BE453851A - - Google Patents

Description

       

   <Desc / Clms Page number 1>
 



  IMPROVEMENTS TO REMOTE CONTROL AND REMOTE SIGNALING SYSTEMS (Invention Henri, Louis LESIGNE)
The present invention relates to remote control and remote signaling devices. In the known systems, the selection, control and signaling operations, for example for a remote-controlled electrical device such as a circuit breaker, always require an appreciable time; this is how the selection is effected by sending a series of pulse trains, each train corresponding to a digit of the number representing the device to be controlled on a bank of the selector.



   The Applicant has proposed to reduce the duration of these various operations.



   The present invention relates to a remote control and remote signaling system which can be used in particular for the remote control of moving parts and the control of their position, characterized by an assembly of circuits allowing a rapid choice of the part to be remotely controlled, , the selection being made by sending two pulses, the combination of durations of which makes it possible to discriminate a group of selectors, one of these pulses being able to select the selector of the group, the other the position corresponding to the organ on this selector, the control of the device and the signaling of the control each being done by sending a single pulse.



   According to the invention, two currents at low frequencies different from one another, each of these currents possibly having two different intensities are used to carry out the operations of selection, control, etc. the currents of different frequencies can be used alone or in combination; two times for sending the current in line are also used.



   Without departing from the scope (the invention, one could replace the two operating regimes (strong current or weak current) by other soft currents having different frequencies back two firsts,

 <Desc / Clms Page number 2>

 
 EMI2.1
 According to the invention, the circuits are established from
 EMI2.2
 way to allow to select an organization, to occupy it, ri ,; only send the oojm'aande at the appropriate time and due to receive
 EMI2.3
 the signage indicating which is the new position of the organ.
 EMI2.4
 



  According to the invention, a c! 1s'., Mb: Lc is made up of circuits allowing the selection of a component and the sending ir.m: ediat of the command thus ue ¯ 1a reception of the signaling.



  D81cn 1'inventiez, it is made up of a set of circuits making it possible to signal to the control station In operation not controlled from an orgiine, for example the léc1, p-
 EMI2.5
 chement of a circuit breaker.
 EMI2.6
 



  Still according to the invention, a set of circuits makes it possible, in the event of a damage to a control circuit, to reach the isolated sub-atüticn, by means of a back-up circuit go around all the sub-stations. teleconanande stations. Yes
 EMI2.7
 two control circuits are faulty, a special arrangement will allow the two substations to be reached by the circuit
 EMI2.8
 back-up, the latter then being split into two half-loops, on the one hand (used at the control station, on the other hand, between the bones and isolated sub-staticna).
 EMI2.9
 The invention also allows, by a combination of
 EMI2.10
 circuits, to signal to the control station the blowing of a lp fuse; ndc: nt selectors and equipment of trgr, mos; this combination of circuits also makes it necessary to replace the fuse.

   A combination of circuits if:.;: N) 1; at the station. coKimandc the fusion of the ri fuse "the 4yuip..r.: nt gGn \ 3rr the rb remote control, and of télésii, naliso -
 EMI2.11
 the substation and blocks the connection circuit with
 EMI2.12
 the sub-station up to the '3mnlacc: mPTlt of the fuse, thus preventing the sending of a cO ::' 1mGnd ,; which m could be received.
 EMI2.13
 Finally, the invention provides, by a set of cir -
 EMI2.14
 cooked, from p'-r: 'j ttrr ".: n manoc-uvrant a :: key, inc1i: .1U (; r the positions that occupy at a given moment all the orgnncB teleccrftmandéa of one.- , substation.



  The invention will be well understood in 1: ctur; of the description of the function;) J: 1 "nt following ut referring to the figures of the attached drawing which P0vrsntçnt: Figure 1: the group of seiccticn and control relays in the command station.



  Figure 2: the receiving device ot 1 retransmission of pulses to the COT.l1.1é111dc station.



  Figure. 3: the commando station selector.



  Fi6ur,., 4: the equipment at station 3; com; .3n: 'ic. for the comr..and :. and the control of a circuit breaker Figure 5: 116 (luip - ,, tacnt at the horn station;:. zrnin: for the command and; 1 '; contr81'; of a cont ..> at <; <Jr.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 3>

 
 EMI3.1
 



  Figure 6: the device for passage on the
 EMI3.2
 is going on.
 EMI3.3
 Figure 7: 7.s device for supervision request
 EMI3.4
 general ;:.
 EMI3.5
 



  Figure 8: the: reception device at the cO4 station;. 'LAndo dur <supervision of dna fuses :: selector ot of components; lo cous-station.



  Figure 9: 1. relay group due to the sub-station seicctior and control.



  F'iuxw: 10: the receiving and transmitting device of sub-statipn impulses with back-up circuit Figure 11: 10 sub-statin s11ctuur.



  Fieuro 12: l "3Cj, uip,; .. 'lcnt do commands from a ring disk -
 EMI3.6
 tower .
 EMI3.7
 



  Figure 1: the equip:; r2.: Nt of the comrrJand "'J of a contat;' 3ur4 Figure 14: 1, device for sending the supervision of;, s fuses: 1 ..: sJ1'Ict; .lUI 'organs in a substation.



  'It should be noted that the index x of the reference figures of the drawings; and ronpiaoé in the description, by the index. 'Par iJx': m'P1o: R 29IX ... R 291 'T 145X - T 145' otc .....



  In the description which follows; l:; s two frequencies uti1i8o will be designated by fi and f2, and grp.1 will be used in the terminology weak current t1t current fsrt to characterize 1 "8 ('l, lUX operating regimes.



  The organs are removed by sending two pulses, each of these two pulses being able to be constituted by a weak current ow strong of frequency fl or f2 or by sending fl and f., Each of the currents
 EMI3.8
 can be weak or strong, this is for approximately 50 to
 EMI3.9
 JGC milliseconds, or for 500 nilliseconds.
 EMI3.10
 



  The selectors are divided into four groups.
 EMI3.11
 LI 3dlPetic 'the group is made according to the durations of the two selection pulses according to the table below.
 EMI3.12
 



  Ts of the selector. Unit. their. group short pulse short pulse 2nd "Il long" cpurto
 EMI3.13
 
<tb> 3rd <SEP> "<SEP>" <SEP> short <SEP> "<SEP> long
<tb>
 
 EMI3.14
 4th "" long Il% ongue
 EMI3.15
 The unity impulse is transmitted first.
 EMI3.16
 



  We can therefore have a high number of combinations which here reaches 256. Of course, without leaving the,

 <Desc / Clms Page number 4>

 
 EMI4.1
 Within the scope of the invention, it could be fried in use of several other dipping combinations. In the event that currents of four to four frequencies are used, the number of possible combinations would be 400.



     1 .- Control of a circuit breaker
Taking the organ;
 EMI4.2
 The catch of the organ 8 'is effected by lowering the key P (figure 4), which has the effect of placing an earth on the
 EMI4.3
 wire 47 (towards figure 3), resistor R 8, winding of relay 1., wire 20 (figure 1) R 1.iï ', R 101', resistor R 27 battery -.
 EMI4.4
 Relay 1 (figure 3) gets excited and causes the excitation of relay 2 (figure 3) by:

     earth, T 12, the soft windings of 2 in series, wire 21 '. figure 1), resistor R 32, battery .-
 EMI4.5
 By T 2 <3 the inner winding of 2 is short-circuited4, the upper winding of 2 being of low resistance, the potential of the wire 21 is greatly reduced, thus preventing the possible excitation of. a second relay. 2 With its different contacts, working 2 connected the coremande wires to the group of selecticn and commando relays (figure 1).



   Relay 13 '(figure 1) is energized by: (figure 3), earth, contact of X, T 25, wire 18, (figure 1),
 EMI4.6
 R 11, R 384, 15 'winding, botteris -, The engagement of 131 has the effect of exciting the electro X (figure 3) by: (figure 1), earth, T 131', wire 19, ( figure 3), T 24, winding
 EMI4.7
 .nent of X, battery -. X cutting 1 circuit of 13x, this. last falls and then runs the excitation of X, the,. () omm.1 '!:.:':; & rotary turn therefore advances by one step. When it arrives in the azimuth corresponding to 1: (30uipoIT, C71t of commar-de which has been activated, relay 1 (figure 1) is energized by: (figure), earth, key P working, wire 47 , (figure 3), bench
 EMI4.8
 Xa in the considered azimuth, T 13, T 26, wire 17, (figure 1) R 165 ', winding of 1, battery -.



  1 on: nt cuts off the rotation control circuit at R 11.



  The unit impulse 'vt' when transmitted from the huon earth wire dpnnén by the conta and do rest of the selector, wire 18, (figure TU, R .351 J: \ 12.3 t, R 31, R 91 ' , R 91, R 233, R 101, R 122, fil 14. s fir; n.re 3), T 22 ', bench Xc in the considered Fzi.wt, this 8zi ;; it cl8, enlline;, 02 number "'the unit.



  Let us suppose that the selector,> iit in position 4, the pre r d8nte earth will be put on the wire - of the set of conductors 29, (figure 1), then, (figure .2) wire 4, relay 8 ', relay 1, battery -.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 5>

 



   The wires 9 and 40 vomited towards a generator at the frequency the wires 41 and 42 go to a generator at the frequency f2.



   As it is easy to see in Figure 2,
 EMI5.1
 relnis 7, 7 ', 8, 8t, 9, 9', 10, 10 ', allow ll, -, mlssion of two currents of different frequencies at 08 also different intensities, as a result of resist1 ::.: nCf . R 10 to R 17.



   The eight previous relays therefore allow eight combinations.



   In the example shown, relay 8 'causes
 EMI5.2
 sending strong current to IL '! frequency f2, generator at frequency f2, r3sistarice 12, 1 81 ', T 12, wire 38, to the device for switching to the emergency circuit, then output transformer, wire 37, T 11, T 82 ', resistor 14, wire 41, generator at frequency f2.



   By T 13, (figure 2), 1 causes 6 to be excited which prepares the short-circuit of the line at the end of the pulse to discharge the circuit. '
By T 14, he places an earth on the wire 36, this wire 36 is multiplied on all the contacts 21. (Figure 3). The blade of contact 21 is connected to one of the four wires
 EMI5.3
 25 will go 28 depending on the group to which the selector belongs; suppose that the selector belongs to the first group, the blade 21 is connected to the wire 28. The preceding circuit is closed by (figure 1) wire 28, R 161, winding of the relay 3, battery -.



   Relay 3 is delayed and its switch-on delay -
 EMI5.4
 Chôment deter: ine the duration of the short pulse, in fact, it cuts the 8 'excitation circuit (figure 2, in R 31 ..



   Relay 28 is energized by earth T 32, R 105, R 285 ', lower winding of relay 28, battery -.



   28 is held by: battery -, upper winding
 EMI5.5
 of 28, T 233, 3 81 ', 1 L6' ?, earth ,. By T 382, he doubled the earth given on wire 22 nar T 14;: figure 3).



   He comes to work bet
 EMI5.6
 berre, T;: S2, R 12l !, winding 11, battery -.



