BE1030628A1 - A power cut protection device for electric vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a power outage protection device for electric vehicles. This device uses a conductive block moving relative to a conductive cavity, the latter being filled with liquid metal. When the conductive block enters the conductive cavity, the liquid metal inside this cavity is rapidly compressed, filling the space between the conductor seat and the conductive block, thus allowing electrical conduction. When the conductive block leaves the cavity, the liquid metal, under the effect of gravity, gathers at the bottom of the cavity, thus preventing the electrical connection between the two conductive seats and thus creating a power cut. In addition, thanks to the design of an insulating block which fills the space between the two driver's seats in the cut-off state, it is possible to prevent liquid metal from coming into contact with the driver's seats. On the other hand, we can use the induced current detected by an inductive coil to contract a power spring, then use the elastic force of a tension spring to move the conductor block and achieve a power cut. We can also use an electromagnet to directly move the conductor block and make the cut. These two methods can be complementary, because in the event of a sudden and intense increase in current, the induced current generated by the inductive coil can quickly break the circuit.

Description

A power cut protection device for electric vehicles

Technical area

The present invention relates to technology for protecting against power cuts for propulsion batteries of electric vehicles, and more particularly to a device for protecting against power cuts for electric vehicles.

Background technology

Electric vehicles are mainly powered by propulsion batteries. In the event of abnormal battery discharge, vehicle collision, vehicle rollover, or battery pack overheating, it is necessary to quickly cut off the current flowing from the propulsion battery. Currently, the main methods are to use a contactor for power cutoff or to use explosive to cut off the propulsion battery bus. The contactor method has a simple structure and low cost, but in the event of a control system failure or power failure, it cannot be activated, so it has low safety. The use of explosive detonation provides rapid activation and very little reliance on electrical and control systems, making it safer, but its cost is high, as is the cost of subsequent maintenance.

Therefore, how to reconcile cost while improving security is currently a technical problem to solve. It is particularly important not to generate consumables during use, and then to be able to reuse the device directly after resetting by an electrical signal. This would effectively reduce maintenance costs, similar to using a contactor, but the safety must be higher than a contactor.

Content of the invention

Taking into account the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide a power outage protection device for an electric vehicle, capable of quickly cutting off the power without consumables and capable of being electrically reset.

In order to achieve this objective, the present invention proposes a power outage protection device for an electric vehicle, comprising an insulating shell and an outer shell. The outer shell is mounted on the insulating shell. Inside the insulating shell two conductive seats are installed, and between these two seats there is a conductive cavity. In this conductive cavity is installed a conductive block, made from a conductive material. The conductive cavity is filled with liquid metal, which fills the space between the driver block and the driver seats, thereby establishing a conductive connection between the two seats. Each driver's seat is respectively electrically connected to one end of an input terminal and an output terminal.

Insulating bases are installed on the driver's seats. The driver's seats are made from a conductive material, while the insulating bases are made from an insulating material.

The driver block is mounted on an insulating seat. After passing through the insulating shell, the insulating seat is inserted into the outer shell and is fixed in assembly with a side block. The conductive block can pass through the insulating shell. On the insulating shell

? BE2023/5848 is a sliding side groove, through which the side block passes and fits and slide assembly with it.

The end of the side block emerging from the sliding side groove is inserted into a driving groove. This drive groove is located on a drive block. The drive block is mounted at one end of an extendable axle.

The other end of the extendable shaft is inserted into an electromagnetic magnet, which is mounted on the outer shell.

As a further improvement of the present invention, an insulating block is also installed in the conductive cavity. This insulating block is mounted on the conductor block and is made from an insulating material. An insulating base is installed at the corresponding location between the driver's seat and the insulating block.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the other end of the input terminal and the other end of the output terminal are electrically connected to the propulsion battery bus and the input of the power module, respectively.

As a further improvement of the present invention, when the insulating block corresponds to the driver's seat, it is tightly sealed against the corresponding driver's seat. The insulating block has a through-hole, the hole allowing liquid metal above the insulating block to flow below as the insulating block moves.

