-defined cycloaliphatic compounds
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- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
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- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
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- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
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- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/024—Propene
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
- C10M2207/122—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
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- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
- C10M2207/128—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/16—Naphthenic acids
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- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/18—Tall oil acids
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- C10M2207/24—Epoxidised acids; Ester derivatives thereof
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Description
<Desc/Clms Page number 1>
PREMIER BREVET DE PERFECTIONNEMENT "Procédé pour la fabrication d'une dispersion, contenant du calcium utilisable comme additif pour huile lubrifiante" -------
Société dite : 1 CONTINENTAL OIL COMPANY ------- Brevet principal d'importation déposé en Belgique le
11 Août 1961 et accordé sous le N 607.145 CONVENTION INTERNATIONALE 1 Demande de brevet dépotée aux Etats-Unis d'Amérique le 23 mars 1962 sous le N 181.930 aux noms de Rack Williss HUNT Gerald Le* NIELD et Richard Milton tillman,
Dans le brevet principal, on a décrit un procédé de préparation d'une dispersion stable,
dans un véhicule non- volatil, d'un composé minéral renfermant du calcium. Plus par- ticulièrement on a décrit des dispersions d'un complexe d'al- coolate et de carbonate de calcium dans une huile lubrifiante, On a également décrit un procédé pour fabriquer ledit complexe qui répond à la formule suivante :
EMI1.1
@ dans laquelle R est un groupe alkyle en C1 à C6, ou un radical organique ayant pour formula :
<Desc/Clms Page number 2>
EMI2.1
dans laquelle R' est un groupe alkyle en C1 à c4, et iL ce'): compris entre 0,5 et 1,5, et de préférence entre 0,25 et 1,15.
On obtient ledit complexe en faisant réagir un alcool avec un composé du calcium, ce procédé étant caractérisé par le fait qu'il produit un gaz comme sous-produit,par réaction avec l'alcool, pour former un alcoolat@ de calcium. On obtient alors le complexe en faisant réagir l'alcoolat* de calcium avec de l'anhydride carbonique.
Selon le brevet principal, on obtient la dispersion en mélangeant une solution alcoolique dudit complexe avec un agent dispersant soluble dans l'eau, un véhicule non-volatil et une quantité d'eau qui représente un excès stoéchiométrique. sur la quantité nécessaire pour réagir avec le complexe. On procède ensuite à l'hydrolyse du complexe et on chasse les produits volatile.
La présente invention comporte certaine changements et perfectionnements de l'invention tels que décrits dans le brevet principal, notamment en ce qui concerne la quantité d'eau mise en oeuvre'l'hydrolyse.
La stoechiométrie de la réaction d'hydrolyse dépend du degré de carbonatation du complexe, en d'autres termes de la valeur de dans la formule précédente* Lorsque ê dans la formule indiquée ci-dessus, est compris entre 0,5 et 1,0 on peut représenter la résetion d'hydrolyse de la manière suivante :
<Desc/Clms Page number 3>
EMI3.1
lorsque 1 est compris entre 1,0 et 1,5, on peut représenter la réaction d'hydrolyse comme suit :
EMI3.2
La demanderesse a constaté qu'il faut qu'il y ait à tout instant un excès stoechimétrique d'eau, de manière à empêcher la formation de produite solides non dispersés.
De plus, la présence d'un excès d'eau assure la complète ré- cupération de l'alcool. En s'exprimant en moles, la quantité d'eau à utiliser est la suivante 2 il convient qu'elle soit comprise entre 1,1 et 7,0 moles de complexe, à condition de satisfaire à la condition supplémentaire qu'il y en ait un excès stoechiométrique. Il convient encore mieux que la proportion d'eau soit comprise entre 1,55 et 4,0 moles par mole de complexe. La gamme préférée est de 1,6 à 2,4 moles d'eau par mole de complexe.
Tout en agitant ce mélange, on ajoute une quantité d'alcoolate et de carbonate de calcium calculée pour donner le degré voulu de suraloalinisation. Cette addition se fait de préférence lentement. Une fois cette addition terminée, on élimine les solvants volatils par distillation. Pendant les derniers stades de la distillation, il y a souvent inté- rêt à injecter un gaz pour faciliter l'élimination du solvant.