   Relays 8 'and 1 (figure 2) falling, 3 falls; when the earth is removed from T 32, 12 is excited in series
 EMI5.7
 with 11 ptr; terra on wire 33, T 111, in: r..or.1eme, rr # 'of 12 and 11 in series, battery -.



  In R 12; 5 ', the cutting of the control wire is prepared.



  ± n T 12J ', the switching of the control earth for sending the selector number is carried out.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 6>

 



  When 3 drops, a second pulse is sent;
 EMI6.1
 earth given on the wire lad pir the rest contact of x (figure 3), wire ld, (figure 1), slll, R 251, R 104, R 31, i 91 ', R 91, R 223, R 10, T 12, wire 15, (figure 3), T 21 ', the working contact 21' is connected to. one of the eight wires of the set of conductors 2P according to the number of the selector in 1 ,, group considered, which causes in a manner analogous to view above lt; nva :, of current of frequency and current available on 1.1 circuits; let us suppose that the selector in our example,: e number 7 of the first group, the impulse will be constituted by: current of frequency fl strong and current of frequency f2 weak.
 EMI6.2
 



  The tjrre put by 1 (figure 3) on the wire, 36 comes to excite 3 (fir.w3 1) since we suppose that the selector belongs to the first group: earth on wire 36, (figure 3), T 21; wire 28, (figure 1) R 161, winding of 3, battery -: 3 is energized and the control circuit in R 31.



   9 comes to work by: earth, T 122, T 3, R 21, top winding of 9, bat -
 EMI6.3
 rie -, 9 sc holds, excited by T 93 and in R 91 it definitively cuts off the pulse sending circuit. By T 92, it short-circuits a second winding, co which will make it slow at the rotombéo.



   It will not fall again until 2 is excited, ie when an impulse has been received from the substation.



   If the selector belongs to the second group, the
 EMI6.4
 earth put nar the scraper 1 (figure 4) under the wire 32 was routed to the wire 27 (figure 3) by T 21.



     3 (figuro 1) gets excited by:
 EMI6.5
 terra on wire 27, R 1; 1, R HERE, winding dt, 3.



  The first pulse sent (unit) is therefore short; the excitement of; 11, the fallout of 5 and the vfnue at work (the 12 130 passing cemms seen earlier sent. As soon as 3 falls, the second impulse is sent.



   21 gets excited by:
 EMI6.6
 torr \ .. on wire 27, T 121, R 1, ', R 164, -nrouinmcnt de 21, resistance, R 35, battaric -,
23 is then excited by:
 EMI6.7
 t;: rr. excitation 21, T 21 ", winding 23, resistor R 34, battery -.



     23 is held at the gluing by T 232 and ep T 234 ensures the continuity of the sending, of the impulse.



   25 got excited by:
 EMI6.8
 earth, T 223, cwroul ^ .rnt dr 25, drums - and sc. holds by T 256.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 7>

 



     The excitation of 25 has the following consequences: the preparation of the cut-off of the control in R 251, the bypassing of do 21 by T 254.



   21 comes or rest and 23 is short-circuited by:
 EMI7.1
 bullfighter, T û53, R 211 ,, output of the winding of 23.



   23 drops out, during this time the commando sending circuit is open, contact 234 being open, and contact 251 not yet being restored.



   9 gets excited by:
 EMI7.2
 torr-, T 122, R 231, T 255, R 21, wound, 'erent of 9, battery - 9 cuts on li 91 the circuit sending the ecmmgnclo, it is held by T 93.



   The relays of Figure 2 for sending 1 pulse therefore come to ropos, the earth on wire 36, (Figure 2), is removed. 25 falls.



   The duration of the pulse is therefore that necessary for the engagement of three relays followed by glue necessary for their fallout caused by short-circuit; all three relays can be fitted with delay rings, as shown in figure 1, the pulse duration can be set very exactly. ,
If the selector belongs to the third group, the terro of wire 36 (figure 2 and figure 3) is routed to wire 26, The three relays 21, 23, 25 then come into action by: earth on wire 26, R 123, R 143 ', R 165, winding 21, resistor R 35, battery -,
The first pulse sent is therefore long.



   When 25 is at work, 11 gets excited by: earth, T 252, R 121 ', winding of 11, battery
28 gets excited by:
 EMI7.3
 tvrro, T 252, R 105, R 2B5t, enrou1 "'ffi <:; nt lower than z 1 atterio and is held by 1 same circuit as colui seen more jump
At the fall of 25, 12 is excited in series with 11,
 EMI7.4
 ha terr <: which 1'1 short-circuited by T 252 being removed.



  The second impulse then begins, 3 is excited p3r: earth on wire 26, T xi, li 161 .. -inroulemont do 3, battcY> a ¯, it is therefore short.



   9 is still oxidized at the end by:. to: ro, T 122, T 33, R 21, @ winding, battery - and
 EMI7.5
 ccupo 1: ': command sending circuit, in R 91.



  If the selector belongs to the fourth group, the '.orre on the wire 36 (figures 2 and 3) ..Jst routed to 1 ('

 <Desc / Clms Page number 8>

 wire 25, which caused the operation of the three relays 21, 23, 25, as seen above.



   The first pulse sent is therefore long-, 11,
 EMI8.1
 2à and 12 6 'are shown as above.



   The second impulse begins with the fall of 25.



   The earth of the wire 25 still causes the operation of the rollers 21, 23, 25 and at the end of the pulse 9 is excited by: earth, T 122, R 231, T 255, R 21, upper winding of 9, battery -.
 EMI8.2
 



  Subsequent operation at the e? Mànanàù nc station will only be able to occur after the reception of two pulses from the substation, these soft pulses being 1 ;: counter-1. '' of those sent above.



   Let's take a look at what happens at the substation.
 EMI8.3
 



  Relays 2, 5, 4,, (f16urc 10) are fitted; by d; ux one seric behind a filter ot a rectifier, each filter not letting pass that the current fl cu the current f2.



   Relays 2 and 4 are designed to work with
 EMI8.4
 10 aJurF'nt faibl ,,, trtndis que los r.J1r: is 3 ot 5 function (3nt with the run strong, of course, in the latter case, 2 and
 EMI8.5
 4 come to work, this is a serious consequence for the proper functioning of the system.



   At those where there would be four different frequencies, there would be four filters each having a rectifier and a relay.
 EMI8.6
 



  L "pr <.: miérc: impulse in chosen is composed of C () - 1l'Dnt strong at frequency f2.



   Relata 3 and 4 are excited by: output of transformer T 4, R 142, R 62, R 12, filter F2, rectifier, c n- bearings of 3 and 4 in series, rectifier, filter F2, R 11, R 61, R 141, transformer input. By T 51, an earth is put on the wire 78 which goes to figure 9.
 EMI8.7
 



  In FIG. 9, the rclais 29, 29 ', 31', are used to form the eight combinations corresponding to the eight digits of units in the case of the use of weak or strong couri.nts of two frequencies.



   The rolais 33, 35, 35 ', are used to form the eight combinations corresponding to the eight numbers of the selectors of each group. The relays 30, 32, 34, operate the selection of the four groups; they are controlled by relays 5 and 13 which discriminate between a long pulse and a short pulse.



   Relay 31 gets excited by:
 EMI8.8
 earth on wire eb, R 101, R 41, upper winding 31 lower winding of 2, battery 2 is also energized;

 <Desc / Clms Page number 9>

 'ot causes 7 to come to work by: earth, R 122,
 EMI9.1
 R 105 ', T 26, R 74, a: nroul ;; m: nt dc 7, bDtterio -.



  7 is stuck by: earth, R.121, T 71, etc ....



  By cutting the terra do R 72, it marks the occupation
 EMI9.2
 of the group do r: -. selection leave, d the substation and on T 72 it allows the different control relays to be maintained.



   31 is held by: earth, T 72, T 315, bottom winding of 31, battery -.



   A torre on wire 4 of the set of conductors
 EMI9.3
 95 Is placed by: earth, R 29le R 2 ': I, T 312, wire 4 of the ansoble of conductors 95.
 EMI9.4
 , pnnd2nt the excitation do 2, 111 came to work by: earth, R 122, R 105 ', T 26, R 144', winding of 11 ', battery -.



   At the end of the pulse 14 is excited in series with
 EMI9.5
 111 by: earth, R 121, T 1111, windings of 14 and 11 'in series, bcttorie -, 14 causes switching of the control wires to the rolais receiving the second pulse, (selector number),
In the example taken, this second impulse is
 EMI9.6
 constituted by the f ible current of frequency f2 superimposed on the strong current of frequency fl. '
 EMI9.7
 2 ', 5, 4, (figure 10), are therefore oxidized as well as 33 ot 35' (figure 9), 33 by: (figure 10), earth, T 51, wire 76 @
 EMI9.8
 (figure 9), R 103, T 141 ',' mrouloment of 33, winding of 2, battery -.



   35 'by: (figure 10), earth, T 41, wire 77, (figure 9), R 102, T 42, winding do 35', winding of 2, battery -.



   33 ot 35 'are due to the bonding by: T 334 and T 355'.
 EMI9.9
 



  Pnr T 333, T 354 ', R 30û 1, ï z', a ground is put on one of the 32 wires numbered here 94.



  0; fil matches the seventh selnct, -% ur of the first group.



  The Arabic numerals placed next to the preceding ¯sies¯.2.¯.fils 94 indicate the selector number.



   Roman numerals indicate the group number.



   It is thus easy to see that: 30, 32, 34, at rest, the command is sent to the first group.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 10>

 
 EMI10.1
 



  50 nu tr: V ': il, 32, 34 nu zr-: po3, the commando is sent to the trolsiëinc groupo.



  30, 33 "u ti; <v", 11, 34 nu nopos, 1s command is un'1oyo nu qUrlt1: 1st, 10 group.



  30, 5.3 u ri> pos, 54: at work, 10 com: nnndo .qat f}} W'6y4r> nu d; uxièm ". Group. Let us examine m: intnznt ooament takes place 1> s41:. <Etion of group using /: 8 In pulse duration. z3 1 "1 ç.r .. '. mié, r <: pulse, 5 is excited by: t:.: ri? gi, T 2' 7, ji 104 ', il 54, winding of 5, resistor R 317, bntteric.



  5 so tiunt pr'r T 51, por T 53 it puts 13 under tension Ill'îis this d.:rni:3r, g1'f: ct: su short-circuit of its "nrouloment auT'oriour a 11 131 ost 1 <:; nL to. 1'-tt, r <; ctl.on; if the pulse ..st short ":, it 11" is excited pfis, d0. m, mc if 1 lrd: = ux 1 éiiù pulse rst short, los 1 ','. l: '1is 3C, 34, rcatont' 1u rest, 1 "1 aom- m'jndo is <; nvwy4-l on a gel <: 'ct..ur du first group.



  If 1'i pr., Mié.: I pulse is a long pulse 13 is excited, ao ti;> nt 1> 1:, r T lu2 ,, t pnr T 103 oourt-oircuito 5.



