BE1013517A3 - Galvanizing process for steel plates. - Google Patents
Galvanizing process for steel plates. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- BE1013517A3 BE1013517A3 BE9900186A BE9900186A BE1013517A3 BE 1013517 A3 BE1013517 A3 BE 1013517A3 BE 9900186 A BE9900186 A BE 9900186A BE 9900186 A BE9900186 A BE 9900186A BE 1013517 A3 BE1013517 A3 BE 1013517A3
- Authority
- BE
- Belgium
- Prior art keywords
- galvanizing
- bath
- treated
- aluminum
- immersed
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009924 canning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KFZAUHNPPZCSCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron zinc Chemical compound [Fe].[Zn] KFZAUHNPPZCSCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012886 linear function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/30—Fluxes or coverings on molten baths
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
- C23C2/026—Deposition of sublayers, e.g. adhesion layers or pre-applied alloying elements or corrosion protection
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Vessels, Lead-In Wires, Accessory Apparatuses For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Procédé de galvanistation de tôles d'acier, notamment de tôles assemblées telles que des pièces de structure de véhicules automobiles se distinguant par une teneur particulière en silicium et en phosphore, caractérisé en ce que dans une étape de prétraitement, on plonge la pièce à traiter dans un bain de prétraitement dit bain de fluxage renfermant entre 300 et 350 g/l de chlorure de zinc et entre 100 et 150 g/l de chlorure d'ammonium à une température de l'ordre de 38°C, de façon à revêtir cette pièce d'une couche d'interface, puis on plonge la pièce ainsi revêtue dans un bain de galvanisation renfermant entre 0.05% et 0.20% en poids d'aluminium à une température de 440 °C à 450 °C, de façon à obtenir un revêtement ayant une épaisseur homogène environ comprise entre 10 et 40 um.Process for galvanizing steel sheets, in particular assembled sheets such as structural parts of motor vehicles distinguished by a particular content of silicon and phosphorus, characterized in that in a pre-treatment step, the part to be treated is immersed in a pretreatment bath known as a fluxing bath containing between 300 and 350 g / l of zinc chloride and between 100 and 150 g / l of ammonium chloride at a temperature of the order of 38 ° C, so as to coat this part with an interface layer, then the part thus coated is immersed in a galvanizing bath containing between 0.05% and 0.20% by weight of aluminum at a temperature of 440 ° C to 450 ° C, so as to obtain a coating having a uniform thickness of approximately between 10 and 40 μm.
Description
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Procédé de galvanisation de tôles d'acier
La présente invention concerne un procédé de galvanisation de tôles d'acier, notamment de tôles assemblées telles que des pièces de structure de véhicules automobiles se distinguant par une teneur particulière en silicium et en phosphore.
Il est bien connu que, dans tous les domaines de l'industrie tels qu'à titre d'exemple l'automobile, l'électroménager, la conserverie..., il est nécessaire de protéger les pièces en fer, en fonte ou en acier contre la corrosion.
Parmi les procédés les plus couramment utilisés pour effectuer cette protection on peut mentionner la galvanisation qui est connue depuis déjà de nombreuses dizaines d'années.
Cette opération, qui consiste à recouvrir les pièces à protéger d'une couche de protection à base de zinc, peut s'effectuer soit par trempage dans un bain de zinc fondu (ou enduction au rouleau), soit par électrozingage. Le dépôt, qui doit être d'épaisseur contrôlée, peut ou non être réalisé sur toutes les faces de la pièce. Il est constitué de zinc pur ou additionné d'éléments tels qu'à titre d'exemple le nickel, l'étain, le cuivre, le plomb, le fer, le cobalt ou encore l'aluminium.
Il est en particulier à noter que l'ajout d'aluminium améliore la brillance des revêtements de galvanisation, réduit l'oxydation superficielle du zinc, améliore la fluidité du bain, et permet de contrôler la réaction zinc/fer qui contribue à l'obtention de l'épaisseur.
En effet, pour donner satisfaction, les revêtements de galvanisation doivent avoir un aspect uniforme non marbré et brillant et, en outre, avoir une épaisseur homogène en règle générale de l'ordre de 10 à 40 m.