<Desc/Clms Page number 4>
On utilise de préférence de l'anhydride carbonique pour cette injection de gaz. L'élimination des solvants volatils laisse un produit fluide et brillant, qu'il n'est pas nécessaire en plus de filtrer ou de centrifuger.
On a déjà indiqué qu'il faut qu'il y ait à tout instant un excès stoechiométrique d'eau au cours de l'hydro- lyse. Ceci est vrai tant quand on opère par chargea séparées qu'en continu. On ne veut pas dire que la totalité de l'eau doit être ajoutée dans le récipient de réaction avant d'ajou- ter le complexe de carbonate et d'alooolate de calcium.
Ce que l'on veut dire, c'est que, en ajoutant l'eau et le com- plexe d'alcoolate de calcium dans le récipient de réaction, il faut qu'il y ait toujours un excès stoeohiométrique d'eau dans ce récipient. Autrement on se trouve en présence de pro- duite solides non dispersés. On ajoute de préférence dans le récipient de réaction une petite quantité d'eau (de 10 à 25 % de la quantité totale à ajouter), avant d'ajouter une quantité quelconque de complexe et on ajoute simultanément le reste de l'eau et du complexe.
On a constaté qu'il y avantage, particulièrement en opération industrielle, à utiliser un aréotrope du monoéther alcool et d'eau à la place de l'eau seule, pour hydrolyser l'intermédiaire. Ceci parce que les monoéther alcools forment des azéotropes avec l'eau et il est difficile de les récupérer à partir de l'azéotrope.
Exemple 1
Série de fabrications en atelier, Pilote.
Produit intermédiaire.
On a fabriqué plusieurs charges de produits interné- diaires pour les utiliser dans ces fabrications. On fabrique
<Desc/Clms Page number 5>
les produite intermédiaires en partant de carbonate de car-
EMI5.1
oiuift et de aéthoxyëthanol, puis en injectant du 0020 lies analyse@ des charges sont les suivantes
EMI5.2
Charge % en poids de Oa % en poids de 002 Rapport molaîr*1 No. 0-0,î/ca
EMI5.3
<tb> 1 <SEP> 7,90 <SEP> 9,06 <SEP> 1,04
<tb>
<tb> 2 <SEP> 8,12 <SEP> 9,69 <SEP> 1,08
<tb>
<tb> 7,49 <SEP> 8,98 <SEP> 1,09
<tb>
<tb> 4 <SEP> 8.03 <SEP> 9,54 <SEP> 1,08
<tb>
EMI5.4
5 8,00 9.09 1,03
EMI5.5
<tb> 6 <SEP> 7,56 <SEP> 9,39 <SEP> 1,13
<tb>
EMI5.6
7 8,01 .
10,40 1,18 a 8,04 10,32 1,17 9 8,08 8,82 0,99
EMI5.7
<tb> 10 <SEP> 8,10 <SEP> 9,36 <SEP> 1,08
<tb>
<tb> 11 <SEP> 8,24 <SEP> 9,60 <SEP> 1,06
<tb>
<tb> 12 <SEP> 8,23 <SEP> 10,32 <SEP> 1,11
<tb>
EMI5.8
Acide sutoni9ue.
On utilise dans ces fabrications la même charge*' d'acide pootdocécylbenzène sulfonique. Son analyse est la suivante :
Solvant (hexane) ; % en poids 52,23 Eau, % en poids 0,7
Acide, % en poids 47,07
Acidité totale (meq/g) 0,564
Acidité sulfonique (meq/g) 0,564
Poids combinable (exprimé en Ca) 467
EMI5.9
2, dtR,r.
On ajoute la solution d'acide au,'on,qus dans un récipient à réaction Pfaudler de 1890 litres, muni d'un coin- denseur a reflux et d'un aitateu. On ajoute dans le récipient
<Desc/Clms Page number 6>
EMI6.1
à réaction 15 de l'azéotrope eau-méthoxy méthanol. On y ajoute ensuite 15 % de l'huile diluante (huile dit* "100 pale").
