AU2021233949A1 - SWMM and EFDC coupling model-based regulation and storage project environmental effect assessment method and device - Google Patents
SWMM and EFDC coupling model-based regulation and storage project environmental effect assessment method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Disclosed in the present invention are an SWMM and EFDC coupling model-based regulation and storage project environmental effect assessment method and device. Said method comprises: acquiring first geographic data for characterizing a pipe network runoff of a research area, second geographic data for characterizing pipe network parameters of the research area, third geographic data for characterizing a river distribution of the research area, and fourth geographic data for characterizing hydrodynamic water quality of a river of the research area; constructing a first SWMM and EFDC coupling model according to the described data, so as to obtain first output data for characterizing the water quality and the water volume before the implementation of a regulation and storage project; acquiring the position, scale, catchment area data, and project investment data of the regulation and storage project; adjusting an SWMM model according to the position, scale and catchment area data of the regulation and storage project; constructing a second SWMM and EFDC coupling model according to the adjusted SWMM model, so as to obtain second output data for characterizing the water quality and water volume after the implementation of the regulation and storage project; and assessing the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project according to the first output data, the second output data and the project investment data.
Description
Description METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR EVALUATING ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT OF REGULATION AND STORAGE PROJECT BASED ON SWMM AND EFDC COUPLING MODEL CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2020101641145, filed
with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on March 10, 2020, and entitled
MODEL", which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the field of water environment governance projects, and
specifically, to a method and an apparatus for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation
and storage project based on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model.
BACKGROUND A regulation and storage project is a common means for governing urban water
environment, especially for controlling non-point source pollution. In general, non-point
sources directly entering rivers with rainfall runoffs cause an increase in pollution load of the
rivers, and water quality deteriorates. Consequently, a water quality section fails to reach a
standard. To reduce the non-point source pollution that directly enters the rivers, a regulation
and storage pond at certain scale may be constructed in a pipeline network system of rainwater,
to collect rainfall runoffs in an area of a certain size. From a perspective of water conservancy,
an effect of staggering flood peaks can be achieved. From a perspective of improving water
quality, initial rainwater with high pollution load can be accommodated, thereby reducing
impact of the initial rainwater on the water quality of the river. However, before the regulation
and storage project is implemented, how to design a size of the regulation and storage pond
and set a location of the regulation and storage pond provides certain reference value for project
implementation and project costs. In addition, during project implementation, how to evaluate
impact of some natural phenomena (a rainfall and the like) on assessment of water quality of a
section is also main content of the project implementation. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate an environmental effect of the regulation and storage project, so that technical support can be provided for the project implementation and the costs.
At present, main methods for evaluating the environmental effect of the regulation and
storage project are as follows.
In a post-effect evaluation method based on data analysis, a project operation effect is
mainly evaluated by analyzing a change degree of water quality of a waterbody after the project
is implemented. However, the method mainly relies on actually measured data after the project
actually operates, and an effect obtained after the project is completed and operates cannot be
predicted during a project planning period. Consequently, there are great limitations on guiding
formulation of a preliminary project planning scheme.
In a method for evaluating a pollution reduction effect based on load calculation, a
reduction effect after the project is implemented is mainly analyzed from a perspective of
controlling a total number of pollutants. However, a response relationship between pollution
reduction and water quality is not considered. In this case, it is difficult to scientifically evaluate
an improvement effect of water environment quality after a project design scheme (design
parameters such as a location and scale) is implemented, and it is difficult to provide technical
support for formulation of a governance project scheme with a water quality goal as a core.
In a method for evaluating an effect of a governance project based on water environment
numerical simulation of urban rivers, a water environment improvement effect is simulated and
analyzed by using simulation of a hydrodynamic water quality model of a urban river as a
means and changes in water quality of the river before and after the project is implemented as
boundary conditions. However, in this method, only a response process of pollutant discharge
and water environment in the river is considered, but under impact of a rainfall runoff process
in different seasons, impact of rainfall runoff pollutant input from a non-point source outside
the river on a water environment governance effect is not fully considered.
For the foregoing several evaluation methods, reference factors in the evaluation
processes are relatively one-sided. Neither impact of the pollutant input from the urban non
point source on the water environment, nor impact of a project location, scale, and the like on
an environmental effect of the regulation and storage project, nor impact of a rainfall runoff
change process on the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project during the project implementation is considered, thereby easily leading to inaccurate evaluation results.
SUMMARY In view of this, to overcome a prior-art defect that an evaluation result of a method for
evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and storage project is inaccurate,
embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for evaluating an
environmental effect of a regulation and storage project based on an SWMM and EFDC
coupling model.
According to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for
evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and storage project based on an SWMM and
EFDC coupling model. The method includes: acquiring first geographic data for characterizing
a pipeline network runoff of a research area, second geographic data for characterizing pipeline
network parameters of the research area, third geographic data for characterizing river
distribution of the research area, and fourth geographic data for characterizing hydrodynamic
water quality of rivers in the research area; constructing a first SWMM and EFDC coupling
model based on the first geographic data, the second geographic data, the third geographic data,
and the fourth geographic data, to acquire first output data for characterizing water quality and
water volume before the regulation and storage project is implemented; acquiring a location,
scale, catchment area data, and project investment data of the regulation and storage project;
adjusting an SWMM model based on the location, the scale, and the catchment area data of the
regulation and storage project; constructing a second SWMM and EFDC coupling model
according to the adjusted SWMM model, to acquire second output data for characterizing water
quality and water volume after the regulation and storage project is implemented; and
evaluating the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project based on the first
output data, the second output data, and the project investment data.