  The '' ': n3.Rbl <.': <The ± '' 318 i8 5 and 13 is established from; tol1 ('sort .., lur the long pulse tooth it C <1t fczit UGI "I3 here nit l'; t: ', reps d", f ir',) excite 15 and do foire rotombor oO'DiJlt [1m -) nt
 EMI10.2
 5.
 EMI10.3
 



  A cr, morr.::nt 30 s ': xc: ti = <Pr1: r': -; rc :, T 1S4, H 5r ;, R i14 .; nroI11om () nt of. he "> batte1'ie -.



  3Q sn ti13fit pr T 30ô '. if 1 ^ dúu: x.ièrr.) impulse is an impulse cnurt:., 32 and: 3-1: remaining "1l r: pos.



  L0 land d0nnü by relri5 33 ', 33, 35', 35, (; st - ^ i, uillé; to 1 "8 sons of the third group, the third. Group '1 having the long unit pulse, and 1 'impulse of ii, 4r, of. sel., eti (' lI1 short.
 EMI10.4
 
 EMI10.5
 



  9i J ...;. \: 5 two pulses are long, 30 got excited as above he 1 ') prsnniére.



  Ln dc: uxièr.r; ¯ = rit to excite 5, then 13; 5 falls and at coe moment 32 is excited prirt earth, T 134, 52, T i's3, T 305 ', upper winding do 32, battery -.



  Ln terre de cocn: 'nde is then sent to a
 EMI10.6
 fourth group selector.
 EMI10.7
 8i 1 "pr :: mièrn Impulse> .st courto and 1> 1 second long, 5 got excited at 1- first) oand remained i ';' \ J .. <11.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 11>

 
 EMI11.1
 30, 34, 3: are nu rpOB.
 EMI11.2
 



  Z ^ second pulse f "it oxcitor 15 and fall back 5. 34 excltD '. Then prr: torr, T lui, R 52, T 143', R 306 ', upper winding 54, battery -.



  1, common land; a3r sent to the) second
 EMI11.3
 groupo.
 EMI11.4
 



  1t, xample that we have chosen, 1 ^ torro do commnnd. is routed to the wire 7, 1 of the set of conductors 94, it causes the oxoltFitio of the pelcis 2 of the 1 '± settling of the selcotcur S0lptiéCl0 of the first' group, (figure II) 1 '' '1 ': (figure 9), torrc, T Si3S, T'U54', H 3C2 ', R342 thread 9 !, (figure 11), soft (nrOU10mnnts de 2 co series, thread 92, (figur: -: 9) , réaiat 'neo H lino, b..ttl> rio -.



  2 (figure 11), oourt ... c1 l'cui te, its coiling of strong resistance ,, nc-, prr T 2 ?, c ;, which lowers the potout4al of the wire 92, enpcch: nt thus double connection.



  2 ro1io "'1.1 group do relay do If f" 1GUre 9 the different control wires, 131 (figure 9) $,' exc1tn P!> R * (figure 11), earth, contnct here rest of the rotary conzùutatcur X, T 24, thread 8Q, (figure 9), R17., 4nxau, omct do 1,3 ',
 EMI11.5
 drums *'
 EMI11.6
 X got excited p ".r: (figure 9), t0rrc, T 131 ', wire 90, (figure 11), fi, cnrnulQment of X, battery -.



  X getting excited suddenly, Ls torro (him C4Cc1t "it 13 '.



  Cnlui rotoc: ibr: nt, X ^ v ^ nc. with a step.



  Q, trnd X arrives at the azimuth of the units figure '(here damn), 1 (figure 9) is excited by:
 EMI11.7
 (figure 9), battery winding 9, wire 88,
 EMI11.8
 (figure 11 '), T 25, H 11, bnpe X b dnna the azimuth of the digit in units, here 4, wire .1 d; the insnible of 'conductours95, (figure 9), T z, R 291, R 291', earth.



  X 8 (3 finds 'd.ns1 oriented on l t rg ", n (' d: rwnd3.



  From the operation of 1 (figure 9), the sending of control pulses takes place in COm..a.0p <rnt always 1 '' '1' 1 'sending of the unit pulse. (.fi, urc: 11), terru, contact do rest of X, T 2.1 =, thread 39, (figure 9), ', IL 11,' ± t'251, R 161 ', R 31, R 71' , R 1.'l ', R 101', R 8 :, fil 86, (figure 11), T 27 bnno Xc dpns azimuth of the unit, here s, fil '1 do the whole dn Mnduotcurs 79, ( figure -9), (figure 10), thread 4,: 1: ':; 1 ".18 1'; ruinis 1, bntterie.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 12>

 



  Strong current at frequency f2 is #when sent
 EMI12.1
 on the pir circuit: (figure 10), frequency generator; f2, wire 70, resistance R 20, T 101 ', i 11, R 61, R l, n, tr ^ nsîorm <o- turn, R 1i2, R 62, T 2, 1 there2', resistnnte R 22, wire 71, generator at frequency f2.



   The eight relays 9, 9 ', 10, 10', 11, 11 ', 12, 12',
 EMI12.2
 r-imai that the resist-nces E 18 to R 24 have the same role as the relays and resistors rnniogues of figure 2; they are used to determine the eight combi: -: "I1sons of currents and possible tw.nsions.
 EMI12.3
 A ro1r13 13 'comes out to cause In discharge of the circuit after each pulse.
 EMI12.4
 



  1st relay 1 me a terra on the wire and causes in3i 10 cQntrôll: do the ::. Urea to the impulse. C wire 74 ': multiplied on contacts 21 of all the selectors, (figure
 EMI12.5
 11), the file 2,1, it, are found connected to one of the four wires 96 to 99 according to the group of the selector.



   In the example chosen, the selector belongs to u
 EMI12.6
 first group, In l0n8 21 is connected to wire 99.



  Ze relay Z, (figure 9) is then excited by: earth on wire 99, e 12v, winding of 3, brttiric -. ue circuit I the earth of excitation of r ',. :: l1iis lf "ot 1 (figure 10) is found cut when 3 is naked trov11, in R-31.



  8 'is oxidized p: r: earth, T 32, R 86, will wind 8', battery -.



   1 (Figure 10) falling, 3 (Figure 9) returns to rest.
 EMI12.7
 



  8 viort 110rs zou trc3vwil on series nV8C 8! By: earth, R 121, T 81 ', windings of 8 and do 8', battery -.



     The impulse sent was therefore short.
 EMI12.8
 



  Ln Aauxiëme impulse.; St sent do 1 f "following lesson: terra on wire 89 given by the selector, T 11, il 251, Fi IG1 ', R 51, R 71', P, 121 ', li law', T d3, thread 87, (fieure 11), T 26, then on threads of the onsonblo do con, luct, urs 79, cc thread lirrio vvcc the nur ^ .4 ro of the selector in the group, here we "vv chosen the seventh, therefore wire 7 of 79, (figure 3), (figure 10), wire 7, relay lu, rol-1-s 1, b; ttcrie -. har T 121, T bzz ;, 1 123, T bzz, (fi: ur :: 10) high current: \ frequency fl, '"11') 3i qu .. du cOUl" 1nt f ^ .ir2s 3 frequency f2 are sent on line.



  Since we -, 7 suppose qii ;; the selector: '1pp'1rti' nt to the first group, the earth put .p.: r 1 (figure the) on the wire

 <Desc / Clms Page number 13>

 
 EMI13.1
 74 Is needled to wire 9 (figure 9). 3 is then excited p., R (f'igur.J 9) to = rrç: s'àr 1 <, wire 99, 1 & 12d, enroulom = nt 1> "1 ': (figuro 9) earth ;: on 1 .., thread 99, Il 121 :, onroulomont de
 EMI13.2
 3, bnttorio -.
 EMI13.3
 



  3 cut the circuit dn lasrtcrrc do eommnd0 dos 1'01n18 12 and 1 (figure 1J) in R 31 and f1t excite 16 'by: earth, T 84, T 33, 1? 23, enroulcrac: nt de 1G ', b! 1tt,: Jri0 -.



  16 'blow: on R 151' 1 ,: meamo circuit that 3 on R 31 (6 being excited, 85 is open).



  16 'sn mninticnt stuck psr torr0, R 121, R 25, T 16 -.!:', Ote It was vxcitor 10 prr: earth, T 163 ', winding of .; 10, 'battery -.



  10 ao holds p'n'r T 103 'has caused the switching of the son CO! Llm11ndf', 75, 78 'to 1 ,,; s rolnis receivers do In oommrndo proprúmont dito.



  16 'ni r; ¯3tomber.r. that when 2 sora excited, that is to say when the subatoticn received an impulse from 1n co) mnndc. the one we saw at the comlfj station,. ': nde ::. Three relays 21, .23, 25 are still ali, rgt5a d, :) det:' # rnlncr 15, duration of the long pulse.



  The o3, ,, it, iti.on of 61 is afftctud for T 255.



  Ccilo dn 16 'por: torro, T t3, T 252,! 231, R 2S, otc Let us examine the reception of these pulses from the central station to the commando station.



  The pulse receiving device (Figure 2) also includes d, llX, fl1tr ::: s F 1 ilt F 2 and qu ,,. Tri ,, r4l, is receptc3urs 2, 5, 'to, 7 1. "p1 ':: mièl' (J control impulse (unit s) ± ': -: 1 t. in the example rc3vrés: -: nté ,,;' no high frequency ± 2, therefore causes the excit "; tion dos r ':' 'l3is, 1 and 5.



  5 puts a terra on T 51 on wire 31 towards the rc group ::::: is,: ia comiat, .nà: (f: tf. ', Lro 1).



  ; r .. '4r.is s C1 (fid'JY2 1) gets excited yryJ; earth on 10 wire 5 l, ri 31, rt 1: 1, winding xàipériour of 37., winding of 2, b "t. tor'i" -.



  31 x, 1 tiunt by T 315 on the general tarrû of I! 1'11ntiGu.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 14>

 
 EMI14.1
 



  A torrc is found misc or the thread: j, d, l "ri, 8,", mblc de. conductors 2 p: 1r: earth, 291 ', T 5I', wire 4 of 24.



  11 'is excited by: twrrr general ^ 1 .; hold, T oh, R 1.r5, me yes 'mount of Il', battery -.



   When: 2 falls, at the end of impulse 14
 EMI14.2
 is excited in series' 11Tce 11 'prr: earth c.6nérrlc of maintenance, T 111') windings di "11 and 11", on series, br.tte.rie - L selection of the group to which mppirti, nt lc selector is carried out from In mÉm ::: 1..içon to 1 ?. sub-st'ltiop by d.; ux r (lr 18 5 ot 13 which make 111 disftrimin'1tion .ntr: 1 " sd,: ux gonr s of pulses, t which COffim "nd'nt 1.is three r..l: 'is, 32, 3Ij ppr dos circuits identical to those seen more hut.



  5 ,, t 15 have 1 ur cir cuit d., Cor; ffind, ', which passes through T 22 and 6. They contm "nd,', nt 3b, S2, 54, pnr T 13,., 52, and ï'l 1. ±, to, T 141 ', T 145'.



   The wires 23 coming from the contacts of 30, 52, 34, each go to a selector and are numbered as in the sub-
 EMI14.3
 station: 2-111 indicates 2nd selector, 3rd :: ir; Group.