On ajoute ensuite dans le récipient de réaction une certaine quantité du produit intermédiaire à base de calcium (calculée
EMI6.2
pour neutraliser l'aoide aulfonique). Mr durée de l'addition varie entre 15 et 35 minutée, suivant les conditîons de pom- page et la quantité de mousse formées Au court de l'addition, la température est de 38 C environ. On ajoute simultanément la quantité calculée de produit intermédiaire nécessaire pour
EMI6.3
suralcalînîser et les routes (65 %) de l'azéotrope eau-mèthoxy méthanol. La durée de l'addition varie entre 40 et 55 minutes*
EMI6.4
La température d'addition est comprise entre 32 et 4110.
On ajoute le reste de l'huile diluante (25 ;) après avoir sural- calinieds On élimine les solvants par distillation (3heures k 4 heures et demie), après quoi on injecte du 002 à 149*0 pendant 2 heur.., pour faciliter l'élimination du solvant.
EMI6.5
<tb> Charge. <SEP> 12-A
<tb>
EMI6.6
."1,1 NI 12-A ,?.2-,B, 12-9 12-D 12-3 Acide sultonique (kg) 770 770 770 770 770 Azéotrope (6) (kg) B7t4 82,4 57l8 70.2 67.4
EMI6.7
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> Produit <SEP> intermédiaire
<tb>
<tb> (kg) <SEP> 1022 <SEP> (1) <SEP> 1054 <SEP> (2) <SEP> 998 <SEP> (3) <SEP> 1010 <SEP> (4) <SEP> 1022(1;
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> Huile <SEP> diluante <SEP> (kg) <SEP> 90 <SEP> 90 <SEP> 90 <SEP> 90 <SEP> 90 <SEP> ' <SEP>
<tb>
EMI6.8
s20 utili84.
(MOI**
EMI6.9
<tb> par <SEP> molto <SEP> de <SEP> produit
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> intermédiaire) <SEP> 2,00 <SEP> 1,90 <SEP> 1,80 <SEP> 1,60 <SEP> 2,00
<tb>
EMI6.10
(1) 114 kg d'un mélange des charges 6 et 7 Pour 19 noutr*114&ttOn 915 kg de la charge Yµ 6 pour suraloallnistre (2) 103 kg d'une charge oompoI1" pour la n.utra1ilation 1 951 kg de la charge 00 3 peu? luralo&11ni..r.
(3) charge nt3.
(4) 109 kg d'une charge compoolte polir la n.utr&111't1on 1 901 kg de la charge St 1 pour .uraloa1in1..r.
<Desc/Clms Page number 7>
(6) L'azéotrope est synthétique ;on le prépare en mélangeant
EMI7.1
de l'eau et du mèthoxy éthanol 1 il renferme 66 - environ d'eau.
Produits.
EMI7.2
IML-10- 12-A lB 12-0 !±=± 12=E
EMI7.3
<tb> Activité <SEP> (% <SEP> en
<tb>
EMI7.4
poids) 29,1 29,5 29,8 29,8 29.5
EMI7.5
<tb> Indice <SEP> de <SEP> base
<tb> (en <SEP> acide <SEP> acétique) <SEP> 336 <SEP> 315 <SEP> 309 <SEP> 315 <SEP> 329
<tb>
EMI7.6
Calcium (& en poids) 13tl 12,5 1211 12,1 12o7 00 2 (% en poids) 12,6 11,9 11,9 11,7 12,3
EMI7.7
<tb> Poids <SEP> moléculaire <SEP> 934 <SEP> 934 <SEP> 934 <SEP> 934 <SEP> 934
<tb>
EMI7.8
Densité à 15t69O 1,1053 1,1516 1,1549 1,1291 1,1125 Viscosité à 98,9"0 (os) 305,6 316,7 246,3 290,8 251,3 H2 0 z en poids) ü, 3 0,7 0,7 0,7 0, 6 Point éclair Cleve.
