AU2713999A - Modulators of protein tyrosine phosphatases - Google Patents

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WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 1 Modulators of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases FIELD OF INVENTION 5 The present invention provides novel compounds, novel compositions, methods of their use, and methods of their identification, where such compounds are pharma cologically useful inhibitors of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases (PTPases, PTPs) such as PTP1B, TC-PTP, CD45, SHP-1, SHP-2, PTP(x, PTPs, PTP4, PTP5, PTPa, PTP4, PTPP3, PTPD1, PTPD2, PTPH1, PTP-MEG1, PTP-LAR, and HePTP or ligands of 10 phosphotyrosine units. These compounds are indicated in the management or treatment of a broad range of diseases such as autoimmune diseases, acute and chronic inflammation, osteoporosis, various forms of cancer and malignant diseases, and type I diabetes and type II diabetes. 15 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the definition of in vivo activity of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) such as the following non-limiting examples PTPc, LAR, TC-PTP, SHP-1, SHP-2, PTP3, CD45, PTP1B, HePTP, it has been found that their unique activity 20 plays a major role in the intracellular modulation and regulation of fundamental cel lular signalling mechanisms involved in metabolism, growth, proliferation and differ entiation (Flint et al., The EMBO J. 12:1937-46,1993; Fischer et al, Science 253:401 6, 1991). Overexpression or altered activity of tyrosine phosphatases can also con tribute to the symptoms and progression of various diseases (Wiener, et al., J. Natl. 25 cancer inst. 86:372-8, 1994; Hunter and Cooper, Ann. Rev. Biochem, 54:897-930, 1985). Furthermore, there is increasing evidence which suggests that inhibition of these PTPases may help treat certain types of diseases such as diabetes, autoim mune disease, acute and chronic inflammation and various forms of cancer. 30 Protein phosphorylation is now well recognized as an important mechanism utilized by cells to transduce signals during different stages of cellular function (Fischer et al, Science 253:401-6 (1991); Flint et al., The EMBO J. 12:1937-46 (1993)). There are at least two major classes of phosphatases: (1) those that dephosphorylate proteins (or pepides) that contain a phosphate group(s) on a serine or threonine moiety WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 2 (termed Ser/Thr phosphatases) and (2) those that remove a phosphate group(s) from the amino acid tyrosine (termed protein tyrosine phosphatases or PTPases). The PTPases are a family of enzymes that can be classified into two groups: a) intra 5 cellular or nontransmembrane PTPases and b) receptor-type or transmembrane PTPases. Intracellular PTPases: Most known intracellular type PTPases contain a single con served catalytic phosphatase domain consisting of 220-240 amino acid residues. The 10 regions outside the PTPase domains are believed to play important roles in localizing the intracellular PTPases subcellularly (Mauro, L.J. and Dixon, J.E. TIBS 19:151-155 (1994)). The first intracellular PTPase to be purified and characterized was PTPIB which was isolated from human placenta (Tonks et al., J. Biol. Chem. 263: 6722-6730 (1988)). Shortly after, PTP1B was cloned (Charbonneau et aL., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 15 USA 86: 5252-5256 (1989); Chernoff et aL., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 2735-2789 (1989)). Other examples of intracellular PTPases include (1) T-cell PTPase (Cool et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86: 5257-5261 (1989)), (2) rat brain PTPase (Guan et aL., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:1501-1502 (1990)), (3) neuronal phosphatase STEP (Lombroso et aL., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 7242-7246 (1991)), (4) ezrin 20 domain containing PTPases: PTPMEG1 (Guet aL., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 5867-57871 (1991)), PTPH1 (Yang and Tonks, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 5949 5953 (1991)), PTPDI and PTPD2 (Moller et aL., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 7477 7481 (1994)), FAP-1/BAS (Sato et aL., Science 268: 411-415 (1995); Banville et aL., J. BioL. Chem. 269: 22320-22327 (1994); Maekawa et aL., FEBS Letters 337: 200-206 25 (1994)), and SH2 domain containing PTPases: PTP1CISH-PTPIl/SHP-1 (Plutzky et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:1123-1127 (1992); Shen et aL., Nature Lond. 352: 736-739 (1991)) and PTPIDISyplSH-PTP2/SHP-2 (Vogel et aL., Science 259:1611 1614 (1993); Feng etal., Science 259: 1607-1611 (1993); Bastein et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 196:124-133 (1993)). 30 Low molecular weight phosphotyrosine-protein phosphatase (LMW-PTPase) shows very little sequence identity to the intracellular PTPases described above. However, this enzyme belongs to the PTPase family due to the following characteristics: (i) it possesses the PTPase active site motif: Cys-Xxx-Xxx-Xxx-Xxx-Xxx-Arg (Cirri et al., WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 3 Eur. J. Biochem. 214: 647-657 (1993)); (ii) this Cys residue forms a phospho intermediate during the catalytic reaction similar to the situation with 'classical' PTPases (Cirri et al., supra; Chiarugi et al., FEBS Lett. 310: 9-12 (1992)); (iii) the overall folding of the molecule shows a surprising degree of similarity to that of PTP1B 5 and Yersinia PTP (Su et aL., Nature 370: 575-578 (1994)). Receptor-type PTPases consist of a) a putative ligand-binding extracellular domain, b) a transmembrane segment, and c) an intracellular catalytic region. The structures and sizes of the putative ligand-binding extracellular domains of receptor-type PTPases 10 are quite divergent. In contrast, the intracellular catalytic regions of receptor-type PTPases are very homologous to each other and to the intracellular PTPases. Most receptor-type PTPases have two tandemly duplicated catalytic PTPase domains. The first receptor-type PTPases to be identified were (1) CD45/LCA (Ralph, S.J., 15 EMBO J. 6:1251-1257 (1987)) and (2) LAR (Streuli et al., J. Exp. Med. 168:1523 1530 (1988)) that were recognized to belong to this class of enzymes based on ho mology to PTP1B (Charbonneau et aL., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86: 5252-5256 (1989)). CD45 is a family of high molecular weight glycoproteins and is one of the most abundant leukocyte cell surface glycoproteins and appears to be exclusively ex 20 pressed upon cells of the hematopoietic system (Trowbridge and Thomas, Ann. Rev. Immunol. 12: 85-116 (1994)). The identification of CD45 and LAR as members of the PTPase family was quickly followed by identification and cloning of several different members of the receptor-type 25 PTPase group. Thus, 5 different PTPases, (3) PTPca, (4) PTPI3, (5) PTPS, (6) PTPs, and (7) PTPC, were identified in one early study (Krueger et aL., EMBO J. 9: 3241 3252 (1990)). Other examples of receptor-type PTPases include (8) PTPy (Barnea et aL, Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:1497-1506 (1995)) which, like PTP( (Krueger and Saito, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 7417-7421 (1992)) contains a carbonic anhydrase-like do 30 main in the extracellular region, (9) PTPp (Gebbink et aL., FEBS Letters 290:123-130 (1991)), (10) PTPiK (Jiang et aL., Mol. Cell. Biol. 13: 2942-2951 (1993)). Based on structural differences the receptor-type PTPases may be classified into subtypes (Fischer et aL., Science 253: 401-406 (1991)): (I) CD45; (11) LAR, PTPS, (11) PTPo; (111) PTPP, (12) SAP-1 (Matozaki et aL., J. Bio. Chem. 269: 2075-2081 (1994)), (13) WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 4 PTP-U2/GLEPP1 (Seimiya et al., Oncogene 10:1731-1738 (1995); Thomas et al., J. Biol. Chem. 269:19953-19962 (1994)), and (14) DEP-1; (IV) PTPcPTPs. All re ceptor-type PTPases except Type III contain two PTPase domains. Novel PTPases are continuously identified, and it is anticipated that more than 500 different species 5 will be found in the human genome, i.e. close to the predicted size of the protein tyro sine kinase superfamily (Hanks and Hunter, FASEB J. 9: 576-596 (1995)). PTPases are the biological counterparts to protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs). There fore, one important function of PTPases is to control, down-regulate, the activity of 10 PTKs. However, a more complex picture of the function of PTPases now emerges. Several studies have shown that some PTPases may actually act as positive media tors of cellular signalling. As an example, the SH2 domain-containing SHP-2 seems to act as a positive mediator in insulin-stimulated Ras activation (Noguchi et aL., Mol Cell. Biol. 14: 6674-6682 (1994)) and of growth factor-induced mitogenic signal trans 15 duction (Xiao et aL., J. Biol. Chem. 269: 21244-21248 (1994)), whereas the homolo gous SHP-1 seems to act as a negative regulator of growth factor-stimulated prolif eration (Bignon and Siminovitch, Clin.lmmunol. Immunopathol. 73:168-179 (1994)). Another example of PTPases as positive regulators has been provided by studies de signed to define the activation of the Src-family of tyrosine kinases. In particular, sev 20 eral lines of evidence indicate that CD45 is positively regulating the activation of he matopoietic cells, possibly through dephosphorylation of the C-terminal tyrosine of Fyn and Lck (Chan et al., Annu. Rev. Immunol. 12: 555-592 (1994)). Dual specificity protein tyrosine phosphatases (dsPTPases) define a subclass within 25 the PTPases family that can hydrolyze phosphate from phosphortyrosine as well as from phosphor-serine/threonine. dsPTPases contain the signature sequence of PTPases: Cys-Xxx-Xxx-Xxx--Xxx-Xxx-Arg. At least three dsPTPases have been shown to dephosphorylate and inactivate extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERKs)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK): MAPK phosphatase (CL100, 30 3CH134) (Charles et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 5292-5296 (1993)); PAC-1 (Ward et al., Nature 367: 651-654 (1994)); rVH6 (Mourey et al., J. Biol. Chem. 271: 3795-3802 (1996)). Transcription of dsPTPases are induced by different stimuli, e.g. oxidative stress or heat shock (Ishibashi et al., J. Biol. Chem. 269: 29897-29902 (1994); Keyse and Emslie, Nature 359: 644-647 (1992)). Further, they may be in- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 5 volved in regulation of the cell cycle: cdc25 (Millar and Russell, Cell 68: 407-410 (1992)); KAP (Hannon et aL., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:1731-1735 (1994)). In terestingly, tyrosine dephosphorylation of cdc2 by a dual specific phosphatase, cdc25, is required for induction of mitosis in yeast (review by Walton and Dixon, Annu. Rev. 5 Biochem. 62:101-120 (1993)). PTPases were originally identified and purified from cell and tissue lysates using a variety of artificial substrates and therefore their natural function of dephosphoryla tion was not well known. Since tyrosine phosphorylation by tyrosine kinases is usu 10 ally associated with cell proliferation, cell transformation and cell differentiation, it was assumed that PTPases were also associated with these events. This associa tion has now been proven to be the case with many PTPases. PTP1B, a phos phatase whose structure was recently elucidated (Barford et al., Science 263:1397 1404 (1994)) has been shown to be involved in insulin-induced oocyte maturation 15 (Flint et al., The EMBO J. 12:1937-46 (1993)) and recently it has been suggested c-erb B2 that the overexpression of this enzyme may be involved in p185 -associated breast and ovarian cancers (Wiener, et al., J. Natl. cancer Inst. 86:372-8 (1994); Weiner et al., Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 170:1177-883 (1994)). The insulin-induced oocyte maturation mechanism has been correlated with the ability of PTP1B to block 20 activation of S6 kinase. The association with cancer is recent evidence which sug gests that overexpression of PTP1B is statistically correlated with increased levels of p1 8 5 c-erb B2 in ovarian and breast cancer. The role of PTP1B in the etiology and pro gression of the disease has not yet been elucidated. Inhibitors of PTP1B may therefore help clarify the role of PTP1B in cancer and in some cases provide thera 25 peutic treatment for certain forms of cancer. The activity of a number of other newly discussed phosphatases are currently under investigation. Two of these: SHP-1 and Syp/PTP1D/SHPTP2/PTP2C/SHP-2 have recently been implicated in the activation of Platelet Derived Growth Factor and Epi 30 dermal Growth Factor induced responses (Li et al., Mole. Cell. Biol. 14:509-17 (1994)). Since both growth factors are involved in normal cell processing as well as disease states such as cancer and arteriosclerosis, it is hypothesized that inhibitors of these phosphatases would also show therapeutic efficacy. Accordingly, the com- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 6 pounds of the present invention, which exhibit inhibitory activity against various PTPases, are indicated in the treatment or management of the foregoing diseases. PTPases: the insulin receptor signalling pathway/diabetes 5 Insulin is an important regulator of different metabolic processes and plays a key role in the control of blood glucose. Defects related to its synthesis or signalling lead to diabetes mellitus. Binding of insulin to its receptor causes rapid (auto)phosphorylation of several tyrosine residues in the intracellular part of the b-subunit. Three closely po 10 sitioned tyrosine residues (the tyrosine-1150 domain) must all be phosphorylated to obtain full activity of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase (IRTK) which transmits the signal further downstream by tyrosine phosphorylation of other cellular substrates, in cluding insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) (Wilden et aL., J. Biol. Chem. 267: 16660 16668 (1992); Myers and White, Diabetes 42: 643-650 (1993); Lee and Pilch, Am. J. 15 Physio/. 266: C319-C334 (1994); White et aL., J. BioL. Chem. 263: 2969-2980 (1988)). The structural basis for the function of the tyrosine-triplet has been provided by recent X-ray crystallographic studies of IRTK that showed tyrosine-1150 to be autoinhibitory in its unphosphorylated state (Hubbard et aL., Nature 372: 746-754 (1994)). 20 Several studies clearly indicate that the activity of the auto-phosphorylated IRTK can be reversed by dephosphorylation in vitro (reviewed in Goldstein, Receptor 3:1-15 (1993); Mooney and Anderson, J. BioL. Chem. 264: 6850-6857 (1989)), with the tri phosphorylated tyrosine-1150 domain being the most sensitive target for protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) as compared to the di- and mono- phosphorylated 25 forms (King et aL., Biochem. J. 275: 413-418 (1991)). It is, therefore, tempting to speculate that this tyrosine-triplet functions as a control switch of IRTK activity. In deed, the IRTK appears to be tightly regulated by PTP-mediated dephosphorylation in vivo (Khan et aL., J. Biol. Chem. 264:12931-12940 (1989); Faure et aL., J. BioL. Chem. 267:11215-11221 (1992); Rothenberg et aL., J. Biol. Chem. 266: 8302-8311 (1991)). 30 The intimate coupling of PTPases to the insulin signalling pathway is further evi denced by the finding that insulin differentially regulates PTPase activity in rat hepa toma cells (Meyerovitch et aL., Biochemistry 31: 10338-10344 (1992)) and in livers from alloxan diabetic rats (Boylan et al., J. Clin. Invest. 90:174-179 (1992)).

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 7 Relatively little is known about the identity of the PTPases involved in IRTK regulation. However, the existence of PTPases with activity towards the insulin receptor can be demonstrated as indicated above. Further, when the strong PTPase-inhibitor perva nadate is added to whole cells an almost full insulin response can be obtained in adi 5 pocytes (Fantus et aL., Biochemistry 28: 8864-8871 (1989); Eriksson et al., Diabetolo gia 39: 235-242 (1995)) and skeletal muscle (Leighton et al., Biochem. J. 276: 289 292 (1991)). In addition, recent studies show that a new class of peroxovanadium compounds act as potent hypoglycemic compounds in vivo (Posner et al.,supra). Two of these compounds were demonstrated to be more potent inhibitors of dephospho 10 rylation of the insulin receptor than of the EGF-receptor. It was recently found that the ubiquitously expressed SH2 domain containing PTPase, SHP-2 (Vogel et al., 1993, supra), associates with and dephosphorylates IRS-1, but apparently not the IR itself (Kuhn6 et al., J. Biol. Chem. 268:11479-11481 (1993); 15 (Kuhne et aL., J. Biol. Chem. 269:15833-15837 (1994)). Previous studies suggest that the PTPases responsible for IRTK regulation belong to the class of membrane-associated (Faure et al., J. Biol. Chem. 267:11215-11221 (1992)) and glycosylated molecules (Hiring et al., Biochemistry 23: 3298-3306 (1984); Sale, Adv. Prot. Phosphatases 6:159-186 (1991)). Hashimoto et al. have pro 20 posed that LAR might play a role in the physiological regulation of insulin receptors in intact cells (Hashimoto et al., J. Biol. Chem. 267:13811-13814 (1992)). Their conclu sion was reached by comparing the rate of dephosphorylation/inactivation of purified IR using recombinant PTP1B as well as the cytoplasmic domains of LAR and PTPa. Antisense inhibition was recently used to study the effect of LAR on insulin signalling 25 in a rat hepatoma cell line (Kulas et aL., J. Biol. Chem. 270: 2435-2438 (1995)). A suppression of LAR protein levels by about 60 percent was paralleled by an approxi mately 150 percent increase in insulin-induced auto-phosphorylation. However, only a modest 35 percent increase in IRTK activity was observed, whereas the insulin dependent phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) activity was significantly in 30 creased by 350 percent. Reduced LAR levels did not alter the basal level of IRTK ty rosine phosphorylation or activity. The authors speculate that LAR could specifically dephosphorylate tyrosine residues that are critical for PI 3-kinase activation either on the insulin receptor itself or on a downstream substrate.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 8 While previous reports indicate a role of PTPa in signal transduction through src acti vation (Zheng et aL, Nature 359: 336-339 (1992); den Hertog et aL., EMBO J. 12: 3789-3798 (1993)) and interaction with GRB-2 (den Hertog et aL., EMBO J. 13: 3020 3032 (1994); Su et aL., J. Biol. Chem. 269:18731-18734 (1994)), a recent study sug 5 gests a function for this phosphatase and its close relative PTPs as negative regula tors of the insulin receptor signal (Moller et aL., 1995 supra). This study also indicates that receptor-like PTPases play a significant role in regulating the IRTK, whereas in tracellular PTPases seem to have little, if any, activity towards the insulin receptor. While it appears that the target of the negative regulatory activity of PTPases ca and a 10 is the receptor itself, the downmodulating effect of the intracellular TC-PTP seems to be due to a downstream function in the IR-activated signal. Although PTP1B and TC PTP are closely related, PTP1B had only little influence on the phosphorylation pat tern of insulin-treated cells. Both PTPases have distinct structural features that deter mine their subcellular localization and thereby their access to defined cellular sub 15 strates (Frangione et aL., Cell 68: 545-560 (1992); Faure and Posner, Glia 9: 311-314 (1993)). Therefore, the lack of activity of PTP1B and TC-PTP towards the IRTK may, at least in part, be explained by the fact that they do not co-localize with the activated insulin receptor. In support of this view, PTP1B and TC-PTP have been excluded as candidates for the IR-associated PTPases in hepatocytes based on subcellular local 20 ization studies (Faure et aL., J. BioL. Chem. 267: 11215-11221 (1992)). The transmembrane PTPase CD45, which is believed to be hematopoietic cell specific, was in a recent study found to negatively regulate the insulin receptor tyro sine kinase in the human multiple myeloma cell line U266 (Kulas et al., J. Biol. Chem. 25 271: 755-760 (1996)). Knock-out (K.O.) mice have been useful in elucidating the importance of specific genes in a number of cases. From the results presented above, it would be expected that in particular LAR K.O. mice, PTPa K.O. mice and PTP1B K.O. mice, respectively, could 30 provide important information in relation to insulin signaling. Two groups have gener ated LAR K.O. mice (Schaapveld at al., Developmental Biology 188:134-146 (1997); Skarnes et al., Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A. 92:6592-6596 (1995)). Goldstein and co workers analyzed the LAR K.O. mice from Skarnes et al. (supra) and claimed that these mice exhibited profound defects in glucose-homeostasis and (Ren et al., Diabe- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 9 tes 47:493-497 (1998)). However, the control mice in this study were of a different ge netic background than the K.O. mice. Other studies - using the LAR K.O. mice gener ated by Schaapveld et al. (supra) - did not confirm the results obtained by Ren et al. (supra) (A. R. Sorensen et al., Diabetologia 40 (Suppl 1):556-556 (1997)). 5 In a recent thorough study, PTP1B K.O. mice (i.e. PTP1B -/- mice) were compared with +/+ and +/- mice of the same genetic background (Elchebly et al., Sci ence 283:1544-1548 (1999)). In this latter study (Elcheby et al., supra), it was found that disruption of the gene encoding the PTP1B yielded healthy mice that - in the fed state - had blood glucose levels that were slightly lower and concentrations of insulin 10 that were about % of those found in their PTP1B+/+ littermates. Further, both insulin and glucose tolerance tests showed enhanced insulin sensitivity in the PTP K.O. mice. On a high-fat diet, PTP1 B-/- and PTP1 B-/+ mice were resistant to weight gain and remained insulin sensitive - in contrast to the PTP1B +/+ mice that rapidly gained weight and became insulin resistant. Analysis of the levels of tyrosine phosphorylation 15 of the insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) showed increased phosphorylation of these proteins in PTP1B -/- mice (liver and muscle) in comparison with the PTP1B +/+ mice. All of these findings are in accordance with the notion that PTP1B is likely to play a major role as negative regulator of the insulin receptor sig naling pathway - and in contrast to the above-mentioned in vitro studies. The authors 20 conclude that 'these results make PTP-1B a potential therapeutic target for treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity' (Elcheby et al., supra). PTPases: somatostatin 25 Somatostatin inhibits several biological functions including cellular proliferation (Lamberts et al., Molec. Endocrinol. 8:1289-1297 (1994)). While part of the antiprolif erative activities of somatostatin are secondary to its inhibition of hormone and growth factor secretion (e.g. growth hormone and epidermal growth factor), other antiprolif erative effects of somatostatin are due to a direct effect on the target cells. As an ex 30 ample, somatostatin analogs inhibit the growth of pancreatic cancer presumably via stimulation of a single PTPase, or a subset of PTPases, rather than a general activa tion of PTPase levels in the cells (Liebow et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86: 2003 2007 (1989); Colas et aL., Eur. J. Biochem. 207:1017-1024 (1992)). In a recent study it was found that somatostatin stimulation of somatostatin receptors SSTR1, but not WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 10 SSTR2, stably expressed in CHO-K1 cells can stimulate PTPase activity and that this stimulation is pertussis toxin-sensitive. Whether the inhibitory effect of somatostatin on hormone and growth factor secretion is caused by a similar stimulation of PTPase ac tivity in hormone producing cells remains to be determined. 5 PTPases: the immune system/autoimmunity Several studies suggest that the receptor-type PTPase CD45 plays a critical role not only for initiation of T cell activation, but also for maintaining the T cell receptor 10 mediated signalling cascade. These studies are reviewed in: (Weiss A., Ann. Rev. Genet. 25: 487-510 (1991); Chan et al., Annu. Rev. Immunol. 12: 555-592 (1994); Trowbridge and Thomas, Annu. Rev. Immunol. 12: 85-116 (1994)). CD45 is one of the most abundant of the cell surface glycoproteins and is ex pressed exclusively on hemopoetic cells. In T cells, it has been shown that CD45 is 15 one of the critical components of the signal transduction machinery of lymphocytes. In particular, evidence has suggested that CD45 phosphatase plays a pivotal role in antigen-stimulated proliferation of T lymphocytes after an antigen has bound to the T cell receptor (Trowbridge, Ann. Rev. Immunol, 12:85-116 (1994)). Several studies suggest that the PTPase activity of CD45 plays a role in the activation of Lck, a 20 lymphocyte-specific member of the Src family protein-tyrosine kinase (Mustelin etal., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86: 6302-6306 (1989); Ostergaard et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86: 8959-8963 (1989)). These authors hypothesized that the phosphatase activity of CD45 activates Lck by dephosphorylation of a C-terminal ty rosine residue, which may, in turn, be related to T-cell activation. In a recent study it 25 was found that recombinant p561ck specifically associates with recombinant CD45 cytoplasmic domain protein, but not to the cytoplasmic domain of the related PTPaa (Ng et al., J. Biol. Chem. 271:1295-1300 (1996)). The p561ck-CD45 interaction seems to be mediated via a nonconventional SH2 domain interaction not requiring phosphotyrosine. In immature B cells, another member of the Src family protein 30 tyrosine kinases, Fyn, seems to be a selective substrate for CD45 compared to Lck and Syk (Katagiri et al., J. Biol. Chem. 270: 27987-27990 (1995)). Studies using transgenic mice with a mutation for the CD45-exon6 exhibited lacked mature T cells. These mice did not respond to an antigenic challenge with the typi- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 11 cal T cell mediated response (Kishihara et al., Cell 74:143-56 (1993)). Inhibitors of CD45 phosphatase would therefore be very effective therapeutic agents in condi tions that are associated with autoimmune disease. 5 CD45 has also been shown to be essential for the antibody mediated degranulation of mast cells (Berger et al., J. Exp. Med. 180:471-6 (1994)). These studies were also done with mice that were CD45-deficient. In this case, an IgE-mediated de granulation was demonstrated in wild type but not CD45-deficient T cells from mice. These data suggest that CD45 inhibitors could also play a role in the symptomatic 10 or therapeutic treatment of allergic disorders. Another recently discovered PTPase, an inducible lymphoid-specific protein tyrosine phosphatase (HePTP) has also been implicated in the immune response. This phosphatase is expressed in both resting T and B lymphocytes, but not non 15 hemopoetic cells. Upon stimulation of these cells, mRNA levels from the HePTP gene increase 10-15 fold (Zanke et al., Eur. J. Immunol. 22:235-239 (1992)). In both T and B cells HePTP may function during sustained stimulation to modulate the immune response through dephosphorylation of specific residues. Its exact role, however remains to be defined. 20 Likewise, the hematopoietic cell specific SHP-1 seems to act as a negative regula tor and play an essential role in hematopoietic cell development. Thus, SHP-1 plays a significant role in regulating the erythropoietin signalling pathway, which is en hanced in mice lacking intact SHP-1 (Schultz et al. Cell 73: 1445-1454. In accor 25 dance with the above-mentioned important function of CD45, HePTP and SHP-1, selective PTPase inhibitors may be attractive drug candidates both as immunosup pressors and as immunostimulants as well as inhibitors and stimulants of the he matopoietic system. One recent study illustrates the potential of PTPase inhibitors as immunmodulators by demonstrating the capacity of the vanadium-based PTPase 30 inhibitor, BMLOV, to induce apparent B cell selective apoptosis compared to T cells (Schieven et al., J. BioL. Chem. 270: 20824-20831 (1995)).

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 12 PTPases: cell-cell interactions/cancer Focal adhesion plaques, an in vitro phenomenon in which specific contact points are formed when fibroblasts grow on appropriate substrates, seem to mimic, at least in 5 part, cells and their natural surroundings. Several focal adhesion proteins are phos phorylated on tyrosine residues when fibroblasts adhere to and spread on extracellu lar matrix (Gumbiner, Neuron 11, 551-564 (1993)). However, aberrant tyrosine phos phorylation of these proteins can lead to cellular transformation. The intimate associa tion between PTPases and focal adhesions is supported by the finding of several in 10 tracellular PTPases with ezrin-like N-terminal domains, e.g. PTPMEG1 (Gu et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 5867-5871 (1991)), PTPH1 (Yang and Tonks, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 5949-5953 (1991)) and PTPD1 (Moller et aL., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 7477-7481 (1994)). The ezrin-like domain show similarity to sev eral proteins that are believed to act as links between the cell membrane and the cy 15 toskeleton. PTPD1 was found to be phosphorylated by and associated with c-src in vitro and is hypothesized to be involved in the regulation of phosphorylation of focal adhesions (Moller et aL., supra). PTPases may oppose the action of tyrosine kinases, including those responsible for 20 phosphorylation of focal adhesion proteins, and may therefore function as natural in hibitors of transformation. TC-PTP, and especially the truncated form of this enzyme (Cool et aL., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 7280-7284 (1990)), can inhibit the trans forming activity of v-erb and v-fms (Lammers et aL., J. Biol. Chem. 268: 22456-22462 (1993); Zander et aL., Oncogene 8:1175-1182 (1993)). Moreover, it was found that 25 transformation by the oncogenic form of the HER2/neu gene was suppressed in NIH 3T3 fribroblasts overexpressing PTP1B (Brown-Shimer et aL., Cancer Res. 52: 478 482 (1992)). The expression level of PTP1B was found to be increased in a mammary cell line 30 transformed with neu (Zhay et aL., Cancer Res. 53: 2272-2278 (1993)). The intimate relationship between tyrosine kinases and PTPases in the development of cancer is further evidenced by the recent finding that PTPs is highly expressed in murine mam mary tumors in transgenic mice over-expressing c-neu and v-Ha-ras, but not c-myc or int-2 (Elson and Leder, J. Biol. Chem. 270: 26116-26122 (1995)). Further, the human WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 13 gene encoding PTPg was mapped to 3p21, a chromosomal region which is frequently deleted in renal and lung carcinomas (LaForgia et aL., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 5036-5040 (1991)). 5 In this context, it seems significant that PTPases appear to be involved in controlling the growth of fibroblasts. In a recent study it was found that Swiss 3T3 cells harvested at high density contain a membrane-associated PTPase whose activity on an average is 8-fold higher than that of cells harvested at low or medium density (Pallen and Tong, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 6996-7000 (1991)). It was hypothesized by the 10 authors that density-dependent inhibition of cell growth involves the regulated eleva tion of the activity of the PTPase(s) in question. In accordance with this view, a novel membrane-bound, receptor-type PTPase, DEP-1, showed enhanced (>=10-fold) ex pression levels with increasing cell density of WI-38 human embryonic lung fibroblasts and in the AG1518 fibroblast cell line (Ostman et aL., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 15 9680-9684 (1994)). Two closely related receptor-type PTPases, PTPc and PTPp, can mediate homophilic cell-cell interaction when expressed in non-adherent insect cells, suggesting that these PTPases might have a normal physiological function in cell-to-cell signalling 20 (Gebbink et aL., J. Biol. Chem. 268:16101-16104 (1993); Brady-Kalnay et aL., J. Cell BioL. 122: 961-972 (1993); Sap et aL., MoL. Cell. BioL. 14:1-9 (1994)). Interestingly, PTPk and PTPp do not interact with each other, despite their structural similarity (Zondag et aL., J. Biol. Chem. 270:14247-14250 (1995)). From the studies described above it is apparent that PTPases may play an important role in regulating normal cell 25 growth. However, as pointed out above, recent studies indicate that PTPases may also function as positive mediators of intracellular signalling and thereby induce or en hance mitogenic responses. Increased activity of certain PTPases might therefore re sult in cellular transformation and tumor formation. Indeed, in one study over expression of PTPa was found to lead to transformation of rat embryo fibroblasts 30 (Zheng, supra). In addition, a novel PTP, SAP-1, was found to be highly expressed in pancreatic and colorectal cancer cells. SAP-1 is mapped to chromosome 19 region q13.4 and might be related to carcinoembryonic antigen mapped to 19q13.2 (Uchida et aL., J. BioL. Chem. 269:12220-12228 (1994)). Further, the dsPTPase, cdc25, dephosphorylates cdc2 at Thrl 4/Tyr-15 and thereby functions as positive regulator of WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 14 mitosis (reviewed by Hunter, Cell 80: 225-236 (1995)). Inhibitors of specific PTPases are therefore likely to be of significant therapeutic value in the treatment of certain forms of cancer. 5 PTPases: platelet aggregation Recent studies indicate that PTPases are centrally involved in platelet aggregation. Agonist-induced platelet activation results in calpain-catalyzed cleavage of PTP1B with a concomitant 2-fold stimulation of PTPase activity (Frangioni et al., EMBO J. 12: 10 4843-4856 (1993)). The cleavage of PTP1B leads to subcellular relocation of the en zyme and correlates with the transition from reversible to irreversible platelet aggrega tion in platelet-rich plasma. In addition, the SH2 domain containing PTPase, SHP 1/SH-PTP1, was found to translocate to the cytoskeleton in platelets after thrombin stimulation in an aggregation-dependent manner (Li et al., FEBS Lett. 343: 89-93 15 (1994)). Although some details in the above two studies were recently questioned there is over-all agreement that PTP1B and SHP-1 play significant functional roles in platelet aggregation (Ezumi et al., J. Biol. Chem. 270:11927-11934 (1995)). In accordance 20 with these observations, treatment of platelets with the PTPase inhibitor pervanadate leads to significant increase in tyrosine phosphorylation, secretion and aggregation (Pumiglia et al., Biochem. J. 286:441-449 (1992)). PTPases: osteoporosis 25 The rate of bone formation is determined by the number and the activity of os teoblasts, which in term are determined by the rate of proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast progenitor cells, respectively. Histomorphometric studies indicate that the osteoblast number is the primary determinant of the rate of bone formation in hu 30 mans (Gruber et al., Mineral Electrolyte Metab. 12: 246-254 (1987); reviewed in Lau et aL., Biochem. J. 257: 23-36 (1989)). Acid phosphatases/PTPases may be involved in negative regulation of osteoblast proliferation. Thus, fluoride, which has phos phatase inhibitory activity, has been found to increase spinal bone density in osteopo rotics by increasing osteoblast proliferation (Lau et al., supra). Consistent with this ob- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 15 servation, an osteoblastic acid phosphatase with PTPase activity was found to be highly sensitive to mitogenic concentrations of fluoride (Lau et al., J. Bio/. Chem. 260: 4653-4660 (1985); Lau et al., J. Biol. Chem. 262:1389-1397 (1987); Lau et aL., Adv. Protein Phosphatases 4:165-198 (1987)). Interestingly, it was recently found that the 5 level of membrane-bound PTPase activity was increased dramatically when the os teoblast-like cell line UMR 106.06 was grown on collagen type-I matrix compared to uncoated tissue culture plates. Since a significant increase in PTPase activity was ob served in density-dependent growth arrested fibroblasts (Pallen and Tong, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 88: 6996-7000 (1991)), it might be speculated that the increased PTPase 10 activity directly inhibits cell growth. The mitogenic action of fluoride and other phos phatase inhibitors (molybdate and vanadate) may thus be explained by their inhibition of acid phosphatases/PTPases that negatively regulate the cell proliferation of os teoblasts. The complex nature of the involvement of PTPases in bone formation is further suggested by the recent identification of a novel parathyroid regulated, recep 15 tor-like PTPase, OST-PTP, expressed in bone and testis (Mauro et al., J. Bio/. Chem. 269: 30659-30667 (1994)). OST-PTP is up-regulated following differentiation and ma trix formation of primary osteoblasts and subsequently down-regulated in the os teoblasts which are actively mineralizing bone in culture. It may be hypothesized that PTPase inhibitors may prevent differentiation via inhibition of OST-PTP or other 20 PTPases thereby leading to continued proliferation. This would be in agreement with the above-mentioned effects of fluoride and the observation that the tyrosine phos phatase inhibitor orthovanadate appears to enhance osteoblast proliferation and ma trix formation (Lau et aL., Endocrinology 116: 2463-2468 (1988)). In addition, it was re cently observed that vanadate, vanadyl and pervanadate all increased the growth of 25 the osteoblast-like cell line UMR106. Vanadyl and pervanadate were stronger stimu lators of cell growth than vanadate. Only vanadate was able to regulate the cell differ entiation as measured by cell alkaline phosphatase activity (Cortizo et aL., MoL. Cell. Biochem. 145: 97-102 (1995)). 30 PTPases: microorganisms Dixon and coworkers have called attention to the fact that PTPases may be a key ele ment in the pathogenic properties of Yersinia (reviewed in Clemens et al. Molecular Microbiology 5: 2617-2620 (1991)). This finding was rather surprising since tyrosine WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 16 phosphate is thought to be absent in bacteria. The genus Yersinia comprises 3 spe cies: Y pestis (responsible for the bubonic plague), Y. pseudoturberculosis and Y en terocolitica (causing enteritis and mesenteric lymphadenitis). Interestingly, a dual specificity phosphatase, VH1, has been identified in Vaccinia virus (Guan et aL, Nature 5 350: 359-263 (1991)). These observations indicate that PTPases may play critical roles in microbial and parasitic infections, and they further point to PTPase inhibitors as a novel, putative treatment principle of infectious diseases. 10 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION As described above, PTPases are essential elements in a variety of cellular signal ling processes. Inhibitors or modulators of these enzymes, or a given subset of PTPases, or even one specific PTPase, are therefore attractive drug candidates. However, until now only a limited set of inhibitors has been reported in the literature. 15 Some of the most potent inhibitors are analogs of tyrosine-phosphorylated peptides and therefore not suitable candidates for oral use. I. Vanadate and Pervanadate. Vanadate and pervanadate/peroxovanadium com pounds induce insulin-like effects in cells and animals. A few anecdotal, clinical 20 studies with formulas of vanadate have shown positive effects in humans with type II diabetes. The mechanism of action at the cellular level is believed to be via inhibition of PTPases. Pervanadate (the complexes of vanadate and hydrogen peroxide) were recently found to be an irreversible inhibitor of PTPases via oxidation of the active site catalytic cysteine (Huyer et al., J. Biol. Chem. 272: 843-851 (1997)). Further, the 25 effects are very sensitive to the assay constituents such as EDTA and reducing agents (e.g. dithiothreitol, DTT). It should be noted that vanadate and peroxovana dium-based compounds inhibit a broad range of PTPases. It conceivable that the mechanism of action, i.e. oxidation of the active site cysteine, will cause substantial problems when attempting to develop compounds that selectively inhibit specific 30 PTPases. Further, the toxic effects of vanadate, pervanadate and peroxovanadium based inhibitors will likely prevent their use for treatment of chronic diseases such as diabetes.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 17 II. Bisphosphonates. Bisphosphonates have been successfully used as therapeutic agents for treatment of bone disorders such as osteoporosis and Paget's disease. Bisphosphonates inhibits osteoclast resorption which results in reduced bone turn over and a net gain in bone mineral density (for review, see Rodan and Fleisch, J. 5 Clin. Invest. 97: 2692-2696 (1996)). It is currently believed that the mechanism of action at the cellular level is via bisphosphonates' inhibitory activity against PTPases (in the osteoclasts) (Skorey et al., J. Biol. Chem. 272: 22472-22480 (1997); Opas et al., Biochemical Pharmacology 54: 721-727 (1997)). However, the inhibitory effect of alendronate was found to be very sensitive to assay constituents such as EDTA and 10 DTT). Further, it was shown that the inhibition is time dependent. The mechanism of action at the biochemical level was recently shown to be via oxidation of the catalytic cysteine in the active site (Skorey et al., vide supra). It should be noted that bisphos phonates inhibit a broad range of PTPases. It is conceivable that the mechanism of action, i.e. oxidation of the active site cysteine, will cause substantial problems when 15 attempting to develop bisphosphonate-based compounds that selectively inhibit spe cific PTPases. II. Gold compounds. it was recently shown that disodium aurothiomalate (AuTM), which been successfully used in the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory dis 20 orders, act as an inhibitor of PTPases (Wang et al, Biochemical Pharmacology 54:703-711 (1997)). However, AuTM appears to inhibit PTPases via its interaction with the active site nucleophilic cysteine in these enzymes. Dithiothreitol can prevent or almost completely prevent this inhibition, which is in contrast to compounds of the present invention. As for the bisphosphonates, substantial problems are likely to 25 arise if the gold compounds were to be used to develop selective inhibitors. The inhibitors described above are non-selective. Some of the observed toxic effects or side effects are likely to be caused, at least in part, by their lack of selectivity. 30 Thus, there is a strong need for a non-peptide, general, competitive or mixed-type, reversible classical PTPase inhibitor or compounds, which can be used for further optimization to potent and selective inhibitors.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 18 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING Figure 1. Steady State Enzyme Kinetic Analysis. PTP1B was incubated in 96 well plates with different concentrations of the substrate, para-nitrophenyl phosphate 5 (pNPP), and the inhibitor, 2-(oxalylamino)benzoic acid: 0, 7.4, 22.2, 66.7 and 200 PM - final assay concentration). Buffer: 100 mM sodium acetate pH 5.5, 50 mM NaCI, 5 mM dithiothreitol, 0.1 % (w/v) bovine serum albumin. Incubation time: 45 minutes; temperature: 250C. Sodium hydroxide was added and the absorbance read at 405 nm. (A) Michaelis Menten Plots; (B) plot of the apparent Km values relative to the 10 concentration of the inhibitor; (C) plot of the apparent Vmax relative to the concen tration of the inhibitor. For further details, see the section DEFINITIONS. Exp.no. 1230-5. Figure 2. Steady State Enzyme Kinetic Analysis. Conditions as in Figure 2, except 15 that the buffer was (final assay concentration): 100 mM sodium acetate pH 5.5, 50 mM NaCI, 5 mM glutathione, 1 mM EDTA, and 0.1 % bovine serum albumin. Incuba tion time: 60 mins. Exp. 1167-3 Figure 3. Time course experiments. (A) PTP1B was incubated in 96 well plates at 20 room temperature with 2.5 mM para-nitrophenol phosphate (pNPP) in a buffer con taining. The compound, 2-(oxalylamino)benzoic acid, was added at final assay con centrations of 250, 125 and 62.5 pM. The reaction was started by addition of the en zyme, and the stopped at the indicated time intervals by addition of NaOH. The ab sorbance at 405 nm was finally measured in all wells. (B) As in (A), except that 25 EDTA was added to a final concentration of 1 mM. Figure 4. Steady State Enzyme Kinetic Analysis. PTP1B was incubated in 96 well plates with different concentrations of the substrate, para-nitrophenyl phosphate, and the inhibitor, 3 -(oxalyl-amino)naphthalene-2-carboxylic acid : 0, 3.7, 11.1, 33.3 and 30 100 pM - final assay concentration). Buffer (final assay concentration): 100 mM so dium acetate pH 5.5, 50 mM NaCI, 5 mM glutathione, 1 mM EDTA, and 0.1 % bovine serum albumin. Incubation time:60 mins.; temperature: 25 oC. Sodium hydroxide was added and the absorbance read at 405 nm. (A) Michaelis Menten Plots; (B) plot of the apparent Km values relative to the concentration of the inhibitor; (C) plot of the WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 19 apparent Vmax relative to the concentration of the inhibitor. For further details, see the section DEFINITIONS. Figure 5. Steady State Enzyme Kinetic Analysis. PTP1B was incubated in 96 well 5 plates with different concentrations of the substrate, para-nitrophenyl phosphate, and the inhibitor, 2-(oxalyl-amino)-4,5,6, 7 -tetrahydro-benzo[b]thiophene-3-carboxylic acid: 0, 18.5, 55.6, 166.7 and 500 1 iM - final assay concentration). Buffer (final assay concentration): 100 mM sodium acetate pH 5.5, 50 mM NaCI, 5 mM dithiothreitol, 0.1 % (w/v) bovine serum albumin. Incubation time:60 mins.; temperature: 25 'C. So 10 dium hydroxide was added and the absorbance read at 405 nm. (A) Michaelis Men ten Plots; (B) plot of the apparent Km values relative to the concentration of the in hibitor; (C) plot of the apparent Vmax relative to the concentration of the inhibitor. For further details, see the section DEFINITIONS. 15 Figure 6. Steady State Enzyme Kinetic Analysis. (A) Michaelis Menten Plots. PTPa was incubated in 96 well plates with different concentrations of the substrate, para-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP), and the inhibitor, 5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro isoindo- 2 -ylmethyl)-2-(oxalyl~-amino)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid: 0, 7.4, 22.2, 66.7 and 200 pM - final assay concentrations. Buffer (final assay 20 concentration): 100 mM sodium acetate pH 5.5, 50 mM NaCI, 5 mM glutathione, 1 mM EDTA, and 0.1 % bovine serum albumin. Reaction temperature: 25 oC. After 60 minutes, 10 .tl of a 0.5 M sodium hydroxide solution (in 50 percent (vol/vol) ethanol) was added to each well and the absorbance was read at 405 nm. (B) Michaelis Menten Plots. PTP(x was incubated in 96 well plates with different concentrations of 25 the substrate, para-nitrophenyl phosphate, and the inhibitor, 5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3 dihydro-isoindol2-ylmethyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-4,7-dihydros-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3 carboxylic acid: 0, 37, 111.1, 333.3 and 1000 pM - final assay concentrations. Buffer (final assay concentration): 50 mM HEPES pH 7.0, 100 mM NaCI, 5 mM glutathione, 1 mM EDTA, and 0.1 % bovine serum albumin. Reaction temperature: 25 'C. After 30 60 minutes, 20 p1l of a 0.5 M sodium hydroxide solution (in 50 percent (vol/vol) etha nol) was added to each well and the absorbance was read at 405 nm. For further details, see the section DEFINITIONS.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 20 Figure 7. Homology Tree Based on Multiple Sequence Alignments of PTPase Do main I DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 5 A high throughput screening scintillation proximity assay (SPA - Amersham) was de veloped using PTP1B and a synthetic, biotinylated, 3 3 P-phosphorylated peptide as substrate. This peptide substrate, which corresponds to the activation loop of the in sulin receptor kinase, i.e. Thr-Arg-Asp-Ile-Tyr-Glu-Thr-Asp-Tyr-Tyr-Arg-Lys-NH2, was 10 33 P-phosphorylated on tyrosine residues using the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase. A compound library was screened and a number of hits identified. Surprisingly, one of these hits, oxalyl-amino benzoic acid proved to act as a classical, competitive, re versible active site-directed inhibitor (see below). 2 -(Oxalyl-amino)benzoic acid was first described by (Friedlaender et al. Chem. Ber., 14, 1921 (1881)). However, de 15 spite that this compound has been known for decades there are no reports indicating any PTPase inhibitory activity. First we analyzed the mode of inhibition of 2 -(oxalyl-amino)benzoic acid and ana logues thereof using classical steady-state enzyme kinetic methodology as described 20 in R. A. Copeland, Enzymes - A Practical Introduction to Structure, Mechanism and Data Analysis, VCH Publishers, Inc., New York, 1996 (Figure 1). The illustrations are not intended in any way to limit the scope of the invention. In particular, it is not the intention to limit the scope of the invention to inhibitors that do not show any time dependence. Likewise, it is not the intention to limit the scope of the invention to 25 classical, competitive inhibitors. It appears from Figure 1 that some of the compounds of the invention (exemplified by oxalylamino benzoic acid) behave as a reversible, classical competitive inhibitor of PTP1B (linear relationship between inhibitor concentration and the apparent Km 30 (Fig. 1 (B); no influence on Vmax (Fig. 1 (C)). The K i value was found to be about 30 ptM. The calculation of K i is described in detail below and further illustrated by an ex ample in the section DEFINITIONS.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 21 We also investigated the influence of assay constituents, which have previously been found to significantly influence the inhibition of other PTPase inhibitors - as described above. EDTA was added to the assay buffer, and dithiothreitol was replaced by glu tathione (Figure 2). 5 It appears from Figure 2 that the inhibitors of the present invention as an important feature, and in sharp contrast to the inhibitors described above, are insensitive to assay constituents such EDTA and the reducing agent (linear relationship between inhibitor concentration and the apparent Km (Fig. 2 (B); no influence on Vmax (Fig. 2 10 (C)). The K i value was found to be about 50 p.M. The reversible nature of the inhibi tion process is clearly indicated by the fact that Vmax is independent of inhibitor con centration. Further, it is demonstrated in Figure 3 that some of the compounds of the present 15 invention do not show any sign of time dependency. Again, this shows the reversible nature of the inhibition. We set out to identify more precisely the chemical elements defining the PTPase in hibitory capacity by analyzing a set novel chemical analogues. Importantly, as will be 20 illustrated below, analogues of this hit (i.e. 2-(oxalyl-amino) benzoic acid) essentially retained the same enzyme kinetic profile, i.e. the behave like classical competitive inhibitors. Thus, the compounds of the invention can be derived by changing in a systematic fashion the elements needed for binding to/inhibition of/modulation of the active sites of PTPases and/or to other molecules with pTyr recognition units using 25 procedures well known to those skilled in the art. Examples of the enzyme kinetic behavior of analogues of 2-(oxalyl-amino)benzoic acid are shown in Figure 4 and 5. Surprisingly, these novel compounds retain the classical competitive mode of inhibition as observed with 2-(oxalyl-amino)benzoic 30 acid. From this it appears that those skilled in the art may make novel analogues of the original compound that still act as inhibitors of protein-tyrosine phosphatases. As an example, which is not intended in any way to limit the scope of the invention, those skilled in the art may add substituents to 2-(oxalyl-amino)benzoic acid and WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 22 thereby change the potency and selectivity into other preferred compounds of the invention. Such novel compounds may be inhibitors or modulators of protein-tyrosine phosphatases or other molecules with pTyr recognition units and they may be classi cal, competitive inhibitors or mixed-type inhibitors. Thus, the present invention pro 5 vides methods for making both non-selective and selective inhibitors and modulators of molecules with pTyr recognition units including protein-tyrosine phosphatases. The compounds of the invention can be further modified to act as prodrugs. 10 It is a well known problem in drug discovery that compounds, such as enzyme in hibitors, may be very potent and selective in biochemical assays, yet be inactive in vivo. This lack of so-called bioavailability may be ascribed to a number of different factors such as lack of or poor absorption in the gut, first pass metabolism in the liver, poor uptake in cells. Although the factors determining bioavailability are not 15 completely understood, there are many examples in the scientific literature - well known to those skilled in the art - of how to modify compounds, which are potent and selective in biochemical assays but show low or no activity in vivo, into drugs that are biologically active. It is within the scope of the invention to modify the compounds of the invention, termed the 'original compound', by attaching chemical groups that will 20 improve the bioavailability of said compounds in such a way that the uptake in cells or mammals is facilitated. Examples of said modifications, which are not intended in any way to limit the scope of the invention, include changing of one or more carboxy groups to esters (for instance methyl esters, ethyl esters, acetoxymethyl esters or other acyloxymethyl esters). Compounds of the invention, original compounds, such 25 modified by attaching chemical groups are termed 'modified compounds'. Said chemical groups may or may not be apparent in the claims of this invention. Other examples of modified compounds, which are not intended in any way to limit the scope of the invention, are compounds that have been cyclized at specific positions socalled 'cyclic compounds' - which upon uptake in cells or mammals become hy 30 drolyzed at the same specific position(s) in the molecule to yield the compounds of the invention, the original compounds, which are then said to be 'non-cyclic'. For the avoidance of doubt, it is understood that the latter original compounds in most cases will contain other cyclic or heterocyclic structures that will not be hydrolyzed after uptake in cells or mammals. Generally, said modified compounds will not show a be- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 23 havior in biochemical assays similar to that of the original compound, i.e. the corre sponding compounds of the invention without the attached chemical groups or said modifications. Said modified compounds may even be inactive in biochemical as says. However, after uptake in cells or mammals these attached chemical groups of 5 the modified compounds may in turn be removed spontaneously or by endogenous enzymes or enzyme systems to yield compounds of the invention, original com pounds. 'Uptake' is defined as any process that will lead to a substantial concentra tion of the compound inside cells or in mammals. After uptake in cells or mammals and after removal of said attached chemical group or hydrolysis of said cyclic com 10 pound, the compounds may have the same structure as the original compounds and thereby regain their activity and hence become active in cells and/or in vivo after uptake. A number of procedures, well known to those skilled in the art, may be used to verify that the attached chemical groups have been removed or that the cyclic compound has been hydrolyzed after uptake in cells or mammals. An example, 15 which is not intended in any way to limit the scope of the invention, is given in the following. A mammalian cell line, which can be obtained from the American Tissue Type Collection or other similar governmental or commercial sources, is incubated with said modified compound. After incubation at conditions well known to those skilled in the art, the cells are washed appropriately, lysed and the lysate is isolated. 20 Appropriate controls, well known to those skilled in the art, must be included. A num ber of different procedures, well known to those skilled in the art, may in turn be used to extract and purify said compound from said lysate. Said compound may or may not retain the attached chemical group or said cyclic compound may or may not have been hydrolyzed. Similarly, a number of different procedures - well known to those 25 skilled in the art - may be used to structurally and chemically characterize said puri fied compound. Since said purified compound has been isolated from said cell lysate and hence has been taken up by said cell line, a comparison of said structurally and chemically characterized compound with that of the original unmodified compound (i.e. without said attached chemical group or said non-cyclic compound) will immedi 30 ately provide those skilled in the art information on whether the attached chemical group as been removed in the cell or if the cyclic compound has been hydrolyzed. As a further analysis, said purified compound may be subjected to enzyme kinetic analysis as described in detail in the present invention. If the kinetic profile is similar to that of the original compound without said attached chemical group, but different WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 24 from said modified compound, this confirms that said chemical group has been re moved or said cyclic compounds has been hydrolyzed.Similar techniques may be used to analyze compounds of the invention in whole animals and mammals. 5 A preferred prodrug is acetoxymethyl esters of the compounds of the present inven tion which may be prepared by the following general procedure (C.Schultz et al, The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1993, 268, 6316-6322.): A carboxylic acid (1 equivalent) is suspended in dry acetonitrile (2 ml per 0.1 mmol). 10 Diisopropyl amine (3.0 equivalents) is added followed by bromomethyl acetate (1.5 equivalents). The mixture is stirred under nitrogen overnight at room temperature. Acetonitrile is removed under reduced pressure to yield an oil which is diluted in eth ylacetate and washed with water (3 x). The organic layer is dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Filtration followed by solvent removal under reduced pressure 15 afford a crude oil. The product is purified by column chromatography on silica gel, using an appropriate solvent system. DEFINITIONS 20 Signal transduction is a collective term used to define all cellular processes that follow the activation of a given cell or tissue. Examples of signal transduction, which are not intended to be in any way limiting to the scope of the invention claimed, are cellular events that are induced by polypeptide hormones and growth factors (e.g. insulin, insulin-like growth factors I and II, growth hormone, epidermal 25 growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor), cytokines (e.g. inter-leukins), extra cellular matrix components, and cell-cell interactions. Phosphotyrosine recognition units/tyrosine phosphate recognition units/pTyr recognition units are defined as areas or domains of proteins or gly 30 coproteins that have affinity for molecules containing phosphorylated tyrosine residues (pTyr). Examples of pTyr recognition units, which are not intended to be in any way limiting to the scope of the invention claimed, are: PTPases, SH2 do mains and PTB domains. Further, in some receptor-type or receptor-like PTPases, the second domain (the C-terminal domain) most likely does not pos- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 25 sess catalytic activity. As a non-limiting example, the second domain of CD45 does not seem to act as an active PTPase (see Kashio et al., J. Biol. Chem. 273, 33856-22863 (1998) and references herein). However, the second domain of CD45 seems to play an important role as a phosphotyrosine recognition unit and 5 to be critical for interleukin-2 secretion and substrate recruitment of TCRz in vivo (Kashio et al., supra). Thus, the second domain of CD45 in this case may play a similar role as a SH2 domain and hence act as a phosphotyrosine recognition unit. Although not formally proven, other molecules that are similar to PTPases, such as IA-2 and IA-2b, may act as pTyr recognition units. 10 Proteins with phosphotyrosine recognition units are defined as proteins or glycoproteins that contain phosphotyrosine recognition units. A ligand is defined as a molecule or compound that binds to another molecule. 15 An example of a ligand, which is not intended in any way to limit the scope of the definition, is a non-peptide molecule with a molecular weight equal to or below 2500 daltons which binds to a protein or a glycoprotein. A phosphotyrosine recognition unit ligand is defined as a molecule that binds 20 to the phosphotyrosine recognition unit(s) of a protein or a glycoprotein with phos photyrosine recognition unit(s). Thus, non-limiting examples of a phosphotyrosine recognition unit ligand include PTPase inhibitors and/or PTPase modulators. An other non-limiting example of a phosphotyrosine recognition unit ligand is a com pound that binds to an SH2 domain and/or to a PTB domain. 25 PTPases are defined as enzymes with the capacity to dephosphorylate pTyr containing proteins or glycoproteins. Examples of PTPases, which are not in tended to be in any way limiting to the scope of the invention claimed, are: 'classical' PTPases (intracellular PTPases (e.g. PTP1B, TC-PTP, PTP1C, PTP1 D, 30 PTPD1, PTPD2) and receptor-type PTPases (e.g. PTPc, PTPs, PTP3, PTPy, CD45, PTPK, PTPp), dual specificty phosphatases (VH1, VHR, cdc25), LMW PTPases or acid phosphatases. A list of currently known classical and other PTPases reported to GenBank is shown in Table 1 (with the appropriate acces sion number indicated).