Parmi les bains de galvanisation renfermant de l'aluminium, les spécialistes ont pris l'habitude de distinguer : - les bains à basse teneur en aluminium renfermant environ
0,005 % d'aluminium,
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- les bains à teneur moyenne renfermant environ 0, 2 % d'aluminium, - les bains dits de poligalva renfermant de 0,04 % à
0,05 % d'aluminium.
Or, si tous les aciers non alliés et les fontes maléables peuvent subir de manière satisfaisante un traitement dans un bain de galvanisation renfermant de l'aluminium, il n'en est pas de même de certains aciers alliés, notamment des aciers présentant de fortes teneurs en silicium ou en phosphore : dans le cas de tels aciers, l'opération de galvanisation aboutit en effet à l'obtention de revêtements ayant un aspect gris marbré et mat non satisfaisant du point de vue de l'esthétique ; de plus, la présence dans l'acier à traiter de teneurs particulières en silicium et en phosphore tend à accélérer la croissance des couches d'alliage zinc-fer, d'où il résulte que les revêtements obtenus sont plus épais et moins résistants aux chocs (risque d'écaillage sous chocs ponctuels).
Il est en particulier à noter que, dans le cas des aciers au silicium, l'épaisseur du revêtement de galvanisation n'est pas une fonction linéaire de la teneur en silicium, comme le prouve la courbe de Sandelin représentée sur la figure 1 qui indique les variations de l'épaisseur d'une couche de galvanisation déposée sur une pièce en acier en fonction de la teneur en silicium de cet acier.
Selon cette figure, on peut distinguer deux domaines séparés par une teneur en silicium de 0,1 % ; les aciers ayant une teneur en silicium inférieure à cette limite sont dits hyposandelin tandis que les aciers ayant une teneur en silicium supérieure à cette limite sont dits hypersandelin .
Cette figure montre clairement que la croissance de la couche de galvanisation est très rapide à l'approche d'une teneur en silicium égale à 0,1 % ; dans ce domaine, les couches formées sont épaisses, fragiles et grises.
Pour éviter ces phénomènes, on a défini des normes auxquelles doivent satisfaire les aciers destinés à être galvanisés, telle la norme NF A 35-503. Cette norme définit
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deux classes d'aciers en fonction de leur teneur en silicium et en phosphore.
Classe 1 : Si 0,03 % et Si + 2,5 P 0, 09 %
EMI3.1
Classe 2 : Si < 0, 04 % et Si + 2, 5 P < 0, 11 %.
Ces classes ont été définies en fonction d'éléments statistiques de répartition des teneurs en silicium et en phosphore.
Il est généralement admis que les aciers ayant des teneurs en silicium et en phosphore supérieures à celles mentionnées ne peuvent pas être galvanisés de manière satisfaisante, et même que dans le cas des aciers de classe 2, lorsque les teneurs sont proches des limites maximales, il peut subsister quelques risques d'obtenir un revêtement mat et marbré plus épais.
Il est à noter que l'industrialisation du procédé dit de poligalva a permis, dans une certaine mesure, d'atténuer ces inconvénients, sans toutefois donner toute satisfaction ; de plus, il n'a pas jusqu'à présent été possible d'augmenter la teneur en aluminium des bains de galvanisation à des pourcentages compris entre 0,05 % et 0,20 %, en particulier à cause de problèmes d'adhérence des revêtements rencontrés pour de telles teneurs en aluminium.
La présente invention a pour objet de remédier à cet inconvénient en proposant un procédé de galvanisation de tôles d'acier, notamment de tôles assemblées telles que des pièces de structure de véhicules automobiles se distinguant par une teneur particulière en silicium et en phosphore permettant d'obtenir un revêtement ayant une épaisseur homogène ainsi qu'un aspect uniforme non marbré et brillant, largement satisfaisant du point de vue de l'esthétique.
Conformément à l'invention, ce procédé est caractérisé en ce que dans une étape de prétraitement on plonge la pièce à traiter dans un bain de prétraitement dit bain de fluxage renfermant entre 300 et 350 g/l de chlorure de zinc et entre 100 et 150 g/l de chlorure d'ammonium à une température de l'ordre de 380C de façon à revêtir cette pièce d'une couche d'interface, puis, on plonge la pièce ainsi revêtue dans un bain de galvanisation renfermant entre 0,05 % et
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0,20 % en poids d'aluminium à une température de l'ordre de 440 à 4500C.