EMI7.9
<tb> land <SEP> C <SEP> 193 <SEP> 196 <SEP> 210 <SEP> 179 <SEP> 193
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> Point <SEP> de <SEP> feu <SEP> Oleve-
<tb>
<tb> land <SEP> C <SEP> F <SEP> 210 <SEP> 229 <SEP> 202 <SEP> P
<tb>
EMI7.10
Point de figeage 90 10 1208 12,8 10 12,8
EMI7.11
<tb> Rendement <SEP> (kg) <SEP> 690 <SEP> 676 <SEP> 661 <SEP> 665 <SEP> 691
<tb>
Exemple 2
Cet exemple montre que pratiquement la totalité de l'anhydride carbonique se trouvant dans le produit inter- médiaire est utilisée pour former du carbonate de calcium dans le produit.
Mode opératoire
On introduit dans un ballon de 2 litres à 3 tubu- lures, muni d'un agitateur, d'un condenseur, de deux enton- noirs à robinet, d'un thermomètre et d'une enveloppe chauffante. les produits suivants t
<Desc/Clms Page number 8>
400 parties de solution d'acide sulfonique (I)
86 parties d'huile "100 pâle" 11,5 parties de solution de mthoxy éthanol et d'eau (rapport pondéral 70 : 30)
On chauffe le contenu du ballon en agitant, à la température de 43 C.
On ajoute ensuite simultanément les pro- duits suivante en l'espace d'une heure tout en agitant et en ;maintenant la température à 43 C. environ
585 parties de solution de produit intermédiaire à base de calcium (2)
45,5 parties de solution de méthoxyéthanol et d'eau (rapport pondéral 70 : 30) (1) La solution d'acide sulfonique renferme 26,6 % (en poids)d'acide post-dodécylbenzène sulfonique, 21,4 % (en poids) d'huile dite "100 pâle", et 52,- (en poids) d'hexa- ne. Le poids combinable de l'acide sulfurique est de 454.
(2) La solution de produit intermédiaire à base de . calcium renferme 7,90 % de Oa et 9,06 de CO2, ce qui cor- respond à un rapport molaire CO2: Ca de 1,04.
Une fois terminée l'addition simultanée, on élimine les solvants volatils par distillation jusqu'à oe que la tem- pérature dans le ballon soit de 150 C. A oe moment on divise le produit presque terminé en deux parties. On charge chacune de ces parties dans un ballon de un litre muni d'un agitateur, d'un thermomètre, d'une enveloppe chauffante, d'un condenseur et d'un injecteur de gaz en verre fritte. Dans une des parties on injecte de l'azote gazeux à 150 C pendant une heure.
Dans l'autre partie on injecte de l'anhydride carbonique gazeux pendant une heure à 15000. On refroidit ensuite les deux parties et on analyse un échantillon de chacune d'elles. Les analyses de ces produits sont les suivantes t
<Desc/Clms Page number 9>
EMI9.1
Ot (e en poids) 002 (% en poids) Rapport mo-' 0-0 --i laire oO;
/Oa
EMI9.2
<tb> Produit <SEP> soufflé
<tb>
EMI9.3
avec du C02 11,60 1103 Oo978
EMI9.4
<tb> Produit <SEP> soufflé
<tb>
EMI9.5
avec X 2 11,49 1008 0,960
L'examen de ces résultats montre que pratiquement tout l'anhydride carbonique présent dans le produit inter- médiaire est utilisé pour former du CaCO3 dans le produit fini, De plue, il est manifeste que très peu du CO2 utilisé pour l'injection de gaz est utilisé et reste dans le pro- duit final.
<Desc / Clms Page number 1>
FIRST PERFECTIONING PATENT "Process for the manufacture of a dispersion, containing calcium which can be used as an additive for lubricating oil" -------
Company known as: 1 CONTINENTAL OIL COMPANY ------- Main import patent filed in Belgium on
August 11, 1961 and granted under N 607.145 INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION 1 Patent application filed in the United States of America on March 23, 1962 under N 181.930 in the names of Rack Williss HUNT Gerald Le * NIELD and Richard Milton tillman,
In the main patent, a process for preparing a stable dispersion has been described,
in a non-volatile vehicle, of a mineral compound containing calcium. More particularly, dispersions of a complex of alcohol and calcium carbonate in a lubricating oil have been described. A process has also been described for manufacturing said complex which corresponds to the following formula:
EMI1.1
@ in which R is a C1 to C6 alkyl group, or an organic radical having the formula:
<Desc / Clms Page number 2>
EMI2.1
in which R ′ is a C1 to c4 alkyl group, and iL ce ′): between 0.5 and 1.5, and preferably between 0.25 and 1.15.