WO 99/46237 PCTIDK99OO126 26 Table I List of PTPases (partial and full length cONA) Name Accession Number Bovine bPTPBA14 U20807 Chicken 10 cLAR L32780 cPTP1B U86410 cPTPalpha Z32749,L22437 cPTPcryp2 U65891 cPTPgamma U38349 15 cPTPlarnbda L13285,Z21960 cPTPsyp U38620 cPTPzeta L27625 Human 20 hCD45 Y00638 Y00062 pO 8 575 hchPTPl U42361 hGLEPP1 U20489 HLAR Y00815 hLCPTP D11327 25 hLyPTP1 AF001846 hLyPTP2 AF001847 hMEG1 M68941 hMEG2 M83738 hPCPTP1 D64053 U42361 30 hPEST D13380 M93425 hPTP1B M31724 M33689 hSHP1 M74903 X62055 M77273 X82817* X82818** hSHP2 X70766 L08807 D13540 L03535 L07527 hPTP1E U12128 D21209 D21210 D21211 35 hPTPalpha M34668 X54130 X54890 X53364 hPTPBDP1 X79568 hPTPbeta X54131 hPTPchlg U77917 U77916* hPTPCOM1 Z79693 40 hPTPD1 X79510 hPTPD2 X82676 hPTPdelta X54133 L38929 hPTPDEP1 U10886 D37781 hPTPEC X82635 E09724* 45 hPTPepsilon X54134 WO 99/46237 PCTDK99/O1 26 27 Table 1 (continued) List of PTPases (partial and full length cDNA)

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Name Accession Number 5 -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - hPTPFMI X95712 hPTPgamma L09247 X541.32 hPTPH1 M64572 10 hPTPHE M64322 hPTPIA2 L18983 Z46226 hPTPIA2beta U65065 hPTPIAR AF007555 L76258 hPTPICA512 X62899 15 hPTPkappa L77886 Z70660 hPTPL1 X80289 hPTPmu X58288 hPTPPCP2 X97198 hPTPpi U81561. 20 hPTPPNP1 X79676 hPTPpsi U360289 U373727 hPTPrho AF043644 AL024473 A1022239 AQ02047 hPTPRO U371075 hPTPS31 132035 132036 132037 132038 132039 25 hPTPSAP1 D15049 hPTPsigma U335234 U340317 U41725 hPTPU2 Z48541 hPTPzeta M93426 X54135 U388967 hTCPTP M25393 M81478 M80737 30 hPTP-af007118 AF007118 hchPTP U42361 Mouse mCD45 M14342 M92933 M33482 35 mDPZPTP D28529 mLAR Z37988 mMEG2 Af013490 mPEP M90388 mPEST X86781 40 mPTP1B M97590 U324700 mPTP1C M68902 M90389 mPTP1D L08663 D84372 mPTP35 X74438 mPTP36 D31842 45 mPTPalpha M33671 M36033 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 28 Table 1 (continued) List of PTPases (partial and full length cDNA)

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Name Accession Number 5 ---------------------------------............................. mPTPbeta X58289 mPTPBL Z32740 mPTPBR7 D31898 mPTPbyp D45212 10 mPTPdelta D13903 E09890 E09891 E09892 mPTPepsilon U35368 U36758 D83484 U62387 U40280 mPTPesp U36488 mPTPFLP1 U52523 U49853 mPTPftpl D88187 15 mPTPgamma L09562 mPTPGMC1 AF073998 AF073999 mPTPGMC1 AF073998 AF073999 mPTPHA2 L40595 mPTPIA2 U11812 20 mPTPK1 U35124 mPTPkappa L10106 mPTPlambda U55057 mPTPmu X58287 mPTPNP U57345 25 mPTPP19 X63440 S36169 mPTPphi U37467 U37466 U37465 mPTPRIP D83966 mPTPRL10 D37801 D83072 mPTPNU3 X82288 30 mPTPT9 D28530 D28531* mPTPSL Z30313 Z23058 mPTPtestis D64141 mSTEP61 U28217 S80329 U28216 mTCPTP S52655 M81477 M80739 35 Rat rCBPTP M10072 Y00065 rLAR L11586 U00477 X83546 X83505 rLCPTP U28356 40 rPC12PTP1 U14914 rPTP- E10496 E10496 rPTP-E09723 E09723 rPTP1B M33962 rPTP1D U09307 U05963 45 rPTP20 U69673 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 29 Table I (continued) List of PTPases (partial and full length cDNA)

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Name Accession Number 5 -----------------------------................................ rPTP2E U17971 U18293 rPTPalpha L01702 rPTPBEM1 (partial cds) D45412 rPTPBEM2 D45413 10 rPTPBEM3 D45414 rPTPD30 (complet cds) U28938 rPTPDEP1 U40790 rPTPepsilon D78610 D78613 rPTPGMC1 AF063249 15 rPTPICA105 X92563 D38222 rPTPNE6 U73458 Z50735 rPTPOST L36884 rPTPP1 L19180 rPTPPS L19181 20 rPTPpsi U66566 rPTPsigma L11587 L12329 L19933 rPTPzeta U09357 rRKPTP D38072 rSTEP S49400 25 rSHP1 U77038 rTCPTP X58828 rPTPTD14 AF077000 30 Rabbit rabPTP-oc U32587 Other PTPases 35 ============= VHl-like (ie both dual + tyrosine) hCL100 X68277 S46269 hMKP-2 U48807 hMKP-4 Y08302 40 hPAC-1 U23853 L11329 hPTEN U93051 AF000731 AF000732 AF000733 AF000734 hPTPpystl X93920 hPTPpyst2 X93921 45 hPTPTH2 AF019083 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 30 Table I (continued) List of PTPases; (partial and full length cDNA)

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Name Accession Number 5 -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - hTYPI S80632 hVH1?? hVH2 U21108 hVHS U27193 10 hVHR?? mERP S64851 m129-PAC1 U09268 mMKP-1 X61940 mNTTP1 X95518 15 mPAC-. L11330 mPRL-1 U84411 Msty U11054 mSTYX U34973 mVH1 X61940 20 myxomaPTP L31960 nostocPTP L11392 raccPTP L13165 rCL100 S81478 X84004 rMKP-2 U23438 25 RPRL-1 L27843 ru02553 U02553 rVH6 U42627 shopePTP L32180 YvH1 L04673 30 hPRL3 AF041434 LMW 35 bPTPlrnw M83656 hRBClmw M83653 M83654 yLMPTP1 L33929 yLTP1 U11057 L48604 40 cdc25-family: hPTPcdc25a M81933 hPTPcdc25b2 Z68092 hcdcl4B AF023158 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 31 Table I (continued) List of PTPases (partial and full length cDNA)

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Name Accession Number 5 -------------------------------------------............ .. ... Unclassified mammalian PTPases: hPTPCAAX1 U48296 10 hPTPCAAX2 U48297 hPTPCIP2 L25876 hPTPCdil U02681 hPTPICAAR Y08569 hPTPTEP1 U96180 15 hPTPkiaa0283 AB006621 hPTPPRL-1 AF051160 hPTPPRL-3 AF041434 hPTP putative_ AF007118 mPTP-IF1 Y17345 20 mPTP-IF2 Y17344 mPTP-IF2P Y17343 Microbial PTPases (ie. eubacteria & vira) 25 autovPTP M96763 salmPTP U63293 strepPTP U37580 Rachiplusia ou nuclear polyhedrosis virus 30 npvPTP AF068270 Oher eukaryotes (ie. Drosophila, yeast, fungi, xenopus etc.) Arabidopsis thaliana 35 atPTP1 AF055635 atPTP1-exons-introns AJ006309 Caenorhabditis elegans ceCosmid Z80216 40 cePTP2 AF015882 cePTP6 Z70284 cePTPclr-1 AF047880 cePTPPRL-1 AF063401 WO 99/46237 PCTDK99/OO1 26 32 Table I (continued) List of PTPases (partial and full length cDNA) Name Accession Number Drosophila dLAR M27700 10 dPTP1OD M80465 M80538 dPTP4E L20894 dPTP61F L11253 L14849 L11252 L11251 dPTP69D M27699 dPTP99A M80464 M80539 M81795 15 dPTPcork U19909 dPTPPRL-1 AF047880 AF047881 Dictyostelium discoideum dictPTP L07125 20 dictPTP2 L15420 dictPTP3 U38197 Emericella nidulans fPTPncdc25 X64601 S37934 25 Tritrichomonas foetus triPTP.pep U66070 Schizosaccharomyces ponmbe 30 yPTP1 Z73100 yPTPcand L01038 yPTPMSG5 D17548 yPTPpypl M63257 yPTPpyp2 X59599 S51320 35 yPTPpyp3 X69994 S5138S yPTPtrna X75077 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 33 Table I (continued) List of PTPases (partial and full length cDNA)

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Name Accession Number 5 --------------------------------------------...................-. Yersinea cerivisiae yscPTP M64062 yscPTP2 M38723 M82872 10 yscPTP3 AF006304 Xenopus xCD45 AF024438 xPTP-SH2 U15287 15 xPTPalpha U09135 xPTPX1 L33098 xPTPX10 L33099 Hirudo medicinaliS 20 hmLarl AF017084 hmLar2 AF017083 Pisum sativum (pea) peaPTPl AJ005589 25 Glycine max (soybean) soybeanPTPl AJ006308 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 34 A modulator of PTPases is compound that causes a change of the activity of a PTPase. PTPase modulators may either make the PTPase less active or more active. PTPase modulators may according to the present definition bind to the active site of PTPases or to areas outside the active site of PTPases (so-called allosteric modula 5 tors). Another, non-limiting example of a PTPase modulator is a compound that changes the substrate specificity of a PTPase. A PTPase domain is defined as a part of the full PTPase molecule, which typically but not always - possess characteristic enzymatic activity, i.e. the capacity to dephos 10 phorylate pTyr-containing proteins or glycoproteins. A PTPase domain of a classical PTPase will typically consist of 220-350 amino acid residues and correspond to amino acid residues number 30 to 270 of PTP1B. PTPase domains may be expressed in eukaryotic and prokaryotic expression system either as the domain itself or as part of a fusion protein. 15 SH2 domains Src homology 2 (SH2) domains are non-catalytic protein modules that bind to pTyr (phosphotyrosine residue) containing proteins, i.e. SH2 domains are pTyr recognition units. SH2 domains, which consist of -100 amino acid residues, are found in a number of different molecules involved in signal transduction processes. The fol 20 lowing is a non-limiting list of proteins containing SH2 domains: Src, Hck, Lck, Syk, Zap70, SHP-1, SHP-2, STATs, Grb-2, Shc, p85/PI3K, Gap, vav (see Russell et al, FEBS Lett. 304:15-20 (1992); Pawson, Nature 373: 573-580 (1995); Sawyer, Bio polymers (Peptide Science) 47: 243-261 (1998); and references herein). The structural requirements for SH2 domain/pTyr protein interactions have been ana 25 lyzed with synthetic, tyrosine phosphorylated peptides and further elucidated by X-ray crystallography and NMR. The signature motif, FLVRES (single amino acid code), forms part of the binding pocket for pTyr. In addition, other binding pocket(s) play(s) a role in defining affinity and selectivity. Thus, in the Src SH2 domain a hydrophobic pocket binds the amino acid positioned 3 residues C-terminal to the pTyr residue (i.e. 30 pY+3). Numerous studies have pointed to the importance of residues positioned C terminal to the pTyr residue (for review, see Pawson, supra). Determination of ligand binding to SH2 domains. Several methods - well known to those skilled in the art - have been developed that are useful for assessment of the binding of non-phosphate-containing ligands to SH2 domains. One example, which is WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 35 not intended in any way to limit the scope of the present invention, was recently pub lished by Yao and coworkers (Yao et al., J. Med. Chem. 42: 25-35 (1999)). These authors used the surface plasmon reasonance method for determination of the in hibitory capacity of non-phosphate containing ligands on Grb2 SH2 domain binding 5 (IC50). In brief, recombinant GST-Grb2 SH2 domain was incubated with various amounts of ligand and allowed to flow across the surface-bound the SHC phos phopeptide, DDPSpYVNVQ (single amino acid code, where pY indicates phosphoty rosine). The amount of equilibrium binding (Ru(max)) was determined and compared to binding without the presence of ligand. The above SHC phosphopeptide, 10 DDPSpYVNVQ, served as a control. Similarly, ligand binding can be determined for other SH2 domains using appropriate surface-bound tyrosine-phosphorylated pep tides well known to those skilled in the art. Other non-limiting approaches to assess peptide ligand binding to SH2 domains have been developed by several laboratories (Fantl et al., Cell 69: 413-423 (1992); Ward et 15 al., J. Biol. Chem. 271: 5603-5609 (1996); and references herein). Such assays can also be used for assessment of the binding of non-peptide ligands to SH2 domains with slight modifications well understood by those skilled in the art. PTB domains Recently, a novel type of pTyr recognition unit (PTP domain = phos 20 photyrosine binding domain) was identified in shc, which is an adaptor protein (Kavanaugh and WVVilliams, Science 266:1862-1865). The PTB domains are longer than SH2 domain (~ 190 residues). Assays for ligand binding to the shc PTB domain was recently developed by Kavanaugh and coworkers (Kavanaugh et al., Science 268:1177-1179 (1995); Laminet et al., J. Biol. Chem. 271: 264-269 (1996)). 25 A PTPase family is defined as a group of PTPases that are structurally related. Thus, one accepted way of defining a PTPase family is based on the primary structures of PTPases outside the PTPase domain(s) or their overall structures (Fischer et al. (1991) Science 253: 401-406; B.J. Goldstein (1995) in Protein Profile, volume 2, num 30 ber 13, Academic Press Ltd., London.. Non-limiting examples of PTPase families de fined in such way are: (a) SH-2 domain containing PTPases, the SHP family: SHP-1; SHP-2 (b) PTP1B family: PTP1B; TC-PTP (c) Ezrin-domain containing PTP family: PTPH1; PTPD1; PTPD2; PTPMEG WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 36 (d) The PTP-BAS family (e) Proline-Glutamic acid-Serine-Threonine (PEST) sequence containing PTPases: PTP-PEST; PEP (f) PTPases containing very small, highly glycosylated extracellular regions, the 5 PTPa family: PTPa; PTPs. (g) Receptor-type PTPases with one intracellular PTP domain, the PTP3 family: PTP3, DEP-1, GLEPP-1, SAP-1 (h) PTPases containing extracellular regions with immunoglobulin-like domains and Fibronectin Ill-like domains, the PTP-LAR family: PTP-LAR; PTPa; PTP8. 10 (i) PTPases containing extracellular regions with MAM domains, the PTPg family: PTPp.; PTPic. (j) PTPases containing extracellular regions with similarity to carbonic anhydrase, the PTPG family: PTPC, PTPy (k) The IA-2 family 15 (I) The PTPy family (m) The CD45 family It should be noted that not all PTPases have been - or can be - classified into any families. 20 As an alternative, PTPases may also be divided into families based on sequence alignments of the primary sequence (Goldstein vide supra). Computer programs well known to those skilled in the arts (e.g. GCG University of Wisconsin, refs.) may be used to performed such alignments. Further analysis is performed with computer pro 25 grams such as CLUSTALX resulting in a so-called phylogenetic tree. An example of said phylogenetic tree is shown in Figure 7. It should be pointed out that the above described ways of dividing PTPases into families show considerable overlap. The preferred definition of PTPases into families is the latter based on primary sequence alignments of PTPases, since it is likely that this definition in turn can be used to es 30 tablish assays that will allow development of PTPase inhibitors or modulators that se lectively react with a given PTPase family or members of a specific family (i.e. selec tive inhibitors).

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 37 Modulation of cellular processes is defined as the capacity of compounds of the in vention to 1) either increase or decrease ongoing, normal or abnormal, signal trans duction, 2) initiate normal signal transduction, and 3) initiate abnormal signal trans duction. 5 Modulation of pTyr-mediated signal transduction/modulation of the activity of molecules with pTyr recognition units is defined as the capacity of compounds of the invention to 1) increase or decrease the activity of proteins or glycoproteins with pTyr recognition units (e.g. PTPases, SH2 domains or PTB domains) or to 2) de 10 crease or increase the association of a pTyr-containing molecule with a protein or glyco-protein with pTyr recognition units either via a direct action on the pTyr recogni tion site or via an indirect mechanism. Examples of modulation of pTyr-mediated sig nal transduction/modulation of the activity of molecules with pTyr recognition units, which are not intended to be in any way limiting to the scope of the invention claimed, 15 are: a) inhibition of PTPase activity leading to either increased or decreased signal transduction of ongoing cellular processes; b) inhibition of PTPase activity leading to initiation of normal or abnormal cellular activity; c) stimulation of PTPase activity lead ing to either increased or decreased signal transduction of ongoing cellular processes; d) stimulation of PTPase activity leading to initiation of normal or abnormal cellular ac 20 tivity; e) inhibition of binding of SH2 domains or PTB domains to proteins or glycopro teins with pTyr leading to increase or decrease of ongoing cellular processes; f) inhibi tion of binding of SH2 domains or PTB domains to proteins or glycoproteins with pTyr leading to initiation of normal or abnormal cellular activity. 25 A subject is defined as any mammalian species, including humans. DEFINITION OF PTPase INHIBITION ACCORDING TO THE PRESENT INVEN TION A compound is defined as a PTPase inhibitor if the following criteria are fulfilled: (a) 30 the inhibitory capacity must be determined as described in detail below and the inhi bition constant, Ki, value must be below 1000 pM; (b) at least one PTPase must be inhibited by the compounds of the invention. Any PTPase may be used for the analy ses. Non-limiting examples of PTPases are: PTP1B; SHP-1, SHP-2; PTP-PEST; WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 38 PTPa; PTPt; LAR; CD45. Further examples are given in Table 1. In addition, any PTPase not mentioned herein may be used. DETERMINATION OF INHIBITOR CONSTANTS 5 Determination of inhibitor constants (K i values) may be performed according to a number of different experimental procedures including inhibitor fluorescence quench ing. However, in all cases, to evaluate the compounds of the present invention such methods must be supplemented with procedures that measure the effect of the com 10 pounds on the catalytic activity of the enzymes. The conditions for such assays are illustrated below. PTPases PTPases used for the analyses may be expressed as intact molecules or as PTPase 15 domains. Assay conditions Assay conditions must be selected to ensure enzyme stability, i.e. the enzyme must in the absence of substrate retain at least 50 per cent of the initial activity over the 20 assay period. Buffer systems Any buffer system well known to those skilled in the art may be selected for analysis of compounds of the invention. Preferred buffers used for analysis of PTPase inhibi 25 tion or modulation are listed below. Buffer 1 100 mM NaAc (sodium acetate) pH 5.5 0.1 % BSA (bovine serum albumin) 30 15 mM DTT (dithiothreitol) Buffer 2 100 mM NaAc pH 5.5 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 39 50 mM NaCI 0.1 % BSA 5 mM DTT 5 Buffer 3 100 mM NaAc pH 5.5 50 mM NaCI 0.1 % BSA 5 mM GSH (glutathione) 10 1 mM EDTA Buffer 4 50 mM HEPES pH 7.0 100 mM NaCl 15 0.1% BSA 5 mM DTT Buffer 5 50 mM HEPES pH 7.0 20 100 mM NaCl 0.1 % BSA 5 mM GSH 1 mM EDTA 25 Buffer 6 20 mM MES pH 6.0 150 mM NaCI 5 mM DTT 0.1 %BSA 30 Buffer 7 (constant ionic strength buffer described by Ellis & Morrison (1982) Methods Enzy mol. 117: 301-342) 50 mM Tris WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 40 50 mM Bis-Tris 100 mM acetate pH range: 4.5 - 9.0 with or without reducing agents (DTT, GSH, 2-mercaptoethanol) 5 with or without carrier proteins (e.g. BSA, gelatine) Reaction time The reaction time is preferred to be between 2 and 60 minutes. 10 Reaction temperature Any reaction temperature well known to those skilled in the art may be selected for analysis of compounds of the invention. The preferred temperature is in the following range: 40 C to 370 C. 15 Substrates Substrates used in the reaction may be selected from the following: (a) p-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP); (b) tyrosine-phosphorylated peptides; (c) natural substrates (e.g. autophosphorylated insulin receptor) or parts thereof (e.g. autophosphorylated tyro sine kinase domain of the insulin receptor). When pNPP is used as substrate the en 20 zyme reaction is followed by measurement of the optical density at a wavelength of approximately 405 nm. In case of (b) and (c), the enzyme reaction may be followed by measurement of released phosphate or by spectrophotometric/fluorometric meth ods according to procedures well known to those skilled in the art. 25 Concentration of compound and substrate To ensure optimal determination of the inhibitor constants the concentration of sub strate and inhibitor must be varied independently according to the following guide lines. 30 A range of substrate concentrations must be varied with a preferred maximum, final assay concentration at least 10-fold above that of the Km value for the enzyme de termined under the same conditions. The minimum final assay concentration is pref- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 41 erably equal to or below that of the Km value for the enzyme determined under the same conditions. At least 2 different inhibitor concentrations must be used. The concentrations will de 5 pend on the actual compounds, but they must be selected in such a way that non linear regression analysis allows determination of inhibitor constants with an accu racy acceptable to those skilled in the art. Calculation of inhibitor constants, K i 10 Definitions

V

o , the initial velocity, is the reaction corresponding to time zero. 15 Km is defined as the concentration of substrate used to obtain an initial velocity cor responding to 50 percent of the maximal obtainable velocity (Vmax) at full substrate saturation of the enzyme. Km is measured without addition of inhibitor. Vmax is the maximum obtainable initial velocity (limiting rate) determined at full sub 20 strate saturation. Kapp is the apparent Km value determined in the presence of inhibitor. Vapp is the apparent Vmax value determined in the presence of inhibitor. 25 Competitive inhibitors are defined as compounds that bind to the substrate binding site of the enzyme, or in close enough proximity to occlude the substrate binding site. True competitive inhibitors, also termed classical competitive inhibitors, increase Kapp without any effect on Vmax. 30 Mixed-type inhibitors are defined as inhibitors that affect both Km and Vmax.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 42 Non-competitive inhibitors are defined as inhibitors that decrease Vapp without any effect on Km. 5 In accordance with classical Michaelis-Menten kinetics, the inhibitor constant of competitive inhibitors, Ki, may be calculated from the following equation Kapp = (Km / Ki)*[i] + K. (equation 1) where [i] is the concentration of the inhibitor The competitive part of K i of mixed-type inhibitors, Kic, may be calculated from 10 Kic=il((Vm/Km)*(KappNapp)-1) (equation 2) The uncompetitive part of K i of mixed-type inhibitors, Kiu, may be calculated from Kiu=il(VmaxNVapp-1) (equation 3) 15 The K, values for a given compound may be calculated either using linear transfor mation procedures or nonlinear regression fit to classical Michaelis Menten enzyme kinetic models as defined above assuming competitive or mixed-type inhibition. Pre ferred compounds of the invention belongs to the class of competitive or mixed-type inhibitors. 20 Further information on the definitions of the above enzyme kinetic parameters may be found in any reference book on enzyme kinetics. Non-limiting examples of such reference books are: (a) Copeland (vide supra); (b) M. Dixon & E.C. Webb, En zymes, 2 nd Edition, Longmans, London, 1996; (c) A. Cornish-Bowden, Fundamentals 25 of Enzyme Kinetics, Portland Press, 1995. Calculation of inhibitor constants - an example The calculation of K, values may become more apparent by the following example, 30 which is not intended in any way to limit the scope of the invention. PTP1B was incubated with a compound of the invention (described in Example 2).

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 43 A truncated form of PTP1B, corresponding to the N-terminal 321 amino acids was expressed in E. coli and purified to apparent homogeneity using published proce dures well-known to those skilled in the art. The enzyme reactions were carried out 5 using standard conditions essentially as described by Burke et al (Biochemistry 35; 15989-15996 (1996)). The assay conditions were as follows. Half of a 96-well plate was used for this experiment. p-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP) was used as substrate (see Table 2). The following final assay concentrations of pNPP were used: 10 mM (added to all wells in row A), 5 mM (added to all wels in 10 row B), 2.5 mM (added to all wells in row C), 1.25 mM (added to all wells in row D), 0.63 mM (added to all wells in row E), 0.31 mM (added to all wells in row F), 0.16 mM (added to all wells in row G). No substrate was added to row H (a volume of as say buffer corresponding to that of pNPP was added to all wells in row H). 3-(Oxalyl amino)naphthalene-2-carboxylic acid dissolved in DMSO (Example 2) was used as 15 inhibitor and used at the following final assay concentrations: 100 pM (added to all wells in column 1), 33.3 pM (added to all wells in column 2); 11.1 pM (added to all wells in column 3); 3.7 pM (added to all wells in column 4). Assay buffer was added in columns 5 and 6 instead of the inhibitor (same volume as the inhibitor in columns 1-4). Assay buffer (final assay concentration): 100 mM sodium acetate pH 5.5, 50 20 mM NaCI, 5 mM glutathione, 1 mM EDTA, and 0.1 % bovine serum albumin. The reaction was started by addition of the enzyme, PTP1 B. Assay buffer was added in column 6 instead of the enzyme (same volume as the enzyme in columns 1-5). The total volume in each well was 100 p1, including 10 p1 of inhibitor dissolved in DMSO or 10 p.1 DMSO added to the control wells that did not receive inhibitor. The tem 25 perature was 25 oC. After 60 minutes, NaOH was added and the absorbance was read at 405 nm. The results are shown in Table 2. 30 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 44 Table 2 Absorbance measured at 405 nm 1 2 3 4 5 6 A 1.226 1.369 1.445 1.461 1.469 0.124 B 0.929 1.172 1.33 1.35 1.429 0.084 C 0.623 0.971 1.17 1.25 1.311 0.064 D 0.426 0.718 0.948 1.047 1.139 0.053 E 0.254 0.45 0.651 0.755 0.837 0.048 F 0.142 0.266 0.394 0.454 0.501 0.044 G 0.095 0.159 0.226 0.259 0.287 0.044 H 0.043 0.041 0.044 0.042 0.043 0.044 5 Calculation of K i values The actual data from Table 2 are shown with the assay setup in Table 3. 10 Table 3 Inhib noEnz pNPP 100.0 33.3 11.1 3.7 0.0 0.0 10.00 1.226 1.369 1.445 1.461 1.469 0.124 5.00 0.929 1.172 1.33 1.35 1.429 0.084 2.50 0.623 0.971 1.17 1.25 1.311 0.064 1.25 0.426 0.718 0.948 1.047 1.139 0.053 0.63 0.254 0.45 0.651 0.755 0.837 0.048 0.31 0.142 0.266 0.394 0.454 0.501 0.044 0.16 0.095 0.159 0.226 0.259 0.287 0.044 0 0.043 0.041 0.044 0.042 0.043 0.044 First the absorbance measurement have to be corrected for any OD 405 value derived from the control well H6, as shown in Table 4. 15 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 45 Table 4 Inhib noEnz pNPP 100.0 33.3 11.1 3.7 0.0 0.0 10.00 1.182 1.325 1.401 1.417 1.425 0.08 5.00 0.885 1.128 1.286 1.306 1.385 0.04 2.50 0.579 0.927 1.126 1.206 1.267 0.02 1.25 0.382 0.674 0.904 1.003 1.095 0.009 0.63 0.21 0.406 0.607 0.711 0.793 0.004 0.31 0.098 0.222 0.35 0.41 0.457 0 0.16 0.051 0.115 0.182 0.215 0.243 0 0 -0.001 -0.003 0 -0.002 -0.001 0 The values in wells H1 through H5 indicated any color (OD 405 value) derived from 5 the inhibitor itself. In the present example, the inhibitor does not give rise to any

OD

405 value. The values in column 6 indicate the OD 405 values due to the absor bance of the substrate. Therefore, the corrected OD 405 values in Table 4 must be further corrected for the absorbance at 405 nm which is caused by the inhibitor and/or the substrate, as shown in Table 5. 10 Table 5 Inhib noEnz pNPP 100.0 33.3 11.1 3.7 0.0 0 10.00 1.103 1.248 1.321 1.339 1.346 0 5.00 0.846 1.091 1.246 1.268 1.346 0 2.50 0.56 0.91 1.106 1.188 1.248 0 1.25 0.374 0.668 0.895 0.996 1.087 0 0.63 0.207 0.405 0.603 0.709 0.79 0 0.31 0.099 0.225 0.35 0.412 0.458 0 0.16 0.052 0.118 0.182 0.217 0.244 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 The corrected values in Table 5 are now used for calculation of the K i values of the 15 inhibitor at each of the analyzed inhibitor concentrations (100, 33.3, 11.1 and 3.7 ItM, respectively). Classical Michaelis-Menten plots of these data are shown in Figure 4 (A). Using non-linear regression analysis of the data in Table 5, the apparent Km val- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 46 ues (in mM; Kapp) and apparent Vmax values (OD 40 5 values; Vapp) are calculated for each inhibitor concentration (Table 6). Table 6 Inh 100 33.3 11.1 3.70 0 Kapp 4.30 1.53 0.89 0.69 0.59 5 Vapp 1.57 1.44 1.47 1.46 1.50 These data are shown graphically in Figure 4 (B) and (C). Using the data in Table 6 and Equation 1 (see above) the K i values can be calculated 10 for each inhibitor concentration (Table 7). Table 7 Inhibitor concentration (PM) 100.0 33.3 11.1 3.7 Ki (JM) 16.0 21.1 22.5 23.0 It appears that the K i values are almost the same, irrespective of the inhibitor con 15 centration. When combining this with the fact that the inhibitor does not change the Vmax value it can be concluded that this inhibitor is a classical, competitive inhibitor. This is further illustrated by calculating competitive part of K i (Kic) assuming mixed type inhibition and using Equation 2 (see above). If the inhibitor is mixed-type then the calculated Kic values should differ significantly from the K i values in Table 7. The 20 Kic values for the present inhibitor is shown in Table 8. Table 8 Inhibitor concentration (M) 100.0 33.3 11.1 3.7 Kic 17.0 19.8 21.1 19.9 25 It appears that the Kic values in Table 8 are almost identical to the K values in Table 7.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 47 Selectivity of an inhibitor is defined as the property of such compound to inhibit or modulate a certain PTPase or certain PTPases more efficiently than other PTPases. A selective inhibitor may inhibit one PTPase only or one PTPase family only. How ever, other selective inhibitors also include compounds that inhibit a set of several 5 PTPases or PTPase families more efficiently than other sets of PTPases or PTPase families. An example of selectivity, which is not intended in any way to limit the scope of the invention, is a competitive inhibitor that has a K i value of 50 p.M against PTP1B and 10 a K i value of 500 p.M or more against PTPa. An example of a selective modulator, which is not intended in any way to limit the scope of the invention, is a modulator that causes a 2-fold increase of the activity of SHP-1 without affecting the activity of PTPca. 15 To further illustrate the use of different PTPases in evaluating the potency of an in hibitor, a brief description will be given of how to make and express other PTP con structs. For those skilled in the art, this description will allow expression and purifica tion of other PTPase domains that can be used for evaluation of potency as well as selectivity (vide infra) of PTPase inhibitors. In brief, appropriate sources of tissue or 20 cells or cell lines are used to isolate RNA (total or messenger RNA). As non-limiting examples, RNA can be isolated from placenta, liver, skeletal muscle, fat tissue, and peripheral blood leukocytes. Using standard procedures (Ausubel, F. M., et al. (Eds.). SHORT PROTOCOLS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 2nd EDITION: A com pendium of methods from Current Protocols in Molecular Biology. John Wiley and 25 Sons, Inc. New York ISBN 0-471-57735-9 (1992); Ausubel, Frederick M. Current Protocols on CD-ROM User's Guide; Current protocols in molecular biology. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. (1998). ), well known to those skilled in the art, cDNA was pre pared from appropriate RNA preparations. Such cDNA preparations in turn served as template for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It should further be noted that ap 30 propriate cDNA templates can be obtained from commercial sources such as Clon tech (1020 East Meadow Circle, Palo Alto, CA 94303). The PCR technique was used to prepare cDNA corresponding to the following PTPase domains (Ausubel et al., supra): PTP1B; PTPa domain 1; PTPs domain 1; PTP3; CD45 domain 1 and 2. Ap- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 48 propriate restriction sites have been included in the oligonucleotides to allow cloning into appropriate expression vectors. In these examples, which are not intended in any way to limit the scope of the invention, the pGEX expression vectors (Pharmacia) were used. For convenient cloning into other expression vectors (not 5 shown here), an additional N-terminal methionine (Met - M) was included in some of the constructs (indicated as (M)). All sequences were confirmed by sequencing of both strands. Further details are given in Table 9. The information on the oligonu cleotides used for the PCRs and the GenBank accession numbers for the specific PTPases in question will allow those skilled in the art to obtain cDNA encoding these 10 PTPase domains. After insertion into the appropriate expression vectors, Escherichia coli was transformed with the expression vectors encoding the above glutathione-S transferase (GST) fusion proteins. Overnight cultures were diluted 1:25 and grown for 3 hrs at 37 oC. Expression of GST fusion proteins was then induced by addition of isopropyl-1-thio-b-D-galactopyranoside, and the cultures were grown for additional 15 3 hrs at room temperature. The GST fusion proteins were purified according to the manufacturer's instructions (Pharmacia) with minor modifications. In brief, all purifi cation steps were conducted at approx. 4 'C. The cell pellets were suspended (5 ml/g) in lysis buffer (50 mM imidazole, 5 mM EDTA, 0.1 % b-mercaptoetanol, 10 % glycerol, 10 pg/ml aprotinin, 0.1 % lysozyme and 1 mM PMSF; pH 7.2) by stirring for 20 1 h prior to lysis under nitrogen pressure (>2000 psi) in a Parr cell disruption bomb. Triton X-100 (0.1 %) was added to the lysate and stirring continued for 1 h prior to centrifugation at 40000 g for 30 min. The supernatant was applied to a Glutathione Sepharose column (Pharmacia) equilibrated with GST-equilibration buffer (50 mM imidazole, 1 mM EDTA, 150 mM NaCI and 10 % glycerol; pH 7.2) and initially 25 washed with the same buffer. The flow direction was changed and washing was con tinued with a washing buffer (50 mM Tris, 1 mM EDTA and 10 % glycerol; pH 8). Fi nally, the bound protein was eluted with 10 mM glutathione in the washing buffer. The CD45 fusion protein was further purified on G25 and Mono Q columns (Pharmacia). The purified PTP domains are stored at -80 oC until use. Immediately 30 prior to use the enzyme preparations are diluted appropriately. It should be noted that similar methods - well known to those skilled in the art - could be used to obtain the catalytic domains of the molecules shown in Table I. Said GST-PTPase fusion proteins are used to assess the potency and selectivity of PTPase inhibitor essentially as described for PTP1B above. To further illustrate WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 49 these assays, a non-limiting example using PTPx domain 1 will be given. Similar procedures may be used for other PTPase domains. Half of a 96-well plate was used for this experiment, p-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP) was used as substrate. The following final assay concentrations of pNPP were used: 20 mM, 10 mM, 5 mM, 2.5 5 mM, 1.25 mM, 0.63 mM, 0.31 mM. The compound, 5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol 2 -ylmethyl)- 2 -(oxalyl-amino)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid, dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) was used as inhibitor and used at the follow ing final assay concentrations: 200 gM, 66.6 gM; 22.2 pM; 7.4 gM. Assay buffer in stead of enzyme, and/or substrate was added to appropriate control wells as de 10 scribed in detail for PTP1B above. Assay buffer (final assay concentration): 100 mM sodium acetate pH 5.5, 50 mM NaCI, 5 mM glutathione, 1 mM EDTA, and 0.1 % bo vine serum albumin. The reaction was started by addition of the enzyme, GST-PTPa domain 1 (final dilution 1:10000). The assay total volume in each well was 100 p1, including 10 p1l of inhibitor dissolved in DMSO or 10 p l DMSO added to the control 15 wells that did not receive inhibitor. The temperature was 25 oC. After 60 minutes, 10 ptl of a 0.5 M sodium hydroxide solution (in 50 percent (vol/vol) ethanol) was added to each well and the absorbance was read at 405 nm. The results are shown in Fig ure 6A. The calculated Ki value is 4 gM (median value). Figure 6B shows the results when the same compound (5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-2-(oxalyl 20 amino)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid) is tested against PTPu (final dilution 1:2000) in the following buffer: 50 mM HEPES pH 7.0, 100 mM NaCI, 5 mM glutathione, 1 mM EDTA, and 0.1 % bovine serum albumin. After 60 minutes, 20 p l of a 0.5 M sodium hydroxide solution (in 50 percent (vol/vol) ethanol) was added to each well and the absorbance was read at 405 nm. Otherwise, the conditions are 25 as described for Figure 6A. The calculated Ki value under these conditions is about 70 mM (median value).