   The second pulse in the example taken consists of the high frequency current, fl and the low frequency current f2. 2, 3, 4, (figure 2) get excited dona
3 puts an earth on wire 33
4 puts an earth on wire 32
33 and 35 '(figure 1) get excited.



   The first by:
 EMI14.4
 earth on wire 33, R 85, T 143, top winding 13, etc
The second by:
 EMI14.5
 earth on wire 32, f. i32, T bzz, top winding of 35 ', etc ..... as we have assumed that the selector belongs to the first group, the two pulses received are short.
 EMI14.6
 By T 33â, T 354 Il 502 ', 11 342', an earth given by R 225 is placed on one of them 23 corresponding to the seventh selector of the first group.



   If the two pulses received correspond to the number of the component taken, relay 22 is energized. This relay is designed to be energized only if the currents which
 EMI14.7
 cross its two windings sbnt c-leases.



  The two cl.uit8 are lei3 '3uiv3nta: battery -, right dg of 28, CC wire, (figure e 3), 2? 2, i ïl, bzz wire, (lzgurc; 1) i3 34 ",: 3OûT, i ü¯> 4 ', 1 3'7'7 R 225, earth.
 EMI14.8
 coiled battery, 3 strain of 22, wire 16. (figure 3),

 <Desc / Clms Page number 15>

 
T 27, T 15, bench Xb in the azimuth of the units digit, 4 here, wire 4 of the set of conductors 24 (figure 1),
 EMI15.1
 T 312, R 291, R 291 ', earth. 22 is held by T 2 '-, Zt T 224 on the general maintenance earth and intersects the control earth at R 225.



   22 by energizing connects the pulse control wire at 223 and causes the lighting of the general socket lamp. 11 (figure 4) by: (figure 1), earth, T 221, wire 10 (figure 4) lamped 11, battery-.



   This lamp is common to all the control equipment of a substation.



  Its ignition indicates to the operator who has taken the organ, -. That the control has been correct - and that he can send the command.
 EMI15.2
 



  Suppose we wanted to start lo d1: 3jonc- turn.
 EMI15.3
 



   * The Co command line (figure 4) is pushed to the left.



     4.3 'engages by .. earth, working contact of Co, R 12, upper winding of 4, battery -.
 EMI15.4
 



  By T 44, it makes excitor 1 by its lower roll. is maintained by T 13 'and resistance R 1.



     4 is then held by:
 EMI15.5
 t ;; rr, R 23., T 11, T 42, R SI, lower winding do 4, battery -.
 EMI15.6
 



   The position change lamp 1 lit by: torro, T 41, 'T 15,: 21', la!: Lp 1, batt <; rio -.



  Lamp 1 rcst3ra on until dc is received. the impulse indicate the change !: m (nt of position of the branch. t <a first impulse of o'ontr8lQ rcquù at the station which made cxoitur 2 (figure 1). the circuit of 9 is found cut on R 2. 9 rotombo therefore, with delay since its lower winding is ..n short-circuit, 91 therefore reestablished but 9 'is excited by T 23 ot cuts 1'. 'circuit of:; nvei of pulses zon R 91'. delay of 9 'Lst was sufficient for the circuit to be cut off, causing the t # npd separating the two pulses.

   When the d: uxièm: 3 arrived 9 'ai ?: found maintained by T 23.
 EMI15.7
 the end of the second pulse., 1 :; circuit to-1 commanded d <"the sending of impulses is found: therefore restored; it is then the next one;

 <Desc / Clms Page number 16>

 
 EMI16.1
 tcrr 'give in 1 ,. sêl (and: 'ur on wire z3, T 11, R 251, R 104, R Z3, R 91', R 91, T '.'. '2., Li 2d3', flil 13, (f igur: 3), T 23 ', bane Xd, wire 4G (figure 5).



  When lowering: the Co key, relays 4 and 1
 EMI16.2
 get excited, lc previous circuit su t) 'open ,; 'completed by: T 44', T 11 ', rut û3, thread 4 as the set of conduc- ti ,, urs 39, (figure 3), then 1; then 2, relay si, relay 1, battery -.
 EMI16.3
 There is then onvoi on the circuit (1: current fflrt at frequency f 2 A choice has been made in the example taken here for the
 EMI16.4
 high current engagement command, frequency 1 Z, and. for low to fre current trip control -
 EMI16.5
 qU811ce t '1 The duration of the pulses is of the same order as that of the short selection pulses, all control and signaling pulses have this duration.



   (figure 2), put an earth on wire 36.
 EMI16.6
 



  The four different wires 25, 26, '3 ?, 28, (figure 1) are joined together and at relay 3, so that all the pulses will be short.



   25 is joined to 28 in T 121,
 EMI16.7
 26 "Il Il 29 in T 123, and, 29" "25 in T 143 'The sending of the impulse is cut in R 31.



  8 gets excited then rar:
 EMI16.8
 earth, T 32, T. 1'l ', T 142', d winding, battery -.



   8 is held by T 84.



   8 switches wires 31, 32, 33, 34 to the signaling reception relays and cuts the control circuit of 5 and 13 at R 85.



   9 gets excited by!
 EMI16.9
 earth, T 122, T ii, R 31, winding of 9, battery -, and is held by T 93, it cuts the wire sending pulses.



   At the substation, (figure 10), relays 4 and 3 get excited and cause earthing on wire 78 by T 31.



   Relay 27, (figure 9), is energized by: earth on wire 78, T 101, lower winding 27, lower winding 2, battery -
27 stands by:

 <Desc / Clms Page number 17>

 
 EMI17.1
 earth, R 121, R 2? 3 ', T y75 upper winding of 2P, battery -, 16' drops its circuit being cut at R 25 and it restores the pulse sending control circuit at 161 ', but 2 excited 7 'which maintains the circuit
 EMI17.2
 above open in 71 ', 7' only falls back with r ''. late at the end of the pulse.



   Relay A, (figure 12), is energized by:
 EMI17.3
 (figure 9), earth, R 271t, T 272, wire 85, (figure 11), T i? l ', bench Xd, wire 105, (figure 12),. R 11', winding of A, 'battery - .
 EMI17.4
 It has been shown schematiqucment in Figure 12, a circuit breaker of a type commonly employed in electrical power networks. p 1 is the contact establishing the distribution circuit.
 EMI17.5
 p 2 have signaling contact 4.



  E is the dcc: nel; nchem.: Nt coil.



  R is the decic-nchextent coil.



  When the circuit breaker is tripped, the E 1 contaet is established.



  A, by latching, therefore causes the current of coil E by: battery -, Al, El, coil E, earth.



   The circuit breaker engages and is then held mechanically.
 EMI17.6
 niquemont, it closes contact R 1. The clicks on when the circuit breaker has come to work. Earth given by P2 at work, A2, upper winding of the.
 EMI17.7
 



  'se; holds on the wire U "'5 by T 11', 'while A falls back.



  The relay he (figure 9) got excited with un-rcts :: r, at. which is calculated for etr ,. greater or time required for 01101 in, ch.,: m'1t of relay A (figure 12) ot of circuit breaker. earth, R 21, T 274, bottom winding 11, battery -.



   15 is then excited by: (figure 13), torre given: by P 2 at work, wire 102,
 EMI17.8
 (figure 11), bancXg, T 24 ', wire 82, (figure 9), T 113, @ 151', winding of 15, battery -.



   15 stands by T-152.



   Uno impulse d.- .: control, and sent to the station.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 18>

 earth given in the selector by the rest contact of X on wire 89, (figure 9 ;, T 11, H 251, R 161 ', R 31, R 71', (7 'has dropped at the end of the pulse received with a certain delay),: 1 121 ', T 101', T 153; wire 4 of the set of conductors 79, (figure 10), relay 10 ', relay 1, battery -
A strong current is then sent to the circuit at the frequency f2.



   Relay 1 (figure 10) puts an earth on wire 74. The different wires 96, 97, 98, 99, (figure 9), which each go to the selectors of the same group are joined together and at relay 3.



   96 to 98 by T d2
97 to 99 by T 81
96 to 99 per T 102 '
The pulse sent is therefore short, wire 99 being joined to relay 3 by R 124.



   When 0 is energized, 16 're-energizes and again cuts the control wire at R 161'. Relay 1, (figure 12), is energized by: earth, (figure 9), T 34, T 154, wire 80, (figure 11) T 26 ', bench Xi, wire 100, (figure 12), winding top of 1, battery 1 is held by 1 13.



   At the command station, reception of the impulse sent causes relays 4 and 5 to be energized (figure 2).



  The earth is placed on wire 31.



   Relay 27 '(figure 1) is energized by: earth on wire 31, T 81, upper winding 27', winding 2, battery -. 'ru ---, laughter 271,
27 'stands by: earth, T 93', R 273, T 274 ', 27' lower winding, battery -.



   The 27 'earth holding lasts the time necessary for the operation of the relays of the circuit breaker equipment (figure 4).



   Relay 2 (figure 4) is then energized by: earth, T 272 ', wire 11, (figure 3), T 25', bench Xf, wire 44, (figure 4), middle winding of 2, battery
 EMI18.1
 2 holds by T 86. terro 5 kills by: 431, Pnrouleriort terro of eXCiO ::> 1: 1. 118 2, pésistapce R 2, T 43 ', r-mrou18Y.1ont lower than â8 3, battery -, and tiqnt by: T 30, and T j3 T 41'. 3 short circuit dp 4 in 11 31. 4 opens the circuit for sending ion: 3 on .14: '

 <Desc / Clms Page number 19>

 
Loraque 4 has fallen, the upper winding of 3 is supplied by: earth, T 33, R 41 ', winding
 EMI19.1
 out of 3 better than 3, battery -. The two windings of 3 being differential 3 'falls and the circuits of its two windings being cut at 33 and 36.



   The circuit of lamp 1 is cut in 21 ',
 EMI19.2
 the position switch: .ent lamp therefore goes out, indicating to the operator that the command has been carried out.
 EMI19.3
 



  The operator then has In f ".culto to send the reverse command if he wishes.



   Let us first examine the case of no
 EMI19.4
 commanded from the circuit breaker '' 'ur before the operator raised the socket key.



   If the circuit breaker trips, an earth on wire 105 is put by contact P2 (figure 12) which has come to rest.
 EMI19.5
 This iron causes (figure 9) the switching on, (). IIÏ3Dt of relay 2 by :.



   (figure 11) torre on wire 103, bench Xf, T 23 ', wire
 EMI19.6
 63 ,. (figure 9), T 11 ,, T 151, T 1621, upper winding of 2, battery -.



   In R 21, the circuit do 11 is cut,: '11 falls back., Followed by 15. 16' cut on R 25 also falls back cutting 2 in 1G2 '' ..
 EMI19.7
 



  As soon as 2 f9.; T returned to rest, '11 is reoxolto by the circuit seen previously, 15 'then comes to work by: earth on wire 83 (earth given by P2 - (figure 12) -
 EMI19.8
 T 112, R 151, rolled up (Jh1cmt do 15 battery.! -, 15 'is held by T 152 @
An impulse is then sent 1, the station, earth given by the rest contact of the selector, wire 89,
 EMI19.9
 T 11, R 251, n 161 ', R 31, R Pl', R 121 '; T 101 'T 155', wire 3 of the set of conductors 79, (figura il, 1 "<lais 10, relaia 1, battery -.