As a further improvement of the present invention, one end of the insulating seat is attached to a tension spring. The other end of the tension spring is attached to a spring column of the insulating shell. In the initial state, the spring is in the stretched position.

As a further improvement of the present invention, a mounting hole is provided on the drive block. A locking block is mounted inside this hole so that it is retained but can slide. The lock block is equipped with limiting platforms and a lock block rod. One end of the locking block extending from the drive block is pressed against the side block, thereby preventing the side block from moving upward relative to the drive block.

The lock block rod, after being equipped with a lock block spring, passes through an end cover and is inserted into a driving tube, and is fixed to one end of a driving spring. The other end of the drive spring is attached to a spring seat. The lock block rod and end cover are assembled so that they can slide axially.

The drive spring is made from a nickel-titanium alloy and is wrapped in an insulating layer. The two ends of the drive spring are respectively electrically connected to the two ends of an inductive coil through spring wires. The inductive coil is mounted on an input terminal.

) BE2023/5848

As a further improvement of the present invention, an end cover ring is provided on the end cover. This ring is inserted into the drive tube and is attached to it. The drive tube is inserted into and secured to a mounting hole.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the spring wire is elastic.

As a further improvement of the present invention, a side block inclined surface is provided on the side block, and a locking block inclined surface is provided on the locking block. The inclined surface of the side block can be pressed against the inclined surface of the locking block to compress the locking block, thereby pushing the locking block into the mounting hole and allowing the side block to pass through.

The advantages of the present invention are as follows:

This invention uses the movement of a conductive block relative to a conductive cavity, with this cavity being filled with liquid metal. When the conductive block enters the conductive cavity, the liquid metal in the cavity is quickly compressed to fill the space between the conductive seat and the conductive block, thereby enabling conduction. When the conductive block leaves the cavity, the liquid metal gathers at the bottom of the cavity under the effect of its own weight, which prevents it from establishing an electrical connection between the two conductive seats, thus creating a circuit break . In addition, by designing an insulating block to fill the space between the two driver's seats when cutting, we prevent the liquid metal from touching the driver's seat, thus ensuring the reliability of the cutoff. Furthermore, the use of an inductive coil to detect the induced current makes it possible to contract the power spring, and the elasticity of a traction spring makes it possible to move the conductive block to achieve the cutoff. || It is also possible to use an electromagnet to directly move the conductor block to make the cut. These two methods are complementary because in the event of a sudden and significant increase in current, the inductive coil can act as a fuse to quickly break the circuit. Normally, on-board sensors and the on-board computer can control the electromagnet to activate or deactivate the circuit. This method not only has the advantages of low cost and fast response of a contactor, but also the automatic cut-off feature, thus making the system safer.

Description of the designs

Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the present invention;

Figure 2 is an enlargement of zone A of Figure 1.

Specific embodiment

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical plan of the exemplary embodiments of this invention with reference to the appended drawings.

Please refer to Figures 1 and 2. The cut protection device

* BE2023/5848 electric car current of this example comprises an insulating shell 110 and an outer shell 120. The outer shell 120 is mounted on the insulating shell 110. Inside the insulating shell 110 are installed two driver seats 230 , between which there is a conductive cavity 111. In this conductive cavity 111 are installed a conductive block 240 and an insulating block 510. The insulating block 510 is mounted on the conductive block 240. The conductive block 240 is manufactured from a conductive material, while the insulating block 510 is made from an insulating material. The conductive cavity 111 is filled with a liquid metal which fills the space between the conductive block 240 and the conductive seats 230, thus electrically connecting the two conductive seats 230 via the liquid metal and the conductive block 240.

At the corresponding point between the driver's seat 230 and the insulating block 510, an insulating base 231 is mounted. The driver's seat 230 is made from a conductive material and the insulating base 231 is made from an insulating material. The two driver seats 230 are respectively electrically connected to an input terminal 210 and to an output terminal 220. The other end of the input terminal 210 and the output terminal 220 is respectively electrically connected to the bus of the propulsion battery and at the input of the power module. Thus, through this invention, the current from the propulsion battery is introduced into the power module, which is either a DC-DC module or a DC-AC module on board the vehicle, used to convert the stored energy of the propulsion battery into electrical energy usable by the vehicle.