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 50 < < C - C <D CD (DC (D < (D 0 CD)C <D < < <C E C 0 QCD <) U I-CD~C CD<~ O o CC) 0 zo C 0 Z D) Ln 0 CbC 0D' ~ I<0 D CD6 CD <C E<I ' CD L. CD 0 CD 0 D I0 0 (D iCD < <- < <C CLC 0 0 CDC < <I <CDn o < 0<0 U)0 0 (DoC ~~ CD r)C) r o (D < ' CD ci cotot C) c<~ 'm x Ix _ LO o, (N I- I o to coc m.j 0 04 0 r Z ) (0 CD ) 0) C) CDI E 04 0Yo 00 C? m c o o (0 4) ( D(NI( (NJ Ci C CL . CL CL -q a. C . 0.E L a E WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 51 A selective inhibitor is defined as an inhibitor that shows selectivity. A non-selective inhibitor is defined as an inhibitor that does not show selectivity. 5 A selective modulator is defined as a modulator that shows selectivity. To further illustrate the concept of selective and non-selective PTPase inhibitors an example of a non-selective and a selective inhibitor, respectively, is provided in Table 10. It should 10 emphasized that the examples in Table 10 are not intended in any way to limit the scope of the invention. Table 10 Analysis of selectivity of PTPase inhibitors. Assay conditions are essentially the same 15 as those used in Figure 4. The numbers given are K, values (RM). Compound of Example 82 Compound of Example 83 PTP1 B 10 2 PTP-LAR 1000 >1000 PTPs 50 1000 CD45 50 300 PTPP 30 >1000 It appears from Table 10 that the compound of example 82 is an example of a non-selective inhibitor, whereas the compound of example 83 behaves like a selective inhibitor. It should be noted that the compound in example 83 when tested against other PTPases might be 20 inhibitory against these. Yet, according to the present definition, the compound in example 83 is a selective inhibitor due to the fact that it inhibits PTP1B with little effect on the other PTPases tested in Table 10. Also, according to the present definition, the compound in ex ample 82 is a non-selective inhibitor due to its inhibitory capacity against several PTPases, even though it has weak activity, if any, against PTP-LAR. 25 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 52 A chemical group is defined as any single atom or any group of covalently linked atoms or any molecule, including any radical thereof. The terms "halogen" or "halo" include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine. 5 The term "alkyl" includes C1-C 6 straight chain saturated and C2-C6 unsaturated aliphatic hy drocarbon groups, C 1

-C

6 branched saturated and C 2

-C

6 unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups, C3-C6 cyclic saturated and Cs-C 6 unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups, and C1 C6 straight chain or branched saturated and C2-C6 straight chain or branched unsaturated 10 aliphatic hydrocarbon groups substituted with C 3

-C

6 cyclic saturated and unsaturated all phatic hydrocarbon groups having the specified number of carbon atoms. For example, this definition shall include but is not limited to methyl (Me), ethyl (Et), propyl (Pr), butyl (Bu), pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, penentyl, hexenyl, isopropyl (i-Pr), isobutyl (i-Bu), tert-butyl (t-Bu), sec-butyl (s-Bu), isopentyl, neopentyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cy 15 clopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, methylcyclopropyl, ethylcyclohexenyl, butenylcyclopentyl, and the like. The term "substituted alkyl" represents an alkyl group as defined above wherein the substi tutents are independently selected from halo, cyano, nitro, trihalomethyl, carbamoyl, hy 20 droxy, CORs, C-C 6 alkyl, Cl-C 6 alkyloxy, aryloxy, arylCl-C 6 alkyloxy, thio, C,-C 6 alkylthio, arylthio, arylC 1

-C

6 alkylthio, NR 7

R

8 , Cl-C 6 alkylamino, arylamino, arylC 1

-C

6 alkylamino, di(arylC,-C 6 alkyl)amino, C 1

-C

6 alkylcarbonyl, arylCl-C 6 alkylcarbonyl, C,-C 6 alkyl-carboxy, arylCl-C 6 alkylcarboxy, C-C 6 alkylcarbonylamino, -C 1

-C

6 alkyl-aminoCOR,, arylC 1 C 6 alkylcarbonylamino, tetrahydrofuranyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl, -CONR 7

R

8 , -Cl 25 C 6 alkylCONR 7

R

8 , or a saturated or partial saturated cyclic 5, 6 or 7 membered amine or lac tam; wherein R 1 1 is hydroxy, C 1

-C

6 alkyl, aryl, arylCl-C 6 alkyl, C,-C 6 alkyloxy, aryloxy, arylCl

C

6 alkyloxy and Rs is defined as above or NR 7

R

8 , wherein R 7 , Re are defined as above. The term "alkyloxy" (e.g. methoxy, ethoxy, propyloxy, allyloxy, cyclohexyloxy) represents an 30 "alkyl" group as defined above having the indicated number of carbon atoms attached through an oxygen bridge. The term "alkyloxyalkyl" represents an "alkyloxy" group attached through an alkyl group as defined above having the indicated number of carbon atoms.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 53 The term "aryloxy" (e.g. phenoxy, naphthyloxy and the like) represents an aryl group as de fined below attached through an oxygen bridge. The term "arylalkyloxy" (e.g. phenethyloxy, naphthylmethyloxy and the like) represents an 5 "arylalkyl" group as defined below attached through an oxygen bridge. The term "arylalkyloxyalkyl" represents an "arylalkyloxy" group as defined above attached through an "alkyl" group defined above having the indicated number of carbon atoms. 10 The term "arylthio" (e.g. phenylthio, naphthylthio and the like) represents an "aryl" group as defined below attached through an sulfur bridge. The term "alkyloxycarbonyl" (e.g. methylformiat, ethylformiat and the like) represents an "alkyloxy" group as defined above attached through a carbonyl group. 15 The term "aryloxycarbonyl" (e.g. phenylformiat, 2-thiazolylformiat and the like) represents an "aryloxy" group as defined above attached through a carbonyl group. The term "arylalkyloxycarbonyl" (e.g. benzylformiat, phenyletylformiat and the like) repre 20 sents an "arylalkyloxy" group as defined above attached through a carbonyl group. The term "alkyloxycarbonylalkyl" represents an "alkyloxycarbonyl" group as defined above attached through an "alkyl" group as defined above having the indicated number of carbon atoms. 25 The term "arylalkyloxycarbonylalkyl" represents an "arylalkyloxycarbonyl" group as defined above attached through an "alkyl" group as defined above having the indicated number of carbon atoms. 30 The term "alkylthio" (e.g. methylthio, ethylthio, propylthio, cyclohexenylthio and the like) rep resents an "alkyl" group as defined above having the indicated number of carbon atoms at tached through a sulfur bridge.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 54 The term "arylalkylthio" (e.g. phenylmethylthio, phenylethylthio, and the like) represents an "arylalkyl" group as defined above having the indicated number of carbon atoms attached through a sulfur bridge. 5 The term "alkylthioalkyl" represents an "alkylthio" group attached through an alkyl group as defined above having the indicated number of carbon atoms. The term "arylalkylthioalkyl" represents an "arylalkylthio" group attached through an alkyl group as defined above having the indicated number of carbon atoms. 10 The term "alkylamino" (e.g. methylamino, diethylamino, butylamino, N-propyl-N-hexylamino, (2-cyclopentyl)propylamino, hexenylamino, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl and the like) represents one or two "alkyl" groups as defined above having the indicated number of carbon atoms attached through an amine bridge. The two alkyl groups may be taken together with the ni trogen to which they are attached forming a saturated, partially saturated or aromatic cyclic, 15 bicyclic or tricyclic ring system containing 3 to 14 carbon atoms and 0 to 3 additional het eroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, the ring system can optionally be sub stituted with at least one C,-C 6 alkyl, aryl, arylC 1

-C

6 alkyl, hydroxy, oxo, Cl-C 6 alkyloxy, Cj

C

6 alkyloxyC 1

-C

6 alkyl, NR 9 Rjo, C 1

-C

6 alkylaminoCj-C 6 alkyl substituent wherein the alkyl and aryl groups are optionally substituted as defined in the definition section and R 9 and R 10 io are 20 defined as above. The term "arylalkylamino" (e.g. benzylamino, diphenylethylamino and the like) represents one or two "arylalkyl" groups as defined above having the indicated number of carbon atoms attached through an amine bridge. The two "arylalkyl" groups may be taken together with the 25 nitrogen to which they are attached forming a saturated, partially saturated or aromatic cy clic, bicyclic or tricyclic ring system containing 3 to 14 carbon atoms and 0 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, the ring system can optionally be sub stituted with at least one C 1

-C

6 alkyl, aryl, arylC 1

-C

6 alkyl, hydroxy, oxo, C,-C 6 alkyloxy, Cj

C

6 alkyloxyC 1

-C

6 alkyl, NR 9 Rjo, C 1

-C

6 alkylaminoC 1

-C

6 alkyl substituent wherein the alkyl and 30 aryl groups are optionally substituted as defined in the definition section and R 9 and Ro 1 0 are defined as above. The term "alkylaminoalkyl" represents an "alkylamino" group attached through an alkyl group as defined above having the indicated number of carbon atoms.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 55 The term "arylalkylaminoalkyl" represents an "arylalkylamino" group attached through an al kyl group as defined above having the indicated number of carbon atoms. 5 The term "arylalkyl" (e.g. benzyl, phenylethyl) represents an "aryl" group as defined below attached through an alkyl having the indicated number of carbon atoms or substituted alkyl group as defined above. The term "alkylcarbonyl" (e.g. cyclooctylcarbonyl, pentylcarbonyl, 3-hexenylcarbonyl) repre 10 sents an "alkyl" group as defined above having the indicated number of carbon atoms at tached through a carbonyl group. The term "arylalkylcarbonyl" (e.g. phenylcyclopropylcarbonyl, phenylethylcarbonyl and the like) represents an "arylalkyl" group as defined above having the indicated number of carbon 15 atoms attached through a carbonyl group. The term "alkylcarbonylalkyl" represents an "alkylcarbonyl" group attached through an "alkyl" group as defined above having the indicated number of carbon atoms. 20 The term "arylalkylcarbonylalkyl" represents an "arylalkylcarbonyl" group attached through an alkyl group as defined above having the indicated number of carbon atoms. The term "alkylcarboxy" (e.g. heptylcarboxy, cyclopropylcarboxy, 3-pentenylcarboxy) repre sents an "alkylcarbonyl" group as defined above wherein the carbonyl is in turn attached 25 through an oxygen bridge. The term "arylalkylcarboxy" (e.g. benzylcarboxy, phenylcyclopropylcarboxy and the like) rep resents an "arylalkylcarbonyl" group as defined above wherein the carbonyl is in turn at tached through an oxygen bridge. 30 The term "alkylcarboxyalkyl" represents an "alkylcarboxy" group attached through an "alkyl" group as defined above having the indicated number of carbon atoms. The term "arylalkylcarboxyalkyl" represents an "arylalkylcarboxy" group attached through an "alkyl" group as defined above having the indicated number of carbon atoms.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 56 The term "alkylcarbonylamino" (e.g. hexylcarbonylamino, cyclopentylcarbonyl-aminomethyl, methylcarbonylaminophenyl) represents an "alkylcarbonyl" group as defined above wherein the carbonyl is in turn attached through the nitrogen atom of an amino group. The nitrogen 5 atom may itself be substituted with an alkyl or aryl group. The term "arylalkylcarbonylamino" (e.g. benzylcarbonylamino and the like) represents an "arylalkylcarbonyl" group as defined above wherein the carbonyl is in turn attached through the nitrogen atom of an amino group. The nitrogen atom may itself be substituted with an 10 alkyl or aryl group. The term "alkylcarbonylaminoalkyl" represents an "alkylcarbonylamino" group attached through an "alkyl" group as defined above having the indicated number of carbon atoms. The nitrogen atom may itself be substituted with an alkyl or aryl group. 15 The term "arylalkylcarbonylaminoalkyl" represents an "arylalkylcarbonylamino" group at tached through an "alkyl" group as defined above having the indicated number of carbon at oms. The nitrogen atom may itself be substituted with an alkyl or aryl group. 20 The term "alkylcarbonylaminoalkylcarbonyl" represents an alkylcarbonylaminoalkyl group attached through a carbonyl group. The nitrogen atom may be further substituted with an "alkyl" or "aryl" group. The term "aryl" represents an unsubstituted, mono-, di- or trisubstituted monocyclic, polycy 25 clic, biaryl and heterocyclic aromatic groups covalently attached at any ring position capable of forming a stable covalent bond, certain preferred points of attachment being apparent to those skilled in the art (e.g., 3-indolyl, 4-imidazolyl). The aryl substituents are independently selected from the group consisting of halo, nitro, cyano, trihalomethyl, C 1

-C

6 alkyl, aryl, arylC 1

-C

6 alkyl, hydroxy, CORs, C 1

-C

6 alkyloxy, C 1

-C

6 alkyloxyC 1

-C

6 alkyl, aryloxy, arylCl 30 C 6 alkyloxy, arylC,-C 6 alkyloxyCj-C 6 alkyl, thio, C-C 6 alkylthio, C 1 -CealkylthioC,-C 6 alkyl, arylthio, arylCl-C 6 alkylthio, arylC,-C 6 alkylthioC,-C 6 alkyl, NRBR 9 , C 1

-C

6 -alkylamino, C 1

-C

6 alkylaminoCj

C

6 alkyl, arylamino, arylCl-C 6 alkylamino, arylC 1

-C

6 alkylaminoC,-C 6 alkyl, di(arylC-C 6 alkyl) aminoC,-C 6 alkyl, C 1

-C

6 alkylcarbonyl, Cj-C 6 alkylcarbonylC 1

-C

6 alkyl, arylCl-C 6 alkyl-carbonyl, arylCl-C 6 alkylcarbonylC 1

-C

6 alkyl, Cl-C 6 alkylcarboxy, C-C 6 alkylcarboxyCl-C 6 alkyl, arylCl- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 57

C

6 alkylcarboxy, arylC 1

-C

6 alkylcarboxyC 1

-C

6 alkyl, carboxyC 1

-C

6 alkyloxy, C,

C

6 alkylcarbonylamino, C 1

-C

6 alkylcarbonylaminoC-C 6 alkyl, -carbonylNR 7

C-C

6 alkylCOR, arylCl-C 6 alkylcarbonyl-amino, arylC 1

-C

6 alkylcarbonylaminoCl-C 6 alkyl, -CONRaRg, or -Cl

C

6 alkyI-CONR 8 Rg; wherein R 7 , R 8 , R., and R 1 , are defined as above and the alkyl and aryl 5 groups are optionally substituted as defined in the definition section; The definition of aryl includes but is not limited to phenyl, biphenyl, indenyl, fluorenyl, naphthyl (1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl), pyrrolyl (2-pyrrolyl), pyrazolyl (3-pyrazolyl), imidazolyl (1 imidazolyl, 2-imidazolyl, 4-imidazolyl, 5-imidazolyl), triazolyl (1,2,3-triazol-1-yl, 1,2,3-triazol-2 10 yl 1,2,3-triazol-4-yl, 1,2,4-triazol-3-yl), oxazolyl (2-oxazolyl, 4-oxazolyl, 5-oxazolyl), isoxazolyl (3-isoxazolyl, 4-isoxazolyl, 5-isoxazolyl), thiazolyl (2-thiazolyl, 4-thiazolyl, 5-thiazolyl), thio phenyl, (2-thiophenyl, 3-thiophenyl, 4-thiophenyl, 5-thiophenyl), furanyl (2-furanyl, 3-furanyl, 4-furanyl, 5-furanyl), pyridyl (2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl, 5-pyridyl), pyrimidinyl (2 pyrimidinyl, 4-pyrimidinyl, 5-pyrimidinyl, 6-pyrimidinyl), pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl (3-pyridazinyl, 4 15 pyridazinyl, 5-pyridazinyl), quinolyl (2-quinolyl, 3-quinolyl, 4-quinolyl, 5-quinolyl, 6-quinolyl, 7 quinolyl, 8-quinolyl), isoquinolyl (1-isoquinolyl, 3-isoquinolyl, 4-isoquinolyl, 5-isoquinolyl, 6 isoquinolyl, 7-isoquinolyl, 8-isoquinolyl), benzo[b]furanyl (2-benzo[b]furanyl, 3 benzo[b]furanyl, 4-benzo[b]furanyl, 5-benzo[b]furanyl, 6-benzo[b]furanyl, 7-benzo[b]furanyl), 2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]furanyl (2-(2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]furanyl), 3-(2,3-dihydro 20 benzo[b]furanyl), 4-(2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]furanyl), 5-(2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]furanyl), 6-(2,3 dihydro-benzo[b]furanyl), 7-(2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]furanyl)), benzo[b]thiophenyl (2 benzo[b]thiophenyl, 3-benzo[b]thiophenyl, 4-benzo[b]thiophenyl, 5-benzo[b]thiophenyl, 6 benzo[b]thiophenyl, 7-benzo[b]thiophenyl), 2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]-thiophenyl (2-(2,3-dihydro benzo[b]thiophenyl), 3-(2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]-thiophenyl), 4-(2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]thiophenyl), 25 5-(2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]-thiophenyl), 6-(2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]thiophenyl), 7-(2,3-dihydro benzo[b]-thiophenyl)), 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-benzo[b]thiophenyl (2-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro benzo[b]thiophenyl), 3-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-benzo-[b]thiophenyl), 4-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro benzo[b]thiophenyl), 5-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-benzo-[b]thiophenyl), 6-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro benzo[b]thiophenyl), 7-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-benzo[b]thiophenyl)), 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro 30 thieno[2,3-c]pyridyl (4-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-thieno[2,3-c]pyridyl), 5-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro thieno[2,3-c]pyridyl), 6

-(

4 ,5,6,7-tetrahydro-thieno[2,3-c]pyridyl), 7-(4,5,6,7-tetra-hydro thieno[2,3-c]pyridyl)), indolyl (1-indolyl, 2-indolyl, 3-indolyl, 4-indolyl, 5-indolyl, 6-indolyl, 7 indolyl), indazole (1-indazolyl, 3-indazolyl, 4-indazolyl, 5-indazolyl, 6-indazolyl, 7-indazolyl), benzimidazolyl (1-benzimidazolyl, 2-benzimidazolyl, 4-benzimidazolyl, 5-benzimidazolyl, 6- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 58 benzimidazolyl, 7-benzimidazolyl, 8-benzimidazolyl), benzoxazolyl (1-benzoxazolyl, 2 benzoxazolyl), benzothiazolyl (1-benzothiazolyl, 2-benzothiazolyl, 4-benzothiazolyl, 5 benzothiazolyl, 6-benzothiazolyl, 7-benzothiazolyl), carbazolyl (1-carbazolyl, 2-carbazolyl, 3 carbazolyl, 4-carbazolyl), 5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine (5H-dibenz[b,f]azepin-1-yl, 5H 5 dibenz[b,f]azepine-2-yl, 5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine-3-yl, 5H-dibenz-[b,f]azepine-4-yl, 5H dibenz[b,f]-azepine-5-yl), 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine (10,11-dihydro-5H dibenz[b,f]azepine-1 -yl, 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine-2-yl, 10,11-dihydro-5H dibenz[b,f]azepine-3-yl, 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine-4-yl, 10,11-dihydro-5H dibenz[b,f]azepine-5-yl), piperidinyl (2-piperidinyl, 3-piperidinyl, 4-piperidinyl), pyrrolidinyl (1 10 pyrrolidinyl, 2-pyrrolidinyl, 3-pyrrolidinyl), phenylpyridyl (2-phenyl-pyridyl, 3-phenylpyridyl, 4 phenylpyridyl), phenylpyrimidinyl (2-phenylpyrimidinyl, 4-phenylpyrimidinyl, 5 phenylpyrimidinyl, 6-phenylpyrimidinyl), phenylpyrazinyl, phenylpyridazinyl (3 phenylpyridazinyl, 4-phenylpyridazinyl, 5-phenyl-pyridazinyl). 15 The term "arylcarbonyl" (e.g. 2-thiophenylcarbonyl, 3 -methoxy-anthrylcarbonyl, oxazolylcar bonyl) represents an "aryl" group as defined above attached through a carbonyl group. The term "arylalkylcarbonyl" (e.g. ( 2

,

3 -dimethoxyphenyl)-propylcarbonyl, (2 chloronaphthyl)pentenylcarbonyl, imidazolylcyclo-pentylcarbonyl) represents an "arylalkyl" 20 group as defined above wherein the "alkyl" group is in turn attached through a carbonyl. The compounds of the present invention which have asymmetric centers may occur as ra cemates, racemic mixtures, and as individual enantiomers or diastereoisomers, with all iso meric forms being included in the present invention as well as mixtures thereof. 25 Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of the invention, where a basic or acidic group is present in the structure, are also included within the scope of this invention. When an acidic substituent is present, such as -COOH, 5-tetrazolyl and P(O)(OH)2, there can be formed the ammonium, sodium, potassium, calcium salt, and the like, for use as the dosage 30 form. When a basic group is present, such as amino or a basic heteroaryl radical, such as pyridyl, an acidic salt, such as hydrochloride, hydrobromide, acetate, maleate, palmoate, methanesulfonate, p-toluenesulfonate, and the like, can be used as the dosage form.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 59 Also, in the case of the -COOH or -P(O)(OH) 2 being present, pharmaceutically acceptable esters can be employed, e.g., methyl, tert-butyl, pivaloyloxymethyl, and the like, and those esters known in the art for modifying solubility or hydrolysis characteristics for use as sus tained release or prodrug formulations. 5 In addition, some of the compounds of the instant invention may form solvates with water or common organic solvents. Such solvates are encompassed within the scope of the inven tion. 10 The term "therapeutically effective amount" shall mean that amount of drug or pharmaceuti cal agent that will elicit the biological or medical response of a tissue, system, animal, or hu man that is being sought by a researcher, veterinarian, medical doctor or other. 15 DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION It has surprisingly been shown that compounds comprising a certain structural fragment show inhibitory or modulatory capacity against one or more PTPases or other molecules with phosphotyrosine recognition unit(s). 20 Accordingly, the present invention relates to compounds that fulfills all of the following 3 cri teria: (1) has a structure represented by Formula I: 25 R,.NR4 0 R2 Formula I 30 wherein R, R 2 and R 4 are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups; WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 60 (2) acts as a phosphotyrosine recognition unit ligand, preferably an inhibitor or modulator of one or more PTPases or proteins that contain SH2 domains; and 5 (3) has a molecular weight below or equal to 2500 daltons; In a preferred embodiment the compounds of the invention has a structure represented by Formula II R'N

,R

4 0 0 OR 10 Formula II where R, Rand R 4 are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups, and R 1 pref erably is H. 15 In another preferred embodiment the compounds that fulfills all of the following 3 criteria: (1) has a structure represented by Formula Ill:

R,

5

R

1 Rs 5

R

1 R3 NR4 or R 3 N 4

R

2 0C 0 0 20 R2 Formula III wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups, 25 and R 3 and R 5 may be covalently linked to each other; WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 61 (2) acts as a phosphotyrosine recognition unit ligand, preferably an inhibitor or modulator of one or more PTPases or proteins that contain SH2 domains; and (3) has a molecular weight below or equal to 2500 daltons. 5 In another preferred embodiment the compounds of the invention has a structure repre sented by Formula IV Rs 5 R

R

3 R4 0 0 O~O OR 10 Formula IV where R 1 , R 3 , R 4 and Rs are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups, and R 3 and Rs may be covalently linked to each other, and R preferably is H. 15 In another preferred embodiment the compounds of the invention has a structure repre sented by Formula V O Rs 5

COR

1 Rs R R R

R

3 N or 3 4 OR OR 20 Formula V where R 1 , R 3 , R 4 and Rs are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups, and R 3 and R 5 may be covalently linked to each other, and R is preferably H.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 62 In another preferred embodiment the compounds of the invention has a structure repre sented by Formula VI Rs, COOH

R

3 N R4 0 0 OR 5 Formula VI where R 3 , R 4 and Rs are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups, and R 3 and

R

5 may be covalently linked to each other, and R is preferably H. 10 In another preferred embodiment the compounds of the invention has a structure repre sented by Formula VII A N CR o A 1 NR R2

RCOR

2 O 0 00 Formula VII 15 wherein A together with the double bond in formula VII represents any aryl as defined above, and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups. In another preferred embodiment the compounds of the invention has a structure repre 20 sented by Formula VIII R 0 Formula VIIIO-R Formula ViII WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 63 wherein A together with the double bond in formula VIII represents any aryl as defined above, and R, R 1 , R 3 and R 4 are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups, and R preferably is H. 5 In another preferred embodiment the compounds of the invention has a structure repre sented by Formula IX

COOR

1 ~ 4 A N R -COR 2 0 Formula IX 10 wherein A together with the double bond in formula IX represents any aryl as defined above, and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups. In another preferred embodiment the compounds of the invention has a structure repre sented by Formula X 15 COOH \R4 A N R >-COR 2 3 0 Formula X wherein A together with the double bond in formula X represents any aryl as defined above, 20 and R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups. In another preferred embodiment the compounds of the invention has a structure repre sented by Formula XI COOR A N O-R 25 O 0 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 64 Formula XI wherein A together with the double bond in formula Xl represents any aryl as defined above, and R, R 3 and R 4 are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups, and R prefera 5 bly is H. In another preferred embodiment the compounds of the invention has a structure repre sented by Formula XII R1 R4 O R3 N OR R20 10 Formula XII wherein R 1 is a chemical group capable of being a proton donor and/or a proton acceptor, preferably -COOH, 5-tetrazolyl, -NH 2 , -CONH 2 , and R, R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups. 15 In another preferred embodiment the structure of the compounds of the invention is repre sented by the following Formula XX

R

1 7 R A N R R2 20 0 Formula XX wherein: 25 A is together with the double bond in Formula 1 phenyl, biphenyl, indenyl, fluorenyl, fluo renyl-9-one, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidyl or pyrazinyl; or A is together with the double bond in Formula 1 indolyl, benzo[b]thiophenyl, benzo[b]furanyl, indazolyl, benzo[b]isoxazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzthiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, 30 9H-thieno[2,3-c]chromenyl, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-benzo[b]thiophenyl, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 65 thieno[2,3-b]pyridyl, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-thieno[2,3-c]pyridyl, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-thieno[3,2 c]pyridyl, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-thieno[3,2-b]pyridyl, 4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyranyl, 4,7 dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]thiopyranyl or 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-4,7-ethanon-thieno[2,3-b]pyridyl; 5 or A is together with the double bond in Formula 1 furanyl, thiophenyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, thi azolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, 1,2,3-oxadiazolyl, furazanyl or 1,2,3 triazolyl; or A is together with the double bond in Formula 1 furo[2,3-b]pyridyl, thieno[2,3-b]pyridyl, 10 pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridyl, furo[2,3-c]pyridyl, thieno[2,3-c]pyridyl, pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridyl, furo[3,2 c]pyridyl, thieno[3,2-c]pyridyl, pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridyl, furo[3,2-d]pyridyl, thieno[3,2-d]pyridyl, pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyridyl, furo[2,3-d]pyrimidyl, thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidyl, pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidyl, furo[2,3-b]pyrazinyl, thieno[2,3-b]pyrazinyl, pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyrazinyl, furo[2,3-c]pyridazinyl, thieno[2,3-c]pyridazinyl, pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridazinyl, furo[2,3-d]pyridazinyl, thieno[2,3 15 d]pyridazinyl, pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazinyl, furo[3,2-c]pyridazinyl, thieno[3,2-c]pyridazinyl, pyr rolo[3,2-c]pyridazinyl, quinolizinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, quinazoli nyl, quinoxalinyl, 1,8-naphthyridinyl, chromanyl, thiochromanyl, isochromanyl, isothio chromanyl, 2,3-dihydro-thieno[2,3-b]furanyl, 4,6-dihydro-thieno[2,3-c]furanyl, 2,3-dihydro thieno[3,2-b]furanyl, 4,5-dihydro-thieno[2,3-b]thiophenyl, 4,6-dihydro-thieno[3,4-b]thiophenyl, 20 5,6-dihydro-thieno[3,2-b]thiophenyl, 4,5-dihydro-thieno[2,3-b]pyrrolyl, thieno[3,2 d]isothiazolyl, thieno[3,2-d]thiazolyl, thieno[2,3-d]thiazolyl, thieno[2,3-c]pyrrolyl-4,6-dione, 1H-thieno[2,3-d]imidazolyl, 6H-thieno[2,3-b]pyrrolyl, 5,6-dihydro-4H-thieno[2,3-c]pyrrolyl or 4H-thieno[3,2-b]pyrrolyl; 25

R

1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of CORs, OR 6 , CF 3 , nitro, cyano, SO 3 H, SO 2

NR

7 R8, PO(OH) 2 , CH 2

PO(OH)

2 , CHFPO(OH) 2 , CF 2

PO(OH)

2 , C(=NH)NH 2 ,

NR

7 R., and the following 5-membered heterocycles WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 66 H 0 OH 5 _ OH HN OH N S N -N 0 HO N N , O N -OH S N .- OH N N OH N\ N SH O N N 0 0 N OH HN H , N N H OH H OH -OH ,OH N S N S sN OH 0

HN

-

S

.

R

3 , R 16 and R 1 7 are hydrogen, halo, nitro, cyano, trihalomethyl, Cl-C 6 alkyl, aryl, arylC 1

-C

6 alkyl, hydroxy, carboxy, carboxyCl-C 6 alkyl, Cl-C 6 alkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, arylCl 5 C 6 alkyloxycarbonyl, C 1

-C

6 alkyloxy, C 1

-C

6 alkyloxyCj-C 6 alkyl, aryloxy, arylCl-C 6 alkyloxy, arylCj-C 6 alkyloxyC 1

-C

6 alkyl, thio, Cl-C 6 alkylthio, CI-C 6 alkylthioCj-Coalkyl, arylthio, arylCl Coalkylthio, arylCj-C 6 alkylthioCj-C 6 alkyl, NR 7

R

8 , C 1

-C

6 alkyl-aminoC,-C 6 alkyl, arylC, CoalkylaminoCl-C 6 alkyl, di(arylCl-C 6 alkyl)aminoCl-C 6 alkyl, Cl-C 6 alkylcarbonyl, Cj

C

6 alkylcarbonylC 1

-C

6 alkyl, arylC 1

-C

6 alkylcarbonyl, arylCl-C 6 alkylcarbonylCl-C 6 alkyl, Cj 10 C 6 alkylcarboxy, C 1

-C

6 alkylcarboxyCl-C 6 -alkyl, arylcarboxy, arylCl-C 6 alkylcarboxy, arylCl CoalkylcarboxyCl-C 6 alkyl, Cl-C 6 alkylcarbonyl-amino, Cl-C 6 alkylcarbonylaminoC,-C 6 alkyl, -carbonylNR 7

C

1

-C

6 alkylCOR 1 , arylCl-C 6 alkylcarbonylamino, arylCl-CealkylcarbonylaminoC,

C

6 alkyl, CONR 7

R

8 , or C,-C 6 alkylCONR 7

R

8 wherein the alkyl and aryl groups are optionally substituted and R 11 is NR 7 R., or Cl-C 6 alkylNR 7

R

8 ; or, when R 1 6 and R 1 7 are hydrogen, R 3 is 15

A-B-C-D-C

1

-C

6 alkyl, wherein A is Cl-Coalkyl, aryl or arylCl-C 6 alkyl; B is amino, thio, SO, SO2 or oxo; C is Cl-Cealkyl, amino; 20 D is a chemical bond, amino or C,-C 8 alkyl wherein the alkyl and aryl groups are optionally substituted; or WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 67 o

R

1 3 H OR ," N N'Ri4

R

12 0 5 wherein R 12 , R 1 3 , and R 1 4 are independently hydrogen, C 1

-C

6 alkyl, aryl, arylC 1

-C

6 alkyl and the alkyl and aryl groups are optionally substituted;

R

4 is hydrogen, hydroxy, C 1

-C

6 alkyl, aryl, arylCl-C 6 alkyl, NR 7

R

8 , Cl-C 6 alkyloxy; wherein the 10 alkyl and aryl groups are optionally substituted;

R

5 is hydroxy, C 1

-C

6 alkyl, aryl, arylC 1

-C

6 alkyl, CF 3 , NR 7 R.; wherein the alkyl and aryl groups are optionally substituted; 15 R 6 is hydrogen, C-C 6 alkyl, aryl, arylC 1

-C

6 alkyl; wherein the alkyl and aryl groups are option ally substituted;

R

7 and R 8 are independently selected from hydrogen, C,-C 6 alkyl, aryl, arylC 1 -C6alkyl, C, 20 C 6 alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, arylC 1

-C

6 alkylcarbonyl, Cl-C 6 alkyl-carboxy or arylC 1 C 6 alkylcarboxy wherein the alkyl and aryl groups are optionally substituted; or

R

7 and R 8 are together with the nitrogen to which they are attached forming a saturated, par tially saturated or aromatic cyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic ring system containing from 3 to 14 car bon atoms and from 0 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, 25 the ring system can optionally be substituted with at least one C,-C 6 alkyl, aryl, arylC 1

-C

6 alkyl, hydroxy, oxo, C-C 6 alkyloxy, arylCl-C 6 alkyloxy, C 1

-C

6 alkyloxyC 1

-C

6 alkyl, NRR 0 or C,

C

6 alkylaminoC-C 6 alkyl, wherein R 9 and Ro 10 are independently selected from hydrogen, Cj

C

6 alkyl, aryl, arylC 1

-C

6 alkyl, Cl-C 6 alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, arylC 1

-C

6 alkylcarbonyl, Cj

C

6 alkylcarboxy or arylC 1

-C

6 alkylcarboxy; wherein the alkyl and aryl groups are optionally 30 substituted; or