Said complex is obtained by reacting an alcohol with a calcium compound, this process being characterized in that it produces a gas as a by-product, on reaction with the alcohol, to form a calcium alcoholate. The complex is then obtained by reacting the calcium alcoholate with carbon dioxide.
According to the main patent, the dispersion is obtained by mixing an alcoholic solution of said complex with a dispersing agent soluble in water, a non-volatile vehicle and a quantity of water which represents a stoichiometric excess. on the amount necessary to react with the complex. The complex is then hydrolyzed and the volatile products are removed.
The present invention includes certain changes and improvements of the invention as described in the main patent, in particular with regard to the quantity of water used in the hydrolysis.
The stoichiometry of the hydrolysis reaction depends on the degree of carbonation of the complex, in other words on the value of in the previous formula * When ê in the formula given above, is between 0.5 and 1.0 the hydrolysis resetion can be represented as follows:
<Desc / Clms Page number 3>
EMI3.1
when 1 is between 1.0 and 1.5, the hydrolysis reaction can be represented as follows:
EMI3.2
The Applicant has observed that there must be a stoichiometric excess of water at all times, so as to prevent the formation of non-dispersed solid products.
In addition, the presence of excess water assures complete recovery of the alcohol. Expressed in moles, the quantity of water to be used is as follows 2 it should be between 1.1 and 7.0 moles of complex, provided that the additional condition that there is has a stoichiometric excess. It is even better if the proportion of water is between 1.55 and 4.0 moles per mole of complex. The preferred range is 1.6 to 2.4 moles of water per mole of complex.
While stirring this mixture, an amount of alkoxide and calcium carbonate calculated to give the desired degree of superaloalization is added. This addition is preferably done slowly. Once this addition is complete, the volatile solvents are removed by distillation. During the later stages of distillation, there is often an advantage in injecting a gas to facilitate the removal of the solvent.
<Desc / Clms Page number 4>
Carbon dioxide is preferably used for this gas injection. Removal of volatile solvents leaves a fluid and shiny product, which does not need to be further filtered or centrifuged.
It has already been indicated that there must be a stoichiometric excess of water at all times during the hydrolysis. This is true both when operating by separate charge and continuously. This is not to say that all of the water must be added to the reaction vessel before adding the complex of calcium carbonate and aloolate.
What is meant is that, when adding the water and the calcium alcoholate complex to the reaction vessel, there must always be a stohiometric excess of water in it. container. Otherwise we are in the presence of non-dispersed solids. A small amount of water (10 to 25% of the total amount to be added) is preferably added to the reaction vessel, before adding any amount of complex, and the remainder of the water and the mixture are simultaneously added. complex.
It has been found that there is an advantage, particularly in industrial operation, in using an areotrope of the monoether alcohol and of water instead of water alone, to hydrolyze the intermediate. This is because monoether alcohols form azeotropes with water and it is difficult to recover them from the azeotrope.
Example 1
Series of workshop productions, Pilot.
Intermediate product.
Several loads of internals were manufactured for use in these manufactures. We make
<Desc / Clms Page number 5>
intermediate products starting from carbonate of carbon
EMI5.1
oiuift and aethoxyethanol, then injecting 0020 lees analysis @ loads are as follows
EMI5.2
Load% by weight of Oa% by weight of 002 Molar ratio * 1 No. 0-0.
EMI5.3
<tb> 1 <SEP> 7.90 <SEP> 9.06 <SEP> 1.04
<tb>
<tb> 2 <SEP> 8.12 <SEP> 9.69 <SEP> 1.08
<tb>
<tb> 7.49 <SEP> 8.98 <SEP> 1.09
<tb>
<tb> 4 <SEP> 8.03 <SEP> 9.54 <SEP> 1.08
<tb>
EMI5.4
5 8.00 9.09 1.03
EMI5.5
<tb> 6 <SEP> 7.56 <SEP> 9.39 <SEP> 1.13
<tb>
EMI5.6
7 8.01.