   There is therefore sending of a weak current at the frequency f 2.



   This pulse is therefore identical to that corresponding to the trip command.
 EMI19.10
 



  The excitation of 3, then of 1.6? 8 (figure 9), is done by the same circuit already seen above.
 EMI19.11
 The rolais 1 (figure 12), of which the two Sin1 oul; omonts are differential falls back, Gon lower winding 6tent supplied by: (figure 9), terra, T 34, T 154 ', wire il, (figure 11), T 25 ', bench X4, wire 101, T 12, lower winding of 1, battery -.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 20>

 
 EMI20.1
 



  At the command \ 1 stntiC, this impulse excites 1 ', relay 4 (figure 2).



  The; relay 27 (figure 1) is excited by: t..rr <:: on wire 32, T 82, onroulomont sup4rl'mr of 27,,:; nr'ou10- iL, 'nt of 2, battorij -, 2 ut 9 'get excited. 37 cuts the possible maintenance of 87 'in 2J ut sC' then maintains by: earth, T 93 ', R 27, T 2F4, lower winding of 27, battiria -.



  2 being excited, 9 falls back, 1 sending circuit to 'impulse have therefore reestablished in 3 1, H 91', (9 '' st returned to rupos once the impulse t ', rr1inéc), but dan3 1 'yai ^ w - mont dn comrcandt, from dis ionctr: ur (fil'.ur 4), c "circuit zie ouvort',; n 44 '.



  A land is tt'Ouv "'when hîi 3 =. On 1 wire 12 n4.



  T 3'72. The r "> l fi 1 2 (fiur ''. 4) falls = uz; 1 o rs; j (fit \ 1l '(',), torro on wire 12, T 4 ', bench X,;:, wire 45, thread 4, T 2C, 'nrou- lorocnt superior, battoric - 1, flux do 1' onroul, nu: nt, gun! Emr L3 2 () 8t. N! 1 s,; 'n. "1 c4ntrair back Nmn4x flow by 1 ': 13 soft eutrcs =: nroal.r:.: nts, 2 r.torzbr: so.



  Torr.) Is; nvoy :: ¯, towards 1'- '1',. 1.918 pintail; r'-i% i {fiGure 4. \, earth., R 45, 1 11 ', B 33', 'thread 50,. The 1 <lmp .; de ch <nt,: mc.nt tl :; pOGi ti <.. W! intl.ilr, to! 'r ";, intG-l'! 'uptour éad; Enc, 5, :: \ 41, T 13, it 21', 13mp ('1, batt, 1!' io.



  Which indicates '2. 1' Jr,; rr, t: ur lU "the position do 1 '' :: rg {,), h1 is not concordünc (1; V: -. C the position d, ) the cl3 of c01mnend 'vU.



  9t> u remove 1 sointil1 ') m, nt, the up0i'ntr, ur only has to rn; n ;; n :: r the cl <5 in ..n p.'18itL'n "dc : cl; vncli3 ", c 'ü8t -, - Air (. go to the right.



  4 sa re,: x itn by: torro, contact di .: Ce, T 13, 'nrUUl, 2a: nt SU;: ri-: uI "d' 1.



  1 short-circuited by: terrI ', contact do Co, T 42',; 30rti "d ,. 1, falls back, il,: 01: Guivi do 4.



  Los circuits de la Ismp 1 't da r 1318 pilt ..'; are coupla on 16 and 12 '.



  Suppose now that; l '-, p6rat,' ur sysnt:, ncl <Tnch6 the circuit breaker v, ul1L 1-, dcl =: nch; r before having r 16v to the key dr taken '. P.



  All it needs is' d-: ra, 'l: n') r the key C> à. the! 1, '! Siti': n "dc cl ;. n ch5".

 <Desc / Clms Page number 21>

 
 EMI21.1
 



  4 s' 0xai t ,: c <#mnl .; seen above and:, st followed by:.: the raarnb ::: d:.: 1, ccu; t-eirauité. 4 H ", holds by: terri., T 21, R 11, T -12, il 51, :: nr.: Ul.mint inféri: ur d ,,, 4, batt '/ ris La' lamp: 1 s 'ailamu.



  An impulse is then cnv,) yén at a substotion.



  (flgur: 1), tü1'rr] given in 1- :: séloct .: 1ur sur li fil 48, T 11, n 351, R 104, H 31, R 91 ', R 91, T 223.



  R 3ü3 ', wire 13 figure 3.), T 23, bench Xd, wire 46, T 44', Rll ', T 24, wire 3 of 1' nscnblo of conductors 29 (figure 3), (figure 1) , (figure 2), relay 8, relay 1, battcri. 3 -.



  A? impulse; n cutting weak-. at, i, frequ.in <# 1 f2 is:; nv:; 3c: for ln circuit, it: is characteristic of d'.3cl \ '. Jnchn! T) .ont.



  . 1a sous-stati.in, (figur,) '10), L r: lais 4 slcx- Citi'3, rntt nt un :: t '#: ro sur lE3 fil 77, 27' (fiypro 7) s' rar , earth on wire 77, T 102, 0nrJ10) nt inférior due w7. ', anrr: uJ, omr.nt 1nfer :: 1ur dl3 2, battery -. .



  27 'o-upo in î3 2773' maintaining 3r which retnmbc. w9 'se ti,) 11t then by:' t6rro, ii 121, R 2'73, T 274 ', Gnroulc1!' !, ', nt greater than 37', battery -.



  2 by being excited c:) u :: k, 10 maintaining 16 'on R 2'5, as well as that of Il an rl 21.
 EMI21.2
 



  15 also falls.
 EMI21.3
 When 2 rC: Jv1ant au. rest, the circuit dn 11 if
 EMI21.4
 found restored.
 EMI21.5
 



  The rolaia T! (fiur. 12) gets excited by: (figure 9), earth, T 371 ', R 271, wire 84, (figure 11), 1 22', bench Yc, wire law, rolled D, battery -. laar 11 le rolais D excites the dt-tripping coil H of the circuit breaker.



  The torrc.% Mi, 3o by'P3 'on the wire 1G3 is oxeitv'r 15' by: terra donnà. * .. -tir i p ') "wire 103, (figure. 11), bench Xf, T 33 ', wire 83, T 112, .R lsl, rolais 15', battcrio -.



  15 'is not T 15w'.



  The pulse from oontrlp this al: rs sent to the do coro.mandi station in the same way as that seen above d0m- mounts in the case of triggering. z, the station of: c ". 'mr.1andc, (figure 1), 1 .: rosais'? s'' '' xci1 ;; u ot, placing a '! torrc on 1: thread 12 prav:; c , u:. the coming to rest of r, 1 (.; i13 2 (fi ,, U). ",; 4), n as well as R: us the aV: .. na saw
 EMI21.6
 

 <Desc / Clms Page number 22>

 
 EMI22.1
 upper. The lam]): 1 8 'üt', iint, 3 excited, cut 4 .lui r: tsmb followed by dc,.



  We can d 'ne IJff,:; ctu'3r a n .rnbrc; da,; an: J.7uvr,; s that Icpnquc meaning av ir fi r <: levrr the key of 'Taken (\ P, l' 'l1i' free, just r "'lovor the key P.



  La t <; rr ,: On the wire z? is deleted.



  Fool 1 (fiEJur; 3) r.tombe, followed by el, -; 2 j le t, rrc on lc wire 22 (; st suprri'jec "n T 14 (figurv 3), but iXt maintained. '.: N T 2t'2 (fi: urc; 1).



  Relay 1 r.t:; mb; de8L.!,; 'nt, las t: rr <of wire 17 which kept 16knt removed ..': due to r 1 jv .xw nt: 1 ,; ln key P.



  An impulse of the liLrati :: n O (t <'nv y1c v "rs la s: .us = stati: n, dnns l',; xomp1c taken, ') 11, -' 11 summer ch, ls1 'en cou- rant faibio of frequency fl.



  (figuro 1), ter, R 12, T 285, R 251, R 104, 1;> 1, R 91 ', 1? 91, R 13, T 236, thread 1 of i ';> ns <.. 16bl <. to: c nduct'urs 29, (figure 2), relais 7, r..lai.s 1, b ±: tt ('r1c, -.



  The. ' relay 1 (figura 2) word a t: rr, ',.) Ur 1. wire 3'i, but the fallout; du r., 18i8 3, du aél.ot'-ur a.-u'v ', rt le c'n - tact 21. Wire length 56: st r bound to wire 28 m H 14 (figur-. 1 ) and n'us, av.; ns seen that l, 's éJ.uatr:,. fi1s 25, 26, 37, 88 / ::! 1t r,; 11és at r-lais 3; 1 '..' circuit of 3 is established and 3 c skirt read c:, mm11ndc to ,,. the impulse on Il 31.



  A 1'1 s ;, ux-stati: n, 1 ;, relay 2 (figur '10) s';: xcit ot places uni t> rrc on 1-u wire 75.



  12 (figure 0) comes' U work: torr: on lc thread 75, T 104, #nr .ul <: m.-nt inferior do 12,, -: nr aulc :::: nt infri, .ur de 2 , bat laughed "-.



  18 s <1 holds by: t;, r3 c, 121, nr:; ulc: r nt imr'rirur d '12, r8i: JtDnc': ;; 3, b: "tt '11'1,) -.



  Lo circuit of rn:.; Nti: n of 1 ',: 101: 3 of rec. pti:., n do commando 27 ut 2 "7 1 is found c UP4 rn 3 121 thus 1u :: 1 'circuits do 14, 11', 7, J, it 3 ', 16',. r,;. ; t0mb, j? lJ circuit µtant cup6 éj ;;. i ,, in. <nt.



  The t: Jrrc d nnée, pr T 72 ', st m11TIt., Nu,, pnr T 13 ..' 1, Lc, s roj, inis rc''ptc.ur.'3 d; r impulsi w.3 do aéLcti "n S" nt d, not maintained, c: which mnintiont 1 <> relay 2 of the s1 vct. ur and 1- r, lais 1 (fiGur <. 9). rcc impulse of c wtr "1: '-'st inv .yéàg 4 the stati 11 of command. r,; p cl'nnéu drns sel'. and ur on 1 .; thread 89, T 11, R ' , 51, fi 161 ',' jj 31, H 71 ', i 12.', R 161, thread 1 from ons0mbl ,;

   of ondot-urs 79, (figure 10), 'relay 9, r': lais 1, battery -

 <Desc / Clms Page number 23>

 
A pulse of low current at frequency fl this therefore sent to the substation 1 (figure 10), puts a ground on the wire 74 which is always connected to one of the wires 96 to 99, through contact 21 of the selector whose relay 2 is always working. '
These four wires are still connected to each other although 8 has dropped out thanks to the contacts R 81, R 82, T 102 '.



   By T 124, the earth put by relay 1 (FIG. 10) on wire 74 short-circuits relay 12, which drops out, thus limiting the time for sending the pulse. 12 falling, all the relays which were still working come back to rest, since the earth of T 122 is removed.



