AU2020103858A4

AU2020103858A4 - A degradable biomass slurry, a mulching film and its preparation method and application

Info

Publication number: AU2020103858A4
Application number: AU2020103858A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Zhiye Wang; Ying Zhu
Original assignee: Institute of Biology of Gansu Academy of Sciences
Current assignee: Institute of Biology of Gansu Academy of Sciences
Priority date: 2020-12-03
Filing date: 2020-12-03
Publication date: 2021-02-18
Anticipated expiration: 2028-12-03

Abstract

The invention discloses a degradable biomass slurry, a ground film and its preparation method and application. By removing impurities by sedimentation, reducing COD, BOD ammonia nitrogen harmful components and grinding, respectively, to the excrements of livestock, the third-stage fecal liquid of 40°SR of beating degree is obtained in the invention; By fermenting the leuconostoc mesenteroides on the culture medium, the dextran fermentation liquid is obtained; By adding dextran fermentation liquid and biomass carbon into the third-stage fecal liquid of 100 parts of weight, and by even stirring, the degradable biomass slurry is obtained. The degradable biomass slurry is sprayed on the earth's surface or attachment surface to form the degradable biomass mulching film, which can be used for wind control, sand fixation, soil fertilizer, culture of seedlings, and moisture preservation. The invention takes excrement of livestock as the main raw material, the preparation process of the mulching film does not produce secondary pollution, and the preparation process is simple and the cost is low, making it an effective way to realize the resource recycling of agricultural and animal husbandry wastes and reduce the surface source pollution of agricultural and animal husbandry wastes, especially the pollution of plastic mulching film.

Description

A degradable biomass slurry, a mulching film and its preparation method and

application

TECHNICAL FIELD

[01] The invention belongs to the technical field of mulching film production, in particular to a degradable biomass slurry with film forming ability, the preparation method of the slurry, the biomass degradable liquid mulching film, and the application of the mulching film.

BACKGROUND

[02] Since the cultivation technology of mulching film was introduced to our country at the end of the 1970's, the yield of the crops has been greatly improved due to the effects of the mulching film including temperature increasing, water preservation, and crop reproductive cycle reduction. But with the application of the farm-oriented plastic mulching film, the accompanying problems are also obvious: Firstly, the residual mulching film forms the interlayer in the soil to prevent the crop root from absorption of water and fertilizer as well as the growth, thus resulting in the reduction of crop yield. Secondly, the residual mulching film would not only pollute the environment and reduce the crop yield, but also lead to intestinal obstruction due after fed by the livestock, which is one of the causes that lead to death of livestock in the farm. Thirdly, The seedling could not break the film after film mulching and sowing seeds, so it is required to pull the seedlings out of the film and recycle the mulching film, bringing in great amount of work to the farmers; Fourthly, the plastic mulching film is light and thin, which is not to complement in areas with great sand blown by the wind. Fifthly, farmers do not accept the present degradable mulching film due to its high cost and long degradation period, the degradation time is uncontrollable and inadequate, the mechanical properties and water resistant property are poor as well as many other problems.

SUMMARY

[03] The primary purpose of the invention is to provide a degradable biomass slurry with the film forming ability and the method for preparing the slurry.

[04] Another purpose of the invention is to provide a biomass degradable liquid mulching film formed by spraying slurry with the above-mentioned film forming ability. The mulching film has the properties of increasing temperature, keeping water, preserving moisture and increasing production, and at the same time, it has the advantages of complete in-situ degradation, simple process, low cost, convenient use and labor saving, aiming at solving the shortcomings of the existing mulching film in the above-mentioned background technology.

[05] The invention further aims at providing the application of the degradable liquid mulching film in wind-proof and sand-fixing, soil fertilizer, culture of seedlings and moisture preservation.

[06] The invention is such realized that a preparation method of a degradable biomass slurry, which comprises the following steps:

[07] (1) After removing impurities by sedimentation, reducing COD, BOD ammonia nitrogen harmful components and grinding, respectively, to the excrements of livestock, the third-stage fecal liquid of 40°SR of beating degree is obtained; The dry matter content of the cow dung in the third-stage fecal liquid is of 5~15 parts of weight, and the moisture content is of 85-95 parts;

[08] (2) The dextran fermentation liquid is obtained by fermentation of leuconostoc mesenteroides on the culture medium;

[09] (3) The slurry with film forming ability is obtained by adding 0.1-1.0 part of weight of dextran fermentation liquid and 0.4-1.0 parts of weight of biomass carbon into the three-stage fecal liquid of 100 parts of weight.

[010] Preferably, in step (1), the specific treatment of the impurity removing by sedimentation is that: the feces containing more than 10% of the mass concentration of fecal dry matter is subject to multi-stage sedimentation for sand removal, and the first stage fecal liquid containing less than 2% of the sand is obtained;

[011] The process of reducing COD and BOD ammonia nitrogen harmful components is that: the primary fecal liquid is subject to solid-liquid separation to obtain the first-stage waster water and the second-stage fecal liquid with water content of 60~80%; the first-stage waste water is subject to anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation to obtain the second-stage waste water of which the harmful components of COD and BOD ammonia nitrogen are reduced;

[012] The specific third-stage fecal liquid is that: the second-stage fecal liquid is dried to obtain the dry dung with 3-5% of water content, and the dry dung is mixed with the second-stage waste water followed by defibrination to obtain the third-stage fecal liquid with the beating degree of 40°SR.

[013] Preferably, in step (1), he livestock feces are feces discharged by herbivorous animals including cattle feces.