R

7 and R8 are independently a saturated or partial saturated cyclic 5, 6 or 7 membered ami ne, imide or lactam; WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 68 Compounds of the invention may modulate or inhibit the activity of protein tyrosine phos phatases or other molecules with phosphotyrosine recognition unit(s) via different mecha nisms of action. Examples of such mechanism of actions, which are not intended in any way to limit the scope of the invention, are (a) classical competitive inhibition; (b) uncom 5 petitive inhibition; (c) mixed-type inhibition as defined above. The invention furthermore relates to compounds which after uptake in cells or mammals has a structure as defined above. 10 In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention act as classical, competitive inhibitors of one or more PTPases. In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention act as mixed-type in hibitors of one or more PTPases. 15 In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention substantially act as an in hibitor of one or more PTPases involved in regulation of tyrosine kinase signalling path ways. 20 In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention substantially inhibit or modulate receptor-tyrosine kinase signalling pathways via interaction with one or more regulatory PTPases, preferably the signalling pathways of the insulin receptor, the IGF-I receptor and/or other members of the insulin receptor family, the EGF-receptor family, the platelet-derived growth factor receptor family, the nerve growth factor receptor family, the 25 hepatocyte growth factor receptor family, the growth hormone receptor family and/or members of other receptor-type tyrosine kinase families. In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention substantially inhibit or modulate non-receptor tyrosine kinase signalling through modulation of one or more 30 regulatory PTPases, preferably modulation of members of the Src kinase family or other intracellular kinases.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 69 In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention substantially inhibit or modulate the activity of one or more PTPases that negatively regulate signal transduction pathways. 5 In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention inhibit or modulate the activity of one or more PTPases that positively regulate signal transduction pathways, preferably CD45. In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention inhibit or modulate the 10 activity of one or more PTPases that positively regulate signal transduction pathways in immune cells. In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention inhibit or modulate the ac tivity of one or more PTPases that negatively regulate signal transduction pathway. 15 In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention inhibit one or more PTPases via binding to the active site of said PTPase(s) or to other sites that negatively influences the binding of substrate to said PTPase(s), an allosteric modulator. 20 In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention modulate the activity of one or more PTPases via interaction with structures positioned outside of the active sites of the en zymes, preferably SH2 domains. In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention modulate the signal trans 25 duction pathways via binding of the compounds of the invention to SH2 domains or PTB do mains of non-PTPase signalling molecules. In one embodiment, the compounds of the invention are characterized by being selective PTPase inhibitors or compounds that are selective phosphotyrosine recognition unit ligands. 30 The compound of the invention can e.g. be selective for a PTPase not described herein or, preferably, a PTPase listed in Table 1.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 70 In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are characterized by being non-selective PTPase inhibitors such as inhibitors or modulators of at least 4 PTPases or 4 PTPase families. 5 In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for the PTPa family. In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTPca. 10 In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTPs. In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for CD45. In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTPP fam 15 ily. In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTPP3. In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTP 20 DEP1. In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTP-LAR family. 25 In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTP-LAR. In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTPo. In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTP8. 30 In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTPg fam ily.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 71 In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTPI. In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTPK. 5 In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTP1B family. In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTP1B. 10 In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for TC-PTP. In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for SHP-PTP family. 15 In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for SHP-1. In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for SHP-2. In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTP fam 20 ily. In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTPy. In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTP-PEST 25 family. In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTPH1 family. 30 In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTPH1. In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTPD1.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 72 In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTPD2. In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTPMEG1. 5 In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for IA-2 family. In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for IA-2. 10 In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for IA-213. In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for the PTPY family. 15 In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTPY. In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTPp. In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention are selective for PTP4. 20 In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention have a molecular weight of less than 1000 Daltons, and preferably of more than 100 Daltons. In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention have K i values of less than 25 200 pM against one or more PTPases. In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention have K i values of less than 2 pM against one or more PTPases. 30 In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention have K i values of less than 100 nM against one or more PTPases.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 73 In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention have a K value of < 2 p.M against one or two PTPase or PTPase families and a K i value of > 50 4M against at least two other PTPases or PTPase families. 5 In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention have a K i value of < 100 nM against one or two PTPase or PTPase families and a K i value of > 10 PM against at least two other PTPases or PTPase families. 10 In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention have a IC5o value of less than 200 M against one or more molecules with phosphotyrosine recognition unit(s). In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention have a IC 50 value of less than 2 M against one or more molecules with phosphotyrosine recognition unit(s). 15 In another preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention have a IC 50 value of less than 100 nM against one or more molecules with phosphotyrosine recognition unit(s). In one preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention act as inhibitors of one or 20 more PTPases, e.g. protein tyrosine phosphatases involved in regulation of tyrosine kinase signalling pathways. Preferred embodiments include modulation of receptor tyrosine kinase signalling pathways via interaction with regulatory PTPases, e.g. the sig nalling pathways of the insulin receptor, the IGF-I receptor and other members of the insu lin receptor family, the EGF-receptor family, the platelet-derived growth factor receptor 25 family, the nerve growth factor receptor family, the hepatocyte growth factor receptor fam ily, the growth hormone receptor family and members of other receptor-type tyrosine kinase families. Further preferred embodiments of the inventions is modulation of non receptor tyrosine kinase signalling through modulation of regulatory PTPases, e.g. modu lation of members of the Src kinase family and other non-receptor tyrosine kinases. One 30 type of preferred embodiment of the inventions relates to modulation of the activity of PTPases that negatively regulate signal transduction pathways. An example, which is not intended in any way to limit the scope of the invention, is SHP-1 that negatively regulates WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 74 the erythropoietin signalling pathway. Another type of preferred embodiments of the in ventions relate to modulation of the activity of PTPases that positively regulate signal transduction pathways. An example of the latter, which is not intended in any way to limit the scope of the invention, is CD45 which dephosphorylates tyrosine kinase of the Src 5 family and thereby plays a positive role in signalling in cells from the hematopoietic sys tem. One type of preferred CD45 inhibitor can be used to regulate the activity of lympho cytes, including T- and/or B-lymphocytes. In a preferred embodiment the compounds of the invention act as modulators or inhibitors 10 of the active site of one or more PTPases. In another preferred embodiment the com pounds of the invention modulate the activity of one or more PTPases via interaction with structures positioned outside of the active sites of the enzymes, preferably SH2 domains. Further preferred embodiments include modulation of signal transduction pathways via binding of the compounds of the invention to SH2 domains or PTB domains of non 15 PTPase signalling molecules. In preferred embodiments the compounds of the invention are selective inhibitors that are more than 10-fold potent against one PTPase family than against another PTP family. 20 In one embodiment, the compounds of the invention can be used for managing, treating or preventing type I diabetes, type II diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, obesity, immune dysfunctions including autoimmunity and AIDS, diseases with dysfunc tions of the coagulation system, allergic diseases, osteoporosis, proliferative disorders in cluding cancer and psoriasis, diseases with decreased or increased synthesis or effects of 25 growth hormone, diseases with decreased or increased synthesis of hormones or cytoki nes that regulate the release of/or response to growth hormone, diseases of the brain in cluding Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia, and infectious diseases. In another embodiment, the compounds of the invention can be used for 30 In another embodiment, the compounds of the invention can be used for managing, treat ing or preventing type I diabetes, type II diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin re sistance, and/or obesity.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 75 In another embodiment, the compounds of the invention can be used for managing, treat ing or preventing conditions with immune dysfunctions, including autoimmunity such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus. 5 In another embodiment, the compounds of the invention can be used as immunosuppres sants. In another embodiment, the compounds of the invention can be used for managing or treating conditions with immune dysfunctions including AIDS. 10 In another embodiment, the compounds of the invention can be used for managing, treat ing or preventing allergic diseases, including asthma and allergic skin diseases. In another embodiment, the compounds of the invention can be used for managing, treat 15 ing or preventing proliferative disorders, including cancer. In another embodiment, the compounds of the invention can be used for managing, treat ing or preventing osteoporosis. 20 In another embodiment, the compounds of the invention can be used for managing, treat ing or preventing psoriasis. In another embodiment, the compounds of the invention can be used for managing, treat ing or preventing diseases with decreased or increased synthesis or effects of growth 25 hormone, diseases with decreased or increased synthesis of hormones or cytokines that regulate the release of/or response to growth hormone. In another embodiment, the compounds of the invention can be used for managing, treat ing or preventing diseases with dysfunctions of the coagulation system. 30 In another embodiment, the compounds of the invention can be used for managing, treat ing or preventing diseases of the brain including Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 76 In another embodiment, the compounds of the invention can be used for managing, treat ing or preventing infectious diseases. The compounds of the invention can furthermore be used to manufacture of medicaments 5 for managing, treating or preventing the above-mentioned diseases and disorders. Other preferred embodiments include use of the compounds of the invention for modula tion of cell-cell interactions as well as cell-matrix interactions. 10 The present invention is furthermore concerned with pharmaceutical compositions com prising, as an active ingredient, at least one of the compounds of the present invention in association with a pharmaceutical carrier or diluent. Optionally, the pharmaceutical com position can comprise at least one of the compounds of the invention combined with com pounds exhibiting a different activity, e.g. an antibiotic or other pharmacologically active 15 material. As a preferred embodiment, the compounds of the invention may be used as therapeuti cals to inhibit or modulate one or more PTPases involved in regulation of the insulin re ceptor tyrosine kinase signalling pathway in patients with type I diabetes, type 11 diabetes, 20 impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and obesity. Further preferred embodi ments include use of the compounds of the invention for management of disorders with general or specific dysfunctions of PTPase activity, e.g. proliferarive disorders such as psoriasis and neoplastic diseases. As another embodiment, the compounds of the inven tion may be used in pharmaceutical preparations for management of osteoporosis. 25 Preferred embodiments of the invention further include use of compound of the invention in pharmaceutical preparations to increase the secretion or action of growth hormone and its analogous or somatomedins including IGF-1 and IGF-2 by modulating the activity of one or more PTPases or other signal transduction molecules with affinity for phosphotyro 30 sine involved controlling or inducing the action of these hormones or any regulating mole cule. The compounds of the invention may be used in pharmaceutical preparations for man agement of various disorders of the immune system, either as a stimulant or suppressor WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 77 of normal or perturbed immune functions, including autoimmune reactions. Further em bodiments of the invention include use of the compounds of the invention for management of allergic reactions, e.g. asthma, dermal reactions, conjunctivitis. 5 In another embodiment, the compounds of the invention may be used in pharmaceutical preparations used for immunosuppression. A non-limiting example of such use is in con nection with management of organ and/or tissue transplantation. In another embodiment, compounds of the invention may be used in pharmaceutical 10 preparations for prevention or induction of platelet aggregation. In yet another embodiment, compounds of the invention may be used in pharmaceutical preparations for management of infectious disorders. In particular, the compounds of the invention may be used for management of infectious disorders caused by Yersinia and 15 other bacteria as well as disorders caused by viruses or other micro-organisms. Compounds of the invention may additionally be used for management or prevention of diseases in animals, including commercially important animals. 20 Also included in the present invention is a process for isolation of PTPases via affinity pu rification procedures based on the use of immobilized compounds of the invention using procedures well-known to those skilled in the art. Such methods, well-known to those skilled in the arts, may be used to identify novel PTPases or other molecules with phos photyrosine recognition units. As a non-limiting example, compounds of the invention may 25 be immobilized by coupling to a solid-phase. A tissue sample or a sample from a cell line prepared as a lysate by methods well-known to those skilled in the art may be passed over said solid-phase coupled with a compound of the invention. After appropriate wash ing procedures designed to remove material that binds unspecifically to said solid-phase, using standard procedures well known to those skilled in the art, mostly PTPases or other 30 molecules with phosphotyrosine recognition units will be bound to the compounds of the invention coupled to the solid phase. Said PTPases or other molecules with phosphotyro sine recognition units may in turn be released by procedures well-known in the art and further subjected to amino acid sequence analysis according to standard procedures well known to those skilled in the art. By back-translation of said amino acid sequence into a WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 78 nucleotide sequence of the corresponding cDNA can be deduced using the appropriate genetic code. Said nucleotide sequence can be used to design and produce an equivalent oligonucleotide, which in turn can be used to identify partial or full-length cDNA clones from appropriate cDNA libraries encoding a protein or glycoprotein corresponding to or 5 similar to the isolated PTPase or molecule with pTyr recognition units. Said oligonucleotide or isolated cDNA clone(s) can similarly be used to isolate genomic clones corresponding to said cDNA clones. Said partial or full-length cDNA can be inserted into appropriate vectors and expressed and purified proteins with procedures well known to those skilled in the arts. Said purified proteins, in particular PTPases, may be used to further analyze the 10 inhibitory capacity and selectivity of compounds of the invention as described. The invention is further directed to compounds of the invention coupled to a suitable solid phase matrix such as a Wang-resin or a Rink-resin 15 The invention is further diected to a method for isolating a protein or a glycoprotein with affinity for a compound according to the invention from a biological sample, comprising: * contacting a compound of the invention immobilized by coupling to a suitable solid phase matrix with said biological sample in order for said immobilized compound to form a complex by binding said protein or glycoprotein, 20 * removing unbound material from said biological sample and isolating said complex, and * extracting said protein or glycoprotein from said complex. The invention is further directed to a method for isolating a protein-tyrosine phosphatase with affinity for a compound according to the invention from a biological sample, compris 25 ing * contacting a compound of the invention immobilized by coupling to a suitable solid phase matrix with said biological sample in order for said immobilized compound to form a complex by binding said protein-tyrosine phosphatase * removing unbound material from said biological sample and isolating said complex 30 * extracting said protein-tyrosine phosphatase. The invention is further directed to a method for isolating a Src-homology 2 domain con taining protein or a phosphotyrosine binding domain containing protein with affinity for a compound of the present invention from a biological sample, comprising WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 79 * contacting a compound of the invention immobilized by coupling to a suitable solid phase matrix with said biological sample in order for said immobilized compound to form a complex by binding said Src-homology 2 domain containing protein or a phos photyrosine binding domain containing protein 5 * removing unbound material from said biological sample and isolating said complex * extracting said Src-homology 2 domain containing protein or a phosphotyrosine binding domain containing protein from said complex. The present invention also relates to a compound of the invention coupled to a fluorescent 10 or radioactive molecule. The invention furthermore relates to a method for coupling a fluorescent or radioactive molecule to a compound of the invention comprising * contacting said compound with said fluorescent or radioactive molecule in a reaction 15 mixture to produce a complex * removing uncomplexed material and isolating said complex from said reaction mixture. The invention is further directed to a method for detecting protein-tyrosine phosphatase or other molecules with phosphotyrosine recognition unit(s) in a cell or in a subject using a 20 compound of the invention coupled to a fluorescent or radioactive molecule comprising * contacting said cell or an extract thereof or a biological sample from said subject or by injecting said compound into said subject in order for said compound to produce a complex with said protein-tyrosine phosphatase or said molecules with phosphotyro sine recognition unit(s) 25 * detecting said complex, thereby detecting the presence of said protein tyrosine phos phatase or said other molecules with phosphotyrosine recognition unit(s). The invention is further directed to a method for quantifying the amount of protein-tyrosine phosphatases or other molecules with phosphotyrosine recognition unit(s) in a cell or in a 30 subject using a compound of the invention coupled to a fluorescent or radioactive mole cule comprising * contacting said cell or an extract thereof or a biological sample from said subject or by injecting said compound into said subject in order for said compound to produce a WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 80 complex with said protein-tyrosine phosphatase or said molecules with phosphotyro sine recognition unit(s) * measuring the amount of said complex, thereby detecting the presence of said protein tyrosine phosphatase or said molecules with phosphotyrosine recognition unit(s). 5 The invention is also concerned with a method for determining the function of a given protein-tyrosine phosphatase or group of protein-tyrosine phosphatases or said molecules with phosphotyrosine recognition unit(s) in a cell or a subject using a compound of the in vention coupled to a fluorescent or radioactive molecule comprising 10 * contacting said cell or an extract thereof or a biological sample from said subject or by injecting said compound into said subject in order for said compound to produce a complex with said protein-tyrosine phosphatase or said molecules with phosphotyro sine recognition unit(s) * measuring the biological effects induced by said complex. 15 Pharmacological Methods For the above indications the dosage will vary depending on the compound of the inven tion employed, on the mode of administration and on the therapy desired. However, in 20 general, satisfactory results are obtained with a dosage of from about 0.5 mg to about 1000 mg, preferably from about 1 mg to about 500 mg of compounds of the invention, conveniently given from 1 to 5 times daily, optionally in sustained release form. Usually, dosage forms suitable for oral administration comprise from about 0.5 mg to about 1000 mg, preferably from about 1 mg to about 500 mg of the compounds of the invention ad 25 mixed with a pharmaceutical carrier or diluent. The compounds of the invention may be administered in a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt form or where possible as a metal or a C 1 .- alkylammonium salt. Such salt forms exhibit approximately the same order of activity as the free acid forms. 30 This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and, usually, such compositions also contain a pharmaceutical carrier or diluent. The compositions containing the com- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 81 pounds of this invention may be prepared by conventional techniques and appear in con ventional forms, for example capsules, tablets, solutions or suspensions. The pharmaceutical carrier employed may be a conventional solid or liquid carrier. Exam 5 ples of solid carriers are lactose, terra alba, sucrose, talc, gelatine, agar, pectin, acacia, magnesium stearate and stearic acid. Examples of liquid carriers are syrup, peanut oil, ol ive oil and water. Similarly, the carrier or diluent may include any time delay material known to the art, such 10 .as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate, alone or mixed with a wax. If a solid carrier for oral administration is used, the preparation can be tabletted, placed in a hard gelatine capsule in powder or pellet form or it can be in the form of a troche or loz enge. The amount of solid carrier will vary widely but will usually be from about 25 mg to 15 about 1 g. If a liquid carrier is used, the preparation may be in the form of a syrup, emul sion, soft gelatin capsule or sterile injectable liquid such as an aqueous or non-aqueous liquid suspension or solution. Generally, the compounds of this invention are dispensed in unit dosage form comprising 20 10-200 mg of active ingredient in or together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier per unit dosage. The dosage of the compounds according to this invention is 1-500 mg/day, e.g. about 100 mg per dose, when administered to patients, e.g. humans, as a drug. 25 A typical tablet that may be prepared by conventional tabletting techniques contains Active compound (as free compound 100 mg or salt thereof) 30 Colloidal silicon dioxide (Areosil®) 1.5 mg Cellulose, microcryst. (Avicel®) 70 mg Modified cellulose gum (Ac-Di-Sol®) 7.5 mg Magnesium stearate WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 82 Coating: HPMC approx. 9 mg "Mywacett® 9-40 T approx. 0.9 mg 5 'Acylated monoglyceride used as plasticiser for film coating. The route of administration may be any route which effectively transports the active com pound to the appropriate or desired site of action, such as oral or parenteral e.g. rectal, transdermal, subcutaneous, intranasal, intramuscular, topical, intravenous, intraurethral, 10 ophthalmic solution or an ointment, the oral route being preferred. The process for preparing compounds of the invemtion is further illustrated in the following examples, which, however, are not to be construed as limiting. 15 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, TLC is thin layer chromatography, CDCI 3 is deuterio chloroform, CD3OD is tetradeuterio methanol and DMSO-d 6 is hexadeuterio dimethylsulfoxide. The structures of the compounds are confirmed by either elemental analysis or NMR, where peaks as 20 signed to characteristic protons in the title compounds are presented where appropriate. 'H NMR shifts (8H) are given in parts per million (ppm) downfield from tetramethylsilane as internal reference standard. M.p.: is melting point and is given in oC and is not corrected. Column chromatography was carried out using the technique described by W.C. Still et al., J. Org. Chem. 43: 2923 (1978) on Merck silica gel 60 (Art. 9385). HPLC analyses are 25 performed using 5gm C18 4 x 250 mm column eluted with various mixtures of water and acetonitrile, flow = 1 ml/min, as described in the experimental section. Compounds used as starting material are either known compounds or compounds which can readily be prepared by methods known per se. Wang-resin is polystyrene with a 4-hydroxymethylphenol ether linker. 30 2-Aminothiophenes are prepared according to Gewald et al., Chem. Ber. 99: 94 (1966). 3-Aminothiophenes are prepared according to H. Hartmann and J. Liebscher, Synthesis 275 (1984).

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 83 EXAMPLE 1 0 OH HH N OH - 0 5 2-(Oxalyl-amino)benzoic acid To a stirred solution of anthranilic acid (20.1 g, 0.15 mol) in dry tetrahydrofuran (250 ml) was added dropwise ethyl oxalyl chloride (10.0 g, 0.073 mol). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 min. filtered and the solvent evaporated in vo affording 10 crude 16.4 g (94%) of 2-(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)benzoic acid as an oil. To a solution of the above benzoic acid (10.0 g, 0.042 mol) in ethanol (350 ml) was added a solution of sodium hydroxide (3.7 g, 0.092 mol) in water (100 ml). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 60 h. Concentrated hydrochloric acid was added 15 to pH = 1 and the precipitate was filtered off and washed with water (3 x 100 ml), diethyl ether (3 x 80 ml) and dried in vacuo affording 7.1 g (81%) of the title compound as a solid. M.p.: 214 - 215 oC: 20 Calculated for C 9

H

7 NOs, 0.2 H 2 0; C, 51.68 %; H, 3.37 %; N, 6.70 %. Found: C, 50.96 %; H, 3.32 %; N, 6.52 %. 25 By a similar procedure as described in Example 1 the following compounds have been pre pared. EXAMPLE 2 0 OH H - NO 0 OH WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 84 3-(Oxalyl-amino)naphthalene-2-carboxylic acid; M.p.: 227 - 228 oC: Calculated for C 13 HNOs; 5 C, 60.24 %; H, 3.50 %; N, 5.40 %. Found: C, 59.98 %; H, 3.46 %; N, 5.25 %. EXAMPLE 3 10 0 OH 0 H OH I0 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-5-iodo-benzoic acid; MS(ES): m/z = 326 (M+1) 15 Calculated for C 9

H

6 NIOs, 0.75 x H 2 0; C, 31.01 %; H, 2.17 %; N, 4.02 %. Found: C, 31.14 %; H, 2.33 %; N, 3.76 %. 20 EXAMPLE 4 O OH OH - 0 4-(Oxalyl-amino)-biphenyl-3-carboxylic acid: To a suspension of 5-bromo-2-amino-benzoic acid methyl ester (3.0 g, 13,04 mmol), 25 tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.5 g, 0.44 mmol), toluene (40 ml) and 2N aqueous sodium carbonate (14.8 ml) was added a solution of phenylboronic acid (2.2 g, 17.73 mmol) in methanol (10 ml) at room temperature. The resulting reaction mixture was heated at reflux temperature for 4 h. cooled and diluted with water (50 ml). The insoluble matter was filtered off and the phases were separated. The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 85 (100 ml) and the combined organic phases were washed with water (2 x 80 ml), diluted aqueous ammoniac (80 ml) and saturated aqueous sodium chloride (80 ml). The organic phase was dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and evaporated in vacuo affording 3.4 g of crude 4-amino biphenyl-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester which was purified on silicagel (1 1) using a mixture of 5 ethyl acetate and heptane (1:3) as eluent. Pure fractions were collected and evaporated in vacuo affording 2.7 g (91 %) of 4-amino-biphenyl-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester. 4-Amino-biphenyl-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester was converted into the title compound by a similar procedure as described in Example 1. 10 M.p.: 223 - 224 'C. Calculated for CH,, 1 NOs 5 , 0.5 x H 2 0; C, 61.23 %; H, 4.11 %; N, 4.76%. Found: 15 C, 60.96 %; H, 4.01 %; N, 4.62 %. EXAMPLE 5 0 OH H N OH 20 Br 0 0 4-Bromo-2-(oxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid; 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) 8 8.71 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 8.25 (s, 1H), 7.80 (d, J= 7.5 Hz, 1H). MS: ESI (-): 288 [M-1( 81 Br)), 287 (M-1( 8 oBr)]. 25 EXAMPLE 6 O OH O OH -0 0 0 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 86 4,5-Dimethoxy-2-(oxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid; 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) 8 8.42 (s, 1H), 7.60 (s, 1H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 3.86 (s, 3H). MS: ESI (-): 268 [M-1]. 5 EXAMPLE 7 O OH O H N /N OH OO 5-Nitro-2-(oxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid; 10 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) 8 8.90 (d, J = 7.5Hz, 2H), 8.42 (s, 1H). MS: ESI (-): 253 [M-1]. 15 EXAMPLE 8 OH H N OH O-N o o 0 4-Nitro-2-(oxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid; 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) 8 9.60 (s, 1H), 8.36 (m, 1H), 8.02 (m, 1H). 20 MS: ESI (-): 253 [M-1]. EXAMPLE 9 O OH H Cl - N OH 25 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 87 5-Chloro-2-(oxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid; 'H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) 8 8.72 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.60 (d, J= 7.5 Hz, 1H). MS: ESI (-): 242 [M-1 (35CI)], 244 [M-1( 37 CI)]. 5 EXAMPLE 10 4-Chloro-2-(oxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid; 10 'H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) 8 8.80 (s, 1H), 8.10 (d, J= 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J= 7.5 Hz, 1 H). MS: ESI (-): 242 [M-1(3 5 CI)], 244 [M-1( 37 CI)]. 15 EXAMPLE 11 0 OH /\N o O OH 3-Methyl-2-(oxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid; 20 'H NMR(400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 6 2.2 (s, 3H), 7.2 - 7.7 (m, 3H), 10.5 (s, 1H), 12.9 (s, 1H). EXAMPLE 12 0 OH 25 F O OH 4,5-Difluoro-2-(oxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid; WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 88 1 H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 6 8.03 (m, 1H), 8.61 (dd, 1H), 12.55 (s, 1H, NHCO). 5 EXAMPLE 13 0

NH

2 H O OH N-(2-Carbamoyl-phenyl)-oxalamic acid; 'H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 6 7.20 (t, 1H), 7.55 (t, 1H), 7.73 (bs, 1H, CONH 2 ), 7.83 (d, 1H), 8.30 (bs, 1H, CONH 2 ), 8.52 (d, 1H), 12.9 (s, 1H, NHCO). 10 EXAMPLE 14 O OH o 0 0 2-(Ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid; 15 1 H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-de) 6 1.33 (t, 3H), 4.30 (q, 2H), 7.24 (t, 1H), 7.65 (t, 1H), 8.03 (d, 1H), 8.56 (d, 1H), 12.6 (s, 1H, NHCO). 20 EXAMPLE 15 0 CI OH H N OH 6-Chloro-2-(oxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid; 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 8 10.68 (bs, 1H), 8.06 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (t, J = 9 Hz, 25 1H), 7.27 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H).

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 89 EXAMPLE 16 0 OH H /N OH 0 0O 5 3-Methoxy-2-(oxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid; 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-ds) 8 9.98 (bs, 1H), 7.37 - 7.25 (m, 3H), 3.80 (s, 3H). 10 EXAMPLE 17 0 OH - H N OH 0 0 0 OH 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-terephthalic acid: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-de) 8 7.28 (s, 1H), 8.22 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 7.75 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H). 15 EXAMPLE 18 0 OH H F N OH 0 0 20 5-Fluoro-2-(oxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid; 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) 8 7.50 (m, 1H), 7.25 (m, 1H), 7.22 (m, 1H). MS m/z 227.2 (M-1). 25 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 90 EXAMPLE 19 0 OH H Br N OH BrO O 3.5-Dibromo-2-(oxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid; 5 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) 6 8.08 (s, 1H), 8.05 (s, 1H). MS m/z 366.1 (M-1). 10 EXAMPLE 20 0 OH H I /N OH 3.5-Diiodo-2-(oxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid: 15 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD30D) 6 8.45 (s, 1H), 8.25 (s, 1H). MS m/z 460.1 (M-1). 20 EXAMPLE 21 0 sO OH 0 H 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-5-(3-thiophen-3-yl-isoxazol-5-yi)-benzoic acid: To a solution of thiophene-3-carboxaldehyde (2.0 g, 18 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (6.0 ml) was added hydroxylamine hydrochloride (1.24 g, 18 mmol) and triethylamine (2.5 ml, 18 mmol). 25 The mixture was sonicated for 0.5 h and stirred at room temperature for 116 h and at 35 0C for 48 hour. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in di- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 91 chloromethane and washed with water, dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and evaporated in vacuo af fording 1.97 g (87 %) of thiophene-3-carbaldehyde oxime as an oil. To a solution of the above thiophene-3-carbaldehyde oxime (120 mg, 0.99 mmol) and 2 5 (tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-ethynyl-benzoic acid methyl ester (100 mg, 0.33 mmol) in tetra hydrofuran (2.5 ml) stirred at room temperature was added 0.75 M bleach (1.3 ml, 0.99 mmol). The solution was first stirred at room temperature for 24 h and then at 35 0C for 24 h. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in dichloromethane, washed with water, brine and dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and evaporated in vacuo. The residual 10 film was purified by preparative TLC affording 21 mg, (15 %) of 2-(tedt-butoxyoxalyl-amino) 5-(3-thiophen-3-yl-isoxazol-5-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester as an oil. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 8 12.75 (s, 1H), 8.92 (d, 1H, J = 11 Hz), 8.59 (s, 1H), 8.06 (d, 1H, J = 11 Hz), 7.91 (s, 1H), 7.59 (d, 1H, J = 7 Hz), 7.28 (d, 1H, J = 7 Hz), 6.90 (s, 1H), 4.07 (s 3H), 1.65 (s, 9H). 15 The above 2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-(3-thiophen-3-yl-isoxazol-5-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester (10 mg, 0.023 mmol) was dissolved in 20 % trifluoroacetic acid/dichloromethane (0.3 ml) and stirred at room temperature for 21 h. The solvent was removed in vacuo affording 8.4 mg (98 %) of 2-(oxalyl-amino)-5-(3-thiophen-3-yl 20 isoxazol-5-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD30D) 6 12.75 (s, 1H), 8.95 (d, 1H, J = 11 Hz), 8.62 (s, 1H), 8.18 (d, 1H, J = 11 Hz), 7.75 (m, 1H), 7.65 (m, 1H), 7.60 (s, 1H), 4.07 (s, 3H). To a solution of 2-(oxalyl-amino)-5-(3-thiophen-3-yl-isoxazol-5-yl)-benzoic acid methyl 25 ester (8.4 mg, 0.023 mmol) in methanol (1.5 ml) and tetrahydrofuran (0.5 ml) at room temperature was added 1 N lithium hydroxide (90 jl, 0.090 mmol). The solution was stirred for 48 h. The solvent was removed in .vacuo and the residue was redissolved in water. The solution was acidified with 1 N hydrochloric acid to pH = 1 and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined extracts were washed with brine, dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered 30 and the solvent evaporated in vacuo affording 6.4 mg (79 %) of the title compound as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD30D) 8 8.75 (d, 1H, J=11 Hz), 8.70 (s, 1H), 7.95 (s, 1H), 7.82 (d, 1H, J = 11 Hz), 7.70 (m, 1H), 7.60 (m, 1H).

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 92 MS m/z: 357(M-1). EXAMPLE 22 5 O OH NWo >1 0 OH 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-5-(3-phenyl-isoxazol-5-yl)-benzoic acid: 10 To a solution of benzaldehyde (2.0 g, 19 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (6.0 ml) was added hydroxy lamine hydrochloride (1.3 g, 19 mmol) and triethylamine (2.6 ml, 19 mmol). The mixture was sonicated for 0.5 h and stirred at room temperature for 116 h and at 35 oC for 24 h. The sol vent was removed in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in dichloromethane and washed with water, dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and evaporated in vacuo affording 1.9 g (84 %) of benzal 15 dehyde oxime as an oil. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI 3 ) 8 8.18 (s, 1H), 7.60 (m, 2H), 7.41 (m, 3H). To a solution of benzaldehyde oxime (120 mg, 0.99 mmol) and 2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl 20 amino)-5-ethynyl-benzoic acid methyl ester (100 mg, 0.33 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (2.5 ml) stirred at room temperature was added 0.75 M bleach (1.3 ml, 0.99 mmol). The so lution was first stirred at room temperature for 24 h and then at 35 'C for 24 h. The sol vent was evaporated in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in dichloromethane. The solution was washed with water, brine, dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and the solvent evapo 25 rated in vacuo. The residue was washed with diethyl ether to get a solid precipitate which was filtered off yielding 59 mg (42 %) of 2 -(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-(3-phenyl isoxazol-5-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 6 12.75 (s, 1H), 8.85 (d, 1H, J = 11 Hz), 8.62 (s, 1H), 8.06 (d, 1H, J = 11 Hz), 7.91 (m, 2H), 7.52 (m, 3H), 6.90 (s, 1H), 4.07 (s 3H), 1.65 (s, 9H). 30 The above 2 -(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-(3-phenyl-isoxazol-5-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester (28 mg, 0.07 mmol) was dissolved in 20 % trifluoroacetic acid/dichloromethane WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 93 (0.5 ml) and stirred at room temperature for 6 h. The solvent was removed in vacuo af fording 25 mg (100 %) of 2-amino-5-(3-phenyl-isoxazol-5-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDC3) 8 12.75 (s, 1H), 8.85 (d, 1H, J = 11 Hz), 8.62 (s, 1H), 8.15 5 (d, 1H, J = 11 Hz), 7.91 (m, 2H), 7.52 (m, 3H), 6.90 (s, 1H), 4.07 (s 3H) To a solution of the above 2-amino-5-(3-phenyl-isoxazol-5-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester (12.5 mg, 0.034 mmol) in methanol (2.5 ml) and tetrahydrofuran (1.0 ml) at room tem perature was added 1 N lithium hydroxide (1.4 ml, 0.136 mmol). The solution was stirred 10 for 12 h and the solvent was removed in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in water acidified with 1 N hydrochloric acid to pH = 1 and extracted with ethyl acetate. The or ganic extract was washed with brine, dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and the solvent evaporated in vacuo affording 7.7 mg (64 %) of the title compound as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD30D) 8 8.91 (d, 1H, J = 11 Hz), 8.62 (s, 1H), 8.15 (d, 1H, J = 11 15 Hz), 7.91 (m, 2H), 7.49 (m, 3H), 7.25 (s, 1H), 4.07 (s 3H). LC/MS m/z: 351(M-1). EXAMPLE 23 OH H O 20 0 OH 5-Ethynyl-2-(oxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid: A solution of 2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-iodo-benzoic acid (5.0 g, 12.8 mmol) and N,N 25 dimethylformamide di-tertbutylacetal (12 ml, 51.2 mmol) in toluene (100 ml) was heated at reflux for 20 h. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, concentrated in vacuo and the residue dissolved in ethyl acetate (150 ml). The ethyl acetate phase was washed with water (3 x 35 ml), brine (20 ml) and the volatiles evaporated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using 25 % ethyl acetate/hexane as eluent. Pure fractions were 30 combined and concentrated in vacuo to yield 2.3 g of 2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-iodo benzoic acid tert-butyl ester as an oil.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 94 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 8 8.54 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 8.27 (s, 1H), 7.83 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 1.62 (s, 18H). 5 2-(tert-Butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-iodo-benzoic acid tert-butyl ester (0.83 g, 1.86 mmol), trimethylsilyl acetylene (2 ml), and triethylamine (1 ml, 7.44 mmol) were dissolved in N,N dimethylformamide (5 ml) and the solution purged with argon. Dichlorobis (triphenylphosphine)palladium(ll) (26 mg, 0.15 mmol) and copper(I)iodide (4 mg, 0.15 mmol) were added and the reaction stirred at 60 oC under argon for 5 h. The crude mixture was di 10 luted with ethyl acetate (40 ml) and washed with water (3 x 10 ml) and brine (2 x 10 ml). The solvent was evaporated in vacuo to yield 0.77 g (99 %) of 2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5 trimethylsilanylethyny-benzoic acid tert-butyl ester. 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDC3) 8 12.59 (s, 1H), 8.71 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 8.07 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 1.62 (s, 9H), 1.61 (s, 9H), 0.25 (s, 9H). 15 2 -(tert-Butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-trimethylsilanylethyny-benzoic acid tert-butyl ester (0.57 g, 1.37 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (5 ml) and treated with a 0.9 M solution of tetrabutylammonium fluoride and acetic acid (2:3) in tetrahydrofuran (1.7 ml, 1.51 mmol) for 20 3 h. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the crude material extracted into ethyl ace tate (35 ml). The ethyl acetate extract was washed with 1M hydrochloric acid (5 ml), satu rated sodium bicarbonate (5 ml), brine (5 ml) and evaporated in vacuo affording 0.36 g (76 %) of 2 -(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-ethynyl-benzoic acid tert-butyl ester as an oil. 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 6 8.74 (d, J = 10 Hz, 1H), 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.65 (d, J = 10 Hz, 1H), 25 3.08 (s, 1H), 1.62 (s, 9H), 1.58 (s, 9H). 2 -(tert-Butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-ethynyl-benzoic acid tert-butyl ester (0.36 g, 1.04 mmol) was treated with 50 % trifluoroacetic acid/dichloromethane (15 ml) at room temperature for 3 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the residue was washed with water and 30 diethyl ether affording after drying 0.21 g (86 %) of the til compound. 'H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 8 8.23 (d, J = 10 Hz, 1H), 8.05 (s, 1H), 7.76 (d, J = 10 Hz, 1H), 4.24 (s, 1H). LC/MS [M-H]: 232.07 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 95 HPLC (254.4 nm): 3.112 s, (49 %). 5 EXAMPLE 24 0 / 0OH -N - \H 0 OH 5-(3-Dimethylamino-prop-1-ynyl)-2-(oxalyvl-amina)-benzoic acid: 10 To a solution of 5-lodoanthranilic acid (3.0 g, 11.4 mmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (4 ml, 22.8 mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (40 ml) was added imidazol-1-yl-oxo-acetic acid tert-butyl ester (4.47g, 22.8 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. The solvents were evaporated in vacuo and the crude mixture extracted into ethyl acetate (70 ml). The organic extract was washed with 1% hydrochloric acid (2 x 15 ml) and brine (10 15 ml) and the solvent was evaporated in vacuo affording 2.8 g (63 %) of 2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl amino)-5-iodo-benzoic acid as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI 3 ) 6 8.57 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 8.43 (d, J = 2 Hz, 1H), 8.00 (dd, J = 9 Hz, 2 Hz, 1H), 1.59 (s, 9H). 20 To a solution of 2 -(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-iodo-benzoic acid (2.1 g, 5.37 mmol) in di chloromethane (15 ml) under nitrogen was added triethylamine (3.75 ml, 26.85 mmol) and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (0.1 g). Methoxymethyl chloride (1.2 ml, 16.11 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 4 h and concentrated in vacuo to a minimum volume which was loaded directly onto a silica gel column, eluting with 50 % ethyl acetate/hexane. 25 Pure fractions were combined and concentrated to give 1.5 g (64 %) of 2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl amino)-5-iodo-benzoic acid methoxymethyl ester as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI 3 ) 6 8.56 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 8.42 (s, 1H), 7.89 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 5.54 (s, 2H), 3.60 (s, 3H), 1.61 (s, 9H). 30 A solution of 2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-iodo-benzoic acid methoxymethyl ester (0.16 g, 0.37 mmol), triethylamine (51 l, 0.37 mmol) and 1-dimethylamino-2-propyne (0.12 ml, 1.11 mmol) was prepared in anhydrous acetonitrile (3 ml) and purged with argon. Dichlorobis- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 96 (triphenylphosphine)palladium (11) (5 mg, 0.0074 mmol) and copper(l) iodide (1 mg, 0.0074 mmol) were added and the reaction stirred at 60 'C under argon for 18 h. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the residue redissolved in ethyl acetate (10 ml). The organic phase was washed with 1% hydrochloric acid (5 ml) and the aqueous phase extracted with addi 5 tional ethyl acetate. The combined organic extracts were washed with brine (5 ml), dried (Na 2

SO

4 ) and concentrated to an oil. The crude oil was dissolved in dichloromethane and purified by silica gel chromatography using 5 % methanol/dichloromethane/0.1 % triethy lamine as eluent. Pure fractions were combined to give 81 mg (60 %) of 2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl amino)-5-(3-dimethylamino-prop-1-ynyl)-benzoic acid methoxymethyl ester as an oil. 10 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI 3 ) 6 12.52 (s, 1H), 8.75 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 8.21 (s, 1H), 7.64 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 5.53 (s, 2H), 3.59 (s, 3H), 3.46 (s, 2H), 2.38 (s, 6H), 1.61 (s, 9H). 2-(tert-Butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-(3-dimethylamino-prop-1-ynyl)-benzoic acid methoxymethyl ester (32.3 mg) was treated with 50 % trifluoroacetic acid/dichloromethane (3 ml) at room 15 temperature for 2 h. The mixture was concentrated to a solid in vacuo and the resulting solid was washed with dichloromethane which afforded 20 mg (83 %) of the title compound as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-de) 5 8.60 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 8.05 (s, 1H), 7.60 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 20 4.07 (s, 2H), 2.73 (s, 6H). EXAMPLE 25 0 OH H -- N N OH N 0 H 25 5-(2-((1-Benzylcarbamoyl-3-methyl-buty)-isopropyl-carbamoyl)-vinyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino) benzoic acid; 5-(2-((1 -Benzylcarbamoyl-3-methyl-butyl)-isopropyl-carbamoyl)-vinyl)-2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl 30 amino)-benzoic acid methoxymethyl ester (0.14 g, 0.22 mmol) was treated with a solution of WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 97 50 % trifluoroacetic acid/dichloromethane (6 ml) for 2.5 h. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo and precipitated from water. The resulting crystalline solid was filtered off and dried in vacuo to give 0.10 g (85 %) of the title compound as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 0D) 8 8.76 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 8.31 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 5 7.49 (d, J = 16 Hz, 1H), 7.46 -7.38 (m, 5H), 7.13 (d, J = 16 Hz, 1H), 4.49 (m, 1H), 4.10 (s, 2H), 3.95 (m, 1H), 2.49 (m, 1H), 1.90 (m, 1H), 1.56 (m, 1H), 1.38 (d, J = 6 Hz, 3H), 1.35 (d, J = 7 Hz, 3H), 0.97 (d, J = 6 Hz, 6H). LC/MS [M-H]: 522.55. 10 The following compounds were prepared in a similar way as described in Example 1. EXAMPLE 26 15 00 OH OH F 0 0 4-Fluoro-2-(oxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid: 1 H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-de) 8 7.11 (m, 1H), 8.12 (m, 1H), 8.42 (dd, 1H), 12.62 (s, 1H, 20 NHCO). EXAMPLE 27 o OH H HO \/ N OH 25 0 0 5-Hydroxy-2-(oxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid; 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 8 12.19 (s, 1H) 9.78 (bs, 1H) 8.44 (d, J = 10 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (d, J = 2 Hz, 1H), 7.05 (dd, J = 10 Hz, 2 Hz).

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 98 EXAMPLE 28 0 OH H N OH o 0 5 5-Methyl-2-(oxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid; 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 8 12.20 (s, 1H), 8.51 (d, J = 10 Hz, 1H), 7.83 (d, J = 2 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (dd, J = 10 Hz, 2 Hz, 1H), 2.29 (s, 3H). 10 EXAMPLE 29 0 OH NO - H I / N OH o 0 15 5-( 3 -Octyl-isoxazol-5-yl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid: To a solution of 2 -(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-iodo-benzoic acid (1.8 g, 4.6 mmol) and potas sium carbonate (1.6 g, 11.5 mmol) in acetone (15 ml) was added iodomethane (3 g). The 20 reaction was heated at reflux for 2 h. after which it was judged complete by tic analysis. The crude mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (75 ml), washed with water (2 x 15 ml), and brine (10 ml). The organic phase was concentrated in vacuo to give 1.8 g (94 %) of 2-(tert butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-iodo-benzoic acid methyl ester. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) 8 12.52 (s, 1H), 8.53 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 8.39 (s, 1H), 8.87 (d, J = 9 25 Hz, 1H), 3.98 (s, 3H), 1.61 (s, 9H). 2-(tert-Butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-iodo-benzoic acid methyl ester (0.86 g, 2.12 mmol), trimethyl silyl acetylene (2 ml), and triethylamine (1.2 ml, 8.48 mmol) were dissolved in N,N dimethylformamide (5 ml) and the solution purged with argon. Dichlorobis- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 99 (triphenylphosphine)palladium (11) (30 mg, 0.042 mmol) and copper(I)iodide (4 mg, 0.021 mmol) were added and the reaction stirred at 60 OC under argon for 3 h. The crude mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (40 ml) and washed with water (3 x 10 ml) and brine (2 x 10 ml). The organic phase was evaporated in vacuo to yield 0.8 g (99 %) of 2-(tert 5 Butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-trimethylsilanylethyny-benzoic acid methyl ester which was used without further purification. 2-(tert-Butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-trimethylsilanylethyny-benzoic acid methyl ester (0.15 g, 0.4 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (2 ml) and treated with a 0.9 M solution of tetrabuty lammonium fluoride and acetic acid (2:3) in tetrahydrofuran (0.44 ml, 0.4 mmol) for 3 h. The 10 volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the crude material extracted into ethyl acetate (25 ml). The ethyl acetate extract was washed with 1M hydrochloric acid (5 ml), saturated so dium bicarbonate (5 ml), brine (5 ml) and evaporated in vacuo affording 0.1 g (83 %) of 2 (tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-ethynyl-benzoic acid methyl ester as an oil. 15 A solution of 2 -(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-ethynyl-benzoic acid methyl ester (0.1 g, 0.33 mmol) and nonaldoxime (0.15 g, 0.99 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (3 ml) was treated with bleach (0.75 M, 1.3 ml, 0.99 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 24 h. Tic analysis showed presence of starting material so the reaction was heated to 35 0C for 12 h. The solvents were removed in vacuo and the crude material was dissolved in ethyl ace 20 tate (35 ml), washed with water (2 x 10 ml) and brine (10 ml). The organic extract was evaporated in vacuo affording 0.1 g (66 %) of 2 -(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-(3-octyl-isoxazol 4-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester as an oil. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI 3 ) 8 8.89 (d, J = 10 Hz, 1H), 8.52 (d, J = 1 Hz, 1H), 7.97 (dd, J = 10, 1 Hz, 1H), 6.41 (s, 1H), 4.02 (s, 3H), 2.73 (t, J = 8 Hz, 2H), 1.70 (m, 2H), 1.62 (s, 9H), 1.37 25 1.25 (bm, 12H), 0.89 (t, J = 8 Hz, 3H). To a solution of the above (isoxazol-4-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester (9.1 mg, 0.02 mmol) in 50 % methanol/tetrahydrofuran (2 ml) was added 1N lithium hydroxide (60 pI, 0.06 mmol) and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 48 h. The reaction was judged 30 to be incomplete by tic analysis (30 % methanol/dichloromethane) and additional 1 N lithium hydroxide was added (20 p, 0.02 mmol). The reaction was stirred for another 72 hours. pH of the reaction mixture was adjusted to around 0 by addition of 1 N hydrochloric acid. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the crude material was dissolved in ethyl acetate (20 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 100 ml). The organic layer was washed with brine (2 x 5 ml) and concentrated in vacuo affording 5.4 mg (70 %) of the title compound as a soild. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) 8 8.87 (d, J = 10 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (s, 1H), 8.04 (d, J = 10 Hz, 1H), 6.74 (s, 1H), 2.70 (t, J = 8 Hz, 2H), 1.72 (m, 2H), 1.38 -1.20 (bm, 12H), 0.90 (t, J = 8 Hz, 5 3H). 10 EXAMPLE 30 0 OH -H 0 N OH N 00 H N 5-(2-((1-Benzylcarbamoyl-3-methyl-butyl)-isopropyl-carbamoyl)-ethyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino) 15 benzoic acid: To a solution of isopropylamine (0.43 ml, 5.0 mmol) in methanol (5 ml) was added isovaler aldehyde (0.54 ml, 5.0 mmol). After 15 minutes of stirring a solution of benzylisocyanide in tetrahydrofuran (1 M, 5 ml, 5.0 mmol) was added followed by acrylic acid (0.34 ml, 5.0 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 72 h, the volatiles were removed in 20 yvacuo and the resulting oil dissolved in ethyl acetate (40 ml). The organic mixture was washed with 1N hydrochloric acid (10 ml) and brine (10 ml), dried (Na 2

SO

4 ) and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified by chromatography using a gradient from 30 % ethyl acetate/hexane to 50 % ethyl acetate/hexane. Pure fraction were collected and the solvent evaporated in vacuo which afforded 1.5 g (100 %) of N-(1-benzylcarbamoyl 25 3-methyl-butyl)-N-isopropyl-acrylamide as an oil. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 8 8.13 (bs, 1H), 7.30 - 7.19 (m, 5H), 6.49 (dd, J = 16 Hz, 12 Hz, 1H), 6.25 (d, J = 16 Hz, 1H), 5.66 (d, J = 12 Hz, 1H), 4.38 (d, J = 6 Hz, 2H), 4.10 -4.02 (m, 1H), 2.22- 2.13 (m, 1H), 1.76- 1.70 (m, 1H), 1.62- 1.54 (m, 2H), 1.25 (d, J = 7 Hz, 3H), 1.20 (d, J = 7 Hz, 3H), 0.94 (d, J = 7 Hz, 3H), 0.90 (d, J = 7 Hz, 3H). 30 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 101 A solution of N-(1-benzylcarbamoyl-3-methyl-butyl)-N-isopropyl-acrylamide (0.55 g, 1.74 mmol), 2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-iodo-benzoic acid methoxymethyl ester (0.5 g, 1.15 mmol), palladium acetate (3.0 mg, 0.023 mmol) and tri(o-tolyl)phosphine (10.0 mg, 0.07 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide under argon and heated to 100 oC with stirring for 3 h. The 5 reaction was cooled to room temperature and diluted in ethyl acetate (50 ml). The organic phase was washed with water (2 x 15 ml) and brine (10 ml), dried (Na 2