   At the command station, this pulse causes relay 2 (figure 2) to be energized, which puts an earth on wire 34.



   8 'and 2 (figure 1) are energized by: earth on wire 34, T 83, upper winding of 8', winding of 2, battery - 9 'energized by T 23. 8' 'cuts the holding circuit from 28 to H 81 ', 28 is maintained during the dropout time of 9' by: earth, T 94 ', T 281, upper winding of 28, battery -.



   28 falling removes the holding earth given by T 282
All relays return to idle. The relay 22 on returning to standby causes the extinction of the general lamp 11 indicating that the release is effective,
2 .- Uncontrolled tripping of a circuit breaker -
Suppose a circuit breaker trips at the substation.



   Relay 1, (figure 12) is energized and contact P2 when coming to rest puts an earth on wire 106 by T 11.



   This earth, through a resistor R 9 (figure 11) engages l 'which closes the circuit of 1, the excitation circuit of 1 is then the following: (figure 11), battery-, winding of 1, T 11 ', thread 91, (figure 9), R 126, R 72, terr'e.



   1, (figure 11), getting excited, - place an earth on wire 93 which will be used to maintain the relays of the equipment (figure 9) and close the excitation circuit of 2. in T 13, earth, T '13, the two windings of 2 in series', wire 92, (figure 9), resistor R 26, battery 2 short-circuits its lower winding of high resistance, thus lowering the potential of wire 92, which avoids any double con - nexion.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 24>

 



   By its various contacts, 2 connects the control wires in figure 9.



   13 '(figure 9) is energized by: 13' winding battery, R 11, wire 89, (figure 12) T 24 @ rest contact of rotary switch X.



   X gets excited by: (figure 12), battery, winding of X; T 23, wire 90, (figure 9) T 131 ', earth; X cutting the circuit do 13, the latter falls again and also cuts the circuit of X which advances by one step.



   When X arrives in the azimuth of the circuit breaker concerned, the 'relay 1 (figure 12), is activated by: (figure 12), earth, P2, T 11, wire 106, (figure 11), bank Xa in the circuit breaker azimuth, T 11, T 25, wire 88, (figure 9), winding of 1, battery -.



   1 cuts the rotation circuit at R 11.



   As soon as 1 is engaged, the sending of the pulses making the selection begins, the unit pulse is transmitted first, earth given on wire 89 by the selector T 11, R 251, R 161, R 31, R 71 ', R 121', R 101 ', R 83, wire 86 @ (figure 11), T 27, bench Xc, one of the wires of the set of conductors 79 corresponding to the unit number, (figure la), one of the eight pulse sending relays, relay 1, battery -.



   The earth put by 1, (figure 10), on wire 74 is routed to one of the four wires 96, 97, 98,99, (figure 9), via contact 21 of relay 2 of the selector (figure 11) according to the group to which the selector belongs.



   Suppose the organ belongs to the third group characterized by a long unit pulse and a short selector number pulse.



  * The blade 21 (figure 11) is then connected to the wire 97.



  21 is excited (figure 9) by: earth on wire 97, R 81 ,, R 102 ', R 123', winding of 21, resistor R 40, battery -.



   21 causes 23 to be excited by T 21.23 is held by
T 234.



   23 causes 25 to be excited by T 233.



   The continuity of the pulse sending circuit is ensured by T 232.



   25 short-circuited 21 by T 254.



   When 21 has fallen 23 is short-circuited by:
T 253, R 211.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 25>

 



   23 drops out, the pulse sending circuit is open at 232 and 251.



   The send relays and relay 1 (Figure 10) drop, ground on wire 74 is removed and 25 drops.



   8 'excited by: battery -, 8' coil, R 86, T 255, earth.



   When 25 fell back, 8 got excited in series with
8 'by: earth, R 121, T 81', windings of-8 and 8 'in series, battery -.



   As soon as 25 drops, the second pulse is sent.



   The excitation circuit of the relays in figure 10 is the same as that seen above. In the example taken, the second pulse is short, wire 27 is routed to relay 3 by: T 81, T 124, winding of 3, battery, -.,
16 'is energized at the end of the second pulse by :, earth, T 84, T 33, R 23, 16' winding, battery -
16 'stands by: earth, R 121, R 25, T 164', 9 'winding, battery -.



   10 gets excited by T 83 'and stands by T 103'; it switches the control wires.



   At the command station, a ground has been placed on one of the four wires 31, 32, 33, 34, (figure 2) or, on two of these wires.



   The pulse was recorded on relays 29, 29 ',
30, (figure 1).



   Relay 5 was energized by: earth, T 22, R 86, R 54, winding of 5, resistance R 33, battery -. ..,
The operation do 5 and 13 is identical to that seen during the reception of the control pulses.



   In the example taken ,. the first pulse being long, relay 30 was energized by: earth, T 134, R 52,
R 144, winding of 30, battery -.



   The second pulse being short, 32 and 34 will remain at rest. The land given by 33, 33 ', 35, 35', will thus be directed to the third group. '
Relay 10 (figure 1) got excited by:

 <Desc / Clms Page number 26>

 battorio -, lower winding do 10, R 281 ', R 281, T 94', earth.



   10 is held by: battery, top winding 10, T 104 ', R 271, R 271', R 167, earth.



   By T 103, 10 places a ---, wanders which maintains the pulse receiving relays.



   10-prepare the cut of the pulse sending circuit in R 104, switch the control wire on 101.



   By T 105 ', it activates a clocked switch.



   The general socket lamp then lights up with flickering lights by: earth, clocked switch, T 102, R 161 ', R 221, wire 10, (figure 4), lampo 11, battery -.



   It is thus indicated that the circuit of the substation is occupied.



   At the end of the first pulse, 14 energized in series with 11 ', switching the control wires to the second set of relays.



   At the end of the second pulse, the selector is chosen, its relay 2 (figure 3) is energized by: terro put on one of the wires 23, (figure 3), R 11, the soft windings of do 2 in series, wire 21, (figure 1), resistor R 32, battery -.



   2 makes the connection to FIG. 1 and short-circuits its second winding thus preventing any double connection.



   The selector rotates through the same circuits as those seen above.



   When it arrives in the azimuth of the unit, 1 (figure 1) engages by; bsbterie'-, winding of 1, R 165 ', wire 17, (figure 3), T 26, R 13, bench Xb, a back wires of the set of conductors 24, (figure 1), earth given by the relays 29, 29 ', 31, 311.



   When 1 is energized, a pulse is sent to the substation, requesting supervision of the component; a choice was made in the example described of a high frequency current f 2.



   The commando circuit is as follows:

 <Desc / Clms Page number 27>

 earth given by the selector on wire 18, T 11,
R 251, R 123 ', R 31, R 91', R 91, R 223, T 101, wire 2 of the set of conductors 29, (figure 2), relay 7 ', relay 1, battery -.



   1 puts uno land on Le ±, il 36; gone is referred to one of the four threads 25, 26, 27, 28, as we have already seen.



   But the control equipment having already received two pulses, these four wires are: joined together and at the relay
3 so as to send only short pulses.



   25 this connected to 26 by R 123, 27 to 28 by R 121 and
25 to 28 by T 143 '.



   The supervision request pulse is therefore short.



   At the substation (figure A0), relays 2 and 5 are energized, putting earth on wire 76.



   16 (figure 9) gets excited by; earth on wire 76, T 103, bottom winding 16, bottom winding 2, battery -.



    16 causes 12 to be excited by: earth on wire 76, T 103, T 163, lower winding of
12, etc ....



   12 stands by T 121,16 by T 122, T 164.



   2 being excited, 16 'is falling back 11 engages by: earth, R 21, T 162, lower winding of, 11, battery -.



   15 'is excited by: (figure 12), earth, P 2 at rest, wire 103, (figure 11), bench
Xf, T 23 ', wire 83, (figure 9), T 112, R 151, winding of
15 ', battery -.



   15 'is held by T 152'.



   Relay 1, (figure 12); whose soft windings are differential, falls back, its lower winding being excited by: (figure 9), earth, T 125, T 165, T 154 '\, wire 81, (figure 11), T 25', bench Xh, wire 101, (figure 12), T 12, winding infer from 1, battery -.



   1 falling, the earth on the thread 106 is. deleted.



   Relays 1; 1 'and 2 (Figure 11) therefore return to rest. 1 (figuro, 9) falls back.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 28>

 



   An impulse indicating the position of the component is sent: earth, R 12, T 1261, R 251, R 161 ', R 31, R 71',
T 121 ', T 161, T 153', wire 3 of the set of conductors 79, (figure 10), rolais 10, relay 1, battery -.



   A low current pulse of frequency f2 is sent to the circuit.



   The earth placed on wire 74 by 1 (figure 10) is routed directly to all of the wires 96, 97, 98.99, (figure 9), these four 'wires are joined together by: T 127',
T 123 ', T 122', T 125'-
By T 124, this earth short-circuited the relay 12 which drops back opening the circuit for sending the pulse-in 121 ', 12 falling all the other relays taken also drop.



   At the command station, relay 4 (figure 2) energizes and places an earth on wire 32.



   '27 (figure 1) is excited by:, earth on wire 32, T 82, upper winding of 27, winding of 2, battery-, 2 comes to work followed by 9'.



   27 stands by: battery-, will wind lower of 27, T 274, R 273 ', T 93', ground during the dropout time of 9 '.



   The maintaining circuit of Io is cut in R 271, but 10 stays during the dropout time of 9 ', by: earth, T 94', T 102 ', lower winding of 10, battery-, and thus preserves the holding earth of T 103 during this time.



   (figure 4), the two relays 1 and 2 were working since the circuit breaker was originally on; 2 re-falls, its upper winding being energized by: (figure 1), teire, T 722, wire 12, (figure 3), T 24 ', bench Xe, wire 45, (figure 4), T 22, upper winding of
2, battery -.,
The flow of this winding being in the opposite direction to that given r r the other two, relay 2 drops.



   The pilot relay is actuated by: earth, R 45, T 12 ', R 22', wire 50.



   Lamp 1 is flickering. earth, timed switch, R 41, T 13, R 21 ', lamp 1, battery -.



   When the relay 9 '(figure 1) drops, 10 drops as well as all the relays taken.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 29>

 



  To remove the flicker, simply bring back
 EMI29.1
 the Co key in the "triggered" position.



   The operations would have been the same if the circuit breaker, originally at rest, had been triggered by an operation at the substation.
 EMI29.2
 30.- Command of an oontaotor. "i '
The command and control equipment of a contactor is shown in figure 5.



   It is similar to circuit breaker equipment, but does not have a socket key.,
The order is placed automatically as soon as the intake is made; the circuit for sending the command is in fact closed at T 43 ', relay 4 being energized as soon as key Co. is operated.



   The organ is taken by placing an earth on wire 47 by T 41.



   The signals are exactly the same as in the case of a circuit breaker.
 EMI29.3
 



  The mailings from the different impula: Lons131etect in the same way.



   However, no flickering of the lamp 1 has been foreseen, since a contactor is a component which does not
 EMI29.4
 not work by itself, it is always remotely controlled.



