AU2021232709A1 - Stub tube and boiler - Google Patents
Stub tube and boiler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU2021232709A1 AU2021232709A1 AU2021232709A AU2021232709A AU2021232709A1 AU 2021232709 A1 AU2021232709 A1 AU 2021232709A1 AU 2021232709 A AU2021232709 A AU 2021232709A AU 2021232709 A AU2021232709 A AU 2021232709A AU 2021232709 A1 AU2021232709 A1 AU 2021232709A1
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- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- heat transfer
- header
- transfer tube
- stub
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Abstract
A boiler comprising (1) : a header (7) through which a heat medium flows; a stub
tube (8) branched from the header and having a base end part (8a) connected to
the header (7) ; and a heat transfer tube (9) connected to a tip part (8b) of the stub
tube (8), through which the heat medium from the header flows, wherein the stub
tube (8) has a thickness thicker than that of the heat transfer tube (9), and
wherein an outer diameter of the stub tube (8) is larger than that of the heat
transfer tube (9), and an inner diameter of the stub tube (8) is smaller than that
of the heat transfer tube (9); to provide a stub tube having extended lifespan
while suppressing an increase in a diameter of the stub tube as compared to the
case in which the stub tube has the same inner diameter as a heat transfer tube.
Description
[Technical Field]
[0001]
The present invention relates to a stub tube which connects a header and
a heat transfer tube, and a boiler provided with the stub tube.
[Background Art]
[0002]
In a thermal power generation boiler, an industrial boiler, or a reuse
L0 incineration power generation boiler, etc., as a technique for overheating an
exhaust gas or recovering heat from the exhaust gas by disposing a heat transfer
tube in the boiler, a technique described in Document 1 is known in the art.
[0003]
Document 1 (JP 4792355 B2) discloses a configuration in which a
L5 plurality of headers (2) are welded between a superheater inlet header manifold
(la) and a superheater outlet header manifold (1b), and the header (2) is
connected with a leg tube (5), which is a main body of a heat transfer tube,
through a stub tube (3) and a transition piece (4). Each member has an outer
diameter in the order that the manifolds (la and 1b) are the largest, the header
(2) is the second largest, the stub tube (3) and the transition piece (4) are the third
largest, and the leg tube (5) is the smallest. Further, the stub tube (3) and the
transition piece (4), and the leg tube (5) have the same inner diameter as each
other. As a result, the stub tube (3) and the transition piece (4) have a thickness
thicker than that of the leg tube (5).
[Citation List]
[Patent Document]
[0004]
Document 1: JP 4792355 B2 ([0041]-[0043], FIGS. 1 to 4)
[Summary of Invention]
[Technical Problem]
[0005]
In a heat exchanger as described in Document 1, steam as a heat medium
passes through the manifolds (la and 1b), the header (2), the stub tube (3), the
transition piece (4), and the leg tube (5). In recent years, the boiler is heated to a
L0 high temperature (600°C or higher) for the purpose of increasing efficiency
thereof, and materials having high durability have been used for the header and
stub tube. As the material having high durability, for example, a steel material
containing W, Mo, Nb and V, and further containing about 9 to 12% of Cr, a so
called 9Cr to 12Cr steel, is used.
L5 [0006]
However, in reality, it has been found that the stub tube, and the like
using the 9Cr steel, etc. are damaged in a shorter time than the assumed
lifespan. In order to improve the durability of the stub tube, and the like, the
thickness of the stub tube, and the like is generally increased. However, if the
thickness of the stub tube is increased, the tube diameter is increased and an
interval between the stub tubes is narrowed. When the interval between the
stub tubes is narrowed, a space for performing welding at the time of installing or
replacing the stub tubes is narrowed. Therefore, it is difficult to perform the
welding work and it is not possible to use a welding robot.
[0007]
It is a technical object of the present invention to provide a stub tube
having extended lifespan while suppressing an increase in a diameter of the stub
tube as compared to the case in which the stub tube has the same inner diameter
as a heat transfer tube.
[Solution to Problem]
[0008]
The above object of the present invention may be achieved by employing
the following configurations.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a
L0 boiler including: a header through which a heat medium flows; a stub tube
branched from the header and having a base end part connected to the header;
and a heat transfer tube connected to a tip part of the stub tube, through which
the heat medium from the header flows, wherein the stub tube has a thickness
thicker than that of the heat transfer tube, and wherein an outer diameter of the
L5 stub tube is larger than that of the heat transfer tube, and an inner diameter of
the stub tube is smaller than that of the heat transfer tube.
