BE346814A - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- BE346814A BE346814A BE346814DA BE346814A BE 346814 A BE346814 A BE 346814A BE 346814D A BE346814D A BE 346814DA BE 346814 A BE346814 A BE 346814A
- Authority
- BE
- Belgium
- Prior art keywords
- zinc
- solution
- sulphide
- materials
- zincate
- Prior art date
Links
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- WGPCGCOKHWGKJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenezinc Chemical compound [Zn]=S WGPCGCOKHWGKJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- YCEJLNKYYGDNTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+);oxozinc;sulfanylidenezinc;sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Zn]=O.[Zn]=S.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O YCEJLNKYYGDNTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L na2so4 Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium sulfide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HVTHJRMZXBWFNE-UHFFFAOYSA-J Sodium zincate Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Na+].[Zn+2] HVTHJRMZXBWFNE-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- CJDPJFRMHVXWPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Barium sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Ba+2] CJDPJFRMHVXWPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005712 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001187 sodium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000010428 baryte Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052601 baryte Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001172 regenerating Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010814 metallic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940100888 zinc compounds Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910004809 Na2 SO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/20—Obtaining zinc otherwise than by distilling
- C22B19/24—Obtaining zinc otherwise than by distilling with leaching with alkaline solutions, e.g. ammonia
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
Description
<Desc/Clms Page number 1>
"Obtention du zinc et des dérivés industriels du zinc à partir de ses minerais oxydés ou de déchets métalliques.
Cette invention a pour objet un procédé pour l'obtention du zinc ou de composés du zinc marchands à partir de ses minerais oxydés ou du métal impur, par exemple : gris ou poussières de zinc; zinc des alliages divisés comme la limaille de laiton; zinc des tôles gal- vanisées, soit hors d'usage, soit en rognures de tô- les neuves.
Pour exposer le procédé, on prendra comme exem- ple le traitement des vieilles tôles galvanisées. Quel- ques essais de récupération de leur zinc ont été déjà
<Desc/Clms Page number 2>
tentés en vue d'aboutir à la préparation des sels, sulfa- te ou chlorure; l'attaque du métal par les acides conduit à des solutions contenant toutes les impuretés du zinc et des quantités considérables de fer, dont l'élimination est pénible et coûteuse.
Suivant le présent procédé l'attaque des tôles est effectuée par les alcalis, en pratique par une so- lution de soude concentrée et chaude. Alors que l'atta- que du zinc pur est très lente, il se trouve que le zinc déposé sur un métal moins électro-négatif, ou allié avec lui, est bien plus rapidement attaqué. La dissolution complète du zinc des tôles galvanisées peut être obtenue en quelques heures, à une température convenable crois- sant avec l'épuisement de la solution alcaline.
On arrive, malgré le phénomène d'hydrolyse de la solution de zinca- te, à utiliser au moins 80 % de la soude à la dissolu-
2 tion du zinc dans le rapport théorique de Zn à Na.. On obtient finalement des solutions contenant de 100 à 200 gr. de zinc par litre et complètement exemptes de fer ainsi que de toutes les impuretés constituées par les métaux (cadmium, cuivre, nickel, etc..) dont les hydroxydes sont insolubles dans les alcalis.
Les solutions dtoxyde de zinc dans la soude sont alors débarrassées par centrifugation des boues pro- venant de l'attaque, au liquide s'incorpore à ce moment de l'air émulsionné qui favorise l'oxydation des derniè- res impuretés qui précipitent. On filtre, par exemple sur couche d'amiante et on obtient des solutions pures de zincate de soude .
<Desc/Clms Page number 3>
Les solutions précédentes peuvent alors servir, soit à l'obtention du zinc métallique par électrolyse, soit à l'obtention de l'oxyde, du sulfure de zinc ou à la préparation directe du lithopone, tous ces produits étant très purs.
Pour obtenir de l'oxyde de zinc, les solutions de zincate,diluées de façon à éviter la cristallisation éventuelle de carbonate de soude, sont saturées par l'aoi- de oarboniqae. L'oxyde de zinc précipite; on lave, on essore et on sèche ou calcine . La solution filtrée après caustification et concentration régénère la lessive de soude initiale prête pour une nouvelle attaque .
Pour obtenir le sulfure de zinc, on traite la solution de zincate par l'hydrogène sulfuré ou le sulfure de sodium qui précipitent le sulfure de zinc, qu'on purifie et qu'on recueille. Dans le cas où l'on emploie le sulfure de sodium on réalise une véritable préparation de soude à partir du sulfure de sidium, c'est-à-dire in- directement à partir du sulfate, d'après la réaction:
Zn 0 + Na2 S + H 2 O= 2 Na 0 H + Zn S
Pour obtenir du lithopone, c'est-à-dire le mélan- ge équimoléculaire de sulfure devine et de sulfate de bary- te precipités, habituellement préparé à partir du sulfate de zinc, on opère de la manière suivante:
La solution de zincate est additionnée de sulfate de soudeenquantité calculée d'après le poids de zinc dissous, puis d'une solution, en quantité également calculée, de sulfure de baryum; on obtient par précipitation le corps cherché suivant la réaction : H 0 + Zn 0 +Na2 SO4 + Ba S = Zn S + Ba So4 +2 Na 0 H
<Desc/Clms Page number 4>
Outre le lithopone, on obtient donc un liquide surnageant contenant plus de soude que celui dont on était parti et l'opération constitue une préparation directe et très avantageuse de soude à partir du sulfate .
L'ensemble du procédé qui vient d'être exposé dans le cas des tôles galvalisées est applicable, sous réserve de quelques faibles modifications, au traitement des autres déchets métalliques contenant du zinc, et à celui des minerais oxydés,et plus généralement à toutes les matières contenant du zinc ou des composés du zinc so- lubles dans les alcalis. Il permet de séparer du zinc tous les métaux dont les hydroxydes sont insolubles dans les alcalis.