Optionally, the SWMM model includes a pipeline network system, and the adjusting an
SWMM model based on the location, the scale, and the catchment area data of the regulation
and storage project includes: generalizing the regulation and storage project as a node into the
pipeline network system based on the location of the regulation and storage project; converting
the node into a regulation and storage pond and converting a pipeline following the regulation
and storage pond into an orifice; and adjusting the pipeline network system based on the catchment area data of the regulation and storage project, the regulation and storage pond, and the orifice. Optionally, the adjusting the pipeline network system based on the catchment area data of the regulation and storage project, the regulation and storage pond, and the orifice includes: dividing a catchment area into independent areas in the pipeline network system based on the catchment area data of the regulation and storage project; and adjusting a pipeline network direction and a boundary condition of the catchment area based on the catchment area, a location of the regulation and storage pond, and the orifice. Optionally, the evaluating the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project based on the first output data, the second output data, and the project investment data includes: acquiring a first water quality indicator concentration and first water volume of a to-be-assessed section based on the first output data and a preset water quality indicator, where the to-be assessed section is a downstream outlet section, a section to which close attention is paid, or a water quality assessment section of the river in the research area; acquiring a second water quality indicator concentration, second water volume, a number of days that a water quality indicator reaches a standard, and a total number of days that the water quality indicator is simulated of the to-be-assessed section based on the second output data and the preset water quality indicator; based on the first water quality indicator concentration, the first water volume, the second water quality indicator concentration, the second water volume, the number of days that the water quality indicator reaches the standard, the total number of days that the water quality indicator is simulated, and the project investment data, calculating a water quality concentration change rate, a load flux change, a qualification rate, and a cost-effectiveness ratio based on water quality; and evaluating the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project based on the water quality concentration change rate, the load flux change, the qualification rate, and the cost-effectiveness ratio based on water quality. Optionally, the water quality concentration change rate, the load flux change, the qualification rate, and the cost-effectiveness ratio based on water quality are calculated according to the following formulas: k= C *100% the water quality concentration change rate k: CO the load flux change W: W= C,* Q,C*Q S= D*100% the qualification rate S: DT
R = C, - C"| the cost-effectiveness ratio R based on water quality: M where: k represents the water quality concentration change rate, and Co and Ct respectively represent water quality indicator concentrations (mg/l) before and after the regulation and storage project is implemented; W represents the load flux change, and Qo and Qt respectively represent water volume (m3/s) before and after the regulation and storage project is implemented; S represents the qualification rate, and Ds and DTrepresent the number of days that the water quality indicator reaches the standard and the total number of days that the water quality indicator is simulated after the regulation and storage project is implemented, respectively; and R represents the cost-effectiveness ratio based on water quality, and M represents project investment (in ten thousand yuan). Optionally, the constructing a first SWMM and EFDC coupling model based on the first geographic data, the second geographic data, the third geographic data, and the fourth geographic data includes: constructing the SWMM model based on the first geographic data; acquiring output data of water quality and water volume of the pipeline network runoff of the research area based on the second geographic data and the SWMM model; constructing an EFDC model based on the third geographic data and the fourth geographic data; and coupling the SWMM model and the EFDC model based on the output data of water quality and water volume of the pipeline network runoff of the research area, to generate the first SWMM and EFDC coupling model. According to a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and storage project based on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model. The apparatus includes: a first acquisition unit, configured to acquire first geographic data for characterizing a pipeline network runoff of a research area, second geographic data for characterizing pipeline network parameters of the research area, third geographic data for characterizing river distribution of the research area, and fourth geographic data for characterizing hydrodynamic water quality of rivers in the research area; a first construction unit, configured to construct a first SWMM and EFDC coupling model based on the first geographic data, the second geographic data, the third geographic data, and the fourth geographic data, to acquire first output data for characterizing water quality and water volume before the regulation and storage project is implemented; a second acquisition unit, configured to acquire a location, scale, catchment area data, and project investment data of the regulation and storage project; an adjustment unit, configured to adjust an SWMM model based on the location, the scale, and the catchment area data of the regulation and storage project; a second construction unit, configured to construct a second SWMM and
EFDC coupling model according to the adjusted SWMM model, to acquire second output data
for characterizing water quality and water volume after the regulation and storage project is
implemented; and an evaluation unit, configured to evaluate the environmental effect of the
regulation and storage project based on the first output data, the second output data, and the
project investment data.
According to a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer
device, including: at least one processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the at
least one processor, where the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one
processor, and when the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the at least one
processor performs the method for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and
storage project based on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model according to any one of the
first aspect or the implementation manners of the first aspect.
According to a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a
computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores
computer instructions, and the computer instructions are configured to enable a computer to
perform the method for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and storage project
based on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model according to any one of the first aspect or the
implementation manners of the first aspect.
For the method and apparatus for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and
storage project based on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model provided by the embodiments
of the present invention, the pipeline network hydrological model (SWMM) is embedded into
the traditional hydrodynamic water quality model (EFDC) of the river, and the SWMM and
EFDC coupling model is formed, to evaluate the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project. An urban rainfall runoff (urban non-point source pollution) is considered in the
SWMM model, so that the integrity and systematicness of a drainage basin are
comprehensively considered in the SWMM and EFDC coupling model, and a terrain condition,
a pipeline network condition, a hydrologic condition, a meteorologic condition, a water quality
condition, and other conditions are overall considered. When the environmental effect of the
regulation and storage project is evaluated by using the SWMM and EFDC coupling model,
impact of non-point source pollution generated by the rainfall runoff on whether a water quality
section reaches the standard can be overall stimulated and analyzed. In addition, the regulation
and storage project is generalized as a change value into the SWMM model, rather than being
generalized as a constant value into the EFDC model because impact of a change process of
the rainfall runoff on the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project is
considered. When the regulation and storage project is generalized into the SWMM model, the
location and the scale of the regulation and storage project is considered, so that the
environmental effect of the regulation and storage project is more accurately evaluated.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS To more clearly describe the specific implementation manners of the present invention or
the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly describes the accompanying
drawings that are required for describing the specific implementation manners or the prior art.
Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some implementation manners of
the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other accompanying drawings may
also be obtained based on the accompanying drawings without any creative effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for evaluating an environmental effect of a
regulation and storage project based on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model according to an
embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of converting forms of a node and a pipeline during
generalization of a regulation and storage pond according to an embodiment of the present
invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of modifying a pipeline network system according to an
embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a distribution diagram of a hydrographic net and land use in a case area according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a point location diagram of elements in a case area according to an embodiment
of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a digital elevation model (DEM) diagram of a case area according to an
embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a large section of terrain of some rivers in a case area
according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a daily-scale bar chart of a rainfall amount of a rainfall station in a case area
according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a framework of an SWMM model of a case area
according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 shows a flow calibration result of a first coupling model of a case area according
to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 shows a water quality calibration result of a first coupling model of a case area
according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a distribution diagram of regulation and storage ponds and SWMM outlets
before the regulation and storage ponds are arranged according to an embodiment of the present
invention;
FIG. 13 is a diagram of an original pipeline network system related to an SU4 and an SU5
in a case area according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a partial diagram of a pipeline network after an SU4 and an SU5 are modified
in a case area according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a diagram of an original pipeline network and a diagram of a modified pipeline
network related to an SU7 in a case area according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of parameter settings of a regulation and storage pond 4
in a case area according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of parameter settings of a regulation and storage pond 5
in a case area according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of parameter settings of a regulation and storage pond 7
in a case area according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 19 shows generalization input of a boundary of a regulation and storage pond in a
model in a case area according to an embodiment of the present invention embodiment;
FIG. 20 shows a change tendency chart of a COD concentration of an accessed section
before and after the regulation and storage project is implemented according to an embodiment
of the present invention;
FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an apparatus for evaluating an
environmental effect of a regulation and storage project based on an SWMM and EFDC
coupling model according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a computer device according to
an embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION To make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the
present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention
are clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in
the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some,
but not all of, the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the
present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making
creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element (such as a layer, region, or substrate) is referred
to as being "on" or extending "onto" another element, the element can be directly on or directly
extend onto the another element, or an intermediate element can also exist. In contrast, when
an element is referred to as being "directly on" or "directly" extending "onto" another element,
no intermediate element exist. Similarly, it will be understood that when an element (such as a
layer, region, or substrate) is referred to as being "on" another element or extending "on"
another element, the element can be directly on the another element or directly extend on the
another element, or an intermediate element can also exist. In contrast, when an element is
referred to as being "directly on" or "directly" extending "on" another element, no intermediate
element exists. It will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being
"connected" or "coupled" to another element, the element can be directly connected or coupled
to the another element or an intermediate element may also exist. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly coupled" to another element, no intermediate element exists. Relative terms (such as "below" or "above", "upper" or "lower", or "horizontal" or "vertical") may be used herein to describe a relationship between an element, a layer, or a region shown in a figure and another element, layer, or region. It will be understood that these terms and those discussed above are intended to include different directions of a device in addition to directions depicted in the figures. An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and storage project based on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model, including the following steps. Si01. Acquire first geographic data for characterizing a pipeline network runoff of a research area, second geographic data for characterizing pipeline network parameters of the research area, third geographic data for characterizing river distribution of the research area, and fourth geographic data for characterizing hydrodynamic water quality of rivers in the research area. Specifically, the first geographic data for characterizing the pipeline network runoff of the research area includes: a range boundary of the research area, digital elevation model (DEM) data, a coordinate location of a rainfall station, a coordinate location of an evaporation station, land use data, soil type data, a location of an accessed section of a river, and the like. The second geographic data for characterizing the pipeline network parameters of the research area includes: a rainfall amount monitored by a meteorological station and a corresponding observation time series, and an evaporation amount and a corresponding observation time series. The third geographic data for characterizing the river distribution of the research area includes: distribution of a hydrographic net in the research area, a location of a hydrological station in the research area, a location of water quality monitoring station, and river terrain data. The fourth geographic data for characterizing the hydrodynamic water quality of the rivers in the research area includes: a location, a sewage flow, and a sewage concentration of a sewage treatment plant in the research area, a location, a sewage flow, and a sewage concentration at a sewage outlet in the research area, series data of a river inflow monitored historically or on site by the river hydrological station in the research area or background concentration series data of a river inflow monitored historically or on site by the water quality monitoring station.