   The control equipment is shown in figure 13.



   The engagement is controlled in the same way as for the selector by earthing on wire 105 by the selection equipment through the selector.



   1 is then energized causing an auxiliary relay A to come to work, which puts the contactor coil under voltage. ,
No mechanical contactor has been provided in the example chosen, the contactor is engaged as long as its coil is energized.



   By T 12,1 stand and in T 11, place a land on
 EMI29.5
 the wire 102 causing 15 to be excited (figure 9 which causes the sending of the signaling to the station, as well as we 1 ..,> s seen for ie û., unctor. d, u This signaling pulse causes the setting of an earth on wire 44 (figure 5), in the case of an
 EMI29.6
 3 is energized as well as 3, 4, then 3 falling (see circuit breaker), the earth of wire 47 being removed, release takes place.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 30>

 



   By a trip command, the equipment (figure 9) places an earth on wire 104 through the selector. The two windings of 1 being differential, 1 drops out, followed by A and the contactor.



   Through R 11, an earth placed on wire 103 excites relay 15 '(FIG. 9) which sends the signal to the control station.



   4 .- General supervision -
A device makes it possible to control the position of all the remote control units of a substation; it is represented in the figure
When the operator wants to have general supervision, he lowers the key Sg.



   Relay 2 is energized by: earth, key Sg, winding of 2, battery -.



   X is the electro of a rotary switch comprising, for example, twelve crowns of 51 pads and two full selectors.



   These are the brushes a, b, ..... g, which are then engaged, the brushes h, ..... n, are offset by 180 on the former.



   All the pads of sectors b, c, d, are connected to son 49, going to back contacts 32, (Figure 5 or 4).



   Likewise all the pads of the sectors i, j, k, are connected to wires 49, going to similar contacts.



   The same wiring is done for the other rings of studs, but the wires 48 go to the upper windings of the relays 3 (FIG. 4 or 5).



   An earth is put on the first wire 48 by: earth, T 23, R 11, R 41, broom g, wire 48, (figure 5) for example), upper winding of 3, battery -.



   3 gets excited and stands by: earth, T 33, R 41 '; by ground T 32, wire 49, (figure 7), bench Xd, T 24, R 42, relay 3, battery -.



   By T 34, (figure 5), an earth is placed on the wire 47, 3 (figure 7) cuts the earth of the wire 48 by making 1. By T 32, it excites the electro X.



   Relay 1, (figure 3), is then energized, the rotation of the selector, the sending of the two selection pulses and the reception of the two control pulses taking place.
 EMI30.1
 as seen previously.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 31>

 



    The glow 26 ', (figure 1) got excited by: (figure 5), earth, R 41, T 35, wire 10, (figure 1), R 221, R 161', R 102, lower winding of 28 ',   drums - .



   28 'stands by: earth, R 167, R 271', R 271, 'T 284', upper winding 28 ', battery -.



   It prevents the excitation of 28, cutting its circuit at R 281 '.



   Lamp 11 is on.



   As soon as the control pulses have been received, a pulse requesting supervision is sent to the substation, earth given in the selector on wire 18, T 11, R 251, R 104, R 31, R 91 ', R 91, T 223, T 283'. wire 2 of the set of conductors 29 ,. (figure 2), relay 7 ', relay 1, battery -.



   We have already seen that a strong current at frequency f 1 had been chosen for the supervision request pulse.



   The earth put on the wire 36 by 1,. (Figure 2), is directed by the selector on one of the four wires 25 to 28, but these four wires are joined together by:
T 121, T 123, T 143 ', and they are connected to relay 3 (figure 1) by R 161, so that the pulse is short.



   At the substation, the selector is rotated and the test takes place as seen previously.



   Relays 2, and 5 (figure 10) are energized putting an earth on wire 76.



   Relay 16 (figure 9) is energized by: earth on wire 76, T 103, lower winding of 16, lower winding of 2, battery -
By T 163, 16 causes 12 to be excited, which is held by T 121,16 by T 122, T 164, 2 having excited, 16 'has fallen. The holding circuit of 7 being cut at R 121.7 falls back, cutting the holding earth at 73, but it is doubled at T 123.



   11 is excited by: earth, R 21, T 162, winding of 11, battery -.



   Depending on the position of the organ, 15 or 15 'is then excited by the circuits already seen.



   A pulse indicating the position is sent.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 32>

 



   Relay 2 of the selector not having dropped out, since the receiving relays are held on the earth given by T 123, 1 (figure 9), is energized and the earth commanding the sending of the pulse is given by the selector. on thread 89.



   Earth, T 11, R 251, R 161 ', R 31, R 71', T 121 ', T 161, T 153 or T 153', wire 4 or 3 of the set of conductors 79, (figure 10), transmission relay, relay 1, battery -.



   The earth put by 1 (figure 10) on the wire 74 comes short-cirouiter 12 by: T 127 ', the onsomble of the four wires joined together, T 124, output of 12.



   12 falling, sending the pulse is cut in T 121 '; 16 drops out followed by all the relays engaged, the holding earth being removed at T 123.



   At the command station, this pulse causes 27 or 2? (Figure 1), via wires 31 or 32.



   That of the caught râlais stands on the land given by T 93 '. In R 271 or R 271 ', the maintenance of 26' is doubled, but 28 'is held by: earth, T 94', R 281, T 281 ', etc ...



   An earth on one of the wires 11 or 12 is put by T 272 or T 272 '; through the selector it either excites or relays relay 2 (figure 5), thus making it known whether the position of the component is in agreement with the position of the control key.



   The lower winding of 3 (figure 5) was excited by: earth on one of the wires 44 or 45, resistor R 5 or R 6, T 36, lower winding of 3, battery -.



   As the flows are differential, 3 falls back.



   The earth on wire 49 is removed; relay 3 (FIG. 7) then drops; X takes a step forward. 1 falls back with a delay putting earth again on the next wire 48.



   When 9 '(figure 1) has exhausted its delay, 27 or 27' drops out, as well as 28 'which is followed by all relays engaged. General light 11 goes out. if the lamp 1 is lit, this indicates that the component does not have the position of the key Co. To suppress the ignition of 1, it suffices to bring Co back to the opposite position.



   Relay 4 '(figure 7) is energized by: earth, sector a, brush a, R 43, winding of 4', battery -, and prepares the excitation of 4.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 33>

 



   On the next U-turn, it is the brushes h, n which are taken, 4 cannot be excited, the brush h finding an earth placed on its sector and the resting pad.



   At the end of the second half-turn, the brush "a" arrives in the rest position, 4 is energized in series with 4 'by: earth, T 22, T 41', windings of 4 and 4 'in series, drums - .



   In T 41 and T 42, the control wires are connected to the brushes c, j, and f, m.



   The exploration continues in the same way; by T 43, where 5 'is excited and at the end of the second turn, 5 is excited in series with 5', the commando wires are then connected to brushes b, i, and e, 1.



   The exploration continues until the last organ equipment.



   At this moment, X stops.



     X returns to rest when the key Sg is raised, at this time, 2,4, 4 ', 5, 5', come back to rest, mains earth a or @ h, contact of X, R 21, winding of X, battery -.



   5 .- Passage on seoours circuit -
An emergency circuit going around all the substations is planned.



   When the operator of the control station is warned that a circuit is out of order, he lowers the key Ci (figure 6) of a device provided by substation and used to switch the circuit.



   If there is only one faulty circuit, it lowers this key to the C.I. position.



     7 (figure 6) is excited by: earth, contact of Ci, the two windings of 7 in series, resistor R 31, battery-. 7 short-circuits its lower winding by T 73. This winding being of high resistance, the potential of the multiplied point of resistor R 31 is considerably lowered, thus preventing any double operation.



   Button B is used to split the emergency circuit into two half-loops, thus serving to reach two substations whose circuits are faulty.



   The operation in this case will be explained later.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 34>

 



   The wires 51 and 52 go to blades 84 'and 84 of the following equipment, corresponding to another substation, with this equipment is also associated a button B, and so on until the equipment corresponding to the last sub-station. -station.



   The relays 1 of the contactor control equipment used to isolate the emergency circuit in each substation whose main circuit is healthy are energized by: earth, T @l ', R 51, wire 51 to a blade 84 ', R 71', R 83 ', then relay 1, battery.



   The contactor control equipment is identical to that already seen for a normal contactor.



   The Co control key is simply replaced by relay 1 and the supervision request is made manually using the Ds key, so we will not explain the operation of this equipment.
All the contactors C (figure 10) of the substations whose main circuit is good, therefore energize and isolate the emergency circuit of the corresponding substation.



   The emergency circuit remains connected only to the substation whose main circuit has failed.



   Relay 3 of the equipment on the left of figure 6 was short-circuited by: earth given in each control equipment of C, R 24, a rest contact 85, a rest contact 71, wire 52, R 53, T 71, exit 3.



   When all the relays 2 of the C control devices have operated, i.e. when all the C contactors have been put to work, 3 is no longer short-circuited.



   The earth given by relay 2 of the C control equipment corresponding to the faulty substation is isolated from relay 3 by R 71.



   3 is excited by: earth, T 72, winding of 3, resistor R 29, battery -.



   Through T 31, R 81, T 33, R 81 ', the wires 37 and 38 which come from the receiving and sending equipment (figure 2) which normally went to the transformer To are routed to the transformer Tl whose secondary is connected to the emergency circuit.



   A short pulse is sent: earth, T 34, R 12, wire 2 for example of the set of conductors 29, the relay 7 '(figure 2) is therefore energized and causes

 <Desc / Clms Page number 35>

 sending strong current at frequency fl to the back-up circuit. 1 (figure 2) puts an earth on wire 36 which excites 1 (figure 6) by: earth on wire 36, (figure 6), T 32, R 13, onroule - ment of 1, battery -.



   1 only engages with a certain delay, it cuts off the impulse control at R 12 and keeps to work by: T 34 and T 11.



   At the substation whose main circuit is faulty, this pulse causes relay 7, (figure 10) to be energized by: input of transformer 5, R 145, rectifier, relay 7, rectifier R 144, output of T 5.



   14 'engages' by: earth, T 71, lower winding of ', 14', battery -.



   At the end of the pulse 7 falls, 14 is excited in series with 14 'by T 142'.



   At 141, 142, 14 the commando wires are directed to the transformer T 5 supplied by the back-up circuit.



   In R 144, R 145, relay 7 is isolated.



   Through T 141 ', R 131, an earth is placed on wire 106.



   This earth, as we have already seen in the case of uncontrolled tripping of a circuit breaker, will cause the seizure of the commando equipment of the substation, the seizure of the control equipment of the substation. station, the selection of the left-handed equipment in Figure 6, by sending two pulses determined by the position of this element on the selectors.



   The substation, as already seen, receives an impulse requesting supervision.



   Supervision is sent by means of the earth placed by T 141 'on wire 102 (figure 10).



   The pulse sent corresponds to the closing signal.



   At the end of sending, an earth is placed on the wire 100 through the selector by the equipment of the substation.



   13 (figure 10) is then energized, ae held by T 132 and in R 131 cuts the earth of the wire 106 thus bringing the selection to the substation.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 36>

 



   At the station, the supervision pulse causes earthing through the selector on wire 44.



