AU2021101500A4

AU2021101500A4 - Apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under mulching film by utilizing field drip irrigation system

Info

Publication number: AU2021101500A4
Application number: AU2021101500A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Ying Xiao; Jiahong Xu; Bocheng YU; Xiaohan Yu
Original assignee: Economic Crops Research Institute Xinjiang Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Economic Crops Research Institute Xinjiang Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2021-03-24
Filing date: 2021-03-24
Publication date: 2021-05-13
Anticipated expiration: 2029-03-24

Abstract

The present invention discloses an apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under a mulching film by utilizing a field drip irrigation system, which includes a pipeline mechanism, a mulching film area, a fertilizing mechanism, an atomizing mechanism and an aerating mechanism. The apparatus adopts a micro-nano bubble generator to be connected with a main pipeline through an aerating pump, so that oxygen is transported to a root part area of a crop during the irrigation. During non-irrigation time, air is transported to the main pipeline through an air filter and an air compressor and to the root part of the crop through a branch pipe belt. An air heater and a smoke generator are adopted to guarantee the temperature above and below the mulching film, thereby effectively realizing a cold-proof effect for the root part of the crop. Atomized pesticide is introduced to the roots of the crop through the atomizing mechanism to prevent diseases and insect pests of the root part and ground parts of the crop. Moreover, gaseous fertilizer, such as methane gas, can also be introduced below the mulching film, thereby improving the soil environment, increasing the number and improving the vitality of the soil microorganisms, and improving the soil fertility. The apparatus has wide practicability in the field of crop cultivation. Drawings of Description 103 102 17 10 17 172 101 16 91 81 171 161 1 42 52 5 11 1 511 12 2 3113:41 411 4 14 15 6 7 Fig. 1 155 o 0 0 0 0 151 0 0 0 0 0 152 O 0 0 0 0 153 154 Fig.2 1

Description

Drawings of Description

103 102

17 17 10 172 101 16 91 81 171 161 1

42 52 5

11 1 511 12 2 3113:41 411 4 14 15 6 7

Fig. 1

155 o 0 0 0 0

151 0 0 0 0 0

152 O 0 0 0 0 153 154 Fig.2

Description

APPARATUS FOR TRANSPORTING GAS TO ROOTS OF CROPS UNDER MULCHING FILM BY UTILIZING FIELD DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM

Technical Field

The present invention belongs to the technical field of irrigation apparatuses, and more particularly relates to the technical field of an auxiliary apparatus of a drip irrigation system.

Background

In arid and semi-arid areas, modem agricultural production is carried out by combining mulching films and drip irrigation. This production mode can increase the growth and development period of crops, reduce diseases, pests and weeds, save water, reduce cost and achieve high crop yields. Due to the coverage of the mulching films, the small environment for the growth and development of crop roots can be improved in some aspects. For example, in early spring, the soil temperature can be increased. However, everything has two sides, and there are advantages and disadvantages at the same time. In some aspects, due to the coverage of the mulching films, the growth environment of the roots becomes worse. For example, the coverage with the mulching film blocks the oxygen exchange between the atmosphere above the mulching film and the soil plow layer under the mulching film, which makes the roots of the crops always in an oxygen-deficient state throughout the growth period, thereby affecting the growth and development of the roots of crops, inevitably affecting the production potential of the crops, and further affecting the increase of the yield. When the temperature at the seedling stage is low, the thermal insulation effect brought by the mulching films is not enough to protect the root part of the crop against freezing. Therefore, a suitable auxiliary apparatus of the drip irrigation system is urgently needed.