10.40 1.18 a 8.04 10.32 1.17 9 8.08 8.82 0.99
EMI5.7
<tb> 10 <SEP> 8.10 <SEP> 9.36 <SEP> 1.08
<tb>
<tb> 11 <SEP> 8.24 <SEP> 9.60 <SEP> 1.06
<tb>
<tb> 12 <SEP> 8.23 <SEP> 10.32 <SEP> 1.11
<tb>
EMI5.8
Sutonic acid.
The same charge of pootdocecylbenzene sulfonic acid is used in these preparations. His analysis is as follows:
Solvent (hexane); % by weight 52.23 Water,% by weight 0.7
Acid, wt% 47.07
Total acidity (meq / g) 0.564
Sulfonic acidity (meq / g) 0.564
Combinable weight (expressed in Ca) 467
EMI5.9
2, dtR, r.
The acid solution is added to the mixture in an 1890 liter Pfaudler reaction vessel fitted with a reflux co-denser and an aid. We add to the container
<Desc / Clms Page number 6>
EMI6.1
reacting with the water-methoxy methanol azeotrope. 15% of the diluent oil (so-called "100 pale" oil) is then added thereto.
A quantity of the calcium-based intermediate product is then added to the reaction vessel (calculated
EMI6.2
to neutralize aulfonic acid). The duration of the addition varies between 15 and 35 minutes, depending on the conditions of pumping and the amount of foam formed. During the addition, the temperature is about 38 C. Simultaneously add the calculated amount of intermediate product necessary for
EMI6.3
superalkalizing and routes (65%) of the water-methoxy methanol azeotrope. The duration of the addition varies between 40 and 55 minutes *
EMI6.4
The addition temperature is between 32 and 4110.
The remainder of the diluting oil (25;) is added after having overalized. The solvents are removed by distillation (3 hours to 4 and a half hours), after which 002 to 149 * 0 are injected for 2 hours. facilitate the removal of the solvent.
EMI6.5
<tb> Charge. <SEP> 12-A
<tb>
EMI6.6
. "1.1 NI 12-A,?. 2-, B, 12-9 12-D 12-3 Sultonic acid (kg) 770 770 770 770 770 Azeotrope (6) (kg) B7t4 82.4 57l8 70.2 67.4
EMI6.7
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> Intermediate <SEP> product
<tb>
<tb> (kg) <SEP> 1022 <SEP> (1) <SEP> 1054 <SEP> (2) <SEP> 998 <SEP> (3) <SEP> 1010 <SEP> (4) <SEP> 1022 (1;
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> Thinner <SEP> oil <SEP> (kg) <SEP> 90 <SEP> 90 <SEP> 90 <SEP> 90 <SEP> 90 <SEP> '<SEP>
<tb>
EMI6.8
s20 utili84.
(ME**
EMI6.9
<tb> by <SEP> molto <SEP> from <SEP> product
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> intermediate) <SEP> 2.00 <SEP> 1.90 <SEP> 1.80 <SEP> 1.60 <SEP> 2.00
<tb>
EMI6.10
(1) 114 kg of a mixture of loads 6 and 7 For 19 noutr * 114 & ttOn 915 kg of load Yµ 6 for suraloallnistre (2) 103 kg of a load oompoI1 "for n.utra1ilation 1 951 kg of load 00 3 little? Luralo & 11ni..r.
(3) load nt3.
(4) 109 kg of a compooled load polish n.utr & 111't1on 1,901 kg of load St 1 for .uraloa1in1..r.
<Desc / Clms Page number 7>
(6) Azeotrope is synthetic; it is prepared by mixing
EMI7.1
water and methoxy ethanol 1 it contains 66 - approximately water.
Products.