Le dépôt, conforme à l'invention, d'une couche d'interface, entre la surface de la pièce à traiter et la couche de galvanisation, permet, de manière surprenante, de remédier aux problèmes liés à l'utilisation de bains de poligalva à teneur en aluminium comprise entre 0,05 % et 0,2 %, et conduit à l'obtention de revêtements de galvanisation ayant une épaisseur homogène environ comprise entre 10 et 40 lim donnant toute satisfaction du point de vue de l'adhérence et de l'esthétique.
L'expérience à permis de constater que la pièce à traiter doit en règle générale être plongée pendant environ 30 secondes dans le bain de fluxage puis pendant environ 2 à 6 minutes dans le bain de galvanisation.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le pH du bain de fluxage est compris entre 2 et 3 et est de préférence de l'ordre 2,5.
Conformément à une caractéristique préférentielle de l'invention, on a pu galvaniser de manière satisfaisante des pièces en tout type d'acier et en particulier en acier au silicium et au phosphore en mettant en oeuvre un bain de fluxage renfermant environ 323 g/l de chlorure de zinc et environ 122 g/l de chlorure d'ammonium.
On a pu constater qu'un tel traitement préalable conduit à appliquer sur la pièce à traiter une couche d'interface ayant la composition suivante : 40 < Zn < 46 % 54 < NH4Cl < 60 %.
L'expérience a également permis de constater que le bain de galvanisation doit, préférentiellement, renfermer entre 0,090 % et 0,110 % en poids d'aluminium et, en outre, et le cas échéant entre 1,0 et 1,5 % en poids de plomb.
Pour vérifier le caractère particulièrement avantageux du procédé conforme à l'invention, on a appliqué celui-ci à la galvanisation de pièces en acier présentant de fortes teneurs en silicium et en phosphore.
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La figure 2 représente les variations de l'épaisseur du revêtement de galvanisation ainsi obtenu (en m) en fonction de la teneur Si+2, 5P (en %) de ces aciers.
Cette figure prouve clairement que le procédé conforme à l'invention permet d'obtenir, quel que soit le type d'acier, des revêtements d'épaisseur homogène environ comprise entre 10 et 40 m.
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Process for galvanizing steel sheets
The present invention relates to a process for galvanizing steel sheets, in particular assembled sheets such as structural parts of motor vehicles, distinguished by a particular content of silicon and phosphorus.
It is well known that, in all areas of industry such as, for example, the automobile, household appliances, canning, etc., it is necessary to protect the iron, cast iron or steel against corrosion.
Among the processes most commonly used to carry out this protection, mention may be made of galvanization which has been known for many decades already.
This operation, which consists of covering the parts to be protected with a protective layer based on zinc, can be carried out either by dipping in a bath of molten zinc (or coating with a roller), or by electrozincing. The deposit, which must be of controlled thickness, may or may not be carried out on all the faces of the part. It consists of pure zinc or with the addition of elements such as, for example, nickel, tin, copper, lead, iron, cobalt or even aluminum.
It should be noted in particular that the addition of aluminum improves the gloss of the galvanizing coatings, reduces the surface oxidation of zinc, improves the fluidity of the bath, and makes it possible to control the zinc / iron reaction which contributes to obtaining of thickness.
In fact, to give satisfaction, the galvanizing coatings must have a uniform, unblasted and shiny appearance and, in addition, have a uniform thickness as a rule of the order of 10 to 40 m.
Among the galvanizing baths containing aluminum, specialists have become accustomed to distinguishing: - baths with low aluminum content containing approximately
0.005% aluminum,
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- baths with an average content containing approximately 0.2% of aluminum, - so-called poligalva baths containing from 0.04% to
0.05% aluminum.
However, if all non-alloy steels and malleable cast irons can undergo treatment in a satisfactory manner in a galvanizing bath containing aluminum, it is not the same for certain alloy steels, in particular steels having high contents in silicon or phosphorus: in the case of such steels, the galvanizing operation results in fact in obtaining coatings having a gray mottled and matt appearance which are not satisfactory from the point of view of aesthetics; in addition, the presence in the steel to be treated of particular contents of silicon and phosphorus tends to accelerate the growth of the layers of zinc-iron alloy, from which it results that the coatings obtained are thicker and less resistant to shocks (risk of chipping under occasional shocks).