Description

Summary For the defects in the prior art, in order to solve the technical problems that the coverage with a mulching film blocks the oxygen exchange between the atmosphere above the mulching film and a soil plow layer under the mulching film, which makes the roots of crops always in an oxygen-deficient state throughout the growth period and affects the growth and development of the crop roots, and that the existing mulching film drip irrigation system has poor thermal insulation effect, the present invention provides an apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under a mulching film by utilizing a field drip irrigation system. Compared with the prior art, the apparatus is simple in structure and convenient to use. A micro-nano bubble generator is connected with a main pipeline through an aerating pump, so that oxygen can be transported to a root part area of the crop during the irrigation. During non-irrigation time, air is transported to the main pipeline through an air filter and an air compressor and to the root part of the crop through a branch pipe belt. An air heater and a smoke generator are adopted to guarantee the temperature above and below the mulching film, thereby effectively realizing a cold-proof effect for the root part of the crop. Atomized pesticide is introduced to the roots of the crops through the atomizing mechanism to prevent diseases and insect pests of the root part and ground parts of the crop. Moreover, gaseous fertilizer, such as methane gas, can also be introduced below the mulching film, thereby improving the soil environment, increasing the number and improving vitality of the soil microorganisms, and improving the soil fertility. The apparatus has wide practicability in the field of crop cultivation. To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under the mulching film by utilizing the field drip irrigation system provided by the present invention

Description

includes a pipeline mechanism, a mulching film area, a fertilizing mechanism, an atomizing mechanism and an aerating mechanism. In the pipeline mechanism, a main pipeline is provided with a one-way valve. One end of the main pipeline close to the one-way valve is provided with a branch pipeline I and a branch pipeline IV respectively at both sides. The other end of the main pipeline is provided with an auxiliary pipeline. One side of the auxiliary pipeline is provided with the mulching film area. In the mulching film area, one end of a branch pipe belt is communicated with the auxiliary pipeline. The branch pipe belt is arranged close to a root part of a crop. The branch pipe belt is provided with a mulching film. In the fertilizing mechanism, a material inlet of a fertilizer tank is communicated with the branch pipeline IV, and a material outlet of the fertilizer tank is communicated with the main pipeline through a branch pipeline III. In the aerating mechanism, the main pipeline is provided with a micro-nano bubble generator. One side of an air compressor is communicated with the branch pipeline I, and the other side of the air compressor is provided with a branch pipeline II. The branch pipeline II is provided with an air heater and a smoke generator respectively. The air compressor is provided with an air filter. In the atomizing mechanism, a pesticide tank is connected with the main pipeline through an atomizer. In the present invention, the branch pipeline I is provided with a valve I. The branch pipeline III is provided with a valve II. The branch pipeline IV is provided with a valve III. In the present invention, one end of the air heater is provided with an air inlet pipe I. The air heater is connected with the branch pipeline II through a connecting pipe I. The connecting pipe I is provided with a valve IV. One end of the smoke generator is provided with an air inlet pipe II. The smoke generator is connected with the branch pipeline II through a connecting pipe II. The connecting pipe II is provided with a valve V. In the present invention, circular drip irrigation ports and eye-shaped drip irrigation ports are arranged on the branch pipe belt at intervals. The branch pipe

Description

belt is provided with an inner wall and an outer wall. The outer wall is provided with scale lines. In the present invention, the main pipeline and the auxiliary pipeline are perpendicular to each other. The auxiliary pipeline and the branch pipe belt are perpendicular to each other. In the present invention, the micro-nano bubble generator is connected with the main pipeline through an aerating pump. The atomizing mechanism is arranged on the main pipeline close to the auxiliary pipeline. In the present invention, the micro-nano bubble generator and the aerating pump are arranged on the main pipeline between the branch pipeline III and the auxiliary pipeline. In the present invention, the branch pipeline IV is provided with a water pump. The branch pipeline IV is communicated with a material inlet above the fertilizer tank. In the present invention, a mixer is arranged in the fertilizer tank. One end of the mixer is in shaft connection with a motor above the fertilizer tank. A mixing paddle of the mixer adopts an anchor-type paddle. In the present invention, the fertilizer tank is provided with an injection nozzle. The injection nozzle is in a flared shape. By using the technical solution provided by the present invention, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: The apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under the mulching film by utilizing the field drip irrigation system provided by the present invention is simple in structure and convenient to use. The micro-nano bubble generator is connected with the main pipeline through the aerating pump, so that oxygen can be transported to the root part area of the crop during the irrigation. During non-irrigation time, air is transported to the main pipeline through the air filter and the air compressor and to the roots of the crops through the branch pipe belt. The air heater and the smoke generator are adopted to guarantee the temperature above