SO

4 ) and evaporated in vacuo. The crude oily material was purified by chromatography using 30 % ethyl ace tate/hexane as eluent. Pure fractions were collects and the solvent evaporated in vacuo af fording 0.15 g (20 %) of 5-( 2 -((1-Benzylcarbamoyl-3-methyl-butyl)-isopropyl-carbamoyl) 10 vinyl)-2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid methoxymethyl ester as an oil. 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 6 12.58 (s, 1H), 8.82 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 8.22 (s, 1H), 7.80 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (d, J = 16 Hz, 1H), 7.30 - 7.22 (m, 5H), 6.80 (d, J = 16 Hz, 1H), 5.58 (s, 2H), 4.43 (bs, 2H), 4.21 - 4.15 (m, 1H), 3.60 (s, 3H), 2.21 -2.16 (m, 1H), 1.82 - 1.78 (m, 1H), 1.61 (s, 9H), 1.61 - 1.58 (m, 1H), 1.35 (d, J = 7 Hz, 3H), 1.24 (t, J = 7 Hz, 3H), 0.99 (d, J = 7 Hz, 15 3H), 0.94 (d, J = 7 Hz, 3H). To a solution of 5-(2-((1-benzylcarbamoyl-3-methyl-butyl)-isopropyl-carbamoyl)-vinyl)-2-(tert butoxyoxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid methoxymethyl ester (10.7 mg, 0.017 mmol) in methanol (1 ml) was added 5 % palladium/carbon (2.2 mg) and the resulting mixture was stirred under 20 hydrogen gas (30 psi) for 3 h. The mixture was filtered through celite and evaporated in vacuo. NMR indicated that the reaction was not complete so it was subjected to the hydro genation conditions for another 4 h. The mixture was filtered and evaporated in vacuo again affording 8.9 mg (83 %) of 5-( 2 -((1-benzylcarbamoyl-3-methyl-butyl)-isopropyl-carbamoyl) ethyl)-2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid methoxymethyl ester as an oil. 25 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI 3 ) 8 12.41 (s, 1H), 8.68 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 8.07 (bs, 1H), 7.98 (s, 1H), 7.43 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 7.30 - 7.22 (m, 5H), 5.52 (s, 2H), 4.45 - 4.33 (m, 2H), 4.04 3.96 (m, 2H), 3.58 (s, 3H), 2.95 (t, J = 7 Hz, 2H), 2.72 - 2.61 (m, 2H), 2.30 (m, 1H), 1.62 (s, 9H), 1.59 (m, 1H partially obscured by neighboring singlet), 1.22 (d, J = 6 Hz, 6H), 0.95 (d, J = 7 Hz, 3H), 0.91 (d, J = 7 Hz, 3H). 30 5-(2-((1 -Benzylcarbamoyl-3-methyl-butyl)-isopropyl-carbamoyl)-ethyl)-2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl amino)-benzoic acid methoxymethyl ester (4 mg, 0.0064 mmol) was dissolved in acetone (3 ml) and treated with 3 drops of 1N hydrochloric acid. The reaction was stirred for 2 days, af ter which the acetone was evaporated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 102 (10 ml), washed with brine (2 x 2ml) and evaporated in vacuo. The resulting oil was treated with 20 % trifluoroacetic acid/dichloromethane (3 ml) for 3 h. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo affording 2 mg (61 %) of the title compound as an oil. 'H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 0D) 8 8.64 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 8.00 (s, 1H), 7.51 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 5 7.50 - 7.40 (m, 5H), 4.17 (t, J = 8 Hz, 1H), 4.14 (s, 2H), 3.73 (m, 1H), 2.95 (t, J = 6 Hz, 2H), 2.82 - 2.63 (m, 2H), 2.42 (m, 1H), 1.80 (m, 1H), 1.30 (m, 1H), 1.26 (d, J = 6 Hz, 3H), 1.10 (d, J = 6 Hz, 3H), 0.90 (d, J = 6 Hz, 6H). LC/MS [M-H]: 524.74 10 EXAMPLE 31 0 OH 0 N OH N 0 0

H

2 N 0 15 5-(2-((1-Carbamoyl- 3 -methyl-butyl)-isopropy-carbamoyl)-ethyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-benzoi 5-(2-((1-BenzYcarbamoyl-3-methyl-butyl)-isopropyl-carbamoyl)-vinyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino) benzoic acid (33 mg, 0.063 mmol) and 10 % palladium/carbon was mixed in methanol (3 ml) 20 and stirred under hydrogen gas (1 atm) for 18 h. The mixture was filtered through celite and the volatiles were evaporated in vacuo affording 27 mg (99 %) of the title compound. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) 8 8.64 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 8.00 (s, 1H), 7.51 (d, J = 9 Hz, 1H), 4.17 (t, J = 8 Hz, 1H), 3.72 (m, 1H), 2.96 (t, J = 6 Hz, 2H), 2.82-2.63 (m, 2H), 2.41 (m, 1H), 1.80 (m, 1H), 1.30 (m, 1H), 1.25 (d, J = 6 Hz, 3H), 1.13 (d, J = 6 Hz, 3H), 0.90 (d, J = 6 Hz, 25 6H). LC/MS [M-H]: 435.66 30 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 103 EXAMPLE 32 OH O 0 SH 5 2-((5-Mercapto-[ 1. 3 ,41oxadiazole-2-carbonyl)-amino)-benzoic acid: To a solution of 2-(Ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid (2.0 g, 8.43 mmol) in ethanol (75 ml) was added hydrazine hydrate (0.8 g, 16.86 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at reflux temperature for 3 h. To the cooled reaction was added water (200 ml) and the mixture was acidified with 1 N hydrochloric acid to pH = 4. The precipitate was filtered off, washed with 10 water and dried in vacuo at 50 oC for 16 h which afforded 1.4 g (69 %) of 2-(hydrazinooxalyl amino)-benzoic acid as a solid. To a solution of the above 2 -(hydrazinooxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid (1.0 g, 4.15 mmol) in methanol (20 ml) cooled to 0 oC was added potassium hydroxide (0.5 g, 8.72 mmol) and 15 carbondisulfide (0.7 g, 9.54 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at reflux temperature for 6 h. To the cooled reaction was added water (100 ml) and the mixture was acidified with 1 N hydrochloric acid to pH = 1. The precipitate was filtered off, washed with water and heptane and dried in vacuo at 50 oC. The dried product (0.65 g) was purified by silica gel (400 ml) chromatography using 5 % acetic acid in ethyl acetate as eluent. Pure fractions 20 were collected and the volatiles were evaporated in vacuo. The residue was washed with water and dried in vacuo at 50 oC for 16 h affording 0.4 g (36 %) of the title compound as a solid. M.p.: 236 - 237 'C Calculated for Co 1 0

H

7

N

3 0 4 S; 25 C, 45.28 %; H, 2.66 %; N, 15.84 %. Found: C, 45.48 %; H, 2.66 %; N, 15.36 %. 30 EXAMPLE 33 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 104 0 O-H 0 H Ny OH - 0 N 3-(Oxalyl-amino)-isonicotinic acid: 5 To a stirred solution of 3-amino-isonicotinic acid (0.5 g, 3.62 mmol) and triethylamine (1 ml) in dry tetrahydrofuran (50 ml) at 0 0C was added dropwise ethyl oxalyl chloride (0.5 g, 3.69 mmol). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 h, filtered and the volatiles were evaporated in vacuo. To the residue was added water (50 ml) and the re sulting mixture was extracted with diethyl ether (2 x 50 ml). The organic phase was washed 10 with saturated aqueous sodium chloride (50 ml), dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and the solvent evaporated in vacuo affording 0.4 g (46 %) of 3 -(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-isonicotinic acid as a solid. To a solution of the above isonicotinic acid (0.4 g, 1.7 mmol) in ethanol (25 ml) was added a 15 solution of sodium hydroxide (141 mg, 3.53 mmol) in water (10 ml). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 h. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the residue dissolved in water (50 ml) and washed with diethyl ether (50 ml). To the aqueous phase was added 1 N hydrochloric acid to pH = 1. The precipitate was filtered off and dried in vacuo at 50 oC for 18 h. The dried solid residue was washed with boiling ace 20 tone (50 ml) for 5 min. filtered off and dried in vacuo at 50 oC affording 80 mg (22 %) of the title compound as a solid. M.p.: > 250 oC; Calculated for CH 6

N

2 0 5 ; 25 C, 45.72 %; H, 2.88 %; N, 13.33 %. Found: C, 45.62 %; H, 2.98 %; N, 13.04 %. 30 EXAMPLE 34 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 105 0 H OH N H O<\N 0 N H 0 OH 5-(Oxalyl-amino)-2. 6-dioxo-1,2.3, 6-tetrahydro-pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid: To a solution of 5-Aminoorotic acid (61.1mg, 0.36 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (1 ml) was added 5 imidazol-1-yl-oxo-acetic acid tert-butyl ester (140 mg, 0.71 mmol) and triethylamine (50 Rl, 0.36 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 h. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (5.0 ml) and washed with 1 % hydro chloric acid (2 x 2 ml) then water (2 x 2 ml). The organic phase was dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The residue was purified by preparative TLC (Kieselgel 10 60F 2 54, 0.5 mm, hexane:ethyl acetate, 80:20) which afforded 30 mg (28 %) of 5-(tert butoxyoxalyl-amino)-2,6-dioxo-1,2,3, 6 -tetrahydro-pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI 3 ) 6 1.80 (s, 9H), 7.56 (s, 2H), 8.96 (s, 1H). 5-(tert-Butoxyoxalyl-amino)-2,6-dioxo-1,2,3, 6 -tetrahydro-pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid (28 mg, 15 0.094 mmol) was stirred in 20 % trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane (1.0 ml) at room temperature for 2 h. The reaction mixture was co-evaporated in vacuo with toluene to com plete dryness which afforded 22.6 mg (100 %) of the title compound as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) 8 7.30 (s, 2H). 20 EXAMPLE 35 0 OH N N OH O OH 3-(Oxalyl-amino)-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid; To a solution of 3-aminopyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (64.2 mg, 0.46 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran 25 (1 ml) was added imidazol-1-yl-oxo-acetic acid tert-butyl ester (181mg, 0.92 mmol) and triethylamine (64.3 p.l, 0.46 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 h. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (5.0 ml) and washed with 1 % hydrochloric acid (2 x 2 ml) then water (2 x 2 ml). The organic phase was dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and the solvent evaporated in v..U. The residue was washed WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 106 with diethyl ether (4 x 1.0 ml) affording 48 mg (39 %) of 3-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-pyrazine 2-carboxylic acid as a solid. 'H NMR (CDCI 3 + CD 3 OD) 8 1.70 (s, 9H), 8.02 (d, 1H, J = 1.5 Hz), 8.36 (d, 1H, J = 1.5 Hz). 5 3-(tert-Butoxyoxalyl-amino)-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (31.7 mg, 0.12 mmol) was stirred in 20 % trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane (1 ml) at room temperature for 2 h. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the residue co-evaporated with toluene in vacuo affording 25 mg (100 %) of the title compound as a solid. 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 8 7.80 (d, 1H, J = 1.5 Hz), 8.15 (d, 1H, J = 1.5 Hz), 8.62 (s, 1H). 10 EXAMPLE 36 0 OH o O OH 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-nicotinic acid: 15 To a solution of 2-aminonicotinic acid (61.4 mg, 0.45 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (1 ml) was added imidazol-1-yl-oxo-acetic acid tert-butyl ester (174.2mg, 0.89 mmol) and triethylamine (62 tl, 0.45 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (5.0 ml) and washed with 20 1% hydrochloric acid (2 x 2 ml) then water (2 x 2 ml). The organic phase was dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The residue (125 mg) was purified by prepara tive TLC (Kieselgel 60F 254 , 1mm, CH 2

CI

2 /MeOH, 80/20) affording 7.9 mg (7 %) of 2-(tert butoxyoxalyl-amino)-nicotinic acid as a solid. 'H NMR (400 MHz, CD30D) 8 1.80 (s, 9H), 7.40 (m, 1H), 8.50 - 8.70 (m, 2H). 25 2-(tert-Butoxyoxalyl-amino)-nicotinic acid (7.1 mg, 0.03 mmol) was stirred in 20 % trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane (0.5 ml) at room temperature for 2 h. The volatiles were evaporated to dryness in vacuo affording 5.6 mg (100 %) of the title compound as a solid. 30 'H NMR (400 MHz, CD30D) 6 7.40 (m, 1H), 8.50 - 8.70 (m, 2H).

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 107 EXAMPLE 37 0 0 - Li N o O,-O" Li 5 6 -Chloro-5-isopropylamino-3-(oxalyl-amino)-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid. dilithium salt: To a solution of 3 -amino-6-chloro-5-isopropylamino-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (65.4 mg, 0.27 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (1 ml) was added imidazol-1-yl-oxo-acetic acid tert-butyl ester (104.8 mg, 0.54 mmol) and triethylamine (37.4 pl, 0.27 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 10 room temperature for 20 h followed by heating to 50 oC for 1.5 h. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (5.0 ml) and washed with 1 % hydro chloric acid (2 x 2 ml) then water (2 x 2 ml). The organic phase was dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and the solvent evaporated in vacuo affording crude 97 mg (97 %) of 3-(tert-butoxyoxalyl amino)-6-chloro-5-isopropylamino-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid as an oil. 15 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 8 1.50 (d, 6H), 1.80 (s, 9H), 4.10 (s, 3H), 4.40 (m, 1H). 3 -(terft-Butoxyoxalyl-amino)-6-chloro-5-isopropylamino-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (30 mg, 0.1 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (1 ml) and 1.0 N lithium hydroxide (1 ml, 1 mmol) was added at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred for 3 days at room tem 20 perature. After removing the solvent in vacuo, the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (20 ml) and washed with water (4 x 3.0 ml). The organic phase was dried (Na 2

SO

4 ), filtered and the solvent evaporation in vacuo affording 21 mg (82 %) of the title compound as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) 6 1.42 (d, 6H), 4.50 (m, 1H). MS m/z 228 (M-74). 25 EXAMPLE 38 - Li Nl Li CI / O CI O O Li WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 108 5.6-Dichloro-3-(oxalyl-amino)-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid, dilithium salt: To a solution of 3-amino-5,6-dichloro-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (57 mg, 0.26 mmol) in tetra 5 hydrofuran (0.5 ml) was added imidazol-1-yl-oxo-acetic acid tert-butyl ester (100.6 mg, 0.513 mmol) and triethylamine (35.8 gl, 0.26 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 h followed by heating at 40 oC for 4 h. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (5.0 ml) and washed with 1 % hydrochloric acid (2 x 2 ml) then water (2 x 2 ml). The organic phase was dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and the solvent 10 evaporated in vacuo. The residual oil was purified by preparative tic (Kieselgel 60F 2 4, 1 mm, hexane: ethyl acetate, 1:1) affording 23.6 mg (26 %) of 3-(tedt-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5,6 dichloro-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid as an oil. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 8 1.58 (s, 9H), 1.80 (s, 9H), 3.90 (s, 3H). 15 To a solution of 3 -(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5,6-dichloro-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (23 mg, 0.07 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (0.5 ml) was added al.0 N aqueous solution of lithium hy droxide (0.5 ml) and the resulting mixture was stirred for 3 days. After removing the solvent in vacuo, the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (20 ml) and washed with water (4 x 3.0 ml). The organic phase was dried (Na 2

SO

4 ), filtered and the solvent evaporation in vacuo 20 affording 14 mg (80 %) of the title compound as a solid. MS m/z 290.3 (M-74). EXAMPLE 39 25 0 OH H OH O N O 0 N H 2-Methyl-4-(oxalyl-amino)-1 H-pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid: 30 To a stirred solution of 4-(methoxyoxalyl-amino)-2-methyl-1 H-pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid tert butyl ester (2.0 g, 7.09 mmol) in dichloromethane (20 ml) was added trifluoro acetic acid (10 ml). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The volatiles WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 109 were evaporated in vacuo affording 1.6 g (100 %) of 4-(methoxyoxalyl-amino)-2-methyl-1H pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid as a solid. To a solution of the above pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid (1.2 g, 5.31 mmol) in ethanol (100 ml) 5 was added a solution of sodium hydroxide (0.47 g, 11.7 mmol) in water (50 ml). The result ing reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 h. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the residue dissolved in water (100 ml). To the aqueous phase was added con centrated hydrochloric acid to pH = 1. The suspension was washed with ethyl acetate (50 ml) and dichloromethane (50 ml) and the precipitate was filtered off and dried in vacuo at 50 10 oC for 2 h. The solid was dissolved in isopropanol (100 ml), filtered and evaporated in vacuo affording 0.4 g (36%) of the title compound as a solid. Calculated for C 8

H

8

N

2 0s, 0.1 x H 2 0; C, 44.91 %; H, 3.86 %; N, 12.98 %. Found: 15 C, 45.06 %; H, 3.89 %; N, 12.72 %. EXAMPLE 40 20 O OH NN 0 OH 1-Benzyl-3-(oxalyl-amino)-1 H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid 25 To a stirred solution of 3-amino-1 H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (5.0 g, 0.032 mol) and triethylamine (9 ml) in dry tetrahydrofuran (150 ml) at 0 OC was added dropwise ethyl oxalyl chloride (5.3 g, 0.039 mol). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room tem perature for 18 h. An additional portion of ethyl oxalyl chloride (5.3 g, 0.039 mol) was added 30 dropwise and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for an additional 18 h. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the residue dissolved in a mixture of water (200 ml) and ethyl acetate (200 ml). Undissolved matter was filtered off and dried in vacuo at 50 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 110 oC for 18 h affording 4.0 g (49 %) of 3 -(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-1 H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester as a solid. The organic phase separated and washed with saturated aqueous so dium chloride (100 ml), dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and the solvent evaporated in vacuo affording 3.7 g (45%) of 3-(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-1lH-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester as a solid. A 5 total yield of 7.7 g (94 %) was obtained. To a solution of the above pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (3.7 g, 0.015 mol) in dry N,N-dimethylformamide (75 ml) was added sodium hydride (640 mg, 0.016 mol, 60 % in mineral oil). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 h. To the 10 reaction mixture was added benzyl bromide (2.7 g, 0.016 mol) and the mixture was stirred at 50 oC for 4 h. Water (100 ml) was added and the reaction mixture was extracted with diethyl ether (2 x 100 ml). The combined organic extracts were washed with water (100 ml) satu rated aqueous sodium chloride (2 x 50 ml), dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and the solvent evapo rated in vacuo. The residue (3.8 g) was purified on silicagel (800 ml) using a mixture of ethyl 15 acetate and heptane (1:1) as eluent. Pure fractions were collected and the solvent evapo rated in vacuo affording 0.9 g (18 %) of 1-benzoyl-3-(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-1 H-pyrazole-4 carboxylic acid ethyl ester as a solid. Unpure fraction were collected and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The residue (1.0 g) was crystallised from diethyl ether (30 ml), filtered off and dried in vacuo at 50 OC for 2 h affording 20 0.9 g (18 %) of 1-benzoyl- 3 -(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-lH-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester as a solid. A total yield of 1.8 g (36 %) were collected. To a solution of the above 1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (0.9 g, 2.61 mmol) in ethanol (50 ml) was added a solution of sodium hydroxide (0.26 g, 6.51 mmol) in water (25 25 ml). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 60 h. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the residue dissolved in water (100 ml). To the aqueous phase was added concentrated hydrochloric acid to pH = 1. The precipitate was filtered off and dried in vacuo at 50 oC for 18 h. affording 0.55 g (73 %) of the title compound as a solid. 30 M.p.: 189 - 191 OC: Calculated for C 1 3

H

1 1

N

3 0 5 , 1.75 x H 2 0; C, 48.68 %; H, 4.56 %; N, 13.10 %. Found: C, 48.81 %; H, 4.17 %; N, 12.84 %.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 111 EXAMPLE 41 0 OH 5 0 OH 4-Cyclohexyl-2-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid: To a solution of 4 -cyclohexyl-2-(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid (60 mg, 10 0.18 mmol) in ethanol (10 ml) was added a solution of 1N sodium hydroxide (0.5 ml) in water (5 ml). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 h. To the reac tion mixture was added concentrated hydrochloric acid to pH = 1. The precipitate was filtered off and dried in vacuo at 50 °C for 18 h. affording 30 mg (55 %) of the title compound as a solid. 15 M.p.: > 250 oC: Calculated for C 1 3

H

15

NO

5 S, 1.5 x H 2 0; C, 48.14 %; H, 5.59 %; N, 4.32 %. Found: C, 47.84 %; H, 9.92 %; N, 4.21%. 20 EXAMPLE 42

-

0 OH N 0 25 0 OH 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-4-phenyl-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 112 To a solution of 4-phenyl-2-(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (2.2 g, 6.33 mmol) in ethanol (50 ml) was added sodium hydroxide (630 mg, 15.83 mmol) in wa ter (25 ml). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 h., the volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in water (100 ml) and 5 washed with diethyl ether (2 x 100 ml). To the aqueous phase was added concentrated hy drochloric acid to pH = 1 and the resulting mixture was extracted with diethyl ether (2 x 100 ml). The combined organic phases were washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride (100 ml), dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and evaporated in vacuo affording 0.8 g of a mixture of mono ethyl ester and title compound according to NMR. The product mixture was dissolved 10 in a mixture of ethanol (40 ml), water (20 ml) and sodium hydroxide (400 mg) and the re sulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 h, the volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in water (50 ml) and washed with diethyl ether (50 ml). To the aqueous phase was added concentrated hydrochloric acid to pH = 1 and the precipi tate was filtered off, washed with diethyl ether and dissolved in 2-propanol (25 ml). Undis 15 solved matter was filtered off and the organic phase evaporated in vacuo affording 180 mg (10 %) of the title compound as a solid. M.p.: 196 - 198 oC: Calculated for C1 3

H

9 NOsS, 0.5 H 2 0; C, 52.00 %; H, 3.36 %; N, 4.66 %. Found: 20 C, 52.21 %; H, 3.44 %; N, 4.50 % EXAMPLE 43 HO S\_ 0 1 0 O H F 25 5-( 4 -Fluoro-phenyl)-3-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-2carboxylic acid: A solution of 5-( 4 -fluorophenyl)-3-aminothiophene-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (1.0 g, 4.0 mmol) and triethylamine (11.1, 80 mmol) in dry tetrahydrofuran (40 ml) was cooled on ice and dropwise added ethyl oxalyl chloride (1.2 g, 9.0 mmol). After stirring for 2h, the reaction 30 mixture was filtered and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in di chloromethane, washed with 0.1 N hydrochloric acid (2 x-dicared). The organic phase was WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 113 dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The residue was submitted to flash chromatography using toluene/ethyl acetate (19:1) as eluent, to give 1.19 g (85 %) of 5-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(ethoxyoxalylamino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester. 5 To a solution of 5-( 4 -fluorophenyl)-3-(ethoxyoxalylamino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (1.19 g, 3.4 mmol) in methanol (150 ml) was added 2 N sodium hydroxide (20 ml). The reaction mixture was stirred at 60 0C for 18 h. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo. The residue was added water and 1N hydrochloric acid (pH = 1), and the product extracted with a mixture of dichloromethane/2-propanol. The organic phases were dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered 10 and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The product was recrystallised from methanol/water to give 619 mg (67 %) of the title compound as a solid. Calculated for C 1 3 HFNOsS, 0.5 H 2 0; C, 49.06 %; H, 2.83%; N, 4.40 %. Found: 15 C, 49.06 %; H, 2.72%; N, 4.31%. In a similar way as described in Example 43 the following compounds were prepared. EXAMPLE 44 20 HO 0 S H O OH 5-( 4 -Isobutyl-phenyl)-3-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid: Calculated for C 1 7

H

17 NOsS, 0.33 x H 2 0; 25 C, 57.79 %; H, 5.00 %; N, 3.96 %. Found: C, 57.79 %; H, 5.08 %; N, 3.89 %. EXAMPLE 45 30 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 114 HO 0 //-4 ci 5-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-3-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid, mono sodium salt; 5 M.p.: > 250 oC: Calculated for C 13

H

7 CINOsSNa, lx H 2 0; C, 42.63 %; H, 2.52 %; N, 3.55 %. Found: C, 42.69 %; H, 2.48 %; N, 3.83 %. 10 EXAMPLE 46 HO 0 s H N O0 S1 O OH 15 4-(Oxalyl-amino)-[2. 31-bithiophenyl-5-carboxylic acid: M.p.: 220 - 222 oC: 20 Calculated for C 11

H

7 NOsS 2 ; C, 44.44 %; H, 2.37 %; N, 4.71%. Found: C, 44.17 %; H, 2.43 %; N, 4.54 %. 25 EXAMPLE 47 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 115 HO S 0Na 3-(Oxalyl-amino)-5-phenyl-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid, mono sodium salt: 5 M.p.: > 250 oC: Calculated for C 1 3 HNOsSNa, 1.6 x H 2 0; C, 45.64 %; H, 3.30 %; N, 4.09 %. Found: C, 45.25 %; H, 2.93 %; N, 3.92 %. 10 EXAMPLE 48 15 HO O S O" Na 0 0 3-(Oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid, mono sodium salt: M.p.: > 250 OC: 20 Calculated for C 7

H

7

NO

5 SNa, 1.5 x H 2 0; C, 31.83 %; H, 2.67 %; N, 5.30 %. Found: C, 32.23 %; H, 3.14 %; N, 5.15%. 25 EXAMPLE 49 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 116 o OH s o 00O Na 4-Methyl-3-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid, mono sodium salt: M.p.: 232 - 234 oC: 5 Calculated for CsH 6 NOsSNa, 1.5 x H 2 0; C, 34.54 %; H, 3.26 %; N, 5.03 %. Found: C, 34.58 %; H, 3.30 %; N, 4.81%. 10 EXAMPLE 50 0 OH SO I I, ~ O OH s~ 0 3 -(Oxalyl-amino)-5-(4-phenoxy-phenyl)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid 15 M.p.: 230 OC (decomp.) Calculated for C, 19

H

1 3

NO

6 S, 1.25 x H 2 0 C, 56.22 %; H, 3.85 %; N, 3.45 %. Found: C, 56.00 %; H, 3.57 %; N, 3.39 %. 20 EXAMPLE 51 0 OH s0 0 0 OH 25 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 117 5-(4-Benzyloxy-phenyl)-3-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid M.p.: 210 oC (decomp.) Calculated for C 20 Hs 15

NO

6 S 5 C, 60.45 %; H, 3.80 %; N, 3.52 %. Found: C, 59.94 %; H, 3.79 %; N, 4.45 %. 10 EXAMPLE 52 0 OH O..O OH 5-(4-(4-Methoxy-phenoxy)-phenyl)-3-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid 15 M.p.: 215 °C (decomp.) Calculated for C 20

H

1 5 N0 7 S, 1.5 H 2 0 C, 54.54 %; H, 4.12 %; N, 3.18 %. Found: C, 54.80 %; H, 3.88 %; N, 3.15 %. 20 EXAMPLE 53 0 OH s0 O0- Na HO 5-(4-Hydroxy-phenyl)-3-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid, mono sodium salt 25 M.p.: 205 - 206 oC Calculated for C 13

H

9

NO

6 SNa 1 , 0.75 x H 2 0 C, 45.42 %; H, 3.08 %; N, 4.07 %. Found: C, 45.11 %; H, 3.16 %; N, 3.98%.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 118 EXAMPLE 54 0 oN S o' S o OH 5 5-(3-Nitro-phenyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid: To 3-nitrophenethyl alcohol (102 mg, 0.61 mmol) in dichloromethane (2.2 ml) at room tem perature under nitrogen was added a solution of Dess-Martin periodinane reagent (285 mg, 10 0.67 mmol) in dichloromethane (2.7 ml). The reaction was stirred at room temperature under nitrogen for 45 minutes, at which time tic analysis (hexane/ethyl acetate, 50/50) indicated the reaction was complete. Diethyl ether (5.0 ml) was added followed by a solution of 10 % so dium sulfite/saturated sodium bicarbonate (1:1, 5.0 ml). The emulsion gradually turned to a clear heterogeneous solution after standing for 10 minutes. Additional dichloromethane was 15 added and the organic phase was washed with water (5 ml), dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and evaporated in vacuo which afforded 100 mg (100 %) of 3-nitrophenyl-acetaldehyde as a clear oil. The aldehyde was used without further purification in the next step. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 5 3.90 (s, 2H), 7.65 (d, 2H), 8.20 (s, 1H), 8.25 (m, 1H), 9.90 (s, 1 H). 20 A mixture of tert-butyl cyanoacetate (67 mg, 0.48 mmol), 3-nitrophenyl acetaldehyde (86 mg, 0.52 mmol), triethylamine (73 plI, 0.52 mmol) and elemental sulfur (17 mg, 0.52 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (0.5 ml) was stirred at 60 0C for 1.5 h. After cooling to room tem perature, the dark solution was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water (3 x 5 ml). 25 The organic layer was dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and the solvent evaporated in vacuo which afforded crude 2 -amino-5-(3-nitro-phenyl)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (191 mg). Purification by preparative TLC (hexane/ethyl acetate, 80/20) afforded 74 mg (49 %) of 2 -amino-5-(3-nitro-phenyl)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 8 1.56 (s, 9H), 6.05 (s, 2H), 7.20 (s, 1H), 7.40 (t, 1H), 7.68 (d, 30 1H), 7.90 (d, 1H), 8.25 (s, 1H).

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 119 A solution of 2 -amino-5-(3-nitro-phenyl)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (66 mg, 0.21 mmol), imidazol-1-yl-oxoacetic acid tert-butyl ester (202 mg, 1.03 mmol) and triethy lamine (40.4 pl, 0.21 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (0.5 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate and 5 washed successively with water (3 x 5 ml) and brine (5ml). The organic layer was dried (Na 2

SO

4 ), filtered and the solvent evaporated in vacuo affording crude product. Purification by preparative TLC gave 91 mg (98 %) of 2 -(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-(3-nitrophenyl) thiophene-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. IH NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 8 1.54 (s, 9H), 1.62 (s, 9H), 7.5 (s, 1H), 7.55 (t, 1H, J = 8.4 Hz), 10 7.84 (d, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz), 8.16 (d, 1H, J = 8.4 Hz), 8.45 (s, 1H). MS m/z: 447 (M-1). The above 3-nitrophenyl-thiophene (85 mg, 0.19 mmol) was dissolved in a 20 % solution of 15 trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane (3.0 ml) and stirred at room temperature for 6 h. The solution was co-evaporated in vacuo with toluene affording 64 mg (100 %) of the title com pound. 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) 8 7.71 (t, 1H, J = 8.25 Hz), 7.8 (s, 1H), 8.1 (d, 1H, J = 7.5 Hz), 8.2 (d, 1 H, J = 9 Hz), 7.86 (m, 1H). 20 MS m/z: 335 (M-1). The following examples were prepared in a similar way as described in Example 54. EXAMPLE 55 25 0 OH HO 0 OH 2 -(Oxalyl-amino)-5-(phenyl-methyl)thiophene-3-carboxylic acid M.p.: 230 - 231 0C 30 Calculated for C 1 4 HllNO 5 S. C, 54.89 %; H, 3.63 %; N, 4.40 %. Found: WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 120 C, 54.94 %; H, 3.63 %; N, 4.43 %. 5 EXAMPLE 56 0 OH \ O OH 5-(Naphthalen-2-yl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid; 10 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 0D) 8 7.42- 7.49 (m, 2H), 7.66 (d, 1H, J = 4.5 Hz), 7.75 (m, 1H), 7.8 - 7.9 (m, 3H), 8.04 (d, 1H ,J = 7.5 Hz). MS m/z: 340 (M-1). 15 EXAMPLE 57 0 OH N N \ S O OH 2 -(Oxalyl-amino)-5-phenyl-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid: M.p.: 238 - 240 oC 20 'H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) 8 7.3 (t, 1 H, J = 4.5 Hz), 7.38 (t, 1 H, J = 4.5Hz), 7.54 (s, 1H), 7.61 (m, 3H). Calculated for C 1 3

H

9 NOsS, 1 x H 2 0; 25 C, 47.13 %; H, 3.04 %; N, 4.23 %. Found: C, 47.34 %; H, 3.53 %; N, 4.20 %.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 121 EXAMPLE 58 0 OH o F S O OH 5 5-(2-Fluoro-phenyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acidR 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 0D) 8 7.18 -7.23 (m, 2H), 7.30 (m, 1H), 7.63 -7.69 (m, 2H). MS m/z: 308 (M-1). 10 15 EXAMPLE 59 O OH 0 OH 5-( 3 -Chloro-phenyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-3carboxylic acid: Yield: 99 %. 20 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) 8 7.28 (m, 1H), 7.38 (m, 1H), 7.52 -7.61 (m, 3H). MS m/z: 324 (M-1). 25 EXAMPLE 60 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 122 0 OH

~

s 0 OH CI 5-(2 4-Dichloro-phenyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) 5 7.37 (m, 1H), 7.39 (m, 1H), 7.52-7.58 (m, 3H). 5 MS m/z: 358 (M-1). EXAMPLE 61 o OH O OH Br 10 5-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) 8 7.51 (s, 4H), 7.54 (s, 1H). MS m/z: 370 (M-1). 15 EXAMPLE 62 0 OH N 0 0 OH 20 5-Ethyl-2-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD30D) 8 1.35 ( t, 3H, J = 3.75), 2.95 (q, 2H), 7.05 (s, 1H). MS m/z: 170.2 (M-73) (-COCOOH), 228.1 (M-1).

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 123 EXAMPLE 63 0 OH H N O0 O OH 5-Methyl-2-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid: 5 'H NMR (400 MHz, CD30D) 6 2.6 (s, 3H), 7.05 (s, 1H). MS m/z: 228 (M-1). EXAMPLE 64 10 0 OH H N o \ O 'OH 5-(3-Methyl-phenyl)-2-(oxaly-amino)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD30D) 8 2.39 (s, 3H), 7.12 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7.25 (t, 1H, J = 7.5 Hz), 15 7.4 (m, 2H), 7.5 (s, 1H). MS m/z 304, 232 (M-1). 20 EXAMPLE 65 O OH | o s / 0 OH 0 5-Dibenzofuran-2-yl-2-(oxaly-amino)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 124 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3

COCD

3 ) 8 7.4 (t, 1H, J = 2 Hz), 7.52 (t, 1H, J = 2 Hz), 7.7 (m, 3H), 7.9 (t, 1H, J = 2 Hz), 8.25 (d, 1H, J = 2 Hz), 8.5 (s, 1H). MS m/z 380.5 (M-1). 5 EXAMPLE 66 0 OH OH | N O S O OH 10 cl 5-( 2

-(

4 -Chloro-phenyl)-ethyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid, mono sodium salt M.p.: > 250 oC 15 Calculated for Cs 15

H

, , NCI1O s

S

1 Nal, 0.75 x H 2 0 C, 46.28 %; H, 3.24 %; N, 3.60 %. Found: C, 46.17 %; H, 3.38 %; N, 3.40 %. 20 EXAMPLE 67 0 OH H NO O OH 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid 25 M.p.: 225 - 228 oC Calculated for C 7

H

s

N

1 0sS 1 , 1.25 x H 2 0 C, 35.37 %; H, 3.18 %; N, 5.89 %. Found: WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 125 C, 35.53 %; H, 2.82 %; N, 5.72 %. 5 EXAMPLE 68 0 OH oo NN O 0 OH 5-(1.3-Dioxo-1,.

3 -dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)thiophene-3-carboxylic acid: 10 To a stirred mixture at 0 oC of 2-(3-hydroxy-propyl)-isoindole-1,3-dione (0.2 g, 0.97 mmol), 0.7 N sodium bromide (0.70 ml, 0.46 mmol), 2

,

2

,

6 ,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy, free radi cal) TEMPO (3.0 mg, 0.02 mmol) in dichloromethane (1 ml) was added dropwise a solution of bleach (2.1 ml, 4.9 mmol) and sodium hydrogencarbonate (117 mg, 1.4 mmol). The mix 15 ture was stirred at 0 oC for 2 h after the addition was finished. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 20 ml). The combined organic extracts were washed with 10% sodium thiosulfate (3 x 10 ml), brine (10 ml), dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and the solvent was evaporated in vacuo. The residue was washed with ethyl acetate (2 x 1 ml) affording after drying 161 mg (81 %) of 3-(1,3-dioxo-1, 3 -dihydro-isoindol-2-yl)-propionaldehyde as a solid. 20 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI 3 ) 8 9.82 (s, 1H), 7.85 (dd, 2H, J = 5.6, 2.8 Hz), 7.73 (dd, 2H, J = 5.6, 2.8 Hz), 4.04 (t, 2H, J = 7.2 Hz), 2.89 (t, 2H, J = 7.2 Hz). To a solution of the above aldehyde (150 mg, 0.74 mmol), triethylamine (113 ml, 0.81 mmol) 25 and sulfur (24 mg, 0.81 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 ml) at room temperature was added tert-butyl cyanoacetate (114 mg, 0.81 mmol). The mixture was stirred and heated at reflux temperature under nitrogen for 2 h. After cooled to room temperature the precipitate was fil tered off affording 189 mg of 2-amino-5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl) thiophene-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. 30 The filtrate was evaporated in vacuo the residue was taken into ethyl acetate (50 ml), washed with 0.5 N hydrochloric acid (2 x 10 ml), saturated sodium bicarbonate (2 x 10 ml), WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/001 2 6 126 brine (10 ml), dried (MgSO 4 ) and filtered. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo and the resi due was washed with cold ethyl acetate (2 x 1 ml) affording 52 mg of 2-amino-5-(1,3-dioxo 1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. A total yield of 241 mg (91 %) was obtained. 5 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 8 7.86 (dd, 2H, J = 7.2, 4 Hz), 7.72 (dd, 2H, J = 7.2, 4 Hz), 6.97 (s, 1H), 5.83 (s, 2H, NH 2 ), 4.78 (s, 2H), 1.56 (s, 9H) To a stirred solution of the above thiophene (100 mg, 0.28 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (2 ml) was added a solution of imidazol-1-yl-oxo-acetic acid tert-butyl ester (60 mg, 0.31 mmol) in 10 tetrahydrofuran (1 ml). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (50 ml), washed with 0.5 N hydrochloric acid (2 x 5 ml), saturated sodium bicarbonate (2 x 5 ml), brine (5 ml), dried (MgSO 4 ) and filtered. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo affording 130 mg (96 %) of 2 (tert-butoxyoxaly-amino)-5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-thiophene-3 15 carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 5 12.23 (s, 1H), 7.87 (dd, 2H, J = 7.2, 4 Hz), 7.73 (dd, 2H, J = 7.2, 4 Hz), 7.24 (s, 1H), 4.93 (s, 2H), 1.60 (s, 9H), 1.57 (s, 9H). To a solution of trifluoroacetic acid (1 ml) in dichloromethane (1 ml) was added the above di 20 tert-butyl ester (100 mg, 0.21 mmol). The solution was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo. The residue was washed with dichloromethane (3 x 1 ml) which afforded 63 mg (82 %) of the title compound as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 6 12.05 (s, 1H), 7.89 (m, 2H), 7.87 (m, 2H), 7.10 (s, 1H), 4.83 25 (s, 2H). MS m/z: 373 (M-1). 30 In a similar way as described in Example 43 the following compounds were prepared. EXAMPLE 69 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 127 O OH 0 0 5-(3.4-Dimethoxy-phenyl)-3-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid 5 M.p.: 230 - 231 'C Calculated for C 1 5

H

1 3

N

1 0 7

S

1 , 1 x H 2 0 C, 48.78 %; H, 4.09 %; N, 3.79 %. Found: C, 49.01 %; H, 3.75 %; N, 3.79 %. 10 EXAMPLE 70 0 OH s:: o I7 0 OH O 0 5-(3-Methoxy-phenyl)-3-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid 15 M.p.: 217 - 218 oC Calculated for C 1 4

H,,N

1 0 6

S

1 , 0.75 x H 2 0 C, 50.22 %; H, 3.76 %; N, 4.18 %. Found: C, 50.02 %; H, 3.73 %; N, 4.16 %. 20 EXAMPLE 71 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 128 0 OH I 0 OH 0 5-(3.5-Dimethoxy-phenyl)-3-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid 5 M.p.: 223 - 225 oC Calculated for C 15

H,

3

N

1 0 7 Sl, 1.25 x H 2 0 C, 48.19 %; H, 4.18 %; N, 3.75 %. Found: C, 48.25 %; H, 4.10 %; N, 3.39 %. 10 EXAMPLE 72 0 OH so0 O OH O O 5-(3-Nitro-phenyl)-3-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid 15 M.p.: > 250 0C Calculated for C 13

H

7

N

1 ,07SNal, 1.25 x H 2 0 C, 41.01 %; H, 2.51 %; N, 7.36 %. Found: C, 41.03 %; H, 2.38 %; N, 7.17%. 20 EXAMPLE 73 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 129 O OH s H N O0 0O OH

NH

2 5-(3-Amino-phenyl)-3-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid M.p.: > 250 oC 5 Calculated for C 1 3

H

1 oN 2 0sS 1 , 0.5 x H 2 0 C, 49.52 %; H, 3.52 %; N, 8.88 %. Found: C, 49.48 %; H, 3.44 %; N, 8.71 %. 10 EXAMPLE 74 0 OH SO O OH 01: 5-(4-Methoxy-phenyl)-3-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid M.p.: 220- 221 OC 15 Calculated for C 14

H

11

NAOS

1 , 0.4 x H 2 0 C, 51.19 %; H, 3.62 %; N, 4.62%. Found: C, 51.29 %; H, 3.53 %; N, 3.96%. 20 EXAMPLE 75 0 OH S o |O> OH H 2 N 5-( 4 -Amino-phenyl)-3-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid: WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 130 Calculated for C 1 3 HoN 2 0 5

S

1 , 0.5 x H 2 0 C, 49.52 %; H, 3.52 %; N, 8.88 %. Found: C, 49.40 %; H, 3.87 %; N, 8.23 %. 5 EXAMPLE 76 0 O- Na 0O0 Na 00 O0 0 10 5-( 4

-(

2

-(

2 -Methoxy-phenyl)- 2 -oxo-ethoxy)-phenyl)-3-(xalyl-amino)-thiophene-2-carbxyic acid, disodium salt To a solution of 3 -(ethoxyoxalylamino)-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (524 mg, 1.5 mmol) and potassium carbonate (275 mg, 2.0 mmol) in N,N dimethylformamide (35 ml) was under an nitrogen atmosphere added co-brom-2 15 methoxyacetophenon (460 mg, 2.0 mmol). After stirring for 3 h, the precipitate crude 3 (ethoxyoxalylamino)-5-( 4

-(

2

-(

2 -methoxyphenyl)-2-oxy-ethoxy)phenyl>)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (1.0 g) was filtered off. To a solution of crude 3 -(ethoxyoxalylamino)-5-(4-(2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxy 20 ethoxy)phenyl)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (0.5 g) in methanol (15 ml) was added 1N sodium hydroxide (10 ml). After stirring at 65 OC for 3h, the product was isolated by filtration and washed with a mixture of water and ethanol (1:1) affording after drying 290 mg of the title compound as a solid. 25 M.p.: 286 - 287 OC. Calculated for C 2 2

H

18

N

1

O,

9

S

1 Na 2 ; C, 50.19 %; H, 3.42 %; N, 2.66 %. Found: C, 51.18 %; H, 3.42 %; N, 2.58 %. 30 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 131 EXAMPLE 77 0 0- Na S O 0 O Na oo 0 Na 0 0 5 5-(4-Carboxymethoxy-phenyl)-3-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid. trisodium salt; To a solution of 3 -(ethoxyoxalylamino)-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (307 mg, 1.0 mmol) and potassium carbonate (166 mg, 1.2 mmol) in N,N 10 dimethylformamide (5 ml) was added 2-bromoacetamide (165 mg, 1.2 mmol). After stirring at 50 OC for 16 h, the reaction mixture was quenched by addition of water, and the precipitate 5-( 4 -carbamoylmethoxy-phenyl)-3-(ethoxyoxalylamino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (70 mg) was isolated by filtration. The pH of the filtrate was adjusted to 1-2 with 1 N hydrochloric and the semi hydrolysed 15 product, 5-( 4 -carbamoylmethoxy-phenyl)-3-(oxalylamino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (300 mg), was isolated by filtration. To a suspension of 5-(4-carbamoylmethoxy phenyl)-3-(oxalylamino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (295 mg, 0.78 mmol) in methanol (5 ml) and water (5 ml) was added 1 N sodium hydroxide (2 ml). After stirring for 5 days the precipitate was filtered of affording 105 mg (88 %) of the title compound as a solid. 20 M.p.: > 300 0C. Calculated for C 15

H

12

N

1

O

0

S

1 Na 3 ; C, 38.56 %; H, 2.59 %; N, 3.00 %. Found: C, 38.73 %; H, 2.74 %; N, 3.06 %. 25 In a similar way as described in Example 77 the following compound was prepared: WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 132 EXAMPLE 78 0 s o 0 OH 0 OH F 5-(4-(4-Fluoro-benzyloxy)-phenyl)-3-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid; 5 1 H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 6 5.15 (s, 2H), 7.1 (d, 2H), 7.25 (t, 2H), 7.55 (q, 2H), 7.7 (d, 2H), 8.2 (s, 1H). SP/MS: 415 (M+, 12%), 372, 353, 299, 218, 190, 162, 109 (100%). 10 EXAMPLE 79 0 OH 0 s 0 0 OH 0 0 15 5-((2-(1,3-Dioxo-1.