[0009]
An invention of a second aspect of the present invention provides the
boiler according to the first aspect, wherein the heat transfer tube has a base end
part made of the same material as the header, and a tip part made of the same
material as the heat transfer tube.
[0010]
An invention of a third aspect of the present invention provides the boiler
according to the first or second aspect, wherein an inner diameter of the tip part is decreased from an end part thereof on the heat transfer tube side toward the header side.
[0011]
An invention of a fourth aspect of the present invention provides the
boiler according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the inner
diameter of the stub tube is set according to a flow resistance of the heat medium
flowing through the heat transfer tube.
[0012]
In order to solve the above technical object, according to a fifth aspect of
L0 the present invention, there is provided a stub tube configured to connect a
header through which a heat medium flows and a heat transfer tube, wherein the
stub tube has a thickness thicker than that of the heat transfer tube, and wherein
an outer diameter thereof is larger than that of the heat transfer tube, and an
inner diameter thereof is smaller than that of the heat transfer tube.
L5 [Advantageous Effects]
[0013]
According to the inventions of the first and fifth aspects of the present
invention, the lifespan of the stub tube may be extended while suppressing an
increase in the diameter of the stub tube as compared to the case in which the
stub tube has the same inner diameter as the heat transfer tube.
According to the invention of the second aspect of the present invention,
in addition to the effect of the invention of the first aspect of the present
invention, a damage to connection portions due to a difference in thermal
expansion coefficients between the base end part and the header, and between
the tip part and the heat transfer tube is suppressed.
According to the invention of the third aspect of the present invention, in
addition to the effect of the invention of the first or second aspect of the present
invention, a generation of vortex and turbulence in the flowing heat medium is
suppressed, and a reduction in heat exchange efficiency is suppressed, as
compared to the case in which the inner diameter of the tip part is changed
stepwise.
According to the invention of the fourth aspect of the present invention,
in addition to the effect of the invention of any one of the first to third aspects of
the present invention, non-uniformity of a flow rate in a plurality of heat transfer
L0 tubes is suppressed as a whole, as compared to the case in which the inner
diameter of the stub tube is not set according to the flow resistance.
[Brief Description of Drawings]
[0014]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view describing a boiler according to an
L5 embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a major part of a header portion in a heat
exchanger of Embodiment 1; and
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view describing a portion of a stub tube.
[Description of Embodiments]
[0015]
Next, examples as specific examples of an embodiment of the present
invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present
invention is not limited to the following examples.
Further, in the following description using the drawings, members other
than members necessary for the description to facilitate the understanding will
not be appropriately illustrated and described.
[Embodiment 1]
[0016]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view describing a boiler according to an
embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, a boiler 1 of Embodiment 1 of the present invention has a
furnace 3 in which a plurality of burners 2 are installed. Superheaters 4 (4a to
L0 4c) as an example of a heat exchanger are disposed in a can front part 3a above
the furnace 3 and a can rear part 3b behind a can front part 3a.
[0017]
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a major part of a header portion in a heat
exchanger of Embodiment 1.
L5 In FIG. 1, similar to Document 1, the superheaters 4 are connected by a
manifold 6 formed of a pipe having a large diameter, and a plurality of headers 7
having a medium diameter are branched from the manifold 6. In FIG. 2, the
header 7 is connected with a base end of a stub tube 8, and a tip of the stub tube 8
is connected with a heat transfer tube 9. Therefore, in the superheater 4, steam
as an example of a heat medium flows inside the manifold 6, the header 7, the
stub tube 8, and the heat transfer tube 9, such that heat exchange is performed at
a portion of the heat transfer tube 9.
[0018]
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view describing a portion of a stub tube.
In FIG. 3, the stub tube 8 of Embodiment 1 has a base end part 8a on the
header 7 side and a tip part 8b on the heat transfer tube 9 side. The base end
part 8a and the tip part 8b are connected by a welded part 11.
In Embodiment 1, the base end part 8a is made of the same material as
the header 7, and is made of 9Cr steel as an example. In addition, in
Embodiment 1, the tip part 8b is made of the same material as the heat transfer
tube 9, and is made of stainless steel (SUS304) as an example.
[0019]
The base end part 8a is provided with an outer diameter reduced part 12
L0 on a base end side (header 7 side) thereof, and the outer diameter reduced part 12
is formed so that the outer diameter is decreased toward the base end side. That
is, the outer diameter of the outer diameter reduced part 12 is narrowed.