S102. Construct a first SWMM and EFDC coupling model based on the first geographic
data, the second geographic data, the third geographic data, and the fourth geographic data, to
acquire first output data for characterizing water quality and water volume before the regulation
and storage project is implemented.
Specifically, a storm water management model (SWMM) is a storm water management
model. An environmental fluid dynamics code (EFDC) model is an environmental fluid
dynamics model. An SWMM model may be constructed by using the first geographic data, an
EFDC model may be constructed by using the third geographic data and the fourth geographic
data, the SWMM model is calibrated by using the second geographic data as a driver, and data
that is output by the SWMM model is used as a driver of the EFDC model, to complete coupling
between the SWMM model and the EFDC model, and the first SWMM and EFDC coupling
model is generated. After the first SWMM and EFDC coupling model is generated, the model
automatically outputs the first output data. The first output data includes data of the water
quality and the water volume that change with time before the regulation and storage project is
implemented.
S103. Acquire a location, scale, catchment area data, and project investment data of the
regulation and storage project.
Specifically, the regulation and storage project is a common project measure for governing
water environment. In this embodiment, an example in which the regulation and storage project
is a regulation and storage pond is used for description. For the regulation and storage project,
generally, an interceptor is set up before a pipeline extends into a river, to collect initial
rainwater in the regulation and storage pond, and the retained initial rainwater sediments in the
regulation and storage pond. After the regulation and storage pond is full, water inside is
discharged into a river through a water outlet pipe at a top of the regulation and storage pond.
In practice, a scouring runoff at an early stage of a rainfall seriously pollutes the river. Setting
up the regulation and storage pond before the runoff enters the river reduces pollution load of
the river and can alleviate impact of flood peaks to a certain extent. Based on project planning,
in combination with site investigation, a geographic location (x, y) of the regulation and storage
pond may be determined. In addition, based on the project planning, scale (water storage volume m 3 ), project investment data, and catchment area data of the regulation and storage pond may be determined.
S104. Adjust the SWMM model based on the location, the scale, and the catchment area
data of the regulation and storage project.
Specifically, it is generally believed that rainwater and sewage directly flow together into
the sewage treatment plant for treatment through a rainwater and sewage combined pipeline,
and therefore, discharging is performed according to a water volume standard and a water
quality standard of the sewage treatment plant after treatment. However, in fact, sewage
generated by a rainfall runoff is directly discharged into the river through a rainwater pipeline.
Therefore, during a rainfall, water volume and water quality change with the rainfall, and
discharging is not performed with a constant quantity. Therefore, the regulation and storage
pond needs to be generalized as a change value into the SWMM model, rather than being
generalized as a constant value into the EFDC model. The regulation and storage project may
be generalized into the SWMM model based on the location, the scale, and other information
of the regulation and storage project, and a catchment area of the SWMM model may be
modified based on the catchment area data of the regulation and storage project, to adjust the
SWMM model. Main parameters used for generalizing the regulation and storage project into
the model include the location of the regulation and storage pond, the scale of the regulation
and storage pond, a design of the regulation and storage pond, and parameter settings of the
regulation and storage pond. The location of the regulation and storage pond is determined
according to the geographic coordinates. The scale of the regulation and storage pond is
determined according to the project planning, and generally refers to volume of the regulation
and storage pond. The design of the regulation and storage pond is mainly a shape design, and
may be a trapezoid, a rectangle, and other regular shapes, or may also be a complex shape with
a polygonal structure. The parameter settings of the regulation and storage pond include a
height of a water outlet of the regulation and storage pond, a height of a pipeline network port
connected to the regulation and storage pond, and the like. The regulation and storage pond is
mainly generalized in the SWMM model. One regulation and storage pond corresponds to one
outlet boundary, and the outlet boundary is an inflow boundary in the EFDC model. The outlet
boundary of the regulation and storage pond is generally not fixed, and changes with a rainfall.
When there is no rainfall, both water volume and water quality on the boundary are zero. In
this embodiment, the water quality refers to a common pollutant, such as a chemical oxygen
demand (COD).
S105. Construct a second SWMM and EFDC coupling model according to the adjusted
SWMM model, to acquire second output data for characterizing water quality and water
volume after the regulation and storage project is implemented.
Specifically, the adjusted SWMM model is calibrated again by using the second
geographic data as a driver, and data that is output by the adjusted SWMM model is used as a
driver of the EFDC model, to complete second coupling between the SWMM model and the
EFDC model, and the second SWMM and EFDC coupling model is generated. After the second
SWMM and EFDC coupling model is generated, the model automatically outputs the second
output data, and the second output data includes data of the water quality and the water volume
that change with time after the regulation and storage project is implemented.
S106. Evaluate the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project based on the
first output data, the second output data, and the project investment data. Specifically, the first
output data includes the data of the water quality and the water volume before the regulation
and storage project is implemented, and the second output data includes the data of the water
quality and the water volume after the regulation and storage project is implemented. Based on
the data of the water quality and the water volume before and after the regulation and storage
project is implemented and the project investment data, a water quality concentration change
rate, a load flux change, a qualification rate, and a cost-effectiveness ratio based on water
quality may be calculated, to evaluate the environmental effect of the regulation and storage
project.