When the insulating block 510 is opposite the driver's seat 230, the insulating block 510 is hermetically sealed to the corresponding driver's seat 230; a through insulating hole 511 is provided on the insulating block 510. This insulating hole 511 allows the liquid metal above the insulating block 510 to flow below when the insulating block 510 moves, thereby preventing the liquid metal from blocking and does not affect the flow of liquid metal above and below the insulating block 510.

The conductor block 240 is mounted on the insulating seat 310, which passes through the insulating shell 110 and is mounted inside the outer shell 120 and is securely fixed to the side block 320. The insulating seat 310 and the conductor block 240 can both pass through the insulating shell 110.

One end of the insulating seat 310 is fixed to the tension spring 410, and the other end of the tension spring 410 is fixed to the spring column 122 of the insulating shell. In the initial state (Figure 1), the tension spring 410 is stretched.

A sliding side groove 121 is provided on the insulating shell 120, and the side block 320 passes through the sliding side groove 121 and is engaged and slidably mounted therewith.

The end of the side block 320 emerging from the sliding side groove 121 is inserted into the driving groove 132, which is located on the driving block 130. The

> BE2023/5848 driving block 130 is mounted on one end of the telescopic shaft 261, and the other end of the telescopic shaft 261 is inserted into the electromagnet 260, which is mounted on the outer shell 120. When the When the electromagnet 260 is activated, it can drive the driving block 130 to move up and down, thereby driving the side block 320 to move up and down, and the side block 320 drives the driving block 240 and the insulating block 510 to move up and down. to descend simultaneously. Figure 1 shows the initial state, where current is connected. To cut off the current, the electromagnet 260 drives the conductor block 240 and the insulating block 510 to rise, and the liquid metal flows through the insulating hole 511 downward, until the insulating block 510 rises between the two driver seats 230 to separate them. At this point, the liquid metal does not touch the two driver seats 230, so the power is cut off. And as the insulating block 510 fills the space between the two driver's seats 230, even in the event of a rollover, the liquid metal cannot penetrate into the space between the insulating block 510 and the driver's seat, thus guaranteeing the stability of the cutoff.

On the drive block 130 is arranged an installation hole 131. In this installation hole 131 a locking block 330 is slidably mounted, on which a limiting platform 332 and a locking rod 333 are respectively installed One end of the locking block 330, after passing through the driving block 130, is pressed against the side block 320, thereby preventing the side block 320 from rising relative to the driving block 130. The locking rod 333 , after being equipped with a locking spring 420, passes through the end cover 340 and is fixedly mounted in the drive tube 350 at one end of the drive spring 430, the other end of the spring d the drive 430 being attached to a spring seat 351. The locking rod 333 is mounted in an axial sliding manner with the end cover 340.

On the end cover 340 is disposed a cover ring 341. This cover ring 341 is mounted in the drive tube 350 and fixed in place, and the drive tube 350 is mounted in the installation hole 131 and also fixed in place.

The 430 drive spring is made of nickel-titanium alloy and is coated with an insulating layer on the outside. The two ends of the drive spring 430 are respectively electrically connected to the two ends of the induction coil 250 by spring lead wires 270. The induction coil 250 is mounted on the input terminal 210. The lead wire spring 270 is elastic, adapted to accompany the upward and downward movement of the drive block 130.

During an abnormal current output from the battery (such as a short circuit), its output current can instantly increase from a few tens of amps to several hundred amps, with this change in current causing a change in the magnetic field , inducing a current in the induction coil. This current is introduced into the drive spring 430, and a magnetic field is generated between two spaced apart spirals of the drive spring 430, causing instantaneous contraction. This contraction force can move the locking block 330 against

° BE2023/5848 the force of the locking spring 420 until the locking block 330 separates from the side block 320. At this time, the tension spring 410 uses its elastic force to quickly pull the insulating seat 310, the conductive block 240 and the insulating block 250 upwards, thus quickly cutting off the current. The use of latch spring 420 to counteract drive spring contraction is designed to prevent normal variations in current during normal use from causing drive spring contraction. At this time, due to the damping of the lock spring 420, if the drive spring 430 cannot move the lock block, it will contract and stretch in sections by itself, not affecting the lock block, thereby improving the stability of use.