Further, the inner diameter of the base end part 8a is formed to be the same from
the tip part 8b side to the header 7 side, and is not narrowed. As a result, in the
L5 portion of the outer diameter reduced part 12, the thickness is reduced toward the
header 7 side. The stub tube 8 is welded to the header 7 at the portion of the
outer diameter reduced part 12.
Furthermore, in the specification and the claims of the present
application, the term "same" is used to include a case in which there is an
unavoidable deviation such as an allowable range in designs, for example, a
manufacturing error or tolerance, which practically occurs.
[0020]
A portion of the tip part 8b, which is connected to the base end part 8a,
has an inner diameter and an outer diameter formed to be the same as those of
the base end part 8a. The tip part 8b has an inner diameter reduced part 13 formed on the tip side (heat transfer tube side) thereof, in which the inner diameter is decreased from an end 13a on the heat transfer tube 9 side toward the header 7 side. In Embodiment 1, the outer diameter of the inner diameter reduced part 13 is formed so as to be increased from the end 13a on the heat transfer tube 9 side toward the header 7 side. Therefore, at the end 13a of the tip part 8b on the heat transfer tube 9 side, the inner diameter reduced part 13 is formed so that the inner diameter and outer diameter of the stub tube 8 are the same as the inner diameter and outer diameter of the heat transfer tube 9.
Accordingly, the stub tube 8 of Embodiment 1 is formed to have a larger
L0 outer diameter, a thicker thickness, and a smaller inner diameter than those of
the heat transfer tube 9 as a whole, except for the portion of the inner diameter
reduced part 13 connected to the heat transfer tube 9.
[0021]
Further, in Embodiment 1, the inner diameter of the stub tube 8 is set
L5 according to a flow resistance of the steam flowing through the heat transfer tube
9. That is, the longer the length of the heat transfer tube 9, the larger the flow
resistance, and the larger the number of bent portions of the heat transfer tube 9
and the larger a bending angle, the larger the flow resistance. In addition, the
flow resistance is changed depending on the material of the heat transfer tube 9
and the presence or absence of processing on the inner surface. Therefore, in
Embodiment 1, according to the flow resistance of each of the heat transfer tubes
9, the larger the flow resistance, the larger the inner diameter of the stub tube 8,
whereas the smaller the flow resistance, the smaller the inner diameter of the
stub tube.
[0022]
(Operation of Embodiment 1)
In the boiler 1 of Embodiment 1 having the above-described
configuration, the stub tube 8 of the superheater 4 has a larger outer diameter
but a smaller inner diameter than those of the heat transfer tube 9. Herein,
when improving durability of the stub tube 8, as in Document 1, if it is intended
to increase the thickness of the stub tube in a state in which the inner diameter of
the stub tube is the same as that of the heat transfer tube, the outer diameter of
the stub tube is increased. Therefore, an interval between the stub tubes is
narrowed and it is difficult to secure a space for welding.
Lo0[0023]
On the other hand, in Embodiment 1, the inner diameter of the stub tube
8 is also decreased, such that an increase in the diameter of the stub tube may be
suppressed even when forming to have the same thickness, as compared to the
case in which the inner diameter of the stub tube is the same as the inner
L5 diameter of the heat transfer tube. Therefore, in Embodiment 1, the increase in
the outer diameter of the stub tube 8 is suppressed, and the space for welding is
easily secured. Accordingly, it is also easy to use a welding robot. If the
welding robot can be used, it is advantageous also in terms of manufacturing
costs and maintenance costs, and the construction period may be shortened. In
addition, in the stub tube 8 of Embodiment 1, the thickness may be increased as
compared to the case in which the inner diameter is not decreased, and the
lifespan and durability of the stub tube 8 may be improved.
[0024]
Further, by reducing the inner diameter, a flow rate of the steam toward
the heat transfer tube 9 is decreased, but an increase of insoluble solids (a so
q called scale) derived from the steam may be suppressed, and a frequency of maintenance such as cleaning and replacement may be suppressed.
Furthermore, in Embodiment 1, the inner diameter reduced part 13 is
formed in an inclined surface shape, and the inner diameter is not changed
stepwise. If the inner diameter is changed stepwise, turbulence and vortex may
be generated in the steam flowing at the stepped portion, which may cause an
increase in the flow resistance or reduction in heat exchange efficiency. On the
other hand, in Embodiment 1, the inner diameter reduced part 13 has an inclined
surface shape, the generation of turbulence and vortex is suppressed, and the
L0 decrease in the heat exchange efficiency is suppressed.