Description

and below the mulching film, thereby effectively realizing a cold-proof effect for the root part of the crop. The atomized pesticide is introduced to the roots of the crops through the atomizing mechanism to prevent diseases and insect pests of the root part and ground parts of the crops. Moreover, gaseous fertilizer, such as methane gas, can also be introduced below the mulching film, thereby improving the soil environment, increasing the number and improving the vitality of the soil microorganisms, and improving the soil fertility. The apparatus has wide practicability in the field of crop cultivation.

Description of Drawings Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a branch pipe belt provided by the present invention. In Fig. 1-Fig. 2: 1-main pipeline; 11-one-way valve; 12-branch pipeline I; 121-valve I; 13-branch pipeline II; 14-auxiliary pipeline; 15-branch pipe belt; 151-inner wall; 152-outer wall; 153-circular drip irrigation port; 154-eye-shaped drip irrigation port; 155-scale line; 16-branch pipeline III; 161-valve II; 17-branch pipeline IV; 171-valve III; 172-water pump; 2-air filter; 3-air compressor; 4-air heater; 41-connecting pipe I; 411-valve IV; 42-air inlet pipe I; 5-smoke generator; 51-connecting pipe II; 511-valve V; 52-air inlet pipe II; 6-mulching film; 7-crop; 8-atomizer; 81-pesticide tank; 9-aerating pump; 91-micro-nano bubble generator; -fertilizer tank; 101-mixer; 102-injection nozzle; 103-motor.

Detailed Description Specific implementations of the present invention are further described in detail below in combination with Figs. 1-2 and embodiments, but the apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

Description

In the present invention, to facilitate the description, relative positional relations of various components in an apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under a mulching film by utilizing a field drip irrigation system are described according to a layout way of Fig. 1. For example, top, bottom, left, right and other positional relations are determined according to the layout direction of Fig. 1. A one-way valve (11), a valve I (121), a valve 11 (161), a valve III (171), a water pump (172), an air filter (2), an air compressor (3), an air heater (4), a valve IV (411), a smoke generator (5), a valve V (511), a mulching film (6), an atomizer (8), an aerating pump (9), a nano-micro bubble generator (91), a mixer (101) and a motor (103) can be bought or customized by public channels. Embodiment I: an apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under a mulching film by utilizing a field drip irrigation system Referring to Figs. 1-2, the apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under the mulching film by utilizing the field drip irrigation system provided by the present invention includes a pipeline mechanism, a mulching film area, a fertilizing mechanism and an aerating mechanism. In the pipeline mechanism, a main pipeline (1) is provided with the one-way valve (11). One end of the main pipeline (1) close to the one-way valve (11) is provided with a branch pipeline I (12) and a branch pipeline IV (17) respectively at both sides. The other end of the main pipeline (1) is provided with an auxiliary pipeline (14). One side of the auxiliary pipeline (14) is provided with the mulching film area. In the mulching film area, one end of a branch pipe belt (15) is communicated with the auxiliary pipeline (14). The branch pipe belt (15) is arranged close to a root part of a crop (7). The branch pipe belt (15) is provided with the mulching film (6). In the fertilizing mechanism, a material inlet of a fertilizer tank (10) is communicated with the branch pipeline IV (17), and a material outlet of the fertilizer tank (10) is communicated with the main pipeline (1) through a branch pipeline III (16). In the aerating mechanism, the main pipeline (1) is provided with a micro-nano bubble generator (91). One side of the air compressor (3) is communicated with the branch