It should in particular be noted that, in the case of silicon steels, the thickness of the galvanizing coating is not a linear function of the silicon content, as evidenced by the Sandelin curve shown in FIG. 1 which indicates variations in the thickness of a galvanizing layer deposited on a steel part as a function of the silicon content of this steel.
According to this figure, one can distinguish two domains separated by a silicon content of 0.1%; steels with a silicon content below this limit are said to be hyposandelin while steels having a silicon content above this limit are said to be hypersandelin.
This figure clearly shows that the growth of the galvanizing layer is very rapid when approaching a silicon content equal to 0.1%; in this area, the layers formed are thick, fragile and gray.
To avoid these phenomena, standards have been defined which steels intended to be galvanized must meet, such as standard NF A 35-503. This standard defines
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two classes of steels according to their silicon and phosphorus content.
Class 1: If 0.03% and If + 2.5 P 0.09%
EMI3.1
Class 2: If <0.04% and If + 2.5 P <0.11%.
These classes have been defined according to statistical elements for the distribution of silicon and phosphorus contents.
It is generally accepted that steels with silicon and phosphorus contents higher than those mentioned cannot be galvanized in a satisfactory manner, and even that in the case of class 2 steels, when the contents are close to the maximum limits, it there may still be a few risks of obtaining a thicker matt and marbled coating.
It should be noted that the industrialization of the so-called poligalva process has made it possible, to a certain extent, to mitigate these drawbacks, without however giving any satisfaction; moreover, it has so far not been possible to increase the aluminum content of the galvanizing baths to percentages between 0.05% and 0.20%, in particular because of adhesion problems of the coatings encountered for such aluminum contents.
The object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback by proposing a method of galvanizing steel sheets, in particular assembled sheets such as structural parts of motor vehicles, distinguished by a particular content of silicon and phosphorus making it possible to to obtain a coating having a homogeneous thickness as well as a uniform non-marbled and shiny appearance, largely satisfactory from the point of view of aesthetics.
According to the invention, this process is characterized in that in a pretreatment step, the part to be treated is immersed in a pretreatment bath known as a fluxing bath containing between 300 and 350 g / l of zinc chloride and between 100 and 150 g / l of ammonium chloride at a temperature of the order of 380C so as to coat this part with an interface layer, then, the part thus coated is immersed in a galvanizing bath containing between 0.05% and
<Desc / Clms Page number 4>
0.20% by weight of aluminum at a temperature of the order of 440 to 4500C.
The deposition, in accordance with the invention, of an interface layer, between the surface of the part to be treated and the galvanizing layer, makes it possible, surprisingly, to remedy the problems associated with the use of poligalva baths with an aluminum content of between 0.05% and 0.2%, and leads to the production of galvanizing coatings having a homogeneous thickness of between 10 and 40 μm giving satisfactory satisfaction from the point of view of adhesion and aesthetics.
Experience has shown that the part to be treated must generally be immersed for approximately 30 seconds in the fluxing bath and then for approximately 2 to 6 minutes in the galvanizing bath.
According to another characteristic of the invention, the pH of the fluxing bath is between 2 and 3 and is preferably around 2.5.
In accordance with a preferred characteristic of the invention, parts of all types of steel, and in particular silicon and phosphorus steel, have been able to be satisfactorily galvanized by using a fluxing bath containing approximately 323 g / l of zinc chloride and approximately 122 g / l of ammonium chloride.
It has been observed that such a preliminary treatment results in applying to the part to be treated an interface layer having the following composition: 40 <Zn <46% 54 <NH4Cl <60%.
Experience has also shown that the galvanizing bath should preferably contain between 0.090% and 0.110% by weight of aluminum and, moreover, and if necessary between 1.0 and 1.5% by weight of lead.
To verify the particularly advantageous nature of the process according to the invention, it was applied to the galvanization of steel parts having high contents of silicon and phosphorus.
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FIG. 2 represents the variations in the thickness of the galvanizing coating thus obtained (in m) as a function of the Si + 2.5 P content (in%) of these steels.