3 -dihydro-isoindol-2-y)-acetylamino)-methyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-thiophene 3-carboxylic acid; To a solution of 2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yl-methyl) thiophene-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (0.4 g, 0.82 mmol, prepared as described in ex 20 ample 30) in dichloromethane (2 ml) was added anhydrous hydrazine (28 ml, 0.9 mmol) and the mixture stirred at ambient temperature for 19 h under nitrogen. An additional portion of hydrazine (84 ml, 2.7 mmol) and dichloromethane (5.5 ml) was added and stirring was con tinued for an additional 88 h. Dichloromethane (50 ml) was added and the reaction mixture was placed in a sonicator for 20 min and filtered through Celite. The filtrate was evaporated 25 in vacuo affording 0.24 g (82 %) of 5-aminomethyl-2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-thiophene-3- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 133 carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid which was used without further purification in the next step. To a solution of (1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yl)-acetic acid (0.17 g, 0.82 mmol), 1 5 hydroxybenzotriazole (0.133 g, 0.98 mmol) and 2,6 lutidine (0.4 ml) in dry acetonitrile (10 ml) under nitrogen cooled in an ice bath was added 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3 ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (0.21 g, 1.1 mmol) and the solution was stirred for 0.5 h. 5 Aminomethyl-2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (0.24 g, 0.68 mmol) was added, the cooling bath removed, and the solution stirred at ambient tem 10 perature for 20 h. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the residue dissolved in di chloromethane and washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate and 1 N hydrochloric acid, dried (Na 2

SO

4 ) and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The residue (0.18 g) was dis solved in dry tetrahydrofuran (6 ml) under nitrogen, imidazol-1-yl-oxo-acetic acid tert-butyl ester (0.25 g, 1.3 mmol) was added and the solution stirred at ambient temperature for 17 h, 15 the solvent evaporated in vacuo and the residue dissolved in a mixture of dichloromethane and saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic layer was dried (Na 2

SO

4 ) and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The residue was subjected to chromatography on silica gel affording 0.1 g of 2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-((2-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yl) acetylamino)-methyl)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester. 20 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) 8 12.3 (bs, 1H), 7.9 (m, 2H), 7.8 (m, 2H), 7.1 (s, 1H), 6.5 (m, 1H), 4.6 (m, 2H), 4.4 (s, 2H,), 1.8 (s, 9H), 1.6 (s, 9H). To 2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-((2-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yl)-acetyl-ami-no) methyl)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (0.1 g, 0.18 mmol) was added 20 % 25 trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane (4 ml) and the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature under nitrogen for 14 h. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the residue chased with dichloromethane until a solid remained. The precipitate was filtered off and dried in vacuo for 18 h affording in quantitative yield the title compound as a solid. Mp. 243 - 244 oC (dec). 30 MS m/z: 430 (M-1). 'H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 8 12.1 (s, 1H), 8.9 (s, 1H), 7.8 -7.9 (m, 4H), 7.1 (s, 1H), 4.4 (m, 2H), 4.2 (s, 2H).

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 134 EXAMPLE 80 Using a solid phase chemistry approach a 64 member library was synthesised according to 5 the following scheme S0 0 N OH TEMPO C0 HC O 90% 1 8 / NH 2 90 --- H o Q N S TEAIDCM 0 0o -o 0 NH 0o Wang-Resin-OMs N S THF N S Cs 2

CO

3 , NMP 0 0 Wang Wang O O OWVang 0 0 A R1-NCO TFA 00 H2NNHo N S CH CH2 2 A R1-NCO- TFA

CH

2

CI

2 R2-O-CO-CI TFA 0 2,6-lutidine CH 2

CI

2 OH H O A R 0 OH o OH R3-SO 2 -CI TFA TEA CHCI 2 R4.SO, 2 -NCO TFA

CH

2

CI

2

X

1 indicate point of attachment for the R-group. The percentage means the area of the peak of the HPLC at 220 nm.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 135 5 R-group Formula Mw LC/MS O 0" O N jx 1 C13H15N308S 373.34 No hit HO 0 N xi C13H17N306S 343.36 No hit H O N"X C11H13N306S 315.31 No hit H 03 N X C15H12N408S 408.35 407 (M-H,44%) NO 2 H 0 O N C16H15N307S 393.38 No hit H 0 N C17H15N307S 405.39 No hit N X 1 O H O 0 NXi C12H15N306S 329.33 No hit H 0 Br N X C15H12BrN306S 442.25 442 (M-H, 50%) H 1 0 0 N X 1 C21H25N306S 447.51 446 (M-H,92%)

H

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 136 0 2 N . 0 S Xl C15H12N408S 408.35 407 (M-H,48%) H 0 N X C19H15N306S 413.41 412 (M-H,49%) H 0 NX H C21H17N306S 439.45 438 (M-H,81%)

CF

3 o C17H11F6N306S 499.35 498 (M-H,83%)

CF

3 N X H N X , C16H12F3N306S 431.35 No hit

CF

3 H CF x C16H12F3N306S 431.35 430 (M-H,48%) H 0 N X C12H15N306S 329.33 328 (M-H,94%) H C0 ,N C15H19N306S 369.40 368 (M-H,85%) N "X 1 H N X1 C16H15N307S 393.38 No hit O H O N 0X C16H5N306S 377.38 376 (M-H,86) " N Xi 016H15N306S 377.38 376 (M-H,86%) crH WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 137 u 0 O Nx 1 C17H17N308S 423.40 422 (M-H,39%) N X C19H23N306S 421.48 420 (M-H,29%) H 3 S iX C15H13N306S 363.35 362 (M-H,26%) H O2N N x C15H12N408S 408.35 407 (M-H,44%) H 0O 0 0 0O N X C18H19N309S 453.43 452 (M-H, 34%) H O.. OP C15H13N308S2 427.41 426 (M-H,62%) S'N X1 O H , C16H15N308S2 441.44 440 (M-H,89%) CI O C15H12CIN308S2 461.86 460 (M-H,41%) 'N Xl 0H Br 0Br O' C15H11BrN207S 443.23 442 (M-H,71%) ' HX F,,a F O C15H11FN207S 382.33 381 (M-H,82%) ' 'N x OHx WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 138 0 0 KX 1 C14H18N207S 358.37 357 (M-H,70%) 00 xi C15H11N309S 409.33 408 (M-H,87%)

NO

2 O C16H15N308S2 441.44 No Hit 'N x OH ' 0 0 ol X C17H24N207S 400.45 399 (M-H,68%) 0 O O 0 X 1 C16H14N207S 378.36 377 (M-H,63%) 0 l- o x C12H14N207S 330.32 329 (M-H,54%) 0 0 xi C12H14N207S 330.32 329 (M-H,76%) 0 2 N 0 02N OX C15H11N309S 409.33 408 (M-H,82%) 0 ON 0 X1 C16H13N309S 423.36 422 (M-H,63%) 0 2 NJ 0 /&\0 C16H14N208S 394.36 393 (M-H,78%) o 0 i C17H24N207S 400.45 399 (M-H,78%) 0 a O x C12H1ON207S 326.29 325 (M-H,92%) WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 139 0 _o x C11H12N207S 316.29 315 (M-H,70%) 0 O Xi C13H16N207S 344.35 343 (M-H,86%) 0 o X C12H12N207S 328.30 327 (M-H,73%) 0 o X 1 C13H14N207S 342.33 341 (M-H,74%) 0 Br S-Xl Br C14H11BrN207S2 463.28 362 (M-H,45%) 0 0 0 Xl C10H10N207S 302.26 301 (M-H,72%) O C15H12N207S 364.34 363 (M-H,82%) /0 C15H13N309S2 443.41 442 (M-H,94%) 0 2 N S-X 1 O 0 CFO ,"X C15H11F3N208S2 468.39 467 (M-H,62%) c'6 O CIX C14H11CIN207S2 418.83 417 (M-H,31%) 0 OO II s-xl -l C11H14N207S2 350.37 349 (M-H,89%) 0 0 F S-X -& C14H11FN207S2 402.38 401 (M-H,34%) 0 0 II 1 C9H10N207S2 322.32 321 (M-H,50%) 0 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 140 0 sx , /\o 10 C18H14N207S2 434.45 433 (M-H,42%) 0 II s-xl SC10OH12N207S2 336.34 335 (M-H,46%) 0 0 s-x / 015H11F3N207S2 452.39 451 (M-H,82%)

CF

3 3 0 ,, -- X C16H15N308S2 441.44 440 (M-H,42%) H - 11 0 0 S-XI 11 C11H14N207S2 350.37 349 (M-H,57%) 0 s-x S 1 C18H20N207S2 440.50 439(M-H,42%) 0 CF S-X F C15H10F3N309S2 497.38 496 (M-H,68%)

NO

2 CF O -S-Xl S' C10H9F3N207S2 390.32 389 (M-H,92%) o 0 -X C16H14N207S2 410.43 409 (M-H,46%) 0 0 - I C14H12N207S2 384.39 383 (M-H,42%) 50 5 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 141 EXAMPLE 81 0 OH S: O O Na N o o 0 0 0 5 6-Benzoyl-2-(oxalyl-amino)-4. 5.6.7-tetrahydro-thieno[2.3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid, mono sodium salt: A mixture of N-benzoyl-4-piperidone (20.0 g, 0.1 mol), ethyl cyanoacetate (10.9 ml, 0.1 mol), ammonium acetate (2.0 g) and acetic acid (6 ml) in benzene (100 ml) was heated at reflux 10 temperature in a 3-nacked reaction flask equipped with a Dean-Stark water trap for 1 h. The cooled reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (100 ml) washed with water (3 x 100 ml), saturated aqueous sodium chloride (80 ml), dried (MgSO 4 ) filtered and evaporated in vacuo affording quantitative yield of (1-benzoyl-piperidin-4-ylidene)-cyano-acetic acid ethyl ester as a slowly crystallising oil. 15 A mixture of the above benzoyl-piperidin-4-ylidene (10.0 g, 0.034 mol), sulphur (1.13 g, 0.035 mol), morpholin (6.5 ml) in ethanol (35 ml) was heated at 50 OC for 2 h and stirred at room temperature over night. The precipitate was filtered off and washed with 96 % ethanol (3 x 50 ml), diethyl ether (3 x 50 ml) and dried in vacuo which afforded 9.27 g (84 %) of 2 20 amino-6-benzoyl-4,5,6, 7 -tetrahydro-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester as a solid. To a stirred solution of the above 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (5.0 g, 0.015 mol), triethylamine (4.21 ml, 0.03 mol) in dry tetrahydrofuran (30 ml) 25 at 0 OC was added dropwise a solution of ethyl oxalyl chloride (1.9 ml, 0.017 mol) in dry tet rahydrofuran (20 ml). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 h, pored into ice water (300 ml) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 100 ml). The combined organic extracts were washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride (100 ml), dried (MgSO 4 ) filtered and evaporated in vacuo affording 4.2 g (84 %) of 6-benzoyl-2 30 (ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester as a crystallising oil.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 142 To a solution of the above thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (4.2 g, 9.76 mmol) in ethanol (100 ml) was added a solution of sodium hydroxide (0.9 g, 21.46 mmol) in water (100 ml). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 h. The 5 volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the residue dissolved in water (100 ml) and washed with ethyl acetate (2 x 100 ml). To the aqueous phase was added concentrated hydrochloric acid to pH = 1 and the precipitate was filtered off and washed with water (2 x 50 ml), diethyl ether (2 x 30 ml) and dried in vacuo at 50 oC affording 2.9 g (79 %) of the title compound as a solid. 10 M.p.: Amorph: Calculated for C 1 7

H

1 3 N20 6

S

1 Naj, 1 x H 2 0; C, 49.28 %; H, 3.65 %; N, 6.76%. Found: C, 49.31 %; H, 3.86 %; N, 6.53%. 15 By a similar procedure as described in Example 81 the following compounds have been pre pared. 20 EXAMPLE 82 0 OH N OH 0 0 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-4.5.

6

.

7 -tetrahydro-benzo[b]thiophene-3-carboxylic acid; 25 M.p.: 230 - 231 oC: Calculated for C 1 ,,HNOsS; C, 49.07 %; H, 4.12 %; N, 5.20%. Found: C, 49.87 %; H, 4.37 %; N, 5.06%. 30 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 143 EXAMPLE 83 0 H N OH o o 6-Benzyl-2-(oxalyl-amino)-4.5.6,7-tetrahydro-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid: 5 Calculated for C 17

H

16

N

2 0 5 S, 1.75 H 2 0; C, 52.10 %; H, 5.01 %; N, 7.15 %. Found: C, 52.11 %; H, 4.81 %; N, 7.01%. 10 EXAMPLE 84 0 OH H N OH o o 6-Methyl-2-(oxalyl-amino)-4.5.6.7-tetrahydro-thieno[2.3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid: M.p.: > 250 oC 15 Calculated for C 1

,H

12

N

2 0 5 S, 0.6 H 2 0; C, 44.77 %; H, 4.51 %; N, 9.49 %. Found: C, 44.54 %; H, 4.17 %; N, 9.21%. EXAMPLE 85 20 0 OH O N O- Na o o 2 -(Oxalyl-amino)-4.7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2.3-clDpyran-3-carboxylic acid, mono sodium salt; 25 M.p.: > 250 OC Calculated for Co 10

H

8

N

1

O

6 SNa, 0.75 x H 2 0; WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 144 C, 39.16 %; H, 3.12 %; N, 4.57 %. Found: C, 39-29 %; H, 3.67 %; N, 4.41%. 5 EXAMPLE 86 0 OH HO N S 0 OH 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-6-phenethyl-4.5.6,7-tetrahydro-thieno[2.3 -cipyridine-3-carboxylic acid: 10 Calculated for C 18

H

1 8

,N

2 0 5 S, 1 x H 2 0; C, 55.09 %; H, 5.14 %; N, 7.14 %. Found: C, 55.47 %; H, 5.04 %; N, 7.07 %. EXAMPLE 87 15 O OH H SNO N S O OH 2-(Oxalyi-amino)-4. 5.6.7-tetrahydro-4.,7-ethano-thieno[2.,3-b]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid: 20 Calculated for C 1 2

H

1 2

N

2 0 5 S, 0.75 x H 2 0; C, 46.52 %; H, 4.39 %; N, 9.04 %. Found: C, 46.48 %; H, 4.79 %; N, 8.87 %. 25 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 145 EXAMPLE 88 OH cC 0 OH 5 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-4,.5,6.7-tetrahydro-thieno[2.,3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid, hydrochloride: 4-Oxo-1 -piperidine carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester was used as starting material. The Boc group was removed using 25 % trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane. 10 M.p.: > 250 oC Calculated for Co 1 0

H

1 0 oN 2 0 5 S, 1 HCI, 0.5 x H 2 0; C, 38.35 %; H, 4.34 %; N, 8.64 %. Found: C, 38.04 %; H, 3.83 %; N, 8.87 %. 15 EXAMPLE 89 OH N N OH 0 0 20 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-6-pyridin-2-ylmethyl-45.6 7-tetrahydro-thieno[2.3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylic To a mixture of 2-(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylic 25 acid ethyl ester trifluoroacetic acid salt (1.5 g, 3.40 mmol), potassium carbonate (2.4 g, 17.1 mmol), potassium iodine (100 mg) in acetone (40 ml) was added 2-picolyl chloride hydro chloride (0.61 g, 3.7 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at reflux temperature for 18 h, filtered and evaporated in vacuo. The residue was trituated with diethyl ether and the solid was filtered off and purified on silicagel (300 ml) using a mixture of ethyl ace- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 146 tate/ethanol/triethyl amine (3:1:0.4) as eluent. Pure fractions were collected and the eluent evaporated in vacuo affording 650 mg (39 %) of 2-(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-6-pyridin-2-ylmethyl 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid triethyl ammonium salt as a solid. 5 To a solution of the above triethyl ammonium salt (650 mg, 1.40 mmol) in ethanol (15 ml) was added 1 N aqueous sodium hydroxide (4.1 ml, 4.1 mmol) followed by water (15 ml). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 h. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the residue dissolved in water (20 ml) and washed with diethyl ether (2 x 10 ml). To the aqueous phase was added 1N hydrochloric acid to pH = 1 and the 10 aqueous phase was evaporated in vacuo. The residue was suspended in a mixture of 2 propanol/water (1:1, 40 ml), stirred for 1 h., the solid filtered off and washed with 2-propanol (2 x 15 ml) and dried in vacuo at 50 0C affording 181 mg (38 %) of crude title compound. The crude product (181 mg) was dissolved in a mixture of water (10 ml) and5 N sodium hy droxide (10 ml) and washed with diethyl ether (2 x 10 ml). The aqueous phase was acidified 15 to pH = 3 with 1 N hydrochloric acid and the precipitate filtered off and washed with water (3 x 20 ml), dried in vacuo at 50 oC for 18 h which afforded 51 mg (11%) of the title compound as a solid. M.p.: 238 - 244 OC 20 Calculated for C16HsN 3 0 5 S, 2.5 x H 2 0; C, 47.29 %; H, 4.96 %; N, 10.34 %. Found: C, 47.43 %; H, 4.84 %; N, 10.00 %. 25 By a similar procedure as described in Example 89 the following compounds were prepared. 30 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 147 EXAMPLE 90 - 0 0 OH S OH 00 5 6-(3-Methoxy-benzyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-45.6.7-tetrahydro-thieno[2.3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid M.p.: 233 -237 OC Calculated for C 1 8

H

1

,,N

2 0 6 S, 1 x H 2 0; 10 C, 52.93 %; H, 4.94 %; N, 6.86 %. Found: C, 52.79 %; H, 4.99 %; N, 6.42 %. EXAMPLE 91 OH N r OH 15 cl- O OH 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-6-pyridin-3-ylmethyl-4.5.6 7 -tetrahydro-thieno[2.3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid. hydrochloride; M.p.: 234 -238 oC 20 Calculated for C 16

H

15

N

3 0 5 S, 1 x HCI, 0.5 x H 2 0; C, 47.24 %; H, 4.21 %; N, 10.33 %. Found: C, 47.35 %; H, 4.10 %; N, 10.35%. 25 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 148 EXAMPLE 92 H OH OH N OH 00 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-6-quinolin-2-ylmethyl-4 5.6 7-tetrahydro-thieno[2.3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylic 5 acid M.p.: > 250 0C Calculated for C 20

H

17

N

3 0 5 S, 1 x H 2 0; 10 C, 55.95 %; H, 4.22 %; N, 9.61%. Found: C, 55.94 %; H, 4.46 %; N, 9.78 %. EXAMPLE 93 15 0 OH -N I:J OH HS Cl- 0 0 2-(Oxalyi-amino)-6-pyridin-4-ylmethyl-4.5.6. 7-tetrahydro-thieno[2.3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid, hydrochloride: 20 M.p.: 230 - 235 OC Calculated for C 16 HsN 3 0sS, 1 x HCI, 1 x H 2 0; C, 46.21 %; H, 4.36 %; N, 10.10 %. Found: C, 45.82 %; H, 4.42 %; N, 10.02 %. 25 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 149 EXAMPLE 94 HO 0 O O0 Na 5 6-(Oxalyl-amino)-1 H-indole-7-carboxylic acid, mono sodium salt: To a stirred solution of 6-amino-1 H-indole-7-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (1.5 g, 7.3 mmol, prepared as described in J. Org. Chem. 61, 1155-1158 (1996)), triethy lamine (1.55 ml, 11.0 mmol) in dry tetrahydrofuran (100 ml) at 0 oC was added dropwise a 10 solution of ethyl oxalyl chloride (980 ul, 88.0 mmol) in dry tetrahydrofuran (10 ml). The re sulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. pored into ice water (300 ml) and the precipitate filtered off and dried in vacuo at 50 OC affording 2.25 g (100 %) of 6 (ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-1lH-indole-7-carboxylic acid ethyl ester as an oil. To a solution of the above 1H-indole-7-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (2.0 g, 6.60 mmol) in etha 15 nol (30 ml) was added 1N aqueous sodium hydroxide (16.4 ml, 16.4 mmol) in water (30 ml). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 h. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and to the residual aqueous phase was added 1N hydrochloric acid to pH = 1. The precipitate was filtered off and washed with water (2 x 50 ml), diethyl ether (2 x 30 ml) and dried in vacuo at 50 oC affording 1.34 g (82 %) of the title compound as a solid. 20 M.p.: > 250 0C Calculated for C 1

,H

7

N

2 OsNa, 1.5 x H 2 0; C, 44.46 %; H, 3.39 %; N, 9.43 %. Found: 25 C, 44.31 %; H, 3.34 %; N, 9.00 %. By a similar procedure as described in Example 94 the following compound was prepared. 30 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 150 EXAMPLE 95 O OH 0 0 O Na 5 6-(Oxalyl-amino)-1lH-indole-5-carboxylic acid, mono sodium salt; 6-amino-1 H-indole-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester was prepared as described in J. Org. Chem. 61, 1155-1158 (1996)). 10 M.p.: > 250 oC Calculated for C 1

,H

7

N

2 OsNa, 1.5 x H 2 0; C, 44.46 %; H, 3.39 %; N, 9.43 %. Found: C, 44.44 %; H, 3.68 %; N, 9.00 %. 15 EXAMPLE 96 0 OH 0 N 0: 0 O N*a N o 3-[4-(3-Morpholin-4-yl-propionyl)-piperazin-1 -v-ylmrnethyl]-6-(oxalyl-amino)-1 H-indole-5 20 carboxylic acid, mono sodium salt: To a ice cooled solution of 37 % aqueous formaldehyde (2.7 g, 33.0 mmol) in acetic acid (8 ml) was added dropwise a solution of piperazine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (2.7 g, 15 mmol). After stirring for 15 min. a solution of 6-(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-1lH-indole-5-carboxylic 25 acid (4.0 g, 13.0 mmol) in a mixture of acetic acid (80 ml) and tetrahydrofuran (80 ml) was added and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred for 18 h. at room temperature. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and to the residue was added water (100 ml). The aque ous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 100 ml), the combined organic extracts were WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 151 washed with water (2 x 100 ml), saturated aqueous ammonium chloride (1 x 80 ml), dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and evaporated in vacuo. The residue was trituated with diethyl ether (50 ml) and the precipitate was filtered off and washed with diethyl ether, dried in vacuo at 500C which afforded 3.4 g (51 %) of 3 -(4-tert-butoxycarbonyl-piperazin-1-ylmethyl)-6 5 (ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-1lH-indole-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester as a solid. To a solution of the above 6-(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-1 H-indole-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester in dichloromethane (20 ml) was added trifluoroacetic acid (20 ml) at room temperature. The resulting mixture was stirred for 1 h., the volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and to the resi 10 due was added water (50 ml) and the resulting mixture was stirred for 2 h. The precipitate was filtered off and washed with water (50 ml), diethyl ether (50 ml) and in vacuo at 50 OC which afforded 3.6 g (100 %) of 6 -(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-3-piperazin-1l-ylmethyl-1H-indole-5 carboxylic acid ethyl ester trifluoroacetic acid salt as a solid. 15 To a ice cooled mixture of the above piperazin (3.0 g, 5.81 mmol) in dichloromethane (100 ml) and triethylamine (2.5 ml) was added dropwise a mixture of chloropropionyl chloride (0.6 ml, 6.39 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 ml). The resulting mixture was stirred for 1 h. at room temperature, washed with water (50 ml), dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and evaporated in vacuo affording 1.8 g (68 %) of 3-(4-acryloyl-piperazin-1 -ylmethyl)-6-(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-1

H

20 indole-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester as a oil. To a solution of the above acryloyl-piperazin (0.5 g, 1.1 mmol) in ethanol (50 ml) was added morpholin (0.24 g, 2.74 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at reflux temperature for 18 25 h. and the volatiles were evaporated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in water (50 ml), pH was adjusted to 2 with 1N hydrochloric acid and washed with ethyl acetate (2 x 50 ml). The aqueous phase was neutralised with 1N sodium hydroxide, the precipitate was filtered off, washed with water and dried in vacuo at 50 OC for 3h which afforded 0.3 g (50 %) of 6 (ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-3-[4-(3-morpholin-4-yl-propionyl)-piperazin-1 -ylmethyl]-1 H-indole-5 30 carboxylic acid ethyl ester as a solid. To a solution of the above 1H-indole-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (0.2 g, 0.37 mmol) in etha nol (5 ml) was added sodium hydroxide (45 mg, 1.10 mmol) in water (15 ml). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 h, pH adjusted to 1 by addition of 1N WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 152 hydrochloric acid. The aqueous phase was washed with ethyl acetate (2 x 25 ml) and pH adjusted to 5 by addition of 1N sodium hydroxide, followed by addition of dichloromethane (25 ml). The precipitate was filtered off and washed with water (50 ml) and dried in vacuo at 50 OC affording 30 mg (17 %) of the title compound as a solid. 5 M.p.: > 250 OC LC-MS (E-) M/Z 488 10 EXAMPLE 97 0 OH 0~ 1-(3-Methoxy-benzyl)-6-(oxalyl-amino)-1 H-indole-5-carboxylic acid: 15 To a solution of 6-amino-1 H-indole-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (1.0 g, 3.3o mmol; prepared as described in J. Org. Chem. 61, 1155-1158 (1996)) in dry N,N-dimethylformamide (40 ml) was added sodium hydride (0.28 g, 7.3 mmol; 60 % in mineral oil). The reaction mixture was stirred for 1.5 h and a solution of 3-methoxybenzylchloride (0.5 ml, 3.6 mmol) in dry N,N dimethylformamide (2.5 ml) was added dropwise. The resulting reaction mixture was stirred 20 for 1.5 h, poured into water (300 ml) and washed with diethyl ether (3 x 100 ml). Undissolved matter was filtered off and the aqueous phase was acidified to pH = 4 by addition of 1N hy drochloric acid. The precipitate was filtered off and washed with water, dried in vacuo at 50 OC affording 400 mg (29 %) of 6-(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-1l-(3-methoxy-benzyl)-lH-indole-5 carboxylic acid ethyl ester as a solid. 25 To a solution of the above 1H-indole-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (0.3 g, 0.7 mmol) in etha nol (10 ml) was added 1N sodium hydroxide (2.1 ml, 2.1 mmol) and water (10 ml). The re sulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 h. The volatiles were evapo rated in vacuo, pH adjusted to 2 by addition of 1N hydrochloric acid, the precipitate filtered WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 153 off and washed with water, dried in vacuo at 50 oC affording 230 mg (89 %) of the title com pound as a solid. M.p.: 222 - 226 OC Calculated for CqH 1 6

N

2 0 6 , 0.4 x H 2 0; 5 C, 60.77 %; H, 4.51 %; N, 7.46 %. Found: C, 60.96 %; H, 4.44 %; N, 7.28 %. By a similar procedure as described in Example 81 the following compound was prepared. 10 EXAMPLE 98 0 OH o o 0 OH 15 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2, 3 -c]thiopyran-3-carboxylic acid: Calculated for Co 10

H

9 NOsS 2 ; C, 41.80 %; H, 3.16 %; N, 4.88 %. Found: C, 41.97 %; H, 3.20 %; N, 4.69 %. 20 25 EXAMPLE 99 S -OH o OS S O- Na 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-9H-thieno[2.3-clchromen-3-carboxylic acid, mono sodium salt To a solution of 4-cromanone (20 g, 0.14 mol), ethyl cyanoacetate (16.8 g, 0.15 mol) and 30 ammonium acetate (11.4 g, 0.15 mol) in benzene (500 ml) was added acetic acid (5 ml), the WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 154 resulting reaction mixture was heated at reflux temperature for 18 h and the formed water was collected in a Dean-Stark water trap. An additional portion of ammonium acetate (10 g, 0.13 mol) was added and heating at reflux temperature was continued for an additional 8 h. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo to the residue was added water (500 ml) and the 5 aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 200 ml). The combined organic ex tracts were washed with water (2 x 100 ml), saturated aqueous sodium chloride (100 ml), dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and evaporated in vacuo afforded 28 g of a 1:1 mixture of unchanged starting material and chroman-4-ylidene-cyano-acetic acid ethyl ester as an oil. To a solution of the crude product in ethanol (250 ml) was added sulphur (2.5 g, 0.08 mol) 10 and morpholin (15 ml). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at 50 OC for 4 h cooled to room temperature and filtered. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo affording 30 g of crude product. The product was divided into two portions which was semi purified on silica gel (900 ml) us ing a mixture of ethyl acetate/heptane (1:3). Semi pure fractions were collected and the sol 15 vent evaporated in vacuo affording a crude oil which was dissolved in diethyl ether (80 ml) and crystallised by addition of heptane (125 ml). The precipitated was filtered off, washed with heptane and dried in vacuo at 50 0C for 18 h affording 8.9 g (24 %) of 2-amino-9H thieno[2,3-c]chromen-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester as a solid. 20 To a stirred solution of the above 2 -amino- 6 H-thieno[2,3-c]chromen-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (2.9 g, 10.53 mmol), triethylamine (3 ml) in dry tetrahydrofuran (100 ml) at 0 OC was added dropwise a solution of ethyl oxalyl chloride (1.6 g, 11.6 mmol) in dry tetrahydrofuran (20 ml). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 h. pored into ice water (200 ml) and the precipitate filtered off and dried in vacuo at 50 OC affording 2.6 g 25 (66 %) of 2 -(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-9H-thieno[2,3-c]chromen-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester as a solid. To a solution of the above ethyl ester (1.5 g, 4.0 mmol) in ethanol (25 ml) was added sodium hydroxide (480 mg, 12 mmol) and water (50 ml). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at 30 room temperature for 42 h. Water (100 ml) was added and the mixture was washed with di ethyl ether (100 ml). pH of the aqueous phase was adjusted to 1 by addition of concentrated hydrochloric acid, the precipitate was filtered off, washed with water and dried in vacuo at 50 oC for 6 h affording 0.6 g (47 %) of the title compound as a solid.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 155 M.p.: 227 - 228 oC Calculated for C 1 4

H

9

NO

6 SNa, 0.5 H 2 0; C, 48.01 %; H, 2.59 %; N, 4.00 %. Found: C, 48.39 %; H, 2.93 %; N, 3.93 %. 5 EXAMPLE 100 0 OH oc ri (NN.NH O N*N 10 2-((2-H-Tetrazol-5-carbonyl)amino)-4.7-dihydro-5H-thienf[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxyic acid: To a mixture of N,N-dimethylformamide (1.6 ml) and acetonitrile (5 ml) cooled to -20 °C was added dropwise a mixture of oxalyl chloride (0.8 g, 6.31 mmol) in acetonitrile (1 ml). The re sulting mixture was stirred for 15 min. and tetrazole-5-carboxylic acid dipotassium salt (1 g, 5.25 mmol, prepared as described in J. Med. Chem. 29, 538-549 (1986) ) was added and 15 the resulting mixture was stirred for an additional 20 min. To the mixture was added drop wise a solution of 2 -amino- 4 ,5-dihydro-7H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl es ter (1.3 g, 5.25 mmol), pyridine (2.2 ml) and acetonitrile (2.5 ml) during 10 min. The reaction mixture was allowed to reach room temperature where after it was heated at reflux tem perature for 0.5 h. The cooled reaction mixture was pored into water (100 ml) and pH was 20 adjusted to 1 by addition of concentrated hydrochloric acid. The precipitate was filtered off, washed with heptane and dried in vacuo at 50 OC for 18 h affording 1.3 g (70 %) of 2-((1H tetrazole-5-carbonyl)-amino)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. The above tert-butyl ester (0.6 g, 1.71 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (5 ml) and 25 trifluoroacetic acid (5 ml) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred for 40 min. at room temperature. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and to the residue was added diethyl ether (50 ml), water (25 ml) and 1 N sodium hydroxide (2 ml). The phases were separated and the aqueous phase was washed with diethyl ether (50 ml) and pH was adjusted to 1 by addition of concentrated hydrochloric acid. The precipitate was filtered off, washed with wa 30 ter (25 ml) and dried in vacuo at 50 °C for 18 h which afforded 190 mg (38 %) of the title compound as a solid.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 156 M.p.: > 250 oC Calculated for C 1 0

HN

5 0O 4 S, 0.25 x H 2 0; C, 40.07 %; H, 3.19 %; N, 23.36 %. Found: C, 40.39 %; H, 3.18 %; N, 22.92 %. 5 EXAMPLE 101 Na NN O3 O 0 O Na 10 N-(3-(2H-Tetrazol-5-yl)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2.,3-c]pyran-2-yl)oxalamic acid, di sodium salt 2-Amino-4,5-dihydro-7H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (26 g, 0.114 mol) was dissolved in formamide (200 ml) and the resulting mixture was heated at reflux temperature for 1.5 h. After cooling to room temperature the precipitate was filtered 15 off, washed with water (2 x 80 ml) and dried in vacuo at 50 *C for 18 h which afforded 10.0 g (42 %) of 5,6-dihydro-8H-pyrano[4',3':4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one as a solid. To phosphorus oxychloride (70 ml) was added the above pyrimidin-4-one (7.0 g, 0.04 mol) and N,N-dimethylaniline (0.2 ml). The resulting mixture was heated at reflux temperature for 20 2 h, cooled and pored onto ice water (700 ml). The precipitate was filtered off, suspended in a mixture of ethyl acetate (400 ml) and water (250 ml) and stirred for 15 min. The aqueous phase was separated off and the organic phase was washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride (100 ml), dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and evaporated in vacuo which afforded 5.2 g (68 %) of 4-chloro-5,6-dihydro-8H-pyrano[4',3':4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine as a solid. 25 To a warm solution of the above thieno-pyrimidine (4.5 g, 0.02 mol) in ethanol (40 ml) was added dropwise a solution of hydrazine hydrate (10.0 ml) in ethanol (20 ml). The resulting solution was heated at reflux temperature for 2 h, cooled to room temperature, the precipi tate filtered off, washed with ethanol (20 ml) and dried in vacuo at 50 0C for 1.5 h affording WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 157 3.2 g (73 %) of 5,6-dihydro-8H-pyrano[4',3':4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl hydrazine as a solid. To a solution of the above hydrazine (3.0 g, 0.014 mol) in 50 % aqueous acetic acid (100 ml) 5 cooled in a ice bath was added dropwise a solution of sodium nitrite (1.0 g, 0.015 mol) in water (10 ml). The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h, the precipitate filtered off, washed with water (25 ml) and dried in vacuo at 50 'C for 1 h affording 3.0 g (95 %) of 10,11 dihydro-8H-pyrano[4',3':4,5]thieno[3,2-e]tetrazolo[5,1-c]pyrimidine as a solid. 10 To a solution of the above tetrazol (2.5 g, 0.011 mol) in dioxane (30 ml) was added dropwise 1 N sodium hydroxide (25 ml). The reaction mixture was stirred for 3 h, pored into ice cooled water (100 ml) and pH was adjusted to 4 by addition of acetic acid. The precipitate was fil tered off, washed with water (25 ml) and dried in vacuo at 50 OC for 18 h affording 2.2 g (82 %) of N-(3-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-2-yl)formamide as a solid. 15 The above formamide (0.6 g, 2.7 mmol) was dissolved in dry tetrahydrofuran (50 ml) and triethylamine (1 ml) was added. To the resulting mixture cooled in a ice bath was added dropwise a solution of ethyl oxalylchloride (0.4 g, 2.96 mmol) in dry tetrahydrofuran (5 ml). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h at room temperature, the volatiles were 20 evaporated in vacuo. To the residue was added water (50 ml), diethyl ether (50 ml) and 1 N hydrochloric acid to pH = 2 and a small precipitate was filtered off. The organic phase was separated, dried (Na 2

SO

4 ), filtered and evaporated in vacuo. The residue (0.4 g) was sus pended in dichloromethane (20 ml) and stirred for 1 h, the solid matter was filtered off and dried in vacuo at 50 oC affording 0.16 g (18 %) of N-(3-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-4,7-dihydro-5H 25 thieno[2,3-c]pyran-2-yl)oxalamic acid ethyl ester as a solid. To a solution of the above oxalamic acid ethyl ester (0.16 g, 0.49 mmol) in ethanol (15 ml) was added 1 N sodium hydroxide (1.0 ml, 1.01 mmol). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The precipitate was filtered off and washed with ethanol 30 (10 ml), dried in vacuo at 50 oC for 48 h affording 140 mg (83 %) of the title compound as a solid. M.p.: > 250 0C Calculated for C 1 0

H

9

N

s

O

4 SNa 2 , 3 x H 2 0; WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 158 C, 30.54 %; H, 3.33 %; N, 17.81%. Found: C, 30.70 %; H, 3.35 %; N, 17.49 %. 5 By a similar procedure as described in Example 81 the following compounds were prepared. EXAMPLE 102 0 OH oH QKN~ N O O OH 10 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-3.6-dicarboxylic acid 6-benzyl ester M.p.: >250 *C Calculated for C 1 8 sH, 16

N

2 0 7 S; C, 53.46 %; H, 3.99 %; N, 6.93 %. Found: 15 C, 53.44 %; H, 4.15 %; N, 6.69 %. EXAMPLE 103 0 OH H NO 0N No S O O OH 20 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-3.6-dicarboxylic acid 6-ethyl ester M.p.: 245 - 247 OC Calculated for C 1 3

H

1 4

N

2 0 7 S; 25 C, 45.61 %; H, 4.12 %; N, 8.18 %. Found: C, 45.71 %; H, 4.31 %; N, 7.86 %.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 159 EXAMPLE 104 O OH H NO O O OH 6-Acetyl-2-(oxalyl-amino)-4.5.,6 7 -tetrahydro-thieno[2,3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid 5 M.p.: 242 - 244 oC Calculated for C 1 2

H

12

N

2 0 6 S, 0.25 x H 2 0; C, 45.50 %; H, 3.98 %; N, 8.84 %. Found: C, 45.64 %; H, 3.97 %; N, 8.51%. 10 EXAMPLE 105 0 OH N N O H 0 OH 15 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-6-phenylcarbamovlmethyl-4 56 7-tetrahydro-thieno[2.3-c]pyridine-3 carboxylic acid M.p.: 244 - 246 oC Calculated for C 1 8

H

1 7

N

3 0 6 S, 1 x H 2 0; 20 C, 51.30 %; H, 4.54 %; N, 9.97 %. Found: C, 51.08 %; H, 4.52 %; N, 9.63%. EXAMPLE 106 25 0 0 OH NH N 0 00

OH

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 160 5-(1,3-Dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2.3 c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid; To a mixture of benzyloxyacetaldehyde (8.3 g, 0.06 mol) in benzene (80 mL) was added 1 5 methoxy-3-trimethylsilyloxy-1,3-butadiene (10.6 g, 0.06 mol). The reaction mixture was stirred under nitrogen for 15 min., cooled to 0 oC and a solution of 0.5 M zinc chloride (55 ml, 0.03 mol) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room tem perature over 16 h and evaporated in vacuo. The resultant oil was diluted with ethyl acetate (100 ml), washed with 1N hydrochloric acid (3 x 50ml), saturated sodium bicarbonate (3 x 50 10 ml), brine (3 x 50 ml), dried (MgSO 4 ) and evaporated in vacuo. The resulting oil was sub jected to flash chromatography using a mixture of ethyl acetate/hexanes (1:2) as eluent. Pure fractions were collected affording after evaporation in vacuo 7.1 g (60 %) of benzyloxy methyl-2,3-dihydro-pyran-4-one as an oil. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 8 7.39 - 7.31 (m, 6H), 5.42 (dd, J = 6,1 Hz, 1H), 4.61 (d, J = 3 Hz, 15 1H), 4,57 (m, 1H), 3.70 (m, 2H), 2.74 (dd, J = 17 Hz, 14 Hz, 1H), 2.41 (ddd, J = 17 Hz, 2 Hz, 1 Hz, 1H). The above 2,3-dihydro-pyran-4-one (7.1 g, 0.032 mol) and 10 % palladium on carbon (0.4 g) in ethyl acetate (50 ml) were placed in a Parr bomb shaker and hydrogenated at 30 psi. The 20 reaction mixture was shaken for 2 h, at which time TLC analysis (methanol/dichloromethane 1:9) indicated the reaction was complete. The reaction mixture was filtered through a pad of Celite and the volatiles evaporated in vacuo. The residue was subjected to flash column chromatography using ethyl acetate as eluent. Pure fractions were collected affording after evaporation in vacuo 3.0 g (75 %) of 2 -hydroxymethyl-tetrahydro-pyran-4-one as an oil. 25 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI 3 ) 6 4.36- 4.29 (m, 1H), 3.77- 3.66 (m, 3H), 3.61 - 3.54 (m, 1H), 2.65 - 2.43 (m, 2H), 2.34 - 2.27 (m, 2H), 2.04 (bs, 1 H, CH 2 OH). The above tetrahydro-pyran-4-one (1.90 g, 0.015 mol), tert-butyl cyanoacetate (2.7 g, 0.019 mol), sulfur (0.51 g, 0.016 mol) and morpholine (2.55 ml, 0.03 mol) were dissolved in abso 30 lute ethanol (20 ml), and heated to 50 oC for 16 h. The reaction mixture was cooled, filtered and the filtrate evaporated in vacuo. The resultant oil was dissolved in ethyl acetate (50 ml), washed with water (2 x 50 ml), brine (2 x 50 m) and dried (MgSO 4 ). The solvent was evapo rated in vacuo and the residue was subjected to flash column chromatography using ethyl acetate/hexanes (1:1) as eluent. Pure fractions were collected affording after evaporation in WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 161 vacuo 3.7 g (90 %) of 2-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3 carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI 3 ) 64.64 (s, 2H), 3.80 - 3.67 (m, 3H), 2.77 - 2.72 (m, 1H), 2.57 2.53 (m, 1H), 1.54 (s, 9H). 5 The above carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (3.0 g, 0.015 mol), phthalimide (2.10 g, 0.014 mol) and triphenylphosphine (3.68 g, 0.014) were dissolved in dry tetrahydrofuran (60 ml) and cooled to 0 oC under a nitrogen atmosphere. Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (DIAD) (2.71 ml, 0.014 mol) was added dropwise at 0 oC and the solution allowed to stir overnight, slowly 10 warming to room temperature. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the resultant solid dissolved in ethyl acetate (60 ml). The organic phase was washed with brine (2 x 50 ml), dried (MgSO 4 ) and evaporated in vacuo. The residue was subjected to flash column chromatography initially eluted with a mixture of ethyl acetate/hexanes (1:3). Once the prod uct began to elute, the eluent mixture was switched to ethyl acetate/hexanes (1:2). Pure 15 fractions were collected affording after evaporation in vacuo 2.90 g (47 %) of 2-amino-5-(1,3 dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI 3 ) 6 7.87 - 7.85 (m, 2H), 7.83 - 7.71 (m, 2H), 5.94 (bs, 2H), 4.59 (d, J = 14 Hz, 1H), 4.52 (d, J = 14 Hz, 1H), 4.0 - 3.98 (m, 2H), 3.83 - 3.79 (m, 1H), 2.87 (d, J= 20 17 Hz, 1H), 2.58 (dd, J = 17 Hz, 9 Hz, 1H), 1.50 (s, 9H). To the above 4 ,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tedrt butyl ester (0.5 g, 1.2 mmol) dissolved in dichloromethane (5 ml), was added triethylamine (0.33 ml, 2.4 mmol) and imidazol-1-yl-oxo-acetic acid tert butyl ester (0.47 g, 2.4 mmol) under nitrogen. The reaction 25 mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature for 18 hours. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the solid residue dissolved in ethyl acetate (20 ml). The organic phase was washed with 1% hydrochloric acid (2 x 10 ml), brine (2 x 10 ml), dried (MgSO 4 ). The organic phase was evaporated in vacuo affording 0.64 g (99 %) of 2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5 (1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic 30 acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 6 12.48 (s, 1H, NHCO), 7.88 - 7.86 (m, 2H), 7.74 - 7.72 (m, 2H), 4.78 (d, J = 19 Hz, 1H), 4.65 (d, J = 19 Hz, 1H), 4.07 -3.90 (m, 2H), 3.88 - 3.80 (m, 1H), 2.97 (d, J = 17 Hz, 1H), 2.68 (dd, J = 17 Hz, 9 Hz, 1H), 1.58 (s, 9H), 1.54 (s, 9H).