Preferably, on the side block 320 is arranged an inclined surface 321 of the side block. On the locking block 330 is disposed an inclined surface 331 of the locking block. The inclined surface 321 of the side block can join with the inclined surface 331 of the locking block, thereby pressing the locking block 330 into the installation hole 131, allowing the side block 320 to pass through. This design is used after the lock block has been unlocked by the drive spring 430 to interrupt the circuit, with the side block 320 positioned above. At this time, the electromagnet 260 is activated, causing the drive block 130 to rise until the inclined surface 321 of the side block joins with the inclined surface 331 of the locking block. By continuing to move the drive block upward, the side block 320 is inserted into the drive groove 132. Once restored, the drive block 130 can drive the side block 320 to move by synchronous manner.

Claims (9)

7 BE2023/5848 claims 1. A power outage protection device for electric vehicles, characterized in that it comprises: an insulating casing and an outer casing, said outer casing being mounted on the insulating casing. Inside the insulating envelope are installed two conductive seats, separated by a conductive cavity. In this cavity is installed a conductive block, made from a conductive material. The cavity is filled with liquid metal, which fills the gap between the driver's block and the driver's seats, thus establishing a conductive connection between the two seats. Each driver's seat is respectively connected to one end of an input terminal and an output terminal. An insulating tray is mounted on the driver's seat, which is made from a conductive material, while the insulating tray is made from an insulating material. The conductor block is mounted on an insulating seat, which, after passing through the insulating casing, is mounted inside the outer casing and is attached to a side block. The conductive block can pass through the insulating envelope. A side groove is provided on the insulating cover, and the side block passes through this groove, inserting and sliding therein. The side block, at the end protruding from the side groove, is inserted into a drive groove located on a drive block. The latter is mounted at one end of an extensible axis, the other end of which is inserted into an electromagnet fixed to the outer casing. 2. The power outage protection device for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: an insulating block is also installed in the conductive cavity. This insulating block is mounted on the conductor block and is made from an insulating material. An insulating plate is mounted at the corresponding location between the driver's seat and the insulating block. 3. The power outage protection device for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the other end of the input terminal and the output terminal is respectively connected to the bus of the battery power and to the input of the power module to establish a conductive connection. 4 Power outage protection device for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the insulating block corresponds to the driver's seat, it is closely sealed to the corresponding driver's seat. The insulating block is provided with a through-hole, the hole being intended to allow liquid metal above to flow through the hole when the insulating block is moved towards its lower part. 5. Device for protecting against power outages for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the insulating seat is fixed to a $ BE2023/5848 end of the extension spring, while the other end of the extension spring is attached to the spring column of the insulating casing. In the initial position, the spring is in a state of tension. 6. Power outage protection device for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drive block is provided with a mounting hole, inside which a locking block is inserted and mounted in a sliding manner. The lock block is equipped with a limit plate and a lock rod respectively. One end of the locking block, after passing through the drive block, presses against the side block to prevent the latter from rising relative to the drive block. The lock rod, after being fitted with a lock spring, passes through the cover and is mounted in the drive tube, being fixed at one end of the drive spring. The other end of the drive spring is attached to the spring seat. The locking rod can slide axially relative to the cover. The drive spring is made of nickel-titanium alloy and is coated with an insulating layer. The two ends of the drive spring are respectively connected by a spring wire to the two ends of an inductive coil, which is mounted on the input terminal. 7. Power outage protection device for electric vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: the cover is provided with a cover ring, this ring being inserted into the drive tube and being fixed there. The drive tube is inserted into the mounting hole and secured there. 8. Device for protecting against power outages for electric vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: the spring wire is extensible. 9 Power outage protection device for electric vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: the side block is provided with an inclined surface, the locking block also being provided with an inclined surface. The inclined surface of the side block can be pressed against the inclined surface of the locking block to compress the latter, thereby inserting the locking block into the mounting hole and allowing the side block to pass through it.