EMI7.2
IML-10- 12-A lB 12-0! ± = ± 12 = E
EMI7.3
<tb> Activity <SEP> (% <SEP> in
<tb>
EMI7.4
weight) 29.1 29.5 29.8 29.8 29.5
EMI7.5
<tb> <SEP> index of <SEP> base
<tb> (in <SEP> <SEP> acetic acid) <SEP> 336 <SEP> 315 <SEP> 309 <SEP> 315 <SEP> 329
<tb>
EMI7.6
Calcium (& by weight) 13tl 12.5 1211 12.1 12o7 00 2 (% by weight) 12.6 11.9 11.9 11.7 12.3
EMI7.7
<tb> Molecular <SEP> weight <SEP> 934 <SEP> 934 <SEP> 934 <SEP> 934 <SEP> 934
<tb>
EMI7.8
Density at 15t69O 1.1053 1.1516 1.1549 1.1291 1.1125 Viscosity at 98.9 "0 (bone) 305.6 316.7 246.3 290.8 251.3 H2 0 z by weight) ü , 3 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 Flash point Cleve.
EMI7.9
<tb> land <SEP> C <SEP> 193 <SEP> 196 <SEP> 210 <SEP> 179 <SEP> 193
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> Point <SEP> of <SEP> fire <SEP> Oleve-
<tb>
<tb> land <SEP> C <SEP> F <SEP> 210 <SEP> 229 <SEP> 202 <SEP> P
<tb>
EMI7.10
Freezing point 90 10 1208 12.8 10 12.8
EMI7.11
<tb> Efficiency <SEP> (kg) <SEP> 690 <SEP> 676 <SEP> 661 <SEP> 665 <SEP> 691
<tb>
Example 2
This example shows that substantially all of the carbon dioxide in the intermediate is used to form calcium carbonate in the product.
Procedure
It is introduced into a 2-liter 3-pipe flask fitted with a stirrer, a condenser, two funnels with stopcock, a thermometer and a heating jacket. the following products t
<Desc / Clms Page number 8>
400 parts of sulfonic acid solution (I)
86 parts of "100 pale" oil 11.5 parts of methoxy ethanol and water solution (weight ratio 70:30)
The contents of the flask are heated while stirring, to a temperature of 43 C.
The following products are then added simultaneously over the course of an hour while stirring and maintaining the temperature at about 43 ° C.
585 parts calcium-based intermediate solution (2)
45.5 parts of methoxyethanol and water solution (weight ratio 70:30) (1) The sulfonic acid solution contains 26.6% (by weight) of post-dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid, 21.4% ( by weight) of so-called "100 pale" oil, and 52, - (by weight) of hexane. The combinable weight of sulfuric acid is 454.
(2) The intermediate product solution based on. Calcium contains 7.90% Oa and 9.06% CO2, which corresponds to a CO2: Ca molar ratio of 1.04.
When the simultaneous addition is complete, the volatile solvents are removed by distillation until the temperature in the flask is 150 ° C. At this point the nearly finished product is divided into two parts. Each of these parts is charged into a one liter flask fitted with a stirrer, a thermometer, a heating jacket, a condenser and a sintered glass gas injector. Nitrogen gas at 150 ° C. for one hour is injected into one of the parts.
In the other part is injected carbon dioxide gas for one hour at 15000. The two parts are then cooled and a sample of each of them is analyzed. The analyzes of these products are as follows t
<Desc / Clms Page number 9>
EMI9.1
Ot (wt.) 002 (wt.%) Ratio 0-0 - light oO;
/ Oa
EMI9.2
<tb> Blown <SEP> product
<tb>
EMI9.3
with C02 11.60 1103 Oo978
EMI9.4
<tb> Blown <SEP> product
<tb>
EMI9.5
with X 2 11.49 1008 0.960
Examination of these results shows that virtually all of the carbon dioxide present in the intermediate product is used to form CaCO3 in the finished product. Furthermore, it is evident that very little of the CO2 used for gas injection. is used and remains in the final product.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US81228859A | 1959-05-11 | 1959-05-11 | |
US1503260A | 1960-03-31 | 1960-03-31 | |
US181930A US3150088A (en) | 1962-03-23 | 1962-03-23 | Highly basic calcium-containing additive agent |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
BE629945A true BE629945A (en) |
Family
ID=27360251
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
BE629945D BE629945A (en) | 1959-05-11 |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE629945A (en) |
NL (1) | NL289772A (en) |
-
0
- NL NL289772D patent/NL289772A/xx unknown
- BE BE629945D patent/BE629945A/fr unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL289772A (en) | 1900-01-01 |
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