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 162 The above di-tert-butyl ester (2.8 g, 5.16 mmol) was dissolved in a mixture of trifluoroacetic acid and dichloromethane (1:5) (36 ml). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 6 hr. The precipitate was filtered off, washed with diethyl ether, dried in vacuo at 50 oC which 5 afforded 1.26 g (57 %) of the title compound as a solid. M.p.: 245.2 - 245.6 'C. 1 H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 8 12.32 (s, 1H, NHCO), 7.95 - 7.80 (m, 4H), 4.75 (d, J = 20 Hz, 1H), 4.62 (d, J = 20 Hz, 1H), 3.96 - 3.69 (m, 3H), 3.01 (d, J = 18 Hz, 1H), 2.60 (dd, J = 10 18 Hz, 9 Hz, 1H). Calculated for C 1 9

H

1 4

N

2 0 8 S; C, 53.02 %; H, 3.28 %; N, 6.51 %. Found: C, 53.01 %; H, 3.31 %; N, 6.41%. 15 EXAMPLE 107 0 NH OH 00O 20 5-(Benzoylamino-methyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-4. 7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2.3-cjpyran-3-carboxylic acid 2-(tert-Butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H 25 thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (0.33 g, 0.60 mmol) was dissolved in a solution of ethanol (2 ml) and dichloromethane (3 ml). Hydrazine (28 P1, 0.9 mmol) was added and the reaction stirred under nitrogen at room temperature for 24 h. TLC analysis indicated that starting material was still present. An additional portion of hydrazine (28 p.1, 0.9 mmol) was added and the reaction stirred at room temperature for another 16 h, then at 45 30 oC for 5 h. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo, redissolved in dichloromethane and the insoluble material filtered off. The filtrate was collected and concentrated in vacuo affording WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 163 crude 5-aminomethyl-2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3 carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid, which was carried through to the next step without further purification. 5 The above crude 5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (0.25 g, 0.60 mmol) was suspended in a mixture of dichloromethane and acetonitrile (1:1, 5 ml). Triethylamine (0.25 ml, 1.8 mmol) was added followed by 1-hydroxy-benzotriazole hydrate (0.10 g, 0.72 mmol) and 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (0.14 g, 0.72 mmol) as solids. The heterogeneous reaction mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature for 2 10 days, after which the mixture was homogenous. The solvents were evaporated in vacuo, the residue dissolved in dichloromethane washed twice with 1M hydrochloric acid, then with saturated sodium bicarbonate. The organic phase was dried (Na 2

SO

4 ), filtered and concen trated in vacuo affording a solid which was purified by flash chromatography using a mixture of ethyl acetate and hexanes (1:1) as eluent. Pure fractions were collected and evaporated 15 in vacuo affording 50 mg (16 % over two steps) of 5-(benzoylamino-methyl)-2-(tert butoxyoxalyl-amino)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2, 3 -c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCi 3 ) 6 12.46 (s, 1H), 7.81 (d, J = 7 Hz, 2 H), 7.51 -7.42 (m, 3H), 6.72 (bs, 1H), 4.83 (d, J = 17 Hz, 1H), 4.74 (d, J = 17 Hz, 1H), 4.05 - 3.98 (m, 1H), 3.86 - 3.78 (m, 20 1H), 3.45 - 3.38 (m, 1H), 2.97 (d, J = 19 Hz, 1H), 2.68 (dd, J = 19 Hz, 9 Hz, 1H), 1.61 (s, 9H), 1.58 (s, 9H). The above benzoylamino-methyl-thieno[2,3-c]pyran (40 mg, 0.078 mmol) was treated with 20 % trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane (2 ml) for 4 h. The volatiles were evaporated in 25 vacuo and chased twice with dichloromethane, forming a precipitate which was filtered off and dried yielding 30 mg (95 %) of the title compound as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-de) 8 12.31 (s, 1H), 8.63 (t, J = 4 Hz, 1H), 7.86 (d, J = 7 Hz, 2H), 7.51 - 7.43 (m, 3H), 4.80 (d, J = 17 Hz, 1H), 4.64 (d, J = 17 Hz, 1H), 3.82 (m, 1H), 3.44 (m, 30 2H), 2.95 (d, J = 18, 1H), 2.52 (dd, J = 18 Hz, 9 Hz, 1H). LC/MS [M-H]: 403.39. HPLC (254.4nm): 2.99 s, 84 %.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 164 EXAMPLE 108 5 0 O OH 5-Benzoyloxymethyl-2-(oxalyl-amino)-4. 7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2.3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid 10 2-Amino-5-hydroxymethyl-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl es ter (0.23 g, 0.87 mmol) benzoic acid (0.10 g, 0.96 mmol) and triethylamine (0.23 ml, 1.7 mmol) were dissolved in dichloromethane (4 ml) and stirred under nitrogen. 1-(3 Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (0.17 g, 0.96 mmol) and 1-hydroxy benzotriazole hydrate (0.12 g, 0.96 mmol) were added as solids. The reaction mixture was 15 stirred at room temperature for 2 days, after which the solvents were evaporated in vacuo. The crude mixture was dissolved in ethyl acetate and washed with 1N hydrochloric acid, saturated sodium bicarbonate, brine and dried (Na 2

SO

4 ). The solvent was evaporated in vacuo, yielding a yellow solid that was purified by flash chromatography using a mixture of ethyl acetate and hexanes (1:2) as eluent. Pure fractions were collected and evaporated in 20 vacuo affording 0.22 g (70 %) of 2 -amino-5-benzoyloxymethyl-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3 c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI 3 ) 8 8.06 (d, J = 7 Hz, 2H), 7.55 (t, J = 7 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (t, J = 7 Hz, 2H), 4.64 (s, 2H), 4.44 (d, J = 5 Hz, 2H), 4.03 - 3.97 (m, 1H), 2.88 (d, J = 18 Hz, 1H), 2.64 25 (dd, J = 17 Hz, 10 Hz, 1H), 1.50 (s, 9H). LC/MS [M+H]: 390.48 To the above carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (0.18 g, 0.45 mmol) dissolved in dry tetrahy 30 drofuran (5 ml), was added triethylamine (0.18 ml, 1.4 mmol) and imidazol-1-yl-oxo-acetic acid tert-butyl ester (0.26 g, 1.4 mmol) under nitrogen. The reaction mixture was stirred at WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 165 room temperature for 3 h. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the resultant solid re constituted in ethyl acetate (10 ml). The organic layer was washed with 1% hydrochloric acid (2 x 10 ml), brine (2 x 10 ml), dried (Na 2

SO

4 ), filtered and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The resulting oil was purified by flash chromatography using a mixture of ethyl acetate and 5 hexane (1:2) as eluent affording ester 0.20 g (90 %) of 5-benzoyloxymethyl-2-(tert butoxyoxalyl-amino)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI 3 ) 6 8.07 (d, J = 7 Hz, 2H), 7.56 (t, J = 7 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (t, J = 7 Hz, 2H), 4.85 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 4.77 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 4.49 (d, J = 5 Hz, 2H), 4.03 -3.99 (m, 10 1H), 2.99 (d, J = 17 Hz, 1H), 2.72 (dd, J = 17 Hz, 11 Hz, 1H), 1.58 (s, 9H), 1.60 (s, 9H). The above di-tert butyl ester (0.15 g, 0.29 mmol) was dissolved in a solution of 20 % trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane (3 ml). Immediately the solution developed a dark orange color that quickly became red. The reaction was stirred for 1.5 h at room tempera 15 ture. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo affording a brown solid which was washed twice with diethyl ether and water and filtered off. The resulting solid was dried in vacuo, yielding 30 mg (25 %) of the title compound as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 6 12.40 (s, 1H), 7.98 (d, J = 7 Hz, 2H), 7.67 (t, J = 7 Hz, 1H), 7.54 (t, J = 7 Hz, 2H), 4.83 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 4.44 (d, J = 5 Hz, 2H), 20 4.02 - 3.99 (m, 1H), 2.99 (d, J = 16 Hz, 1H), 2.70 (dd, J = 16 Hz, 9 Hz, 1H). LC/MS [M-H]: 404.05. HPLC (254.4 nm): 7.16 s, 90 %. 25 EXAMPLE 109 0 0 OH N 00 O 30 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-5-(1 -oxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4.7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3 c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 166 To a solution of 2-amino-5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (0.308 g, 0.74 mmol) in absolute ethanol (5 ml) was added hydrazine (47 .tl, 1.48 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 80 'C for 4 h and 5 then at room temperature for another 12 h. The precipitate formed was filtered off and the filtrate concentrated in vacuo. To the oily residue was added dichloromethane (15 ml) and the precipitate formed was filtered off. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to give 2 amino-5-aminomethyl-4, 7 -dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester 0.19 g (90 %) as a solid. 10 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 8 5.91 (bs, 2H), 4.62 (s, 2H), 3.64 - 3.60 (m, 1H), 2.92 - 2.84 (m, 2H), 2.80 - 2.75 (m, 1H), 2.52 - 2.45 (m, 1H), 1.53 (s, 9H). LC-MS [M+H]*: 285 Phthalic dicarboxaldehyde (52 mg, 0.36 mmol) was dissolved in a mixture of anhydrous 15 acetonitrile (2 ml) and acetic acid (44 pl, 0.72 mmol). The above 2-amino-5-aminomethyl 4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (0.11 g, 0.36 mmol) was added and the reaction stirred for 20 minutes at room temperature. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the residue dissolved in ethyl acetate (25 ml). The organic mixture was washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate (5 ml), 1 % hydrochloric acid (5 ml), brine (5 20 ml), dried (Na 2

SO

4 ), filtered and evaporated in vacuo. The residue was purified by chroma tography using a gradient from 15 % ethyl acetate/dichloromethane to 17 % ethyl ace tate/dichloromethane as eluent affording 45 mg (30 %) of 2-amino-5-(1-oxo-1,3-dihydro isoindol- 2 -ylmethyl)- 4 ,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. 25 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDC3) 8 7.85 (d, J = 7 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (t, J = 7 Hz, 1H), 7.47 - 7.43 (m, 2H), 4.68 (d, J = 17 Hz, 1H), 4.58 -4.51 (m, 3H), 3.99 (dd, J = 14 Hz, 3 Hz, 1H), 3.93 - 3.89 (m, 1H), 3.66 - 3.61 (m, 1H), 2.88 (d, J = 17 Hz, 1H), 2.55 (dd, J = 17 Hz, 11 Hz, 1H), 1.52 (s, 9H). 30 To a solution of 2-amino-5-(1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3 c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (45 mg, 1.1 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (4 ml) was added imidazol-1-yl-oxo-acetic acid tert-butyl ester (73 mg, 3.3 mmol) and triethy lamine (17 p1, 1.1 mmol). The reaction was stirred under nitrogen at room temperature for 5 h. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo and the crude material was dissolved in ethyl ace- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 167 tate (20 ml). The organic solution was washed with 0.5 N hydrochloric acid (3 ml), saturated sodium bicarbonate (3 ml), brine (5 ml), dried (Na 2

SO

4 ), filtered and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The residue was purified by chromatography using dichloromethane (100 %) fol lowed by 17 % ethyl acetate/dichloromethane as eluents affording 54 mg (91 %) of 2-(tert 5 butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-(1 -oxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3 c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 8 12.50 (s, 1H), 7.84 (d, J = 8 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (t, J = 7 Hz, 1H), 7.47 - 7.43 (m, 2H), 4.81 -4.65 (m, 3H), 4.53 (d, J = 17 Hz, 1H), 4.01 (dd, J = 14 Hz, 3 Hz, 1H), 3.96 - 3.89 (m, 1H), 3.69 - 3.62 (m, 1H), 2.97 (d, J = 17 Hz, 1H), 2.63 (dd, J = 17 Hz, 11 10 Hz, 1H), 1.59 (s, 9H), 1.56 (s, 9H). APC/-MS [M+H]*: 529.5 The above 2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-(1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro 5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (52 mg, 0.098 mmol) was treated 15 with a solution of 50 % trifluoroacetic acid/dichloromethane (3 ml) for 4.5 h at room tem perature. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the residue chased three times with dichloromethane (10 ml). The solid formed was filtered off and washed with dichloromethane affording 28 mg (70 %) of the title compound as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 8 12.32 (s, 1H), 7.69 (d, J = 8 Hz, 1H), 7.61 - 7.59 (m, 2H), 20 7.51 - 7.45 (m, 1H), 4.81 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 4.65 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 4.60 (s, 2H), 3.95 - 3.92 (m, 1H), 3.75 (d, J = 5Hz, 2H), 2.94 (d, J = 16Hz, 1H), 2.56 (dd, J = 16 Hz, 10Hz, 1H). APC/-MS [M+H] : 417.3 25 HPLC (254.4nm): 3.079 s (100 %) EXAMPLE 110 0 OH 0c S 30 0 OH WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 168 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-6-oxo-4.5.6,7-tetrahydro-benzo[b]thiophene-3-carboxylic acid 2 -(Ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-6-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-benzo[b]thiophene-3-carboxylic acid (3.0 g, 0.013 mol) was dissolved in a mixture of water (40 ml), ethanol (20 ml) and tetrahydrofuran 5 (20 ml) at room temperature. To the resulting mixture was added 1 N sodium hydroxide (20.24 ml, 20.24 mmol). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 72 h, pH was adjusted to 3 by addition of concentrated hydrochloric acid. The precipitate was filtered off and washed with water (2 x 15 ml), diethyl ether (2 x 15 ml) and dried in vacuo at 50 oC affording 1.96 g (73 %) of the title compound as a solid. 10 M.p.: > 230 0C Calculated for C 11

HNO

6 S; C, 46.64 %; H, 3.30 %; N, 4.94 %. Found: C, 46.97 %; H, 3.30 %; N, 5.80 %. 15 By a similar procedure as described in Example 81 the following compounds have been pre pared. EXAMPLE 111 20 OH 0 O O OH S H 0 OH 4-Carboxymethyl-2-(oxalyl-amino)-4.5.

6

.

7 -tetrahydro-benzo-[b]thienophene-3-carboxylic acidly 2-Carbmethoxymethylcyclohexanone was prepared in the same way as described in J. Am. 25 Chem. Soc. 81, 3955-3959 (1959) for 2 -carbethoxy-methylcyclohexanone. M.p.: > 250 oC Calculated for C 1 3

H

1 3

N

1 0 7 S,, 0.75 H 2 0; C, 45.81 %; H, 4.29 %; N, 4.11%. Found: 30 C, 45.79 %; H, 4.02 %; N, 4,08 %.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 169 EXAMPLE 112 0 OH o ossa so a% O OH 5 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-6-oxo-4.7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2.3-c]thiopyran-3-carboxylic acid: 1-Oxo-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-4H-thiopyran-4-one was prepared as described in J. Org. Chem. 27, 282-284 (1962). 10 M.p.: > 250 oC. Calculated for Co 10

HN

1 0 6

S

2 , 0.2 x NaCI; C, 38.13 %; H, 2.88 %; N, 4.45 %. Found: C, 37.98 %; H, 2.82 %; N, 4,29 %. 15 EXAMPLE 113 O OH OS O O0 Na 20 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-6,6-dioxo-4.7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2.3-clthiopyran-3-carboxylic acid, mono sodium salt; 1,1-Dioxide-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-4H-thiopyran-4-one was prepared as described in J. Org. Chem. 60, 1665-1673 (1995). 25 M.p.: > 250 C Calculated for Co 1 0

H

8 N07S 2 Na 1 , 1 x H 2 0; C, 33.43 %; H, 2.81 %; N, 3.90 %. Found: C, 33.43 %; H, 2.78 %; N, 3,76 %.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 170 By a similar procedure as described in Example 107 the following compounds have been prepared. 5 EXAMPLE 114 0 NNH OH oN 10 0 0 OH 2 -(Oxalyl-amino)-5-((( 4 -oxo-chromene-4H-3-carbonyl)amino)methyl)-4.7-dihydro-5H 10 thieno[2.3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid; 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 8 12.32 (s, 1H), 9.47 (t, J = 4 Hz, 1H), 9.08 (s, 1H), 8.19 (dd, J = 8 Hz, 2 Hz, 1H), 7.90 (dt, J = 8 Hz, 2 Hz, 1H), 7.78 (d, J = 8 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (t, J = 8 Hz, 1H), 4.88 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 3.83 - 3.79 (m, 1H), 3.72 - 3.66 (m, 1H), 3.55 - 3.48 (m, 1H), 2.95 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 2.60 (dd, J = 15 Hz, 8 Hz, 1H). 15 LC/MS [M-H]-: 471.4 HPLC (254.4 nm): 3.105 s, 94%. 20 EXAMPLE 115 0 0 0 NH OH

N

0 N 25 0 OH 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-5-(((4-oxo-chromene-4H-2-carbonyl)amino)methyl)-4 7-dihydro-5H thieno[2.3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid; WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 171 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-de) 5 12.32 (s, 1H), 9.33 (t, J =4 Hz, 1H), 8.05 (d, J = 8 Hz, 1H), 7.89 (t, J = 8 Hz, 1H), 7.76 (d, J = 8 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (t, J = 8 Hz, 1H), 6.84 (s, 1H), 4.83 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 4.66 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 3.89 - 3.84 (m, 1H), 3.56 - 3.45 (m, 2H), 2.98 (d, J = 18 Hz, 1H), 2.63 - 2.52 (m, 1H, partially obscured by DMSO). 5 LC/MS [M-H]-: 471.4 HPLC (254.4 nm): 2.886 s, 95 %. 10 EXAMPLE 116 o 03- -- NHr OH SS O O OH 5-((3-Furan-3-yi-acryloylamino)-methyl)-2-(oxalyi-amino)-4.7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-clpyran 3-carboxylic acid: 15 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 5 12.32 (s, 1H), 8.20 (t, J = 5 Hz, 1H), 7.99 (s, 1H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.33 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 6.68 (s, 1H), 6.42 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 4.81 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 4.65 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 3.74 - 3.67 (m, 1H), 3.44 - 3.34 (m, 2H), 2.91 (d, J = 17 Hz, 1H), 2.53 (dd, 1H, partially obscured by DMSO). 20 LC/MS [M-H]-: 419.4 HPLC (254.4 nm): 2.822 s, 91% 25 EXAMPLE 117 0 N H OH 0 OH WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 172 5-((3-Furan-2-yl-acryloylamino)-methyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-4 7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2.3-c]pyran 3-carboxylic acid: 'H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-ds) 6 12.32 (s, 1H), 8.37 (t, 1H), 7.77 (s, 1H), 7.23 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 6.76 (d, J = 3 Hz, 1H), 6.57 (dd, J = 3 Hz, 2 Hz, 1H), 6.50 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 4.81 (d, J 5 = 15 Hz, 1H), 4.65 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 3.74 -3.67 (m, 1H), 3.48 -3.32 (m, 2H), 2.91 (d, J = 17 Hz, 1H), 2.53 (dd, 1H, partially obscured by DMSO). [M-H]-: 419.3 HPLC (254.4 nm): 2.815 s, 86% 10 EXAMPLE 118 0 0O OH V N H _ H N' : OH 0 S 15 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-5-(((3-oxo-indane-1-carbonyl)amino)methyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2.3 cipyran-3-carboxylic acid: 'H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 8 12.33 (s, 1H), 8.81 (bs, 1H), 7.74 -7.62 (m, 3H), 7.47 (t, J = 20 7 Hz, 1H), 4.83 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 4.67 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 4.29 (t, J = 5 Hz, 1H), 3.41 - 3.25 (m, 3H), 2.91 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 2.77 (d, J = 5 Hz, 2H), 2.58 -2.51 (m, 1H, partially ob scured by DMSO). LC/MS [M-H]-: 457.5 25 HPLC (254.4 nm): 2.634 s, 97 %. By a similar procedure as described in Example 106 the following compound was prepared. 30 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 173 EXAMPLE 119 0 <OON OH so SOH 5 5-(2.

4 -Dioxo-thiazolidin- 3 -ylmethyl)-2-(oxaly-amino)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2.3-c]pyran-3 carboxylic acid: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD and DMSO-d 6 ) 5 4.88 (m, 2H), 3.97 - 3.89 (m, 3H), 3.72 - 3.69 (m, 2H), 3.08 (m, 1H), 3.02 (m, 1H). 10 MS (ESI (-)): 399. HPLC (254.4nm): 2.67, s, 100%. 15 By a similar procedure as described in Example 81 the following compounds have been pre pared. 20 EXAMPLE 120 0 OH o O O OH 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-5-(2'-spiro[1 '.3']dioxolane)-6. 7 -dihydro-4H-benzo[b]thiophen-3-carboxylic acid 25 M.p.: 232 - 234 oC Calculated for C 13

H

13 NO7S, 1 x H 2 0; C, 45.22 %; H, 4.38 %; N, 4.06 %. Found: C, 45.24 %; H, 4.39 %; N, 3.98 %.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 174 By a similar procedure as described in Example 107 the following compounds have been prepared. 5 EXAMPLE 121 0 O 0 OH H - 0 OH 5-((3.5-Dimethoxy-benzoylamino)-methyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-4 7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3 10 c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid; 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-ds) 6 12.31 (s, 1H), 8.63 (t, J = 5 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (s, 2H), 6.62 (s, 1H), 4.80 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 4.64 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 3.82 -3.79 (m, 1H), 3.77 (s, 6H), 3.47 3.45 (m, 2H), 2.94 (d, J = 17 Hz, 1H), 2.53 (dd, J = 17 Hz, 11 Hz, 1H). 15 LC/MS [M-H]-: 463.4 HPLC (254.4 nm): 3.161 s, 93% 20 EXAMPLE 122 0 0 OH ci N H ~ 0 s CI O OH 5-(5.6-Dichloro-1.3-dioxo- 1.3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-4.7-dihydro-5H 25 thieno[2.3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid; To a solution of 2 -hydroxymethyl-tetrahydro-pyran-4-one (625 mg, 4.81 mmol) in a mixture of pyridine (778 pl, 9.62 mmol) and chloroform (6.0 ml) at 0 0C under nitrogen was slowly added 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride (1.60 g, 7.22 mmol). The mixture was allowed to WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 175 warm to room temperature and stirred for 3 h. Chloroform (30 ml) was added and the solu tion washed with 2.0 N hydrochloric acid (3 x 10 ml), 5 % NaHCO 3 (3 x 10 ml) and water (3 x 10 ml). The organic phase was dried (Na 2

SO

4 ), filtered and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The solid residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel using a gradient of 5 dichloromethane:hexane:ethyl acetate (1:1:0 to 8:0:2) as eluent. Pure fractions were col lected and the volatiles were evaporated in vacuo affording 0.98 g (65 %) of 4-nitro benzenesulfonic acid 4-oxo-tetrahydro-pyran-2-ylmethyl ester as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 5 2.37 (d, 2H, J = 7.8 Hz), 2.57 (m, 1H), 3.63 (m, 1H), 3.89 (m, 1H), 4.20 -4.26 (m, 3H), 8.14 (dd, 2H, J = 0.6 Hz, J = 9 Hz), 8.42 (dd, 2H, J = 0.6 Hz, J = 9 10 Hz). MS m/z: 315.3 (M+). 4-Nitro-benzenesulfonic acid 4 -oxo-tetrahydro-pyran-2-ylmethyl ester (0.5 g, 1.59 mmol), ethylene glycol (986 mg, 15.9 mmol) and p-toluene sulfonic acid (61 mg, 0.32 mmol) were 15 refluxed in benzene (20 ml) for 20 h. The solvent was removed in vacuo to afford a solid. The solid was dissolved in dichloromethane (30 ml) and successively washed with a satu rated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate (2 x 5 ml) and water (2 x 5 ml). The organic phase was dried (Na 2

SO

4 ), filtered and the solvent removal in vacuo afforded 582 mg (100 %) of 4-nitro-benzenesulfonic acid 1, 4

,

8 -trioxa-spiro[4.5]dec-7-ylmethyl ester as a solid. 20 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDC3) 5 1.53 - 1.73 (m, 4H), 3.54 (m, 1H), 3.8 (m, 2H), 3.96 (m, 4H), 4.15 (m, 2H), 8.12 (dd, 2H, J = 1.5 Hz, J = 9.0 Hz), 8.40 (dd, 4H, J = 1.5 Hz, J = 9.0 Hz). MS m/z: 359.3. 25 3,4-Dichlorophthalimide (90.2 mg, 0.42 mmol) was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (2.0 ml) at room temperature. Sodium hydride (17 mg, 0.42 mmol) was added under nitrogen. 4 Nitro-benzenesulfonic acid 1, 4

,

8 -trioxa-spiro[4.5]dec-7-ylmethyl ester (100 mg, 0.28 mmol) was added and the mixture heated to 140 oC for 3 h. After cooling to room temperature the 30 reaction mixture was added to ice water (5 ml) and the mixture extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 15 ml). The combined ethyl acetate extracts were washed with 1.0 N hydrochloric acid (2 x 5 ml), water (2 x 5 ml), saturated sodium bicarbonate (2 x 5 ml) and water (2 x 5 ml). After drying (Na 2

SO

4 ) followed by filtration, the solvent was removed in vacuo affording 97 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 176 mg (94 %) of 5,6-dichloro-2-(1,4,8-trioxa-spiro[4.5]dec-7-ylmethyl)-isoindole-1,3-dione as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) 6 1.60 (m, 2H), 1.78 (m, 2H), 3.54 (m, 1H), 3.64 (m, 1H), 3.88 (m, 2H), 3.95 (m, 4H), 7.95 (d, 2H, J = 3 Hz). 5 MS m/z: 373.7 (M+). 5,6-Dichloro-2-(1,4,8-trioxa-spiro[4.5]dec-7-ylmethyl)-isoindole-1,3-dione (87 mg, 0.234 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (2.5 ml). 1.0 N hydrochloric acid (1.0 ml) was added 10 to the solution and the mixture was heated at 75 oC for 20 h. The heterogeneous mixture was evaporated to dryness in vacuo and the resulting solid was dissolved in di chloromethane (10 ml) and washed with water (3 x 2 ml). The organic layer was dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and the solvent evaporated in vacuo affording 62.1 mg (81 %) of 5,6 dichloro-2-(4-oxo-tetrahydro-pyran-2-ylmethyl)-isoindole-1,3-dione as a solid. 15 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 6 2.31 - 2.41 (m, 2H), 2.48 (t, 1H, J = 2.0 Hz), 2.62 (m, 1H), 3.60 (m, 1H), 3.72 (m, 1H), 3.99 (m, 2H), 4.29 (m, 1H), 7.96 (d, 2H, J = 2.7 Hz). MS m/z: 331.1 (M+). 20 5, 6 -Dichloro-2-(4-oxo-tetrahydro-pyran-2-ylmethyl)-isoindole- 1,3-dione (60 mg, 0.18 mmol) was stirred with tert-butyl cyanoacetate (33.5 mg, 0.24 mmol), elemental sulfur (6.44 mg, 0.20 mmol) and morpholine (32.4 tl, 0.37 mmol) in ethanol for 20 h at 50 0C. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the resulting solid was dissolved in dichloromethane (30 ml) and washed with water (2 x 10 ml). The organic phase was dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and the 25 solvent evaporated in vacuo. The residue (111 mg) was purified by preparative TLC (Kieselgel 60F 2 54 , 1 mm) using a mixture of hexane and ethyl acetate (1:1) as eluent. Pure compound was obtained after evaporation of the solvent in vacuo affording 28 mg (32 %) of 2-amino-5-(5,6-dichloro-1,3-dioxo-1, 3 -dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. 30 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDC3) 8 1.54 (s, 9H), 2.90 (m, 1H), 3.35 (m, 2H), 2.60 (m, 2H), 2.90 (m, 1H), 4.62 (m, 1H), 7.95 (d, 2H, J = 1.8 Hz). MS m/z: 483.3 (M+), 427 (M-57).

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 177 A mixture of 2-amino-5-(5,6-dichloro-1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro 5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (27.5 mg, 0.057 mmol), imidazol-1-yl oxo-acetic acid tert-butyl ester (55.8 mg, 0.29 mmol) and triethylamine (16 P1, 0.114 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (2 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 20 h. The volatiles were evapo 5 rated in vacuo and the resulting syrup was dissolved in dichloromethane (15 ml) and washed with water (3 x 3 ml). The organic phase was dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and the solvent evapo rated in vacuo. The residue (35.7 mg) was purified by preparative TLC (Kieselgel 60F 2 54 , 0.5 mm) using a mixture of hexane and ethyl acetate (8:2) as eluent. After isolation 8.5 mg (24 %) of 2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-(5,6-dichloro-1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl) 10 4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester was obtained. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI 3 ) 6 1.58 (s, 18H), 2.68 (m, 1H), 2.97 - 3.02 (m, 1H), 3.82 (m, 1H), 4.63 - 4.68 (m, 1H), 4.77 - 4.82 (m, 1H), 7.97 (d, 2H, J = 2.1 Hz). MS m/z 611.4 (M+). 15 2-(tert-Butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-(5,6-dichloro-1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7 dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (3.5 mg, 5.7x10-3 mmol) was dissolved in 20 % trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane (1.0 ml) and stirred for 2 h at room temperature. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo which afforded 2.7 mg (95 %) of the title compound as a solid. 20 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 0D) 6 2.66 (m, 1H), 3.10 (m, 1H), 3.80 (m, 1H), 3.98 (m, 2H), 4.66 (m, 1H), 4.74 (m, 1H). MS m/z 498.3 (M-). 25 The following compounds were prepared in a similar way as described in example 122. EXAMPLE 123 0 0 OH 0 O H 0 >1O4 30 0 OH WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 178 5-(1.3-Dioxo-1 .

3

.

4 .5.6,7-hexahydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-4,7-dihydro-5H thieno[2.3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid: 2-(1,4,8-Trioxa-spiro[4.5]dec-7-ylmethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-isoindole-1,3-dione 73.1 mg (62 5 %) as an oil. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 8 1.42 - 1.58 (m, 2H), 2.24 (m, 2H), 2.62 (m, 2H), 3.10 (m, 2H), 3.50 (m, 2H), 3.71 (m, 3H), 3.94 (m, 6H), 5.9 (m, 2H). 2-(4-Oxo-tetrahydro-pyran-2-ylmethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-isoindole-1,3-dione 50 mg (92 %) as a solid. 10 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 6 0.86 (m, 2H), 1.64 (m, 2H), 2.22 (m, 1H), 2.34 (m, 2H), 2.61 (m, 3H), 3.13 (m, 2H), 3.79 (m, 1H), 3.95 (m, 1H), 4.28 (m, 1H), 5.92 (m, 2H). 2-Amino-5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3,4,5,6, 7 -hexahydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3 c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester was obtained as a solid after purification by prepa rative TLC (Kieselgel 60F 254 , 1mm, hexane: ethyl acetate, 1:1) (36 mg, 47 %). 15 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 8 1.53 (s, 9H), 2.22 (m, 2H), 2.62 (m, 2H), 2.83 (m, 1H), 3.11 (m, 2H), 3.56 (m, 1H), 3.83 (m, 2H), 4.50 (m, 2H), 5.89 (m, 2H). MS m/z 419.5 (M+), 363.4 (M-57). 20 2-(tert-Butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7 dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester was obtained after purifica tion by preparative TLC (Kieselgel 60F 2 5 4 , 0.5 mm, hexane: ethyl acetate, 8:2). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 5 1.60 (s, 18H), 2.24 (m, 2H), 2.92 (m, 3H), 3.14 (m, 2H), 3.90 (m, 2H), 4.11 (m, 1H), 4.63 (m, 1H), 4.78 (m, 1H), 5.91 (m, 2H). 25 MS m/z 545.4 (M-), 489.4 (M-57). The title compound was obtained as a solid (17.2 mg, quantitative yield). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 0D) 5 2.28 (m, 2H), 2.55 (m, 2H), 2.97 (m, 2H), 3.31 (m, 2H), 3.56 30 3.93 (m, 3H), 4.70 (m, 2H), 5.91 (m, 2H). MS m/z 433.3 (M-).

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 179 EXAMPLE 124 0 OH o OH N H 00 OH 5 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-5-(1,1,3-trioxo-1,3-dihydro-1 H-benzo[d]isothiazol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro 5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid; 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD30D) 8 8.09 - 7.8 (m, 4H), 4.85 -4.67 (m, 3H), 4.21 - 4.12 (m, 1H), 10 4.02 - 3.94 (m, 1H), 3.11 - 3.06 (m, 1H), 2.90 - 2.80 (m, 1H). MS (ESI (-)): 465. HPLC (254.4nm): 2.31, s, 99%. 15 EXAMPLE 125 O O OH 0 OH 20 5-[( 4 -Methoxy-benzenesulfonylamino)-methyl]-2-(oxalyl-amino)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3 c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid; To a solution of 2-amino-5-aminomethyl-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid 25 tert-butyl ester (101 mg, 0.35 mmol) in dichloromethane (1 ml) was added pyridine (32 pl, 0.39 mmol) and 4-methoxybenzenesulfonyl chloride (82 mg, 0.39 mmol). The reaction mix ture was stirred at room temperature for 48 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with di chloromethane (2 ml) and subjected to preparative TLC (1:1 hexanes/ethyl acetate) affording WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 180 10 mg, (10 %) of 2 -amino-5-((4-methoxy-benzenesulfonylamino)-methyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI 3 ) 8 7.82 (d, J = 9Hz, 2H), 6.93 (d, J = 9Hz, 2H), 5.3 (bs, 2H), 4.57 (s, 2H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 3.72 (m, 1H), 3.10 - 3.06 (m, 1H), 2.95 - 2.87 (m, 1H), 2.69- 2.64 (m, 5 1H), 2.41 - 2.32 (m, 1H), 1.47 (s, 9H). MS: APCI (-): 453 [M-H]. To a solution of 2 -amino-5-(( 4 -methoxy-benzenesulfonylamino)-methyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H 10 thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (8 mg, 0.017 mmol) in dichloromethane (1 ml) was added triethylamine (7.4 p.I, 0.051 mmol), and imidazol-1-yl-oxo-acetic acid tert butyl ester (10 mg, 0.051 mmol) and stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The volatiles were removed in vacuo and to the residue was added dichloromethane (2 ml). The solution was purified by preparative TLC (10 % methanol/90 % dichloromethane) affording 10 mg (100 %) 15 of 2 -(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-((4-methoxy-benzenesulfonylamino)-methyl)-4,7-dihydro 5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI 3 ) 8 7.83 (d, J = 9 Hz, 2H), 6.93 (d, J = 9 Hz, 2H), 4.68 (m, 2H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 3.7 (m, 3H), 3.29 - 3.22 (m, 1H), 2.80 - 2.75 (m, 1H), 2.53 - 2.43 (m, 1H), 1.56 (s, 18H). 20 MS:APCI (+): 582.8 [M+H], 527 (-1 tert-Bu). 2 -(tert-Butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-((4-methoxy-benzenesulfonylamino)-methyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (10 mg, 0.017 mmol) was added to a 25 solution of 25 % trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane (2 ml). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h, at which time, the solvent was removed in vacuo. The residue was precipitated by addition of diethyl ether and washed two times with diethyl ether affording after drying 2 mg (25 %) of the title compound as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) 6 7.78 (d, J = 9 Hz, 2H), 7.02 (d, J = 9 Hz, 2H), 4.76 - 4.63 (m, 30 2H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 3.75 (m, 1H), 3.50 - 3.47 (m, 2H), 2.89 - 2.83 (m, 1H), 2.52 - 2.42 (m, 1H). MS: APCI (+): 471 [M+H]; WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 181 EXAMPLE 126 OH HO H 0 OH 5 N-(6-Hydroxy-3-hydroxymethyl-4,5,6, 7 -tetrahydro-benzolb]thiophen-2-yl)-oxalamic acid: 2-(Ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-6-(2'-spiro[1

',

3 ']dioxolane)-6,7-dihydro-4H-benzo[b]thiophen-3 carboxylic acid tert butyl ester (20 g, 0.05 mol) was dissolved in a (1:4) mixture of trifluoroacetic acid and dichloromethane (200 ml) containing water (1 ml) at 0 oC. The reac 10 tion mixture was stirred at 0 oC for 1 h and at room temperature for 20 h. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the solid residue was trituated with diethyl ether (2 x 100 ml) and dried in vacuo affording 15.08 g (100 %) of 2 -(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-6-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro benzo[b] thiophene-3-carboxylic acid as a solid. 15 To a mixture of ethanol (50 ml) and dichloromethane (50 ml) was added 2-(ethoxyoxalyl amino)-6-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-benzo[b] thiophene-3-carboxylic acid (2.0 g, 6.43 mmol) followed by sodium borhydride (124 mg, pellets). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h and an additional sodium borhydride pellet was added. After stirring for an addition 4 h the reaction mixture was quenched by addition of a mixture of water (100 ml) 20 and formic acid (100 ml) at 0 0C. The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 100 ml) and the combined organic phases were washed with brine (100 ml), dried Na 2

SO

4 , filtered and evaporated in vacuo affording 860 mg (43 %) of the title compound as a solid. After standing for 18 h the aqueous phase was filtered and the filter cake was washed with water (2 x 15 ml), diethyl ether (2 x 15 ml) and dried in vacuo affording an additional portion 25 710 mg (48 %) of the title compound as a solid. Calculated for ClH 13

N

1 OsS 1 , 0.5 x H 2 0 C, 47.14 %; H, 5.03 %; N, 5.00 %. Found: C, 47.19 %; H, 5.00 %; N, 4.94 %. 30 The following compound was prepared in a similar way as described in example 81.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 182 EXAMPLE 127 0 OH 0 0I IS 5 2-(Oxalyl-amino)-6-(2'-spirol'.3']dioxolane)-6,7-dihydro-4H-benzo[blthiophen-3-carboxylic M.p.: > 250 0C. Calculated for C 13

H

13

NO

7 S; 10 C, 47.70 %; H, 4.00 %; N, 4.28 %. Found: C, 47.93 %; H, 4.09 %; N, 4.27 %. EXAMPLE 128 0 OH HO S 15 O OH 6-Hydroxy-2-(oxalyl-amino)-4.56.7-tetrahydro-benzoab]thiophen-3-carboxylicacid: 2-(Ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-6-(2'-spiro[1 ',3']dioxolane)-6,7-dihydro-4H-benzo[b]thiophen-3 carboxylic acid ethyl ester (8.7 g, 22.7 mmol) was dissolved in a ice bath cooled mixture of 20 25 % trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane (100 ml) and water (0.5 ml) was added. The re action mixture was stirred at 0 oC for 2 h and at room temperature for 48 h. The volatiles we re evaporated in vacuo and the residue dissolved in ethanol (100 ml) and evaporated in vacuo (2 times). The solid residue was washed with diethyl ether (80 ml) and dried in vacuo at 50 oC affording 6.68 g (88 %) of 2-(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-6-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro 25 benzo[b]thiophene-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester as a solid. To a solution of 2-(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-6-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-benzo[b]thiophene-3 carboxylic acid ethyl ester (2.0 g, 5.89 mmol) in a mixture of dichloromethane (40 ml) and ethanol (40 ml) was added sodium borohydride (64 mg, 1.77 mmol). The reaction mixture WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 183 was stirred at room temperature for 64 h, additional sodium borohydride (22.3 mg, 0.59 mmol) was added and stirring was continued for an additional 18 h. Two more portions of sodium borohydride (23 mg and 15 mg) was added during the next 6 h of stirring. To the re action mixture was added ice cooled saturated ammonium chloride (50 ml) and the resulting 5 mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 50 ml). The combined organic extracts were dried (Na 2

SO

4 ), filtered and evaporated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved twice in ethyl acetate (100 ml) and evaporated in vacuo. The solid residue was washed with diethyl ether (80 ml) and dried in vacuo at 50 oC affording 1.46 g (75 %) of 2-(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-6 hydroxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-benzo[b]thiophene-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester as a solid. 1.35 g 10 of this material was subjected to column chromatography (slilca gel) using a mixture of ethyl acetate and heptane (1:1) as eluent. Pure fractions were collected and the solvent evapora ted in vacuo affording 0.9 g of pure 2-(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-6-hydroxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro benzo[b]thiophene-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester as a solid. 15 1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDCI3) 8 1.42 (m, 6H), 1.86 (m, 2H), 2.02 (m, 1H), 2.71 (dd, 1H), 2.85 (m, 1H), 3.00 (m, 2H), 4.19 (bs, 1H), 4.40 (dq, 4H), 12.45 (bs, 1H, NHCO). To a solution of the above di-ethyl ester (0.3 g, 0.88 mmol) in water (10 ml) was added 1 N sodium hydroxide (3.1 ml, 3.08 mmol). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room 20 temperature for 16 h. The aqueous phase was acidified by addition of concentrated hydro chloric acid to pH = 1 and the reaction mixture was evaporated in vacuo to 1 2 the original volume. The precipitate was filtered off, washed with a small portion of diethyl ether and dried in vacuo at 50 oC for 16 h affording 130 mg (52 %) of the title compound as a solid. M.p.: amorph 25 1 H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 8 1.63 (m, 1H), 1.86 (m, 1H), 2.5 (m, 1H, partly obscured by DMSO), 2.71 (m, 1H), 2.86 (m, 2H), 3.91 (m, 1H), 4.87 (bs, 1H), 12.35 (bs, 1H, NHCO). The following compound was prepared in a similar way as described in example 107. 30 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 184 EXAMPLE 129 HO 0 N N OH OO SO O 00 0 5 5-(2-Methyl-4-oxo-4H-quinazoIin-3-ylmethyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-4.7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2.3 clpyran-3-carboxylic acid; 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 8 12.32 (s, 1H), 8.10 (d, J = 8 Hz, 1H), 7.80 (t, J = 7 Hz, 1H), 10 7.59 (d, J = 8 Hz, 1H), 7.49 (t, J = 7 Hz, 1H), 4.78 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 4.53 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 4.39 (d, J = 15 Hz, 1H), 4.21 (dd, J = 15 Hz, 9Hz, 1H), 4.00 - 3.94 (m, 1H), 3.05 (d, J = 17 Hz, 1H), 2.74 - 2.65 (m, 1H, partially obscured by neighboring singlet), 2.68 (s, 3H). 13C NMR (100.6 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 8 167.7, 162.8, 161.6, 157.6, 156.1,148.3, 146.9, 136.0, 15 130.5, 127.9, 127.8, 126.5, 121.4, 115.0, 74.4, 65.9, 49.8, 31.4, 25.0. [M-H]-: 442.1 HPLC (254.4 nm): 2.631 s, 81 %. 20 EXAMPLE 130 o0 OH 000 00O 2o 25 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 185 7-( 1.3-Dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-4.7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3 c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid: Phthalimidoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal (100 g, 0.38 mol) and 1 N hydrochloric acid (600 ml) was mixture was stirred at reflux temperature for 5 min. or until a homogeneous solution is 5 obtained. The reaction mixture was cooled and the precipitate was filtered off and dried in vacuo at 50 0C for 16 h which afforded 63.3 g (88 %) of phthalimido-acetaldehyde as a solid. 1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 6 4.58 (s, 2H), 7.76 - 7.78(m, 2H), 7.90 - 7.92 (m, 2H), 9.67 (s, 1 H). 10 To a mixture of phthalimidoacetaldehyde (64 g, 0.34 mol) and trans-l-methoxy-3 (trimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-butadiene (81.5 g, 0.38 mol) in benzene (600 ml) stirred for 15 min. under nitrogen was added dropwise a 45 % solution of zinc chloride diethyl ether complex in dichloromethane (55.5 ml, 0.17 mol) at 0 oC. The reaction was allowed warm up to room temperature overnight. To the reaction mixture was added water (500 ml) and the resulting 15 mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (200 ml). The organic extract was washed succes sively with 1.0 N hydrochloric acid (2 x 200 ml) and brine (200 ml). The organic phase was dried (Na 2

SO

4 ), filtered and the solvent evaporated in vacuo which afforded a slowly crystal lising oil (98 g). To the solid was added a mixture of ethyl acetate and diethyl ether (400 ml, 1:1) and the resulting precipitate was filtered off, washed with a small portion of diethyl ether 20 and dried at 50 oC for 1 h affording 59.8 g (69 %) of 2-(4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-2 ylmethyl)-isoindole-1,3-dione as a solid. The filtrate was evaporated in vacuo and the residue purified by column chromatography on silica gel (1 L) using a mixture of ethyl acetate and heptane (1:2) as eluent. Pure fractions were collected and the solvent evaporated in vacuo to almost dryness, the solid was filtered off and dried in vacuo at 50 0C for 16 h affording an 25 additional 15 g (17 %) of 2

-(

4 -oxo- 3

,

4 -dihydro-2H-pyran-2-ylmethyl)-isoindole-1,3-dione as a solid. 1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDCI 3 ) 8 2.61 (d, 2H), 3.85 (dd, 1H), 4.18 (dd, 1H), 4.76 (m, 1H), 5.43 (d, 1H), 7.28 (d, 1H), 7.69 - 7.77 (m, 2H), 7.84 - 7.88 (m, 2H). 30 2-(4-Oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-ylmethyl)-isoindole-1,3-dione (13 g, 0.051 mol) was dis solved in ethyl acetate (250 ml) and placed in a Parr bottle. 10 % Pd/C (1.5 g) was carefully added and the mixture was shaken under a pressure of 30 psi of hydrogen for 6.5 h (Parr apparatus). Filtration followed by evaporation of the ethyl acetate in vacuo afforded a crude 11.5 g of 2-(4-oxo-tetrahydro-pyran-2-ylmethyl)-isoindole-1,3-dione pure enough for the next WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 186 step. Analytical pure compound could be obtained by purification of a small sample (250 mg) by column chromatography on silica gel, utilising hexane/ethyl acetate as a gradient (from 100/0 to 50/50). Pure fractions were collected and the solvent evaporated in vacuo affording 142 mg (55 %) 2

-(

4 -oxo-tetrahydro-pyran-2-ylmethyl)-isoindole-1,3-dione as a solid. 5 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 8 2.30 - 2.68 (m, 4H), 3.62 (m, 1H), 3.74 (m, 1H), 4.00 (m, 2H), 7.75 (m, 2H), 7.88 (m, 2H). To a mixture of 2 -(4-oxo-tetrahydro-pyran-2-ylmethyl)-isoindole-1,3-dione (18.7 g, 0.072 mol), tert-butyl cyanoacetate (11.2 g, 0.079 mol) and elemental sulfur (2.5 g, 0.079 mol) in 10 ethanol was added morpholin (20 ml) and the resulting mixture was stirred at 50 oC for 3 h. The cooled reaction mixture was filtered and the volatiles were evaporated in vacuo. To the residue was added water (200 ml) and diethyl ether 100 ml. A precipitate was filtered off and dried in vacuo at 50 0C affording 9.1 g (30 %) of 2 -amino-5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2 ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. 15 The filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 150 ml) and washed with brine (100 ml), dried (Na 2

SO

4 ), filtered and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The residue (20 g) was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (1 L) using as mixture of hexane and ethyl acetate (1:2) as eluent. Pure fractions were collected and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The resi due was washed with diethyl ether and the solid was filtered off and dried in vacuo at 50 oC 20 affording an additional 2.2 g (7 %) of 2-amino-5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl) 4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. The filtrate was evaporated in vacuo affording almost pure 10.2 g (34 %) of 2-amino-7-(1,3 dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as an oil. 25 2-amino-5-(1,3-dioxo-1, 3 -dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3 carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester 'H NMR (300 MHz, CDC3) 5 1.50 (s, 9H), 2.54 - 2.63 (m, 1H), 2.84 - 2.90 (m, 1H), 3.79 (q, 1H), 3.96 - 4.04 (m, 2H), 4.48 - 4.62 (m, 2H), 5.91 (bs, 2H, NH 2 ), 7.70 (m, 2H), 7.84 (m, 2H). 30 2-amino-7-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yimethyl)-4, 7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2, 3-c]pyran-3 carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester 'H NMR (300 MHz, CDC3) 5 1.50 (s, 9H), 2.71 - 2.90 (m, 2H), 3.67 - 3.77 (m, 2H), 4.02 4.15 (m, 2H), 4.90 (m, 1H), 6.04 (bs, 2H, NH 2 ), 7.70 (m, 2H), 7.84 (m, 2H).