For the method for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and storage project
based on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model provided by the embodiment of the present
invention, the pipeline network hydrological model (SWMM) is embedded into the traditional
hydrodynamic water quality model (EFDC) of the river, and the SWMM and EFDC coupling
model is formed, to evaluate the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project. An
urban rainfall runoff (urban non-point source pollution) is considered in the SWMM model, so
that the integrity and systematicness of a drainage basin are comprehensively considered in the
SWMM and EFDC coupling model, and a terrain condition, a pipeline network condition, a hydrologic condition, a meteorologic condition, a water quality condition, and other conditions are overall considered. When the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project is evaluated by using the SWMM and EFDC coupling model, impact of non-point source pollution generated by the rainfall runoff on whether a water quality section reaches a standard can be overall stimulated and analyzed. In addition, the regulation and storage project is generalized as a change value into the SWMM model, rather than being generalized as a constant value into the EFDC model because impact of a change process of the rainfall runoff on the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project is considered. When the regulation and storage project is generalized into the SWMM model, the location and the scale of the regulation and storage project is considered, so that the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project is more accurately evaluated. In an optional embodiment, the SWMM model includes a pipeline network system, and the foregoing step S104 of adjusting an SWMM model based on the location, the scale, and the catchment area data of the regulation and storage project specifically includes: generalizing the regulation and storage project as a node into the pipeline network system based on the location of the regulation and storage project; converting the node into a regulation and storage pond and converting a pipeline following the regulation and storage pond into an orifice; and adjusting the pipeline network system based on the catchment area data of the regulation and storage project, the regulation and storage pond, and the orifice. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, a location of the regulation and storage pond may be first generalized as the node into a pipeline network system of the SWMM model, and then the node is converted into the regulation and storage pond in the SWMM model. The orifice of the pipeline following the regulation and storage pond is set up while the regulation and storage pond is generalized, and the outflow orifice of the regulation and storage pond is set at a top of the regulation and storage pond. The regulation and storage project is evaluated based on the established SWMM model. Therefore, before the regulation and storage pond is set up, the regulation and storage pond is not considered in the SWMM model. Therefore, before the evaluation is carried out, the pipeline network system and a catchment area of the original SWMM model need to be modified. According to the scale and site conditions of the regulation and storage project, a shape and a size of the regulation and storage pond may be designed. In the model, the regulation and storage pond may be set to a regular shape, such as a rectangle or a trapezoid, or may be set to an irregular shape. In the SWMM model, parameters that affect normal operation of the regulation and storage pond include an elevation, a maximum depth, an orifice elevation and other parameters of the regulation and storage pond. Since the regulation and storage pond is generalized in the SWMM model, a water outlet of the regulation and storage pond, like other outlets of the SWMM model, is directly input into EFDC grids for simulation.
Adjusting the SWMM model based on the location, the scale, the catchment area data of
the regulation and storage project is to generalize the regulation and storage project into the
SWMM model. Adjusting the pipeline network system in the SWMM model to obtain a more
proper pipeline network system is to consider impact of a change process of the rainfall runoff
on the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project, so that an evaluation result
can be more accurate when the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project is
finally evaluated.
In an optional embodiment, the adjusting the pipeline network system based on the
catchment area data of the regulation and storage project, the regulation and storage pond, and
the orifice includes: dividing a catchment area into independent areas in the pipeline network
system based on the catchment area data of the regulation and storage project; and adjusting a
pipeline network direction and a boundary condition of the catchment area based on the
catchment area, the location of the regulation and storage pond, and the orifice. Specifically,
the boundary condition refers to a location of the outlet of the regulation and storage pond and
the data of the water quality and the water volume at the outlet. The catchment area of the
regulation and storage pond is separated from the original SWMM model, and the pipeline
network system is reset, including a direction of the pipeline network system, the location of
the regulation and storage pond, addition of an outlet of the model, and the like. For a specific
operation, refer to FIG. 3. As may be seen from FIG. 3, based on the catchment area data of the
regulation and storage pond, the catchment area of the regulation and storage pond is separated
from the pipeline network system, and an original pipeline network direction and an original
outlet location of another catchment area in the pipeline network system remain unchanged.
The pipeline network direction and the outlet location of the catchment area of the regulation
and storage pond are reset based on the location of the regulation and storage pond and the
orifice, to adjust the pipeline network system.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the catchment area of the regulation and
storage project is divided into independent areas in the pipeline network system, so that the
division of the pipeline network is closer to reality, and the result of evaluating the
environmental effect of the regulation and storage project can be more accurate.
In an optional embodiment, the foregoing step S106 of evaluating the environmental effect
of the regulation and storage project based on the first output data, the second output data, and
the project investment data specifically includes: acquiring a first water quality indicator
concentration and first water volume of a to-be-assessed section based on the first output data
and a preset water quality indicator, where the to-be-assessed section is a downstream outlet
section, a section to which close attention is paid, or a water quality assessment section of the
river in the research area; acquiring a second water quality indicator concentration, second
water volume, a number of days that a water quality indicator reaches a standard, and a total
number of days that the water quality indicator is simulated of the to-be-assessed section based
on the second output data and the preset water quality indicator; based on the first water quality
indicator concentration, the first water volume, the second water quality indicator
concentration, the second water volume, the number of days that the water quality indicator
reaches the standard, the total number of days that the water quality indicator is simulated, and
the project investment data, calculating the water quality concentration change rate, the load
flux change, the qualification rate, and the cost-effectiveness ratio based on water quality; and
evaluating the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project based on the water
quality concentration change rate, the load flux change, the qualification rate, and the cost
effectiveness ratio based on water quality.
Specifically, the evaluating the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project
includes the following steps. (1) Determine the to-be-assessed section and the water quality
indicator; and select the section to which close attention is paid and the to-be-assessed section
based on a project evaluation requirement, such as the downstream outlet section of the river
of the research area, a water quality section to which close attention is paid, or levels of water quality assessment sections, and a common indicator that characterizes water quality can be selected as the water quality indicator, such as a COD, ammonia nitrogen (NH 4*-N), or total phosphorus (TP). (2) Determine indicators for evaluating a project effect. The indicators for evaluating the project effect include the water quality concentration change rate, the load flux change, the qualification rate, and the cost-effectiveness ratio based on a water quality change.
The water quality concentration change rate mainly characterizes reduction degrees of water
quality concentrations before and after the project is implemented. The load flux change mainly
characterizes a load change under a combined action of water volume and water quality before
and after the project is implemented, and the change is a positive value, indicating that pollution
load increases after the project is implemented; otherwise, the pollution load decreases. For the
qualification rate, numbers of days that the water quality indicator reaches the standard before
and after the project is implemented are mainly calculated according to the Class III or Class
IV standard in "Environmental Quality Standards For Surface Water GB3838-2002", and the
cost-effectiveness ratio based on a water quality change is determined based on the water
quality change and the corresponding project investment, to evaluate an operation effect of the
project from an economic perspective. (3) Calculate the evaluation indicators. Based on the
determined to-be-assessed section and the water quality indicator, the water quality indicator
concentrations and water volume data of the to-be-assessed section before and after the project
is implemented, a number of days for stimulation after the project is implemented, and the
number of days that the water quality indicator reaches the standard may be obtained based on
the first output data and the second output data. Then the water quality concentration change
rate, the load flux change, the qualification rate, and the cost-effectiveness ratio based on water
quality may be calculated based on the project investment data and preset calculation formulas,
to evaluate the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project.
In this embodiment of the present invention, an indicator framework for evaluating the
environmental effect of the regulation and storage project is established, and the cost
effectiveness ratio based on water quality is innovatively proposed as an indicator, and the
indicator is added to provide guidance for project investment. Changes in the water quality can
be simulated under different project conditions or at different stages of the project. In
combination with the corresponding investment, the respective cost-effectiveness ratio is analyzed, so that an optimal effect that can be achieved with minimum investment can be determined.