Description

pipeline I (12), and the other side of the air compressor (3) is provided with a branch pipeline 11 (13). The branch pipeline 11 (13) is provided with the air heater (4) and the smoke generator (5) respectively. The air compressor (3) is provided with the air filter (2). In the atomizing mechanism, a pesticide tank (81) is connected with the main pipeline through the atomizer (8). In the present invention, the branch pipeline I (12) is provided with the valve I (121). The branch pipeline III (16) is provided with the valve 11 (161). The branch pipeline IV (17) is provided with the valve III (171). In the present invention, one end of the air heater (4) is provided with an air inlet pipe I (42). The air heater (4) is connected with the branch pipeline 11 (13) through a connecting pipe I (41). The connecting pipe I (41) is provided with the valve IV (411). One end of the smoke generator (5) is provided with an air inlet pipe 11 (52). The smoke generator (5) is connected with the branch pipeline 11 (13) through a connecting pipe 11 (51). The connecting pipe 11 (51) is provided with the valve V (511). In the present invention, circular drip irrigation ports (153) and eye-shaped drip irrigation ports (154) are arranged on the branch pipe belt (15) at intervals. The branch pipe belt (15) is provided with an inner wall (151) and an outer wall (152). The outer wall (152) is provided with scale lines, thereby facilitating the maintenance and positioning of the branch pipe belt (15). The circular drip irrigation ports (153) have good water dripping effect. The eye-shaped drip irrigation ports (154) have good ventilation effect. The outer wall (152) is made of an anti-ultraviolet material. With the inner wall (151) and the outer wall (152), the thermal insulation property of the branch pipe belt (15) is better. In the present invention, the main pipeline (1) and the auxiliary pipeline (14) are perpendicular to each other, and the auxiliary pipeline (14) and the branch pipe belt (15) are perpendicular to each other, thereby facilitating the buffering distribution of water and air.

Description

In the present invention, the micro-nano bubble generator (91) is connected with the main pipeline (1) through the aerating pump (9). The atomizing mechanism is arranged on the main pipeline (1) close to the auxiliary pipeline (14), so that the traveling distance of the atomized pesticide in the drip irrigation system is reduced. In the present invention, the micro-nano bubble generator (91) and the aerating pump (9) are arranged on the main pipeline (1) between the branch pipeline III (16) and the auxiliary pipeline (14), thereby ensuring that the oxygenation is carried out after the water with fertilizer is irrigated. In the present invention, the branch pipeline IV (17) is provided with a water pump (172). The branch pipeline IV (17) is communicated with the material inlet above the fertilizer tank (10), so that a fertilizer solution formed after the irrigation water enters the fertilizer tank (10) enters the main pipeline (1) under certain pressure through the branch pipeline III (16). In the present invention, a mixer (101) is arranged in the fertilizer tank (10). One end of the mixer(101) is in shaft connection with a motor (103) above the fertilizer tank (10). A mixing paddle of the mixer (101) adopts an anchor-type paddle, thereby facilitating the mixing of fertilizer with high viscosity. In the present invention, the fertilizer tank (10) is provided with an injection nozzle (102). The injection nozzle (102) is in a flared shape, thereby facilitating the injection. Embodiment II: an application of the apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under the mulching film by utilizing the field drip irrigation system When the apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under the mulching film by utilizing the field drip irrigation system provided by the present invention is in use, during the irrigation, the one-way valve (11) is opened, the valve I (121), the valve 11 (161) and the valve III (171) are closed, and water is supplied through the main pipeline (1). An oxygen content in the water is increased through the micro-nano bubble generator (91) and the aerating pump (9). The irrigation water