Il s'applique en particulier au traitement des minerais de zinc pauvres. Si ceux-ci ne peuvent être trai- tés avantageusement par la soude directement, ils seront préalablement grillés s'ils sont sulfurés et l'acide sul- fureux produit est transformé en acide sulfurique qui ser- vira à leur lavage ultérieur .
Les minerais carbonates ou grilles sont lavés par l'acide sulfurique de façon à dissoudre tous les mé- taux qui y sont contenus (avec attaque à l'ébullition s'il y a lieu) @ On obtient ainsi des sulfates de chaux et de plomb qui restent avec les insolubles et une solu- tion contenant du sulfate de zinc, de fer, de magnésie et autres métaux .
La solution est traitée avec un excès de soude de façon à obtenir une solution de zincate de soude qui, contenant naturellement du sulfate de soude, convient particulièrement pour la préparation du lithopone par le procédé décrit précédemment .
<Desc / Clms Page number 1>
"Obtaining zinc and industrial zinc derivatives from its oxidized ores or metal waste.
This invention relates to a process for obtaining zinc or merchantable zinc compounds from its oxidized ores or from the impure metal, for example: zinc gray or dust; zinc from split alloys such as brass filings; zinc in galvanized sheets, either out of use or in chippings of new sheets.
To explain the process, we will take as an example the treatment of old galvanized sheets. Some attempts to recover their zinc have already been
<Desc / Clms Page number 2>
attempted with a view to producing the salts, sulphate or chloride; the attack of the metal by acids leads to solutions containing all the impurities of zinc and considerable quantities of iron, the removal of which is laborious and expensive.
According to the present process the attack of the sheets is effected by the alkalis, in practice by a concentrated and hot sodium hydroxide solution. While the attack of pure zinc is very slow, it turns out that zinc deposited on a less electro-negative metal, or alloyed with it, is attacked much more quickly. The complete dissolution of the zinc in the galvanized sheets can be obtained in a few hours, at a suitable temperature increasing with the exhaustion of the alkaline solution.
Despite the phenomenon of hydrolysis of the zincate solution, it is possible to use at least 80% of the sodium hydroxide solution.
2 tion of zinc in the theoretical ratio of Zn to Na .. Finally, solutions containing 100 to 200 g are obtained. of zinc per liter and completely free of iron as well as all impurities constituted by metals (cadmium, copper, nickel, etc.), the hydroxides of which are insoluble in alkalis.
The solutions of zinc oxide in sodium hydroxide are then freed by centrifugation of the sludge resulting from the attack, in the liquid is incorporated at this moment the emulsified air which promotes the oxidation of the last impurities which precipitate. It is filtered, for example through a layer of asbestos, and pure solutions of sodium zincate are obtained.
<Desc / Clms Page number 3>
The above solutions can then be used either for obtaining metallic zinc by electrolysis, or for obtaining zinc oxide or sulphide or for the direct preparation of lithopone, all these products being very pure.
To obtain zinc oxide, the zincate solutions, diluted so as to avoid the possible crystallization of sodium carbonate, are saturated with aoi- oarboniqae. Zinc oxide precipitates; it is washed, filtered and dried or calcined. The filtered solution after causticization and concentration regenerates the initial sodium hydroxide solution ready for a new attack.
To obtain zinc sulphide, the zincate solution is treated with hydrogen sulphide or sodium sulphide which precipitate the zinc sulphide, which is purified and collected. In the case where sodium sulphide is used, a real preparation of sodium hydroxide is carried out from sidium sulphide, that is to say directly from sulphate, according to the reaction:
Zn 0 + Na2 S + H 2 O = 2 Na 0 H + Zn S
To obtain lithopone, that is to say the equimolecular mixture of precipitated sulphide and barium sulphate, usually prepared from zinc sulphate, the procedure is as follows:
The zincate solution is added with sodium sulphate in an amount calculated from the weight of dissolved zinc, then a solution, in an amount also calculated, of barium sulphide; we obtain by precipitation the desired body according to the reaction: H 0 + Zn 0 + Na2 SO4 + Ba S = Zn S + Ba So4 +2 Na 0 H
<Desc / Clms Page number 4>
Besides the lithopone, a supernatant liquid is therefore obtained containing more soda than that from which it was started and the operation constitutes a direct and very advantageous preparation of soda from the sulfate.
The whole of the process which has just been explained in the case of galvanized sheets is applicable, subject to a few minor modifications, to the treatment of other metal waste containing zinc, and to that of oxidized ores, and more generally to all materials containing zinc or alkali soluble zinc compounds. It allows all metals whose hydroxides are insoluble in alkalis to be separated from zinc.
It applies in particular to the treatment of poor zinc ores. If these cannot be treated advantageously with soda directly, they will be roasted beforehand if they are sulphurous and the sulphurous acid produced is transformed into sulfuric acid which will be used for their subsequent washing.
The carbonate ores or grids are washed with sulfuric acid so as to dissolve all the metals contained therein (with attack on boiling if necessary) @ This gives lime and lead sulphates which remain with the insolubles and a solution containing sulphate of zinc, iron, magnesia and other metals.
The solution is treated with an excess of sodium hydroxide so as to obtain a sodium zincate solution which, naturally containing sodium sulfate, is particularly suitable for the preparation of lithopone by the process described above.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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BE346814A true BE346814A (en) |
Family
ID=22592
Family Applications (1)
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BE346814D BE346814A (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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BE (1) | BE346814A (en) |
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- BE BE346814D patent/BE346814A/fr unknown
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