In an optional embodiment, the water quality concentration change rate, the load flux
change, the qualification rate, and the cost-effectiveness ratio based on water quality can be
respectively calculated according to the following formulas:
k = C, -C|* 100% CO
W=;*Q-C*Q 0 (2) s= *100% DT (3) M (4) where: k represents the water quality concentration change rate, and Co and Ct respectively
represent water quality indicator concentrations (mg/l) before and after the regulation and
storage project is implemented; W represents the load flux change, and Qo and Qt respectively
represent water volumes (m 3/s) before and after the regulation and storage project is
implemented; S represents the qualification rate, and Ds and DT represent the number of days
that the water quality indicator reaches the standard and the total number of days that the water
quality indicator is simulated after the regulation and storage project is implemented,
respectively; and R represents the cost-effectiveness ratio based on water quality, and M
represents project investment (in ten thousand yuan).
In an optional embodiment, the step S102 of constructing a first SWMM and EFDC
coupling model based on the first geographic data, the second geographic data, the third
geographic data, and the fourth geographic data includes the following steps.
Construct the SWMM model based on the first geographic data. Specifically, after format
processing is performed on collected basic data such as the land use data, the DEM data, and
the location of the rainfall station, sub-catchment areas are obtained through division, to
construct the SWMM model. The performing format processing on basic data such as pipeline
network data, the land use data, the DEM data, and the location of the rainfall station includes:
generalizing the pipeline network and the hydrographic net by using ArcGIS, performing
cutting and distribution for land use, and the like.
Obtain the output data of the water quality and the water volume of the pipeline network runoff of the research area based on the second geographic data and the SWMM model.
Specifically, after being processed into a format that the SWMM model can recognize, the
rainfall amount and the corresponding observation time series, and the evaporation amount in
the research area and the corresponding observation time series that are collected are input into
the SWMM model as a driver of the SWMM model, and are parameters for calibrating the
SWMM model, and the output data of the water quality and the water volume of the pipeline
network runoff of the research area is obtained. The calibration parameters include pipeline
roughness, a characteristic width of the sub-catchment, an impervious runoff coefficient, a
pervious runoff coefficient, a water storage volume in an impervious swale, a water storage
volume in a pervious swale, a Manning coefficient of the sub-catchment, a pollutant
accumulation indicator coefficient, a pollutant scouring indicator coefficient, and the like.
Construct the EFDC model based on the third geographic data and the fourth geographic
data. Specifically, after format processing is performed on the distribution of the hydrographic
net in the research area, related data (the location, the sewage flow, and the sewage
concentration) of the sewage treatment plant in the research area, related data of the sewage
outlet in the research area (the location, the sewage flow, and sewage concentration of the
sewage outlet), the location of the hydrological station in the research area, the location of the
water quality monitoring station, the river terrain data, and series data of a river inflow
monitored historically or on site by the river hydrological station in the research area or
background concentration series data of a river inflow monitored historically or on site by the
water quality monitoring station that are collected, the EFDC model is constructed.
Couple the SWMM model and the EFDC model based on the output data of the water
quality and the water volume of the pipeline network runoff of the research area, to generate
the first SWMM and EFDC coupling model. Specifically, the data of the water quality and the
water volume output by the SWMM model is used as boundaries of a land runoff and a non
point source of the EFDC model, are input into the EFDC model as a driver of the EFDC
model, and is parameters for calibrating the EFDC model. Coupling between the SWMM
model and the EFDC model is completed, to generate the first SWMM and EFDC coupling
model, and the first output data of the water quality and the water volume that change with
time is output. The calibration parameters include river roughness, a pollutant degradation coefficient, and the like. The SWMM model and the EFDC model are respectively constructed, the output data of the SWMM model is used as the input data of the EFDC model, and the SWMM model and the EFDC model are coupled for simulating water environment in the river. In the SWMM model, the output data of the water quality and the water volume of the pipeline network runoff of the research area may be obtained based on the first geographic data for characterizing the pipeline network runoff of the research area and the second geographic data for characterizing the pipeline network parameters of the research area, so that an urban non-point source process can be simulated. Using the output data of the SWMM model as the input data of the EFDC model and as a non-point source boundary of the EFDC model can eliminate a defect of incomprehensive consideration for an urban non-point source in the hydrodynamic water quality model, so that simulation of water volume-hydrodynamics-water quality for "water land integration" of a point-surface source in plain urban areas is effectively supported, thereby implementing simulation and analysis of a water environmental effect under dual impact of natural conditions and human activities. In addition, in this embodiment of the present invention, in the SWMM model, the drainage basin is divided into a plurality of control units (sub-catchments), and each control unit is scoured by a rainfall runoff to generate non-point source pollution. From a perspective of pollution governance, based on refined control units, a reference can be provided for implementing meticulous spatial management and control, thereby further improving the accuracy of the traditional SWMM model. The method for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and storage project based on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model according to the embodiment of the present invention is described below by using a specific embodiment. Currently, the effect of the regulation and storage project is evaluated by using water environment governance in a certain urban area (shown in FIG. 4) as a case and a COD of a typical pollutant as a water quality indicator. (I) Collect and process basic data The basic data collected in the case area includes four categories: spatial data, pollution data, hydrological data, and meteorological data. Collection results are shown in Table 1:
Table 1 Data Data Name processing Remarks type result Distribution of a Shown in hydrographic net FIG. 4 Location of a Shown in sewage outlet FIG. 5 Location of a to- Shown in be-accessed FIG. 5 section Location of a Shown in sewage treatment FIG. 5 Need to check with actual locations plant Location of a Shown in rainfall location FIG. 5 Spatial Location of a flow Shown in data monitoring station FIG. 5 Location of a Shown in regulation and FIG. 5 storage pond Land use Shown in Ln e FIG.4 When detailed data is unavailable, the Soil type Shown in data can be obtained by using Google FIG. 5 Maps Digital elevation Shown in model DEM FIG. 6 River terrain Shown in Only large sections of some rivers are FIG. 7 listed Designed flow and water discharging Shown in standardofthe FIG. 2 For a pollution source not included in sewagetreatment routine environmental statistics, on-site plant monitoring needs to be carried out to Sewage flow and obtain corresponding data Polluti sewage Shown in on data concentration at FIG. 3 the sewage outlet For a hydrologic water volume data not Background 30 &'l included in the routine environmental concentration of a (COD) statistics, on-site monitoring needs to river inflow be carried out to obtain corresponding data Hydrol Forariverwithnohistoricaldata,on ogical Numberofriver 0.02 m3 /s Foreamrierith noehitoricaid on data inflows sitemonitoringneedstobecarriedout Meteor Shown in For a river with no historical data, a ologica Rainfall amount FIG. simple meteorological station can be 1 data temporarily set up
Table 2 Water Project Sequence number Scale (t/d) discharging standard Sl 80000 S2 27000 S3 60000 Sewage S4 12000 Class IV of treatment S5 3600 surface water plant S6 3000 S7 2700 Total 185800
Table 3 Sequence number of the sewage COD (mg/L) Water volume (m3 /d) outlet P1 79.76 900 P2 126.4 500 P3 316 100 P4 39.13 100 P5 143 1000 P6 191.1 2500 P7 210.7 1000 P8 139.9 2500 P9 23.515 2300 P1O 194.63 1000 P11 39.13 200 P12 37.62 200 P13 183.6 50 P14 84.28 144 P15 132.93 2000 P16 46.65 50 P17 46.65 150 P18 64.71 100 P19 84.28 100 P20 90.2 500 P21 33.01 2000 As shown in FIG. 4, a distribution diagram of a hydrographic net and land use in the case
area may be formed based on hydrographic net distribution and land use data in the case area.