[0025]
Further, in Embodiment 1, the base end part 8a is made of the same
material as the header 7, and the tip part 8b is made of the same material as the
heat transfer tube 9.
L5 When the base end part 8a is made of a different material from the
header 7, thermal expansion coefficients differ between the base end part 8a and
the header 7, and an extension force due to heat acts on the welded part, such
that the welded part is easily deteriorated and damaged. On the other hand, in
Embodiment 1, the base end part 8a and the header 7 are made of the same
material, and damage at the welded portion between the header 7 and the stub
tube 8 is suppressed.
When the tip part 8b and the heat transfer tube 9 are made of different
materials, the thermal expansion coefficients differ between the tip part 8b and
the heat transfer tube 9, and the welded part between the tip part 8b and the
heat transfer tube 9 is easily damaged. In particular, the welded part between
i n the heat transfer tube 9 and the stub tube 8 has a thin thickness, and has a smaller amount of a welding material than the thick portion, such that it is easily damaged. On the other hand, in Embodiment 1, the tip part 8b and the heat transfer tube 9 are made of the same material, and damage by the extension due toheatissuppressed.
[0026]
Further, in the stub tube 8 of Embodiment 1, welding is performed on a
connection portion between the base end part 8a and the tip part 8b, which are
thicker than the heat transfer tube 9, such that it is not be easily damaged. In
L0 addition, with respect to the positional relationship between the stub tube 8 and
the header 7 having different outer diameters and also different pipe axial
directions, the base end part 8a and the tip part 8b have the same inner diameter
and outer diameter, as well as have the same pipe axial direction. Thereby, even
if the extension force (external force) due to heat acts thereon, it is easy to predict
L5 the direction and magnitude of the external force, and it is easy to cope with the
welding between the base end part 8a and the tip part 8b of the stub tube 8 in
this embodiment, as compared to those between the stub tube 8 and the header 7.
[0027]
Further, in Embodiment 1, the inner diameter of the stub tube 8 is set to
an inner diameter according to the flow resistances of the respective heat transfer
tubes 9. Therefore, when the flow resistance of the heat transfer tube 9 is large
(i.e., when it is difficult for the heat medium to flow), the inner diameter is
increased to decrease the flow resistance of the stub tube 8 as much as possible,
and when the flow resistance of the heat transfer tube 9 is small (i.e., when the
heat medium easily flows), the inner diameter is increased to throttle the flow of
1 1 the heat medium at the stub tube 8 to some extent. In the case in which the inner diameter of the stub tube 8 is the same as that of the heat transfer tube 9 as in Patent Document 1, steam easily flows in the stub tube 8, but there is a problem that the heat exchange efficiency in the heat transfer tube 9 becomes uniform as a whole due to a difference in the flow resistances of the respective heat transfer tubes 9. On the other hand, in Embodiment 1, the inner diameter of the stub tube 8 is set according to the flow resistance of the heat transfer tube
9, and the flow of the heat medium in the heat transfer tube 9 is balanced as a
whole, and it is easy to make the heat exchange efficiency become uniform.
L0 Further, when the balance of the flow of the heat medium is maintained in the
respective heat transfer tubes 9, a failure that the respective heat transfer tubes 9
are incidentally deteriorated, which may be stochastically caused, is reduced, as
compared to the case in which there is a variation, and it is easy to manage the
plurality of superheaters 4.
L5 [0028]
Furthermore, in Embodiment 1, the outer diameter reduced part 12 of
the base end part 8a on the header 7 side has a narrowed shape. If the outer
diameter is kept large, the thickness at the end on the header 7 side is increased,
and a surface area of the surface 12a at the end on the header 7 side is increased.
When the surface area of the surface 12a at the end on the side of the header 7 is
increased, the heat medium enters a minute gap between the surface 12a and the
header 7, and an area where the heat medium presses the surface 12a is widened.
That is, a force with which the stub tube 8 is pressed in a direction away from the
header 7 is increased, and the welded part is easily damaged. On the other
hand, when the outer diameter reduced part 12 is narrowed as in Embodiment 1, the surface area of the surface 12a is decreased, and the surface area pressed by the heat medium is decreased. Thereby, the welded part is less likely to be damaged.
[0029]
(Other modifications)
In the above description, the examples and modifications of the present
invention have been described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to
the above-described examples and modifications, and it is possible to perform
various changes within the scope of the purport of the present invention described
L0 in claims. Other modifications (H01) to (H05) of the present invention will be
illustrated below.