Description

reaches the root part of the crop (7) through the auxiliary pipeline (14) and drip irrigation ports on the branch pipe belt (15) to provide water with abundant oxygen to the root part of the crop (7). When the irrigation and fertilization are needed, on the basis of the above step, the valve III (171) is opened, fertilizer is fed into the fertilizer tank (10) through the injection nozzle (102), the motor (103) is started for mixing, and the fertilizer that is uniformly mixed with the water enters the main pipeline (1) through the branch pipeline III (16) and forms oxygen-rich fertilizer when passing through the micro-nano bubble generator (91) and the aerating pump (9). The oxygen-rich fertilizer is brought to the mulching film area through the water of the main pipeline, thereby supplying the oxygen-rich fertilizer to the root part of the crop (7). During the non-irrigation time, the one-way valve (11) and the valve I (121) are opened, the valve 11 (161) and the valve III (171) are closed, and the valve below the aerating pump (9) is also closed; air is compressed by the air compressor (3) after passing through the air filter (2) and then enters the main pipeline (1) through the branch pipeline 1 (12); the water in the pipeline mechanism is emptied first, thereby facilitating the ventilation; and then the air reaches the root part of the crop (7) through the auxiliary pipeline (14) and the drip irrigation ports on the branch pipe belt (15), thereby supplying air to the root part of the crop (7), and avoiding the problem of the air insufficiency in the root part area of the corp (7) covered by the mulching film (6). The air can also pass through seedling holes on the mulching film (6) to supply oxygen to a seedling of the crop (7) at a growth period. The root part of the crop (7) needs the oxygen, and probiotics at the root part of the crop (7) also need other gases such as nitrogen. Gaseous fertilizer such as methane gas is introduced below the mulching film (6) through the air compressor (3), thereby improving the soil environment, increasing the number and improving the vitality of soil microorganisms, and improving the soil fertility. Atomized pesticide is introduced to the root part of the crop (7) through the atomizing mechanism, and the atomized pesticide can also pass through the seedling holes on the mulching film (6), thereby preventing the diseases and insect

Description

pests on the root part of the crop (7) and on the mulching film. When the temperature is relatively low in spring, after the root part of the crop (7) has the freezing risk, the valve IV (411) is opened; and the air is heated by the air heater (4) through the air inlet pipe I (42), enters the branch pipeline 11 (13) through the connecting pipe I (41) and is compressed by the air compressor (3) to reach the root part of the crop (7) along the drip irrigation system, thereby supplying the heated gas to the root part of the crop (7). The valve V (511) is opened; the air enters the smoke generator (5) through the air inlet pipe 11 (52); smoke enters the branch pipeline 11 (13) through the connecting pipe 11 (51) and is mixed with the air after being compressed by the air compressor (3); and the mixture reaches the root part of the crop (7) along the drip irrigation system and forms a layer of thick smoke in the mulching film area of the root part of the crop (7). The smoke and the heated air can also pass through the seedling holes on the mulching film (6) to form a layer of smoke above the mulching film (6) of the crop (7), thereby achieving an anti-frost purpose. The apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under the mulching film by utilizing the field drip irrigation system provided by the present invention is simple in structure and convenient to use. The micro-nano bubble generator (91) is connected with the main pipeline (1) through the aerating pump (9), so that oxygen is transported to the root part area of the crop (7) during the irrigation. During the non-irrigation time, the air is transported to the main pipeline (1) through the air filter (2) and the air compressor (3) and to the root part of the crop through the branch pipe belt (15). The air heater (4) and the smoke generator (5) are adopted to guarantee the temperature above and below the mulching film (6), thereby effectively realizing a cold-proof effect for the root part of the crop (7). The atomized pesticide is introduced to the roots of the crops (7) through the atomizing mechanism to prevent diseases and insect pests of the root part and ground parts of the crop (7). Moreover, the gaseous fertilizer such as methane gas can also be introduced below the mulching film (6), thereby improving the soil environment,