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 187 A mixture of 2-amino-7-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (10.2 g, 0.25 mol), imidazol-1 -yl-oxo 5 acetic acid tert-butyl ester (7.2 g, 0.037 mol) in dry tetrahydrofuran (150 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 4 h. An additional portion of imidazol-1-yl-oxo-acetic acid tert-butyl ester (2.0 g, 0.01 mol) was added and the resulting mixture was stirred for 16 h at room temperature. The precipitate was filtered off and washed with small portions of diethyl ether and dried in vacuo affording 3.5 g (26 %) of 2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-7-(1,3-dioxo-1,3 10 dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. The filtrate was evaporated in vacuo and to the residue was added water (100 ml) and ethyl acetate (100 ml). The precipitate was filtered off and dried in vacuo at 50 oC affording an ad ditional 0.8 g (6 %) of 2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-7-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2 15 ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. 'H NMR (300 MHz, CDC1 3 ) 6 1.60 (s, 9H), 1.62 (s, 9H), 2.79 - 2.97 (m, 2H), 3.73 (m, 1H), 3.83 3.88 (dd, 1H), 4.07 -4.16 (m, 2H), 5.09 (m, 1H), 7.71 (m, 2H), 7.85 (m, 2H), 12.55 (bs, 1H, NHCO). 20 The above 2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-7-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7 dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (0.8 g, 1.47 mmol) was added to a solution of 25 % trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane (30 ml). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6 h, at which time, the solvent was removed in vacuo. The residue was precipitated by addition of diethyl ether, filtered off and dried in 25 vacuo at 50 0C affording 0.5 g (79 %) of the title compound as a solid. M.p.: > 250 C. Calculated for C, 9 H1 4

N

2 0 8 S, 0.5 x H 2 0; C, 51.94 %; H, 3.44 %; N, 6.38 %. Found: 30 C, 52.02 %; H, 3.37 %; N, 6.48 %.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 188 EXAMPLE 131 0 OH oo 0 1 0H o s 0 O OH 7-(Acetylamino-methyl)-2-(oxalyl-amino)-4.7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2.3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic 5 2Ld To a mixture of 2-amino-7-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (6.0 g, 0.014 mol) in ethanol (100 ml) was added hydrazine hydrate (1.4 ml, 0.028 mol). The reaction mixture was heated at reflux 10 for 1 h, cooled and the precipitate filtered off. The filtrate was evaporated in vacuo and to the residue was added water (100 ml) and the resulting mixture was extracted with diethyl ether (2 x 100 ml). The combined organic extracts were washed with brine (100 ml), dried (Na 2

SO

4 ), filtered and the solvent evaporated in vacuo affording 2.9 g (71 %) of 2-amino-7 aminomethyl-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as an oil. 15 1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 6 1.55 (s, 9H), 2.70 - 2.97 (m, 4H), 3.69 - 3.78 (m, 1H), 4.13 (m, 1H), 4.50 (m, 1H), 6.09 (bs, 2H, thiophen-NH 2 ). To a ice water cooled solution of the above 2 -amino-7-aminomethyl-4,7-dihydro-5H thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (1.5 g, 5.27 mmol) and triethylamine (1.5 20 ml) in dichloromethane (50 ml) was added dropwise acetylchloride (0.46 g, 5.80 mmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to reach room temperature and stirred for an additional 0.5 h. The reaction mixture was washed with water (2 x 25 ml), dried (Na 2

SO

4 ), filtered and the sol vent evaporated in vacuo. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silicagel (1 L) using first ethyl acetate and later on a mixture of ethyl acetate and ethanol (20:1) as 25 eluents. Pure fractions were collected and the solvent evaporated in vacuo affording 0.3 g (17 %) of 7-(acetylamino-methyl)-2-amino-4, 7 -dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tedrt-butyl ester as a solid. 1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDC3) 8 1.56 (s, 9H), 1.99 (s, 3H), 2.77 (m, 2H), 3.19 (m, 1H), 3.67 3.79 (m, 2H), 4.09 -4.16 (m, 1H), 4.63 (m, 1H), 5.91 (bs, 1H), 6.10 (bs, 2H). 30 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 189 To a mixture of the above 7-(acetylamino-methyl)-2-amino-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3 c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (0.3 g, 0.92 mmol) in dry tetrahydrofuran (40 ml) was added dropwise a mixture of imidazol-1-yl-oxo-acetic acid tert-butyl ester (0.22 g, 1.10 mmol) in dry tetrahydrofuran (5 ml). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. 5 The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (100 ml) and washed with water (50 ml) and brine (50 ml). The organic phase was dried (Na 2

SO

4 ), filtered and evaporated in vacuo. The residue (0.4 g) was stirred with a mixture of diisopropyl ether (5 ml) and diethyl ether (5 ml). The precipitate was filtered off and the filtrate evapo rated in vacuo affording 0.25 g (60 %) of 7-(acetylamino-methyl)-2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino) 10 4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as an oil. 1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 8 1.64 (s, 9H), 1.65 (s, 9H), 2.02 (s, 3H), 2.87 (m, 2H), 3.29 (m, 1H), 3.74 (m, 1H), 3.89 (ddd, 1H), 4.18 (m, 1H), 4.78 (m, 1H), 5.93 (bs, 1H, NHCOMe), 12.5 (s, 1H, NHCOCOOH). 15 The above 7 -(acetylamino-methyl)-2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3 c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (0.2 g, 0.44 mmol) was added to a solution of 25 % trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane (20 ml). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 h, at which time, the solvent was removed in vacuo. The residue was pre cipitated by addition of diethyl ether, filtered off and dried in vacuo at 50 oC affording 0.11 g 20 (73 %) of the title compound as a solid. M.p.: 220 - 222 'C. 1 H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) 8 1.87 (s, 3H), 2.82 (bs, 2H), 3.19 (m, 1H), 3.51 (m, 1H), 3.67 (m, 1H), 4.07 (m, 1H), 4.69 (m, 1H), 8.14 (t, 1H, NHCOMe), 12.3 (s, 1H, NHCOCOOH). 25 30 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 190 EXAMPLE 132 0 0 0 0 Fmoc-C, 0 0 0N NH 2 NaHCO 3 N 20 % TFA 0 S 0 S fmoc CH 2

CI

2

H

2 0/CH 2 CI 2 Resin a OH 0 0 Oi~~ N O mo Wang Resin-OMs, NNH 2 H 00 1 'fmoc Cs 2 CO NMP / 0 S THF Resin Resin O0 0 80 different N- H 2

NNH

2 HN 0 R OH j o 0 S 0 CH 2 CI, 0 - 00 EDCL, HOBT, 0 0 TEA, DMVF O Resin 0~ 0 R O 0 0 o 0 0N o RR /0 + Res2) 20 % TFA S Resin in CH2CI 2 O OH R ON H 2__ 0 S\ NH 2 5 To 2-amino-5-(1,3-dioxo-1 , 3 -dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran 3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (4.5 g, 0.011 mole) dissolved in dichloromethane (30 ml), was added sodium bicarbonate (1.0 g, 0.011 mole) dissolved in water (16 ml). The reaction mixture was cooled to 0 'C and 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (3.0 g, 0.012 mole) was 10 added. After stirring for 5 minutes the reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature and stirred vigorously for 16 h. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine (10 ml). The aqueous phase was extracted with dichloromethane (2 x 20 ml) and the combined organic phases were dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and evaporated in vacuo to give an orange solid which was purified by flash chromatography using dichloromethane as eluent. Pure fractions WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 191 were collected and evaporated in vacuo affording 5.6 g (81 %) of 5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-2-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)-4, 7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2, 3 c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI 3 ) 6 10.60 (bs, 1H), 7.87 - 7.84 (m, 2H), 7.75 (d, J = 8 Hz, 2H), 7.73 5 - 7.70 (m, 2H), 7.60 (d, J = 8 Hz, 2H), 7.39 (t, J = 8 Hz, 2H), 7.30 (t, J = 8 Hz, 2H), 4.74 (d, J = 14 Hz, 1H), 4.62 (d, J = 14 Hz, 1H), 4.48 (d, J = 7 Hz, 2H), 4.27 (t, J = 7 Hz, 1H), 4.05 4.00 (m, 2H), 3.86 - 3.80 (m, 1H), 2.92 (d, J = 17 Hz, 1H), 2.64 (dd, J = 17, 9 Hz, 1H), 1.52 (s, 9H). 10 LC/MS [M+H]*: 637.49 The above F-moc protected thieno[2,3-c]pyran (5.5 g, 8.6 mmole) was added at 0 oC to a solution of 20 % trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane (30 ml). The reaction was stirred for 15 4 h at room temperature. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the residue was pre cipitated with diethyl ether, filtered off and dried, which afforded 4.2 g (85 %) of 5-(1,3-dioxo 1, 3 -dihydro-isoindol- 2 -ylmethyl)-2-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxy-carbonylamino)-4,7-dihydro-5H thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 8 10.22 (br s, 1H), 7.88 (d , J = 5 Hz, 2H), 7.88 - 7.82 (m, 20 4H), 7.66 (d, J = 5 Hz, 2H), 7.40 (t, J = 5 Hz, 2H), 7.32 (t, J = 5 Hz, 2H), 4.68 - 4.48 (m, 4H), 4.34 (t, J = 5 Hz, 1H), 3.90 - 3.81 (m, 2H), 3.72 - 3.67 (m, 1H), 2.87 (m, 1H), 2.51 (m, 1H). To Wang-Resin (3.75 g, 4.5 mmol) was added dichloromethane (50 ml) and the mixture was 25 cooled to 0 oC under nitrogen. Diisopropylethylamine (25 ml) was added followed by methanesulfonyl chloride (2.25 ml, 29 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 0 oC for 0.5 h, then at room temperature for another 0.5 h. The resin was filtered off and washed with di chloromethane (2 x 30 ml), N-methylpyrrolidinone (20 ml) and again with dichloromethane (2 x 30 ml). The Wang-resin methansulfonyl ester was dried in vacuo for 2 h and used directly 30 in the next step. To the above Wang-Resin methansulfonyl ester and 5-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2 ylmethyl)-2-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxy-carbonylamino)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3 carboxylic acid (4.85 g, 8.4 mmol) was added N-methylpyrrolidinone (45 ml). Cesium car- WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 192 bonate (2.2 g, 6.7 mmol) was added and the reaction stirred under nitrogen for 16 h and then at 80 oC for 36 h. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, the resin filtered off, washed with water, methanol, and dichloromethane repeatedly and dried in vacuo for 2 h affording 5-(1,3-dioxo-1, 3 -dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-2-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxy 5 carbonylamino)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid Wang-Resin ester. The above Wang-Resin ester (4.85 g) was stirred in a solution of 20 % piperidine in tetrahy drofuran (20 ml) for 45 minutes. The resin was then filtered off, washed with tetrahydrofuran (2 x 20 ml), methanol (2 x 20 ml), and dichloromethane (3 x 20 ml) and dried in vacuo for 3 h 10 affording 2-amino-5-(1,3-dioxo-1, 3 -dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2, 3 c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid Wang-Resin ester. The above Wang-Resin ester (4.85 g) was suspended in a mixture of dichloromethane (50 ml) and triethylamine (3.0 ml). Imidazol-1-yl-oxo-acetic acid tert-butyl ester (4.2 g, 0.021 mol) 15 was added under nitrogen and the reaction stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The resin was filtered off, washed with methanol (30 ml) then dichloromethane (30 ml) and this proc ess was repeated twice. The resin was dried in vacuo for several hours affording 2-(tert butoxyoxalyl-amino)-5-(1,3-dioxo-1, 3 -dihydro-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3 c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid Wang Resin. 20 A small sample of the above Wang-Resin ester was treated with 20 % trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane (3 ml) for 1 h. The resin was filtered off and the filtrate concentrated in vacuo. The residue was evaporated twice from dichloromethane yielding 30 mg of a solid, which had 1 H NMR and MS consistent with the compound synthesized in example 106. The 25 loading of the Wang-Resin was thus determined to be 0.6 mmol/g. The above Wang Resin ester (3.0 g, 1.8 mmol) was suspended in dichloromethane (25 ml). Hydrazine (0.14 ml, 4.5 mmol) was added and the reaction stirred under nitrogen at room temperature for 24 hours. The resin was filtered off and washed multiple times, alternating 30 between methanol and dichloromethane. The filtrate was collected and concentrated to yield 260 mg of a solid. The reaction was determined to be incomplete by analysis of the byprod uct, at which time the resin was suspended again in dichloromethane (15 ml) and treated with hydrazine (50 pI) for an additional 16 h. The resin was filtered off and washed as before, yielding an additional 30 mg of byproduct from the filtrate. At this point the reaction was WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 193 judged to be complete and the resin was dried in vacuo for 3 h, yielding 2.67 g of 5 aminomethyl-2-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2, 3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid Wang-Resin. The resin gave a positive ninhydrin test for amines. 5 The above Wang Resin ester (2.67 g) was suspended in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran and dichloromethane (1:1, 90 ml) and distributed to the OntoBlock (80 wells, 0.02 mmol per well). The blocks were drained. Meanwhile, 80 carboxylic acids were weighed into individual vials (0.044 mmol per vial). A solution of 1-( 3 -Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydro chloride (0.85 g, 4.4 mmol), 1-hydroxy-benzotriazole hydrate (0.6 g, 4.4 mmol), and triethy 10 lamine (1.1 ml, 8.0 mmol) was prepared in N,N-dimethylformamide (100 ml). This solution was added to each vial (1 ml per vial) and then the contents of each vial were transferred to a well of the OntoBlock (occasionally the vials were sonicated to achieve full solubility). The blocks were then shooked for 2 days. After this time the blocks were drained and washed using methanol and dichloromethane. The blocks were then placed in a vacuum dessicator 15 for 2 h, after which 1 ml of a solution of imidazol-1-yl-oxo-acetic acid tert-butyl ester (0.2 M in dichloromethane) was added to each well. The blocks were then shooked for 16 h. Again the blocks were washed using the above method. After washing, 1 ml of a solution of 20 % trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane was added to each well and allowed to sit for 45 min utes. The block was drained and the filtrates collected in a microtiter plate. The wells were 20 treated with an additional 0.5 ml solution of 20 % trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane and the filtrate again collected. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo, yielding 80 compounds as solids in the microtiter plate. The plate was analyzed by Mass Spectrometry in which 66 of the wells showed the expected product as the molecular ion. 25

X

1 is point of attachment. The percentage means the area of the peak of the HPLC at 220 nm. R Formula Mw LC/MS 0 ' C 24

H

20 oN 2 0 8 S 496,50 495 (M-H,21%) xl HaCO

O

2 0 2

N

2 0 9 S 464,45 463 (M-H,30%) ~C20H20N209S 464,45 463 (M-H,30%) WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 194 F F F F C20H14F6N207S 540,40 539 (M-H,16%) F-F F C18H22N207S 410,45 409 (M-H,33%) cH N, 0 C20H21N307S 447,47 446 (M-H,39%) x0 o x C20H19N308S 461,45 460 (M-H,38%) C18H20N207S 408,43 407 (M-H,40%) xl CIA 019H18N208S 434,43 433 (M-H,49%) HVaCN'CH C20H21N307S 447,47 446 (M-H,38%) xS C24H20N208S 496,50 495 (M-H,47%) o __C20H18N209S 462,44 444 (M-H 2 0) xl HCi C15H16N207S 368,37 367 (M-H,33%) xl x C21H20N208S 460,47 459 (M-H,31%) o C4 K, C17H20N208S 412,42 411 (M-H,30%) ix WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 195 S C17H16N207S2 424,45 423 (M-H,16%) x, H xi C20H17N307S 443,44 557 (M+TFA, 36%) Xl C20H17N307S 443,44 442 (M-H,37%) H x N C20H17N307S 443,44 425 (M-H 2 0,23%) H C19H17N307S 431,43 430 (M-H,48%) 0 x' C21H18N208S 458,45 414 (M-CO 2 ,24%) // C26H24N209S 540,55 539 (M-H,17%) 0 aC21H16N209S 472,43 471 (M-H,35%) H N 0 C27H23N308S 549,56 663 (M+TFA,36%) s C18H16N207S2 436,47 437 (M+H,45%) - ~ xl ' x/C20H20N207S 432,46 431 (M-H,20%) o C16H14N208S 394,36 393 (M-H,43%) xl WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 196 C22H18N207S 454,46 453 (M-H,42%) Opx /C19H18N208S 434,43 433 (M-H,22%) - C19H18N207S 418,43 417 (M-H,28%) Ox 10 O C21H22N209S 478,48 477 (M-H,25%) o xi C21H22N208S 462,48 461 (M-H,33%) C20H18N207S 430,44 429 (M-H,57%) -o \ x C22H22N209S 490,49 446 (M-CO 2 ,42%) 0 H N

X

1 0- C16H17N308S 411,39 410 (M-H,14%) 0 ' C16H14N208S 394,36 393 (M-H, 39%) X 0s C16H14N207S2 410,43 409 (M-H,51%) x, 0 N C21H17N309S 487,45 486 (M-H,17%) o0 N X C16H14N407S 406,38 405 (M-H,17%) NC, N C17H15N308S 421,39 420 (M-H,18%) x, WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 197 N X, C17H15N307S 405,39 404 (M-H,43%) C17H15N307S 405,39 404 (M-H,41%) F- F F C21H16F6N207S 554,43 553 (M-H,18%) O FF 0 S \\ 0 C20H20N209S2 496,52 495 (M-H,51%) F C20H16F2N207S 466,42 465 (M-H,43%) F 0') C16H16N208S 396,38 510 (M+TFA,21%)

CH

3 0

N

- / - X , C22H19N309S 501,48 500 (M-H,23%) 0 o xi C18H22N208S 426,45 425 (M-H,24%) CH'3 SC21H23N307S 461,50 460 (M-H,23%) o C19H16N209S 448,41 447 (M-H,42%) x X.HN o C22H23N308S 489,51 488 (M-H,33%) o C20H18N209S 462,44 418 (M-C0 2 ,27%) WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 198 0 oC20H18N208S 446,44 445 (M-H,16%) xi NH C20H19N308S 461,45 460 (M-H,21%) 0 o O CH C16H18N208S 398,39 380 (M-H 2 0,25%) X, o C18H16N208S 420,40 421 (M+H,39%) 0 N C15H17N308S 399,38 398 (M-H,19%) H C19H18N207S2 450,49 449 (M-H,23%) C20H20N207S2 464,52 463 (M-H,31%) xi 0 o C21H17N308S 471,45 470 (M-H,32%) N H 0 X, C22H19N308S 485,48 No hit H ON o C20H17N3010S 491,44 No hit x l 0 1 1 N Xl o C22H21N308S 487,49 486 (M-H,17%) H N lCH, C18H21N308S 439,45 438 (M-H,30%) o WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 199 S N C25H21N509S 567,54 566 (M-H,32%) K/ x, N H HCc O S C23H22N2010S 518,50 519 (M+H,15%) H SN x SN C21H20N407S 472,48 471 (M-H,41%) ONO -. C23H21N309S 515,50 514 (M-H,45%) xi OH N C16H19N308S 413,41 412 (M-H,26%) 0 S NH C18H23N308S2 473,53 472 (M-H,31%)

X

1 Co H, C C25H25N309S 543,56 542 (M-H,20%)

CH

s > 0 21xl 0 C18H23N308S 441,46 440 (M-H,28%) C28H23N309S 577,57 576 (M-H,17%) o x oa C18H16N208S 420,40 419 (M-H,34%) C22H22N207S 458,49 457 (M-H,22%) XC26H18N209S 534,51 No hit 'oC26H18N209S 534,51 No hit x, WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 200 C23H20N208S 484,49 No hit Y C21H16N209S 472,43 471 (M-H,30%) x, 0 OC21H18N208S 458,45 457 (M-H,27%) x N CH, C22H19N309S 501,48 500 (M-H,30%) oX, EXAMPLE 133 HO S O- Na* \~ 0 0 5 3-(OxalyIl-amino)-thieno[2. 3-blpyridine-2-carboxylic acid, mono sodium salt: To a stirred solution of 3-amino-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid 10 methyl ester (1.0 g, 4.8 mmol), triethylamine (1.0 ml, 7.20 mmol) in dry tetrahydrofuran (50 ml) at 0 oC was added dropwise a solution of ethyl oxalyl chloride (0.8 g, 5.76 mmol) in dry tetrahydrofuran (5 ml). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. pored into ice water (200 ml). The precipitate was filtered off and dried in vacuo at 50 oC which afforded 0.9 g (61 %) of 3 -(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid 15 methyl ester as a solid. The a solution of the above thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (0.5 g, 1.62 mmol) in ethanol (20 ml) was added a solution of sodium hydroxide (0.2 g, 4.87 mmol) in water (10 ml). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 h., 20 acidified to pH = 4 by addition of 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid the precipitate was filtered off WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 201 and washed with water (2 x 50 ml), diethyl ether (2 x 30 ml) and dried in vacuo at 50 oC af fording 130 mg (30 %) of the title compound as a solid. M.p.: > 250 oC 5 Calculated for Co 10 HsN 2 OsS 1 Naj, 1 x H 2 0; C, 39.22 %; H, 2.30 %; N, 9.15 %. Found: C, 39.32 %; H, 2.35 %; N, 8.89 %. 10 EXAMPLE 134 HO 0 S OH N N O O 7-(Oxalyi-amino)-thieno[2.3-b]pyrazine-6-carboxylic acid; 15 To a solution of 6-amino-thieno[2,3-b]pyrazine-7-carboxylic acid methyl ester (62.7 mg, 0.3 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (0.5 ml) was added imidazol-1-yl-oxo-acetic acid tert-butyl ester (117.6 mg, 0.6 mmol) and triethylamine (42 l, 0.3 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred for 20 h at room temperature. The volatiles were removed in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (5.0 ml), 20 washed with 1 % hydrochloric acid (2 x 2 ml), water (2 x 2 ml), dried (MgSO 4 ), filtered and the solvent evaporated in vacuo affording 96 mg (95 %) of 6-(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino) thieno[2,3-b]pyrazine-7-carboxylic acid methyl ester as a solid. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) 8 1.60 (s, 9H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 8.60 (d, 1H, J = 1.5 Hz), 8.70 (d, 1H, J = 1.5 Hz). 25 To a solution of the above 6 -(tert-butoxyoxalyl-amino)-thieno[2,3-b]pyrazine-7-carboxylic acid methyl ester (37.8 mg, 0.112 mmol) in dioxane (1.2 ml) was added lithium hydroxide (45 mg) and water (0.6 ml) and the mixture was stirred for 20 h at room temperature. The vola tiles were evaporated in vacuo and the residue dissolved in ethyl acetate (30 ml), washed 30 with 1.0 N hydrochloric acid (3 x 3 ml), water (3 x 3 ml), dried (Na 2

SO

4 ), filtered and the sol vent evaporated in vacuo affording 20 mg (67 %) of the title compound as a solid.

WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 202 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) 6 8.64 (d, 1H, J = 1.5 Hz), 8.66 (1H, d, J = 1.5 Hz). MS m/z 150.0 (M-117) loose of COOH and COCOOH. EXAMPLE 135 5 O OH CO 01S o OH 5-(Oxalyl-amino)-2.3-dihydro-thieno[2.3-b]furan-4-carboxylic acid: To a solution of dihydro-furan-3-one (11.5 g, 0.134 mol, prepared as described in Org. Syn. 10 Coll. Vol. 5, 866) in ethanol (200 ml) was added ethyl cyanoacetate (16.6 g, 0.147 mol), sul fur (4.7 g, 0.147 mol) and morpholine (15 ml). The moderate exothermic reaction was stirred at 45 oC for 1 h. The reaction mixture was cooled, filtered and the filtrate evaporated in vacuo. The resultant oil was dissolved in ethyl acetate (400 ml), washed with water (2 x 100 ml), brine (100 ml) and dried (Na 2

SO

4 ). The solvent was evaporated in vacuo and the resi 15 due (28 g) was subjected to flash column chromatography (1 I silicagel) using ethyl ace tate/hexanes (1:1) as eluent. Semi-pure fractions were collected affording after evaporation in vacuo crude 8.4 g of 5-amino-2,3-dihydro-thieno[2,3-b]furan-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester as an oil. 20 To the above 5-amino-2,3-dihydro-thieno[2,3-b]furan-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (8.4 g, 0.039 mol) dissolved in dry tetrahydrofuran (150 ml), was added triethylamine (10 ml) and a mixture of ethyl oxalyl chloride (4.9 g, 0.043 mol) in dry tetrahydrofuran (25 ml) was added dropwise at 0 0C under nitrogen. The reaction mixture was allowed to stir at room tempera ture for 18 hours. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo and the residue dissolved in ethyl 25 acetate (400 ml). The organic phase was washed with water (200 ml), brine (100 ml), dried (Na 2

SO

4 ), filtered and the organic phase evaporated in vacuo. The residue was filtered through a path of silicagel using a mixture of ethyl acetate and heptane (1:1) as eluent. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo and the residue was subjected to flash column chromatog raphy (1 1 silicagel) using ethyl acetate/hexanes (1:2) as eluent. Pure fractions were collected 30 affording after evaporation in vacuo and washing of the residue with diethyl ether 0.5 g (1.2 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 203 %) of 5-(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-2,3-dihydro-thieno[2,3-b]furan-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester as an oil. To a solution of the above 5-(ethoxyoxalyl-amino)-2,3-dihydro-thieno[2,3-b]furan-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (0.4 g, 1.2 mmol) in a mixture of ethanol (10 ml) and water (25 ml) was 5 added a solution of 1 N sodium hydroxide (3.8 ml, 3.8 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 20 h at room temperature. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (50 ml) and washed with ethyl acetate (50 ml). The aqueous phase was acidified with 1 N hydrochloric acid to pH = 2. The precipitate was filtered off and washed with water, dried in vacuo at 50 OC affording 0.2 g of 5-(oxalyl-amino)-2,3-dihydro-thieno[2,3-b]furan-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester according to 10 NMR. The mono-ester was dissolved in a mixture of water (40 ml) and ethanol (10 ml) and to this mixture was added 1 N sodium hydroxide (3 ml, 3 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 20 h at room temperature. The mixture was acidified with 1 N hydrochloric acid to pH = 2 and the precipitate was filtered off, washed with water and dried in vacuo at 50 oC affording 150 mg (46 %) of the title compound as a solid. 15 M.p.: > 250 oC. 1 H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) 6 3.12 (t, 2H), 4.89 (t, 2H), 12.0 (bs, 1H, NHCO).

Claims (101)

1. A compound that fulfills all of the following 3 criteria: 5 (1) has a structure represented by Formula I: R'N R4 0 0 R2 Formula I 10 where R, R 2 and R 4 are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups; (2) acts as a phosphotyrosine recognition unit ligand, preferably an inhibitor or modulator of one or more PTPases or proteins that contain SH2 domains; and 15 (3) has a molecular weight below or equal to 2500 daltons

2. A compound according to claim 1 which has a structure represented by Formula II R' N-R 4 0 0 OR 1 20 Formula II where R, Rjand R 4 are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups, and R, pref erably is H. 25

3. A compound that fulfills all of the following 3 criteria: WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 205 (1) has a structure represented by Formula III: Rs, R 1 R 5 R 1 R 3 N R4 or R 3 N R4 R 2 0C 0 0 R2 5 Formula III where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and Rs are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups, and R 3 and Rs may be covalently linked to each other; 10 (2) acts as a phosphotyrosine recognition unit ligand, preferably an inhibitor or modulator of one or more PTPases or proteins that contain SH2 domains; and (3) has a molecular weight below or equal to 2500 daltons. 15

4. A compound according to claim 3 which has a structure represented by Formula IV Rs 5 ( R1 R3 N 0 Y10 OR Formula IV 20 where R 1 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups, and R 3 and R 5 may be covalently linked to each other, and R preferably is H.

5. A compound according to claim 4 which has a structure represented by Formula V WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 206 O Rs COR 1 Rs 5 R R 3 NR-4 or R 3 N R4 0 O O O OR OR Formula V 5 where R 1 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups, and R 3 and R 5 may be covalently linked to each other, and R is preferably H.

6. A compound according to claim 5 which has a structure represented by Formula VI Rs COOH R3 N -- 1R4 0 0 O~O OR 10 Formula VI where R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups, and R 3 and Rs may be covalently linked to each other, and R is preferably H. 15

7. A compound according to claim 3, which has a structure represented by Formula VII R1 RR 1 A 1 N or A N R >-COR 2 N R 2 0 00 Formula VII 20 where A together with the double bond in formula VII represents any aryl as defined above, and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups. WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 207

8. A compound according to claim 7, which has a structure represented by Formula VIII R I 4 ARN O-R R 00 Formula VIII 5 where A together with the double bond in formula VIII represents any aryl as defined above, and R, R 1 , R 3 and R 4 are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups, and R preferably is H. 10

9. A compound according to claim 7 which has a structure represented by Formula IX COOR 1 R A N R >-COR 2 0 Formula IX 15 where A together with the double bond in formula IX represents any aryl as defined above, and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups.

10. A compound according to claim 9 which has a structure represented by Formula X 20 COOH R A N R >-COR 2 3 0 Formula X where A together with the double bond in formula X represents any aryl as defined above, 25 and R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups. WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 208

11. A compound according to claim 10 which has a structure represented by Formula XI COOR A N 0O-R 3 00 Formula XI 5 where A together with the double bond in formula XI represents any aryl as defined above, and R, R 3 and R 4 are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups, and R prefera bly is H. 10

12. A compound according to claim 3 which has a structure represented by Formula XII1 R1 R4 O R3 0 R R2 0 Formula XII where R, is a chemical group capable of being a proton donor and/or a proton acceptor, 15 preferably -COOH, 5-tetrazolyl, -NH 2 , -CONH 2 , and R, R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are any chemical group or combination of chemical groups.

13. A compound according to any one of the preceding claims which substantially acts as a classical, competitive inhibitor of one or more PTPases. 20

14. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 12 which substantially acts as a mixed type inhibitor of one or more PTPases.

15. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 14 which substantially acts as an inhibi 25 tor of one or more PTPases involved in regulation of tyrosine kinase signalling pathways.

16. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 14 which substantially inhibits or modu lates receptor-tyrosine kinase signalling pathways via interaction with one or more regulatory PTPases, preferably the signalling pathways of the insulin receptor, the IGF-I receptor and/or 30 other members of the insulin receptor family, the EGF-receptor family, the platelet-derived WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 209 growth factor receptor family, the nerve growth factor receptor family, the hepatocyte growth factor receptor family, the growth hormone receptor family and/or members of other receptor type tyrosine kinase families. 5

17. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 14 which substantially inhibits or modu lates non-receptor tyrosine kinase signalling through modulation of one or more regulatory PTPases, preferably modulation of members of the Src kinase family or other intracellular kinases. 10

18. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 14 which substantially inhibits or modu lates the activity of one or more PTPases that negatively regulate signal transduction path ways.

19. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 14 which inhibits or modulates the activ 15 ity of one or more PTPases that positively regulate signal transduction pathways, preferably CD45.

20. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 14 which inhibits or modulates the activ ity of one or more PTPases that positively regulate signal transduction pathways in immune 20 cells.

21. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 14 which inhibits or modulates the ac tivity of one or more PTPases that negatively regulate signal transduction pathway. 25

22. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 14 which inhibits one or more PTPases via binding to the active site of said PTPase(s) or to other sites that negatively influences the binding of substrate to said PTPase(s), an allosteric modulator.

23. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 14 which modulates the activity of one 30 or more PTPases via interaction with structures positioned outside of the active sites of the en zymes, preferably SH2 domains. WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 210

24. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 14 which modulates the signal transduc tion pathways via binding of the compounds of the invention to SH2 domains or PTB domains of non-PTPase signalling molecules. 5

25. A compound according to any of the preceding claims characterized by being a selective PTPase inhibitor or a compound that is a selective phosphotyrosine recognition unit ligand.

26. A compound according to any of claims 1 to 24 characterized by being a non-selective PTPase inhibitor. 10

27. A compound according to claim 26 characterized by being an inhibitor or modulator of at least 4 PTPases or 4 PTPase families.

28. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for a PTPase not de 15 scribed herein.

29. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for a PTPase listed in Table 1. 20

30. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for the PTPa family.

31. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTP. 25

32. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTPs.

33. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for CD45.

34. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTP3 family. 30

35. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTP3.

36. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTP-DEP1. WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 211

37. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTP-LAR family. 5

38. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTP-LAR.

39. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTPo.

40. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTPS. 10

41. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTPI family.

42. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTPyt. 15

43. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTPK.

44. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTP1B family.

45. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTP1B. 20

46. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for TC-PTP.

47. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for SHP-PTP family. 25

48. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for SHP-1.

49. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for SHP-2. 30

50. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTP family.

51. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTP4. WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 212

52. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTPy.

53. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTP-PEST family. 5

54. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTPH1 family.

55. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTPH1. 10

56. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTPD1.

57. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTPD2.

58. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTPMEG1. 15

59. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for IA-2 family.

60. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for IA-2. 20

61. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for IA-23.

62. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTPY family.

63. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTPY. 25

64. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTPp.

65. A compound according to claim 25 characterized by being selective for PTP). 30

66. A compound according to any one of the preceding claims having a molecular weight of less than 1000 Daltons, and preferably of more than 100 Daltons. WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 213

67. A compound according to any one of the preceding claims having a K i value of less than 200 ,M against one or more PTPases.

68. A compound according to any one of the preceding claims having a K i value of less than 5 2 pM against one or more PTPases.

69. A compound according to any one of the preceding claims having a K i value of less than 100 nM against one or more PTPases. 10

70. A compound according to any one of the preceding claims having a IC5o value of less than 200 M against one or more molecules with phosphotyrosine recognition unit(s).

71. A compound according to any one of the preceding claims having a IC50 value of less than 2 M against one or more molecules with phosphotyrosine recognition unit(s). 15

72. A compound according to any one of the preceding claims having a IC5o value of less than 100 nM against one or more molecules with phosphotyrosine recognition unit(s).

73. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 66 having a K i value of < 2 IM against 20 one or two PTPases or PTPase families and a K i value of > 50 pM against at least two other PTPases or PTPase families.

74. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 66 having a K value of < 100 nM against one or two PTPases or PTPase families and a K i value of > 10 jM against at least two other 25 PTPases or PTPase families.

75. The use of a compound according to any one of the preceding claims for preparing a me dicament for modulating the activity of one or more PTPases or other molecules with phos photyrosine recognition unit(s). 30 WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 214

76. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 74 for preparing a me dicament for managing, treating or preventing type I diabetes, type II diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, obesity, immune dysfunctions including autoimmu nity and AIDS, diseases with dysfunctions of the coagulation system, allergic diseases, 5 osteoporosis, proliferative disorders including cancer and psoriasis, diseases with de creased or increased synthesis or effects of growth hormone, diseases with decreased or increased synthesis of hormones or cytokines that regulate the release of/or response to growth hormone, diseases of the brain including Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia, and infectious diseases. 10

77. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 74 for preparing a me dicament for managing, treating or preventing type I diabetes, type II diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and/or obesity. 15

78. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 74 for preparing a me dicament for managing, treating or preventing conditions with immune dysfunctions, in cluding autoimmunity such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus.

79. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 74 for preparing a me 20 dicament for use as an immunosuppressant.

80. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 74 for preparing a me dicament for managing or treating conditions with immune dysfunctions including AIDS. 25

81. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 74 for preparing a me dicament for managing, treating or preventing allergic diseases, including asthma and al lergic skin diseases.

82. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 74 for preparing a me 30 dicament for managing, treating or preventing proliferative disorders, including cancer.

83. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 74 for preparing a me dicament for managing, treating or preventing osteoporosis. WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 215

84. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 74 for preparing a me dicament for managing, treating or preventing psoriasis.

85. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 74 for preparing a me 5 dicament for managing, treating or preventing diseases with decreased or increased syn thesis or effects of growth hormone, diseases with decreased or increased synthesis of hormones or cytokines that regulate the release of/or response to growth hormone.

86. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 74 for preparing a me 10 dicament for managing, treating or preventing diseases with dysfunctions of the coagula tion system.

87. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 74 for preparing a me dicament for managing, treating or preventing diseases of the brain including Alzheimer's 15 disease and schizophrenia.

88. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 74 for preparing a me dicament for managing, treating or preventing infectious diseases. 20

89. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of a compound ac cording to any one of claims 1 to 74 together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.

90. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 89 comprising between 0.5 mg 25 and 1000 mg of a compound according to any one of the claims 1 to 74 per unit dose.

91. A method of modulating the activity of one or more PTPases or other molecules with phosphotyrosine recognition unit(s) in a subject in need of such management comprising administering to said subject an effective amount of a compound or composition according 30 to any one of claims 1 to 74.

92. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 74 coupled to a suitable solid-phase matrix. WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 216

93. A method for isolating a protein or a glycoprotein with affinity for a compound accord ing to any one of claims 1 to 74 from a biological sample, comprising: * contacting an immobilized compound according to claim 89 with said biological sample in order for said immobilized compound to form a complex by binding said protein or 5 glycoprotein, * removing unbound material from said biological sample and isolating said complex, and * extracting said protein or glycoprotein from said complex.

94. A method for isolating a protein-tyrosine phosphatase with affinity for a compound ac 10 cording to any one of claims 1 to 71 from a biological sample, comprising * contacting an immobilised compound according to claim 89 with said biological sam ple in order for said immobilised compound to form a complex by binding said protein tyrosine phosphatase * removing unbound material from said biological sample and isolating said complex 15 * extracting said protein-tyrosine phosphatase.

95. A method for isolating a Src-homology 2 domain containing protein or a phosphotyro sine binding domain containing protein with affinity for a compound according to any one of the preceding compound claims from a biological sample, comprising 20 * contacting an immobilized compound according to claim 89 with said biological sample in order for said immobilized compound to form a complex by binding said Src homology 2 domain containing protein or a phosphotyrosine binding domain containing protein * removing unbound material from said biological sample and isolating said complex 25 * extracting said Src-homology 2 domain containing protein or a phosphotyrosine binding domain containing protein from said complex.

96. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 71 coupled to a fluorescent or radio active molecule. 30

97. A method for coupling a fluorescent or radioactive molecule to a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 71 comprising * contacting said compound with said fluorescent or radioactive molecule in a reaction mixture to produce a complex WO 99/46237 PCT/DK99/00126 217 removing uncomplexed material and isolating said complex from said reaction mixture.

98. A method for detecting protein-tyrosine phosphatase or other molecules with phosphotyrosine recognition unit(s) in a cell or in a subject using a com 5 pound according to claim 93 comprising * contacting said cell or an extract thereof or a biological sample from said subject or by injecting said compound into said subject in order for said compound to produce a complex with said protein-tyrosine phosphatase or said molecules with phosphotyro sine recognition unit(s) 10 * detecting said complex, thereby detecting the presence of said protein tyrosine phos phatase or said other molecules with phosphotyrosine recognition unit(s).

99. A method for quantifying the amount of protein-tyrosine phosphatases or other mole cules with phosphotyrosine recognition unit(s) in a cell or in a subject using a compound 15 according to claim 93 comprising * contacting said cell or an extract thereof or a biological sample from said subject or by injecting said compound into said subject in order for said compound to produce a complex with said protein-tyrosine phosphatase or said molecules with phosphotyro sine recognition unit(s) 20 * measuring the amount of said complex, thereby detecting the presence of said protein tyrosine phosphatase or said molecules with phosphotyrosine recognition unit(s).

100. A method for determining the function of a given protein-tyrosine phosphatase or group of protein-tyrosine phosphatases or said molecules with phosphotyrosine recogni 25 tion unit(s) in a cell or a subject using a compound according to claim 93 comprising * contacting said cell or an extract thereof or a biological sample from said subject or by injecting said compound into said subject in order for said compound to produce a complex with said protein-tyrosine phosphatase or said molecules with phosphotyro sine recognition unit(s) 30 * measuring the biological effects induced by said complex.

101. A compound which after uptake in cells or mammals has a structure and a function as defined in any one of claims 1 to 71.