This figure clearly proves that the process according to the invention makes it possible to obtain, whatever the type of steel, coatings of uniform thickness approximately between 10 and 40 m.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9803757A FR2776672B1 (en) | 1998-03-26 | 1998-03-26 | PROCESS FOR GALVANIZING STEEL SHEETS |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
BE1013517A3 true BE1013517A3 (en) | 2002-03-05 |
Family
ID=9524527
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
BE9900186A BE1013517A3 (en) | 1998-03-26 | 1999-03-17 | Galvanizing process for steel plates. |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE1013517A3 (en) |
DE (1) | DE19913531A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2162725B2 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2776672B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2335663B (en) |
IT (1) | IT1309081B1 (en) |
SE (2) | SE9901116L (en) |
TR (1) | TR199900625A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2827615B1 (en) * | 2001-07-17 | 2003-10-03 | Electro Rech | PROCESS FOR HOT GALVANIZATION OF STEEL SHEETS |
AU2002249553B2 (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2009-08-06 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | Flux process for preparation and use thereof |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2343058A1 (en) * | 1976-03-05 | 1977-09-30 | Int Lead Zinc Res | PROCESS FOR PREPARING AND PREHEATING A FERROUS METAL OBJECT FOR GALVANIZATION |
JPS55107765A (en) * | 1979-02-15 | 1980-08-19 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Steel wire rod galvanizing method |
JPS6199664A (en) * | 1984-10-19 | 1986-05-17 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Coating method with zinc-aluminum alloy by hot dipping |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4042731A (en) * | 1975-11-06 | 1977-08-16 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Foaming agents for galvanizing fluxes |
US4496612A (en) * | 1982-04-06 | 1985-01-29 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Aqueous flux for hot dip metalizing process |
US4647308A (en) * | 1984-06-18 | 1987-03-03 | Copper Development Association, Inc. | Soldering compositions, fluxes and methods of use |
LU86339A1 (en) * | 1986-03-04 | 1987-11-11 | Foridienne Chimie N V | FLUORIDE-FREE FLOW COMPOSITIONS FOR HOT GALVANIZATION IN ALUMINUM ZINC BATHS |
US5437738A (en) * | 1994-06-21 | 1995-08-01 | Gerenrot; Yum | Fluxes for lead-free galvanizing |
-
1998
- 1998-03-26 FR FR9803757A patent/FR2776672B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-03-12 GB GB9905795A patent/GB2335663B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-03-17 BE BE9900186A patent/BE1013517A3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-03-19 TR TR1999/00625A patent/TR199900625A2/en unknown
- 1999-03-24 ES ES009900597A patent/ES2162725B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-03-25 IT IT1999TO000232A patent/IT1309081B1/en active
- 1999-03-25 DE DE19913531A patent/DE19913531A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-03-26 SE SE9901116D patent/SE9901116L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-03-26 SE SE9901116A patent/SE513833C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2343058A1 (en) * | 1976-03-05 | 1977-09-30 | Int Lead Zinc Res | PROCESS FOR PREPARING AND PREHEATING A FERROUS METAL OBJECT FOR GALVANIZATION |
JPS55107765A (en) * | 1979-02-15 | 1980-08-19 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Steel wire rod galvanizing method |
JPS6199664A (en) * | 1984-10-19 | 1986-05-17 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Coating method with zinc-aluminum alloy by hot dipping |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 004, no. 166 (C - 031) 18 November 1980 (1980-11-18) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 010, no. 280 (C - 374) 24 September 1986 (1986-09-24) * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2776672A1 (en) | 1999-10-01 |
IT1309081B1 (en) | 2002-01-16 |
GB2335663A (en) | 1999-09-29 |
SE513833C2 (en) | 2000-11-13 |
TR199900625A3 (en) | 1999-10-21 |
ES2162725A1 (en) | 2002-01-01 |
GB2335663B (en) | 2003-01-15 |
SE9901116D0 (en) | 1999-03-26 |
DE19913531A1 (en) | 1999-10-07 |
TR199900625A2 (en) | 1999-10-21 |
FR2776672B1 (en) | 2000-05-26 |
ITTO990232A1 (en) | 2000-09-25 |
ES2162725B2 (en) | 2003-03-01 |
SE9901116L (en) | 1999-09-27 |
GB9905795D0 (en) | 1999-05-05 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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RE | Patent lapsed |
Effective date: 20120331 |