As shown in FIG. 5, a point location diagram of elements in the case area may be formed based
on hydrographic net distribution, a location of a sewage outlet, a location of a to-be-accessed section, a location of a sewage treatment plant, a location of a rainfall station, a location of a flow monitoring station, a location of a regulation and storage pond, and soil type data in the case area. As shown in FIG. 6, a digital elevation model DEM diagram of the case area may be formed based on digital elevation model DEM data. As shown in FIG. 7, a schematic diagram of a large section of terrain of rivers in the case area may be formed based on river terrain data.
As shown in FIG. 8, a daily-scale bar chart of a rainfall amount of a rainfall station in the case
area may be formed based on rainfall amount data.
(II) Construct a first SWMM and EFDC coupling model
(1) Construct an SWMM model
A boundary of a range of the research area, the digital elevation model (DEM) data, the
coordinate location of the rainfall station, the coordinate location of the evaporation station,
the land use data, the soil type data, the location of the to-be-accessed section of the river, and
the like are generalized into a pipeline network, a sub-catchment area, and a water outlet by
using ArcGIS, and are then imported in SWMM software to form a framework of the SWMM
model, as shown in FIG. 9. A length of the pipeline network, a pipe diameter, and pipe
roughness are set. An area, a slope, a catchment node, and a characteristic width of the sub
catchment, an impervious runoff coefficient, a pervious runoff coefficient, a water storage
volume in an impervious swale, a water storage volume in a pervious swale, a Manning
coefficient of the sub-catchment, and the like are defined. Rainfall data of the rainfall station
is used as a driving condition to complete parameter calibration and model verification on the
SWMM model. Water volume and water quality that are output by a model outlet provides
runoff and non-point source boundaries for the hydrodynamic water quality model (EFDC) of
the river.
(2) Construct an EFDC model
The hydrographic net in a drainage basin is divided into grids. In a process of laying out
the grids, the solution efficiency of the model, the irregularity of a calculation area, a range of
an actually measured terrain data, and a grid accuracy requirement are comprehensively
considered, and high-resolution Cartesian grids are used. To ensure the calculation stability and
the numerical solution accuracy, lengths and widths of the grids are basically equal, and spatial
distribution of grid sizes is relatively uniform, thereby ensuring the accuracy of hydrodynamic simulation and water quality simulation. (3) Couple the SWMM model and the EFDC model and verify calibration A digital river model is generated based on a river section extracted based on terrain. The river is generalized. An output boundary is set, flows of each hydrographic net in the case area, a water quality boundary (a time series or an annual average value), and the runoff and non point source boundaries that are output by the SWMM model are input as driving conditions of the EFDC model to complete coupling between the SWMM model and the EFDC model, and the first SWMM and EFDC coupling model is generated. FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 show simulation calibration results of the first coupling model. (III) Generalize a regulation and storage project (1) Specific operations of generalizing the regulation and storage project (1) Location (x, y) and scale of the regulation and storage pond Based on data collection, construction of the regulation and storage pond in the case area and an outlet of the SWMM model before the regulation and storage pond is set are shown in FIG. 12. Scale of each regulation and storage pond is shown in Table 4, and outlets F21, F22, and F24 are located outside the drainage basin. Table 4 Name Code name Construction volume (m 3
) Regulation and storage SU4 4000 pond 4 Regulation and storage SU5 4000 pond 5 Regulation and storage SU7 1500 pond 7 (2) Modify the pipeline network and the catchment area The pipeline network and the catchment area are modified mainly in three steps. First, a sub-catchment area is modified. An original sub-catchment area is cut or the corresponding catchment area of the regulation and storage pond is obtained through combination based on a catchment range determined according to a plan. Second, according to the location of the regulation and storage pond, a direction of the pipeline network and a catchment node are modified on the basis of an original pipeline network. Finally, the outlet of the regulation and storage pond is arranged. For a method for modifying pipeline networks and catchment areas of the regulation and storage ponds SU4, SU5, and SU7, refer to FIG.13 to FIG. 15.
Before the regulation and storage ponds SU4 and SU5 are modified: In an original pipeline
network system, a rainfall runoff generated in a sub-catchment area S60 enters a catchment
node 143. Rainfall runoffs generated in S16 and S53 respectively enter catchment nodes 149
and 157, then enter an overflow node 156, and are finally discharged into a river through a
water outlet F6, as shown in FIG. 13.
After the regulation and storage pond SU4 is modified: A pipeline network and a
catchment node 397 are newly added. The original catchment node 143 becomes an overflow
node. The rainfall runoff generated by the original S60 and imported into the node 143 is
imported into the node 397 again, is then discharged into the regulation and storage pond 4
(SU4) by the catchment node 397, and is finally discharged into the river through a newly
added water outlet F-SU4, as shown in FIG. 14.
After the regulation and storage pond SU5 is modified: Locations of the catchment nodes
149 and 157 in the pipeline network are modified. An overflow node 398 of the pipeline
network is newly added. The rainfall runoffs generated in the sub-catchment areas S16 and S53
are respectively imported into an overflow node 398 through the catchment nodes 149 and 157,
and are then discharged into the regulation and storage pond 5 (SU5), and are finally discharged
into the river through a newly added water outlet F-SU5, as shown in FIG. 14.
Before and after the regulation and storage pond SU7 is modified: Before the
modification, a rainfall runoff generated in a sub-catchment area S96 enters a catchment node
279, and is then discharged into the river through a water outlet F17. After the modification, a
catchment node 399 is newly added, the original catchment node 279 becomes an overflow
node, and the rainfall runoff generated by the original S96 and imported into the node 279 is
imported into a node 399 again, is then discharged into the regulation and storage pond 7 (SU7)
through the catchment node 399, and is finally discharged into the river through a newly added
water outlet F-SU7, as shown in FIG. 15.
(3) Design the regulation and storage pond
Based on a volume and site conditions, a shape and a size of the regulation and storage
pond are designed. In the model, the regulation and storage pond may be set to a regular shape,
such as a rectangle or a trapezoid, or may be set to an irregular shape. In this case, the regulation
and storage ponds are all designed into a rectangle. For design lists, refer to Table 5.
Table 5 Regulati Regulat
Design list ionand Design list storage storagestorage pond pond Depth m Bottom area n2 Depth m Bottom area m 0 800 0 300 0.5 800 0.5 300 1 800 1 300 1.5 800 1.5 300 SU4/SU 2 800 'U7 2 300 5 2.5 800 500 2.5 300 4000 m3 3 800 m3 3 300 3.5 800 3.5 300 4 800 4 300 4.5 800 4.5 300 5 800 5 300 5.5 800 5.5 300
(4) Set parameters of the regulation and storage pond
In the SWMM model, parameters that affect normal operation of the regulation and
storage pond include an elevation, a maximum depth, an orifice elevation, and the like of the
regulation and storage pond. For parameters that are set for the regulation and storage ponds
SU4, SU5, and SU7, respectively refer to FIG. 16 to FIG. 18.