Description

increasing the number and improving vitality of the soil microorganisms, and improving the soil fertility. The apparatus has wide practicability in the field of crop cultivation. As described above, the present invention can be implemented well. The above embodiments only describe preferred implementations of the present invention, rather than limit the scope of the present invention. Various transformations and improvements made by those ordinary skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the present invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under a mulching film by utilizing a field drip irrigation system, comprising a pipeline mechanism, a mulching film area, a fertilizing mechanism, an atomizing mechanism and an aerating mechanism, wherein in the pipeline mechanism, a main pipeline is provided with a one-way valve; one end of the main pipeline close to the one-way valve is provided with a branch pipeline I and a branch pipeline IV respectively at both sides; the other end of the main pipeline is provided with an auxiliary pipeline; one side of the auxiliary pipeline is provided with the mulching film area; in the mulching film area, one end of a branch pipe belt is communicated with the auxiliary pipeline; the branch pipe belt is arranged close to a root part of a crop; the branch pipe belt is provided with a mulching film; in the fertilizing mechanism, a material inlet of a fertilizer tank is communicated with the branch pipeline IV, and a material outlet of the fertilizer tank is communicated with the main pipeline through a branch pipeline III; in the aerating mechanism, the main pipeline is provided with a micro-nano bubble generator; one side of an air compressor is communicated with the branch pipeline I, and the other side of the air compressor is provided with a branch pipeline II; the branch pipeline II is provided with an air heater and a smoke generator respectively; the air compressor is provided with an air filter; and in the atomizing mechanism, a pesticide tank is connected with the main pipeline through an atomizer.

2. The apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under the mulching film by utilizing the field drip irrigation system according to claim 1, wherein the branch pipeline I is provided with a valve I; the branch pipeline III is provided with a valve II; and the branch pipeline IV is provided with a valve III.

3. The apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under the mulching film by utilizing the field drip irrigation system according to claim 1, wherein one end of the air heater is provided with an air inlet pipe I; the air heater is connected with the branch pipeline II through a connecting pipe I; the connecting pipe I is provided with a valve IV; one end of the smoke generator is provided with an air

Claims

inlet pipe II; the smoke generator is connected with the branch pipeline II through a connecting pipe II; and the connecting pipe II is provided with a valve V.

4. The apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under the mulching film by utilizing the field drip irrigation system according to claim 1, wherein circular drip irrigation ports and eye-shaped drip irrigation ports are arranged on the branch pipe belt at intervals; the branch pipe belt is provided with an inner wall and an outer wall; and the outer wall is provided with scale lines.

5. The apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under the mulching film by utilizing the field drip irrigation system according to claim 1, wherein the main pipeline and the auxiliary pipeline are perpendicular to each other; and the auxiliary pipeline and the branch pipe belt are perpendicular to each other.

6. The apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under the mulching film by utilizing the field drip irrigation system according to claim 1, wherein the micro-nano bubble generator is connected with the main pipeline through an aerating pump; and the atomizing mechanism is arranged on the main pipeline close to the auxiliary pipeline.

7. The apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under the mulching film by utilizing the field drip irrigation system according to claim 1, wherein the micro-nano bubble generator and the aerating pump are arranged on the main pipeline between the branch pipeline III and the auxiliary pipeline.

8. The apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under the mulching film by utilizing the field drip irrigation system according to claim 1, wherein the branch pipeline IV is provided with a water pump; and the branch pipeline IV is communicated with a material inlet above the fertilizer tank.

9. The apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under the mulching film by utilizing the field drip irrigation system according to claim 1, wherein a mixer is arranged in the fertilizer tank; one end of the mixer is in shaft connection with a motor above the fertilizer tank; and a mixing paddle of the mixer adopts an anchor-type paddle.

Claims

10. The apparatus for transporting gas to roots of crops under the mulching film by utilizing the field drip irrigation system according to claim 1, wherein the fertilizer tank is provided with an injection nozzle; and the injection nozzle is in a flared shape.