   2 (figure 6) gets excited and is held by T 22.



   The switching control lamp which was lit at T 72 ', R 21 then goes out.



   The substation will then be reread by the emergency circuit.



   'If you want to go back to the normal circuit, all you have to do is raise the key Ci (figure 6), 7 falling, an earth is put on wire 47 by: earth, R 72, R 86, T 25, wire 47 .



   This earth provokes, as we already have. vu, the socket of the station control equipment, that of the substation, the selection of the emergency circuit switching equipment (figure 10) by sending the soft selection pulses.



   A trigger pulse is then sent to the substation, the sending circuit passing through: (figure 6), wire 46, R 73 ', R 83, T 26, wire 3 of the set of conductors 29.



   On substation, this pulse triggers relay 14 'by: earth put by the substation equipment through the selector on wire 104, T 143, T 134, upper winding 14', winding greater than 14, battery -.



   14 'of which the flow of the two windings are in opposition falls. 14 holds.



   'A control pulse is sent to the station, while a terra placed on wire 101 triggers 13; 14 then falls, cut at 134 and the substation is connected to the normal circuit.



   The control pulse causing the station to put a terro on wire 45 through the selector, relay 2 (figure 6) drops, cutting the ground of wire 47 ,, thus causing the release to be sent.



   The circuit switching control lamp 111 goes out. It was lit by, R 72 ', T 21, relay 7 (figure 6) cuts T 23 drops, the station is then connected to. normal circuit.



   The release pulse is then sent to the normal circuit.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 37>

 



   At the substation, it causes release, as we saw when we studied the operation in the case of the circuit breaker.



   The control pulse, sent to the station, releases the relays in engagement there.



   The relays 1 (figure 6) of the control equipment of the contactors C (figure 10) having fallen due to the removal of the earth from T 71 ', a tripping commando is then passed to each sub-station ihterresée.



   Let us now examine the case where two commando circuits have failed.



   The operator first presses button B (figure 6) which controls a relay 5 opening the wires' 51 and 52 between the equipment of the substations concerned; then he also cuts off the emergency circuit between the two substations.



   He then operates the key Ci of the substation located on the left track thus created of the emergency circuit in position CI, then the key Ci of the substation located on the right track in position C 2.



   Relay 5 (figure 6) by being excited, causes the engagement of relay S which opens the loop of the emergency circuit in Si and S2.



   The left channel of the emergency circuit is then connected to transformer T1, the right one to transformer T2.



   The operation for each substation is then identical to that seen previously. the warp threads 51 and 52 are cut in a certain place, thus forming two distinct chains.



   Relay 8 doubles relay 7 and. by T 81, T 81 ',. needle the wires to transformer T2, supplying the right hand channel of the emergency circuit.



   6 .- Indication of blown fuses, general release.



   For the indication of fuses, two cases must be distinguished: a) - fuses of individual components, such as selectors and component equipment. b) - fuses of general units. a) - fuses of individual components *

 <Desc / Clms Page number 38>

 
 EMI38.1
 The .c; ro.nt equipment for sending the signaling is shown in figure 14.



   Relay 1 is activated in the event of a blown fuse.



   By T 12, he lights an alarm lamp.



   Relay 3 is energized as soon as the general equipment of the substation is free by: '(figure 9), earth, R 72, R 126, wire 91, (figure 14), T 11, R 41, winding of 3, battery, -.



   2 comes to work by: earth, T, 31, the two windings of 2 in series, wire 92, (figure 9), resistor R 36, battery -
2 short-circuits its lower winding thus preventing any double connection.



   Relay 1 (figure 9) is energized (figure 14), earth, T 24, wire 88, (figure 9) winding of 1, battery -.



     , The sending of the pulses used to select the receiving equipment to the station is then carried out, the unit is always sent first, the circuits are the same as those already seen in the case of an uncommanded trip of a circuit breaker. .



   The numbers of the sending relays in FIG. 10 are determined by the position of the receiving equipment at the station on a determined selector.



   The earth used for their excitation is given by T 23, (figure 14), on wire 89.



   The station then sends a pulse requesting supervision.



   The earth used to send the signaling pulse is given by: (figure 14), earth, R 43 T 23 ', wire 83, it causes the excitation of relay 15', (figure 9), by: earth on wire 83, T 112, R 151, 15 'winding.



   'The impulse sent is therefore the one corresponding
 EMI38.2
 to a sftôlnhemet
When this pulse is sent 4 is excited by: (figure 9), earth, T 125, T 165, T 154 ', wire 81, (figure 14),
 EMI38.3
 7.2 <9 ', ddi'.ii: la <1: b! 1ttJrie -.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 39>

 



   4 keeps excited by: T 44.



   In R 41, it cuts the circuit of 3 which falls; R 43, it cuts the earth of the supervision wires.



   'Relay 2 then drops, cutting off all wires from the general equipment.



   Figure The equipment at the station is shown in Figure 8.



   Relay F is energized as soon as the supervision pulse arrives by: battery, -, middle winding, wire 45, (figure 3), @anc Xc in the corresponding azimuth 4 the receiving equipment, T 24 ', wire 12, (figure 1), T 272, earth.



   It is held by: F.1.



   By F3; he lights a signal lamp and by
F4 operates the pilot relay.



   When the fuse is replaced, relay 1 (figure
14), falls.



   3 is then excited by: battery -, winding of 3, T 41, R 11, wire 91, etc .....



   It is followed by 2. The sequence of operations is. then identical to what has already been seen.



   The signal sent corresponds to a trip. Relay F (figure 8) then drops out, suppressing the alarm. b) - If a fuse for general equipment (figure
9 or 10) blows, relay 6 (figure 10) is energized via the warning bar of the blown fuse.



   In R 61, R 62, the circuit is cut from the equipment and by T 61, T 62, current at the frequency fl is continuously sent to the circuit.



   Relay 2 (figure 1) is energized, in series with any receiving relay, by T 25, a thermal relay
T 42 is switched on.



   As the current is constantly sent Th2 has time to be excited, by its working contact it lights the 'IV alarm lamp (figure 1).



   It is then impossible to send a command until the blown fuse has been replaced.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 40>

 



   As this incident may have happened during the transmission of a command, it was necessary to make a general release in order to be able to start sending the commando again.



   It is then sufficient to lower the key L, (figure 1), until the socket lamp comes on.



   Relay 16 is energized by: earth, key L, winding of 16, battery -, 16 'is held by: earth, R 71', T 163.



   At R 163 ', 16 cuts the excitation circuit of relay 1 of the selector which drops out, followed by relay 2, (figure 3).



   At 165 ', it cuts the circuit of stop relay 1, (figure 1).



   At 167, it cuts the holding circuit of relays 28, 2se, and 10.



   The various relays which were energized by the general maintenance earth then drop out.



   On the ground, T 161 ', H 221, the general socket light (lamp II, figure 4 or 5) lights up, by T 162', 164 ', 166', the four wires 25,26, 27, 28 are joined together and by T 161, R 73, are connected to thermal relay Thl.



   In R 164, their connection with the relays 21, 23, 25, is cut.



   A low current pulse of frequency fl is then sent to the circuit, relay 7 (figure 2) being energized by: (figure 1), earth, R 71, T 166, figure 1 of the set of conductors 29, (figure 2), relay 7, relay 1, battery -.



   By T 14, a ground is put on the wire 36. The wire 36 is then directly connected to all the four wires 25, 26, 27, 28, by R 14.



   The duration of the pulse, which can be for example two seconds, is set using Thl.



   When Thl has come to work, it causes 7 to excite which is held excited by T 72 on the torro given by T 162.



   At the substation, 10 relays 2 (figure 9) are therefore energized for two socondos. The thermal relay Th, energized by T 24, comes to work and, through its work contact, energizes relay 12.



   This last coupo on R 122 the excitation circuit do 7, on R 126, the excitation circuit of relays 1 back

 <Desc / Clms Page number 41>

 selectors, in R 121 the circuit for maintaining the rollers 27, 27 ', 14, 11', 7,8, 8 ', 16'.



   A control pulse is sent to the station.



   Relay 1 (figure 9) has returned to standby (the selector relays, if they had been energized, having returned to standby): earth, R 12, T 126 ', R 251, R 161', R 31, R 71 ', T 121', R 161, wire 1 of the set of conductors 79, (figure- 10), relay 9, relay 1, battery -.



   An earth is placed on wire 74. This last is connected to wires 96, 97, 98, 99, by: T 127 ', T 123', T 122 ', T 125', by T 124, this earth 'comes short-circuit 12, thus limiting the duration of the pulse. '
When it was transmitted, all the organs returned to rest.



   At the command station, relay 2 (figure 2) energizes, placing an earth on wire 34.



   The relay 7 '(figure 1) is then energized by: earth on wire 34, T 165, upper winding of 7'.



   7 'occupies the holding circuit of 16 at R 71', 16 falls back with a delay, the crisis lamp goes out indicating that the release has been total.



  CLAIMS
1) Remote control and remote signaling system usable in particular for the remote control of moving parts and the control of their position, characterized by a circuit assembly allowing a rapid choice of the part to be remotely controlled, the selection being made by sending two pulses, the combination of the duration of which makes it possible to disoriminate a group of selectors, one of these pulses used to select the selector of the group, the other the position corresponding to the component on this selector, the command of the component and the signaling of the command each being made by sending a single impulse.


    

Claims (1)

2) System according to claim 1, characterized in that two electric currents at low frequencies different from each other are used in the circuits, each of these currents being able to have two different intensities *, <Desc / Clms Page number 42> 3) System according to claim 2, charac- terized in that the two low frequency currents are used alone or in combination. 4) System according to claim 1, charac- terized in that one employs two different durations of sending the current online. 5) System according to claim 1, characterized in that one uses in the circuits four electric currents at low frequencies different from each other. 6) Systems according to claim 1, charac- terized in that the circuits are established so as to allow successively to select the organ to be controlled, to occupy it, to send the command immediately or at the moment. timely and receive the signal indicating the new position of the organ. 7) System according to claim 1, charac- terized in that the circuits are established so as to make it possible to signal to a central station the non-remote-controlled operation of a component, for example the tripping of a circuit breaker * 8) System according to Claim 1, characterized in that the circuits are established in such a way that, in the event of damage to one or two control circuits between the central station and one or two substations, it is possible to reach one or both isolated substations and to allow the correct operation of these substations. 9) System according to claim 1, charac- terized, in that the circuits are established so as to make it possible to signal to the central station the operation of a device for the protection of equipment used for remote control and remote signaling, 10) System according to claim 1, charac- terized in that the circuits are established so as to allow, by the operation of a key to know at a given time, the positions of all the remote control members of a substation. BRIEF SUMMARY Remote control and remote signaling system usable in particular for the remote control of moving parts and the control of their position, in which the selection of the part to be remotely controlled is made by sending two pulses whose combination of durations makes it possible to discriminate a group of selectors, one of these pulses being used to select the group selector, the other the position corresponding to the device on this selector, the control of the device and the signaling of the control being made each by sending a single pulse.