(5) Set a boundary condition for the regulation and storage pond
Since the regulation and storage pond is generalized in the SWMM model, the water outlet
of the regulation and storage pond, like other outlets of the SWMM model, is directly input
into the EFDC grids for simulation, as shown in FIG. 19.
(IV) Evaluate an effect of the regulation and storage project
(1) Determine a to-be-accessed section, as shown in FIG. 5.
(2) Determine a water quality indicator: A chemical oxygen demand (COD) of a typical
pollutant is used as the water quality indicator.
(3) Evaluation index results: Second output data is obtained based on the constructed
second SWMM and EFDC coupling model. A water quality change rate, a pollution load flux
change, a qualification rate, and a cost-effectiveness ratio are calculated according to the foregoing formulas (1) to (4), as shown in Table 6. Changes in water quality before and after the project is implemented are shown in FIG. 20. Table 6 cInvestm Cost Average Concentrat Load flux Intnatlific rteness Project concentration ion change change action (In ten ratio situation (/1 raeWrate thousan mg/(L-ten (mg/l) rate(0%) (t) tho n thousand d yuan) yuan) Before regulation 59.28 - - - - - - - - - and storage After regulation 57.61 2.8 50.8 0.3 100 0.017 and storage
According to analysis, an average background concentration of the COD without a
regulation and storage project is 59.28 mg/l. With the regulation and storage project, a
concentration of the COD decreases. Based on data analysis of water volume and water quality
that are simulated above, it may be learned that after the regulation and storage, the average
concentration of the COD decreases to 57.61 mg/l, a concentration change rate is 2.8%, and a
pollution load change is -50.8 t, according to the water standard class IV, the qualification rate
is 0.3%, and the cost-effectiveness ratio based on a water quality change is 0.017 mg/(L-ten
thousand yuan).
Based on the simulation results, the construction of the regulation and storage pond has
certain effects on the improvement of water quality. Therefore, in an actual construction process
of the project, it may be properly considered to increase the number or scale of regulation and
storage ponds to optimize the project, so as to achieve optimal project benefits.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for evaluating an
environmental effect of a regulation and storage project based on an SWMM and EFDC
coupling model. As shown in FIG. 21, the apparatus includes: a first acquisition unit 21,
configured to acquire first geographic data for characterizing a pipeline network runoff of a
research area, second geographic data for characterizing pipeline network parameters of the
research area, third geographic data for characterizing river distribution of the research area,
and fourth geographic data for characterizing hydrodynamic water quality of rivers in the
research area, where for details, refer to the related descriptions of step S101 in the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again; a first construction unit 212, configured to construct a first SWMM and EFDC coupling model based on the first geographic data, the second geographic data, the third geographic data, and the fourth geographic data, to acquire first output data for characterizing water quality and water volume before the regulation and storage project is implemented, where for details, refer to the related descriptions of step S102 in the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again; a second acquisition unit 213, configured to acquire a location, scale, catchment area data, and project investment data of the regulation and storage project, where for details, refer to the related descriptions of step S103 in the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again; an adjustment unit 214, configured to adjust an SWMM model based on the location, the scale, and the catchment area data of the regulation and storage project, where for details, refer to the related descriptions of step S104 in the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again; a second construction unit 215, configured to construct a second SWMM and EFDC coupling model based on the adjusted SWMM model, to acquire second output data for characterizing water quality and water volume after the regulation and storage project is implemented, where for details, refer to the related descriptions of step S105 in the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again; and an evaluation unit 216, configured to evaluate the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project based on the first output data, the second output data, and the project investment data, where for details, refer to the related descriptions of step S106 in the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again. For the apparatus for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and storage project based on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the pipeline network hydrological model (SWMM) is embedded into the traditional hydrodynamic water quality model (EFDC) of the river, and the SWMM and EFDC coupling model is formed, to evaluate the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project. An urban rainfall runoff (urban non-point source pollution) is considered in the
SWMM model, so that the integrity and systematicness of a drainage basin are comprehensively considered in the SWMM and EFDC coupling model, and a terrain condition, a pipeline network condition, a hydrologic condition, a meteorologic condition, a water quality condition, and other conditions are overall considered. When the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project is evaluated by using the SWMM and EFDC coupling model, impact of non-point source pollution generated by the rainfall runoff on whether a water quality section reaches the standard can be overall stimulated and analyzed. In addition, the regulation and storage project is generalized as a change value into the SWMM model, rather than being generalized as a constant value into the EFDC model because impact of a change process of the rainfall runoff on the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project is considered. When the regulation and storage project is generalized into the SWMM model, the location and the scale of the regulation and storage project is considered, so that the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project is more accurately evaluated. An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer device, including: at least one processor 221; and a memory 222 communicatively connected to the at least one processor. One processor 221 is used as an example in FIG. 22. The processor 221 and the memory 222 may be connected through a bus or in another way, and performing connection through a bus is used as an example in FIG. 22. The processor 221 may be a central processing unit (CPU). The processor 221 may also be another general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or another programmable logic device, a discrete gate or a transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, and another chip, or a combination of the foregoing types of chips. As a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the memory 222 can be configured to store a non-transitory software program, a non-transitory computer-executable program, and a module, for example, a program instruction/module corresponding to the method for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and storage project based on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model in the embodiment of the present invention. The processor 221 executes various functional applications of the processor and data processing by running the non-transitory software program, the instruction, and the module stored in the memory 222, that is, implements the method for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and storage project based on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model in the foregoing method embodiment.
The memory 222 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program
storage area may store an operating system and an application program required by at least one
function. The data storage area may store data created by the processor 221 and the like. In
additional, the memory 222 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also
include a non-transitory memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash
memory device, or another non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the
memory 222 may optionally include memories remotely arranged relative to the processor 221,
and the remote memories may be connected to the processor 221 through a network. Examples
of the network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a
mobile communication network, and a combination thereof.
The one or more modules are stored in the memory 222, and when executed by the
processor 221, execute the method for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and
storage project based on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model in the embodiment shown in
FIG. 1.
Specific details of the forgoing computer device may be understood by correspondingly
referring to the corresponding related descriptions and effects in the embodiment shown in
FIG. 1, and details are not repeated herein again.
Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the foregoing
method embodiments can be completed by a computer program instructing relevant hardware,
and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. During execution, the
processes of the method embodiments may be included. The storage medium may be a
magnetic disk, an optical disc, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM),
a flash memory, a hard disk drive (abbreviation: HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), or the like.
The storage medium may further include a combination of the forgoing types of memories.
Although the embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the
accompanying drawings, various modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in
the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
- Claims 1. A method for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and storage projectbased on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model, comprising:acquiring first geographic data for characterizing a pipeline network runoff of a researcharea, second geographic data for characterizing pipeline network parameters of the researcharea, third geographic data for characterizing river distribution of the research area, and fourthgeographic data for characterizing hydrodynamic water quality of rivers in the research area;constructing a first SWMM and EFDC coupling model based on the first geographic data,the second geographic data, the third geographic data, and the fourth geographic data, toacquire first output data for characterizing water quality and water volume before the regulationand storage project is implemented;acquiring a location, scale, catchment area data, and project investment data of the regulation and storage project; adjusting an SWMM model based on the location, the scale, and the catchment area data of the regulation and storage project; constructing a second SWMM and EFDC coupling model according to the adjusted SWMM model, to acquire second output data for characterizing water quality and water volume after the regulation and storage project is implemented; and evaluating the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project based on the first output data, the second output data, and the project investment data.