(H01) In the above embodiment, the superheater 4 has been exemplified
as the heat exchanger, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For
example, it may be applied to heat exchangers such as a reheater and a heat
L5 recovery device.
[0030]
(H02) In the above embodiment, it is preferable that the materials of the
base end part 8a and the tip part 8b of the stub tube 8, and a combination of the
materials of the header 7 and the heat transfer tube 9 are formed as the
exemplified combination, but different configurations are also possible. That is,
it is also possible for all the header 7, the base end 8a, the tip part 8b, and the
heat transfer tube 9 to be made of different materials, and it is also not impossible
for all the header 7, the stub tube 8, and the heat transfer tube 9 to be made of
same material. Further, it is possible for the header 7 and the stub tube 8 to be
1 9 made of the same material, or for the stub tube 8 and the heat transfer tube 9 to be made of the same material.
[0031]
(H03) In the above embodiment, the configuration, in which the stub tube 8, the base end part 8a and a tip part 8b are welded as separate members, has
been exemplified, but it is not limited thereto. These parts may be formed as one
member or three or more members.
(H04) In the above embodiment, it is preferable that the inner diameter
of the inner diameter reduced part 13 is changed into the inclined surface shape,
L0 but a configuration, in which the inner diameter is formed in a stepped shape or
is changed stepwise, may also be possible.
(H05) In the above embodiment, it is preferable that the inner diameter
of the stub tube 8 is set according to the flow resistance of the heat transfer tube
9, but it is not limited thereto. For example, the inner diameter of the stub tube
L5 8 may be the same for all heat transfer tubes 9, or it is also possible to prepare the
inner diameter of the stub tube 8 in several stages, and use the stub tube 8
having an inner diameter closest to the most appropriate according to the flow
resistance of the heat transfer tube 9.
[Reference Signs List]
[0032]
1...Boiler,
7...Header,
8...Stub tube,
8a...Base end,
8b...Tip,
1A
9...Heat transfer tube.
Claims (5)
1. A boiler comprising: a header through which a heat medium
flows; a stub tube branched from the header and having a base end part
connected to the header; and a heat transfer tube connected to a tip part of the
stub tube, through which the heat medium from the header flows,
wherein the stub tube has a thickness thicker than that of the heat
transfer tube, and
wherein an outer diameter of the stub tube is larger than that of the heat
transfer tube, and an inner diameter of the stub tube is smaller than that of the
heat transfer tube.
2. The boiler according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer tube has a
base end part made of the same material as the header, and a tip part made of
the same material as the heat transfer tube.
3. The boiler according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an inner diameter of the
tip part is decreased from an end part thereof on the heat transfer tube side
toward the header side.
4. The boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inner
diameter of the stub tube is set according to a flow resistance of the heat medium
flowing through the heat transfer tube.
5. A stub tube configured to connect a header through which a heat
medium flows and a heat transfer tube,
wherein the stub tube has a thickness thicker than that of the heat
transfer tube, and
wherein an outer diameter thereof is larger than that of the heat transfer
tube, and an inner diameter thereof is smaller than that of the heat transfer tube.
1-7
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020171363A JP2022063049A (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2020-10-09 | Stub tube and boiler |
| JP2020-171363 | 2020-10-09 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2021232709A1 true AU2021232709A1 (en) | 2022-04-28 |
| AU2021232709B2 AU2021232709B2 (en) | 2023-08-31 |
Family
ID=81255164
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2021232709A Active AU2021232709B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2021-09-15 | Stub tube and boiler |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2022063049A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2021232709B2 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB679625A (en) * | 1949-06-07 | 1952-09-24 | Babcock & Wilcox Ltd | Improvements in or relating to pressure vessels |
| US6495268B1 (en) * | 2000-09-28 | 2002-12-17 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Tapered corrosion protection of tubes at mud drum location |
| JP4792355B2 (en) * | 2006-09-12 | 2011-10-12 | バブコック日立株式会社 | Yokoyose / stub tube welded structure and boiler apparatus including the same |
| JP5203064B2 (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2013-06-05 | バブコック日立株式会社 | Welded structure of heat transfer tube made of header and nickel base alloy |
-
2020
- 2020-10-09 JP JP2020171363A patent/JP2022063049A/en active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-09-15 AU AU2021232709A patent/AU2021232709B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2022063049A (en) | 2022-04-21 |
| AU2021232709B2 (en) | 2023-08-31 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| FGA | Letters patent sealed or granted (standard patent) |