- 2. The method for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and storage project based on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model according to claim 1, wherein the SWMM model comprises a pipeline network system, and the adjusting an SWMM model based on the location, the scale, and the catchment area data of the regulation and storage project comprises: generalizing the regulation and storage project as a node into the pipeline network system based on the location of the regulation and storage project; converting the node into a regulation and storage pond and converting a pipeline following the regulation and storage pond into an orifice; and adjusting the pipeline network system based on the catchment area data of the regulation and storage project, the regulation and storage pond, and the orifice.
- 3. The method for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and storage projectbased on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model according to claim 2, wherein the adjustingthe pipeline network system based on the catchment area data of the regulation and storageproject, the regulation and storage pond, and the orifice comprises:dividing a catchment area into independent areas in the pipeline network system based onthe catchment area data of the regulation and storage project; andadjusting a pipeline network direction and a boundary condition of the catchment areabased on the catchment area, a location of the regulation and storage pond, and the orifice.
- 4. The method for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and storage projectbased on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model according to any one of claims I to 3, whereinthe evaluating the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project based on the firstoutput data, the second output data, and the project investment data comprises:acquiring a first water quality indicator concentration and first water volume of a to-beassessed section based on the first output data and a preset water quality indicator, wherein theto-be-assessed section is a downstream outlet section, a section to which close attention is paid,or a water quality assessment section of the river in the research area;acquiring a second water quality indicator concentration, second water volume, a numberof days that a water quality indicator reaches a standard, and a total number of days that thewater quality indicator is simulated of the to-be-assessed section based on the second outputdata and the preset water quality indicator;based on the first water quality indicator concentration, the first water volume, the secondwater quality indicator concentration, the second water volume, the number of days that thewater quality indicator reaches the standard, the total number of days that the water qualityindicator is simulated, and the project investment data, calculating a water qualityconcentration change rate, a load flux change, a qualification rate, and a cost-effectiveness ratiobased on water quality; andevaluating the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project based on thewater quality concentration change rate, the load flux change, the qualification rate, and thecost-effectiveness ratio based on water quality.
- 5. The method for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and storage projectbased on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model according to claim 4, wherein the water qualityconcentration change rate, the load flux change, the qualification rate, and the costeffectiveness ratio based on water quality are calculated according to the following formulas:k= *, 100% the water quality concentration change rate k: COthe load flux change W: W= C,* Q, -C*Q S= D*100% the qualification rate S: DTRC C the cost-effectiveness ratio R based on water quality: Mwherein: k represents the water quality concentration change rate, and Co and Ctrespectively represent water quality indicator concentrations (mg/l) before and after theregulation and storage project is implemented; W represents the load flux change, and Qo andQt respectively represent water volumes (m3/s) before and after the regulation and storageproject is implemented; S represents the qualification rate, and Ds and DT represent the numberof days that the water quality indicator reaches the standard and the total number of days thatthe water quality indicator is simulated after the regulation and storage project is implemented,respectively; and R represents the cost-effectiveness ratio based on water quality, and Mrepresents project investment (in ten thousand yuan).
- 6. The method for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and storage projectbased on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model according to claim 1, wherein the constructinga first SWMM and EFDC coupling model based on the first geographic data, the secondgeographic data, the third geographic data, and the fourth geographic data comprises:constructing the SWMM model based on the first geographic data;acquiring output data of water quality and water volume of the pipeline network runoff ofthe research area based on the second geographic data and the SWMM model;constructing an EFDC model based on the third geographic data and the fourth geographicdata; andcoupling the SWMM model and the EFDC model based on the output data of water qualityand water volume of the pipeline network runoff of the research area, to generate the firstSWMM and EFDC coupling model.
- 7. An apparatus for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and storage project based on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model, comprising: a first acquisition unit, configured to acquire first geographic data for characterizing a pipeline network runoff of a research area, second geographic data for characterizing pipeline network parameters of the research area, third geographic data for characterizing river distribution of the research area, and fourth geographic data for characterizing hydrodynamic water quality of rivers in the research area; a first construction unit, configured to construct a first SWMM and EFDC coupling model based on the first geographic data, the second geographic data, the third geographic data, and the fourth geographic data, to acquire first output data for characterizing water quality and water volume before the regulation and storage project is implemented; a second acquisition unit, configured to acquire a location, scale, catchment area data, and project investment data of the regulation and storage project; an adjustment unit, configured to adjust an SWMM model based on the location, the scale, and the catchment area data of the regulation and storage project; a second construction unit, configured to construct a second SWMM and EFDC coupling model based on the adjusted SWMM model, to acquire second output data for characterizing water quality and water volume after the regulation and storage project is implemented; and an evaluation unit, configured to evaluate the environmental effect of the regulation and storage project based on the first output data, the second output data, and the project investment data.
- 8. A computer device, comprising: at least one processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and when the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor performs the method for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and storage project based on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model according to any one of claims I to 6.
- 9. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are configured to enable a computer to perform the method for evaluating an environmental effect of a regulation and storage project based on an SWMM and EFDC coupling model according to any one of claims I to 6.
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| PCT/CN2021/079867 WO2021180100A1 (en) | 2020-03-10 | 2021-03-10 | Swmm and efdc coupling model-based regulation and storage project environmental effect assessment method and device |
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| CN112434443B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-03-25 | 中国建筑一局(集团)有限公司 | Method for simulating river channel water quality parameter calculation based on SWMM model |
| CN114036708A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2022-02-11 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Vehicle base rainwater system optimization method based on SWMM model |
| CN114357675B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2024-03-22 | 华南理工大学 | Method for calculating water outlet flow by replacing SWMM model conveying module |
| CN114240127B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-06-21 | 云南省设计院集团有限公司 | Urban sewage quality improvement efficiency improvement evaluation method based on water quality and quantity diagnostic analysis |
| CN114372685A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-19 | 长江生态环保集团有限公司 | Urban rainstorm waterlogging risk assessment method based on SWMM model |
| CN115169263B (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2023-01-20 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Multi-time scale runoff change attribution analysis method based on TVGM-Budyko coupling model |
| CN115422850B (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2023-01-10 | 北京云庐科技有限公司 | Method for judging pollution contribution rate of river inflow river drain outlet based on EFDC and edge calculation |
| CN116361973B (en) * | 2023-04-18 | 2023-09-12 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Urban flood process simulation method considering automatic correction of node water level of drainage pipe network |
| CN116542045B (en) * | 2023-05-05 | 2024-01-23 | 天津大学 | MixSIAR-based drainage pipeline three-source external water proportion calculation method |
| CN116628998B (en) * | 2023-05-30 | 2023-12-29 | 中国铁路广州局集团有限公司广州工程建设指挥部 | Rainfall catchment calculation method suitable for mountain areas |
| CN117036099A (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-11-10 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Spatially fine accounting method and spatially fine accounting system suitable for vegetation flood regulation |
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| CN117541078B (en) * | 2023-11-21 | 2024-05-28 | 交通运输部规划研究院 | Ecological protection strategy customizing method based on artificial canal development |
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