[014] Preferably, in step (1), the dung dry matter content in the third-stage fecal liquid is of 5 parts and the water content is of 95 parts; In step (3), the dextran fermentation liquid is of 1.0 part of weight and the biomass carbon is of 0.4 part of weight.

[015] Preferably, in step (1), the dung dry matter content in the third-stage fecal liquid is of 10 parts and the water content is of 90 parts; In step (3), the dextran fermentation liquid is of 0.5 part of weight and the biomass carbon is of 0.7 part of weight.

[016] Preferably, in step (1), the dung dry matter content in the third-stage fecal liquid is of 15 parts and the water content is of 85 parts; In step (3), the dextran fermentation liquid is of 0.1 part of weight and the biomass carbon is of 1.0 part of weight.

[017] Preferably, the step (2) is specifically as follows: the leuconostoc mesenteroides is inoculated in the medium with pH of 7.0 followed by fermentation at °C for 24 hours to obtain the dextran fermentation liquid; The medium comprises the following components according to mass fraction: sucrose of 12.5 parts, corn of 1 part, peptone of 0.1 part, potassium bisulfate of 0.2 part, and water of 86 parts.

[018] The invention further provides the degradable biomass slurry with film forming ability prepared by the above method, which has the characteristics of rapid formation of a high-air-tightness film at normal temperature, and can be gradually degraded into humic acid-like organic fertilizer at about 90 days.

[019] The invention further provides a biomass degradable liquid mulching film, which is formed on the earth's surface or the attachment surface by spraying the degradable biomass slurry.

[020] The invention further provides the application of the biomass degradable liquid mulching film in wind-proof and sand fixation, soil fertilizer, culture of seedlings and moisture preservation.

[021] The invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art:

[022] (1) The invention takes excrement of livestock as the main raw material, the preparation process of the mulching film does not produce secondary pollution, and the preparation process is simple and the cost is low, making it an effective way to realize the resource recycling of agricultural and animal husbandry wastes and reduce the surface source pollution of agricultural and animal husbandry wastes, especially the pollution of plastic mulching film;

[023] (2) The invention has the similar effect of increasing temperature, keeping water, shortening crop growth cycle and increasing yield with the plastic mulching film; The mulching film gradually degrades in 90 days or so, and can meet the demand of water and temperature in seedling stage and fast growing period, and decompose into humic acid organic fertilizer, finally achieving the effect of enriching soil and improving soil;

[024] (3) It is possible to spray the slurry to form the mulching film after sowing, which not only replenishes the soil moisture and improves the seedling rate, but also can ensure the seedling can break the film and come out, without need to remove the seedling manually or to recover the mulching film, and the irrigation times are reduced, thus greatly saving the labor and planting cost;

[025] (4) The method of forming the mulching film by spraying has remarkable effect on wind-proof and sand-fixing operation in the area of larger wind-blown sand, and is suitable for wide-range of application.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[026] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the invention more clearly understood, the following embodiments are described to further elaborate the invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are used only to explain the invention and are not used to limit the invention.

[027] EMBODIMENT 1

[028] (1) The horse dung containing more than 10% of the mass concentration of fecal dry matter was subject to multi-stage sedimentation for sand removal, and the first-stage fecal liquid containing less than 2% of the sand was obtained; The primary fecal liquid was subject to solid-liquid separation to obtain the first-stage waster water and the second-stage fecal liquid with water content of 60%;

[029] The first-stage waste water was subject to anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation to obtain the second-stage waste water of which the harmful components of COD and BOD ammonia nitrogen were reduced; The second-stage fecal liquid was dried to obtain the dry dung with 3% of water content, and the dry dung was mixed with the second-stage waste water followed by defibrination to obtain the third stage fecal liquid with the beating degree of 40°SR; and the cow dung dry matter content in the third-stage fecal liquid was of 8 parts of weight and the water content was of 92 parts;

[030] (2) The leuconostoc mesenteroides was inoculated in the medium with pH of 7.0 followed by fermentation at 25°C for 24 hours to obtain the dextran fermentation liquid; The medium comprised the following components according to mass fraction: sucrose of 12.5 parts, corn of 1 part, peptone of 0.1 part, potassium bisulfate of 0.2 part, and water of 86 parts;

[031] (3) By adding dextran fermentation liquid of 0.7 part of weight and biomass carbon (obtained by carbonization of maize straw, same as follows) of 0.8 part of weight into the third-stage fecal liquid of 100 parts of weight, and by even stirring, the slurry with film forming ability was obtained.

[032] (4) The biomass degradable liquid mulching film 1 attached on soil surface was obtained by spraying slurry directly on soil surface to form the film with the spray car with air compressor.

[033] EMBODIMENT 2

[034] (1) The horse dung containing more than 10% of the mass concentration of fecal dry matter was subject to multi-stage sedimentation for sand removal, and the first-stage fecal liquid containing less than 2% of the sand was obtained; The primary fecal liquid was subject to solid-liquid separation to obtain the first-stage waster water and the second-stage fecal liquid with water content of 60~80%; The first-stage waste water was subject to anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation to obtain the second-stage waste water of which the harmful components of COD and BOD ammonia nitrogen were reduced; The second-stage fecal liquid was dried to obtain the dry dung with 5% of water content, and the dry dung was mixed with the second-stage waste water followed by defibrination to obtain the third-stage fecal liquid with the beating degree of 40°SR; and the cow dung dry matter content in the third-stage fecal liquid was of 15 parts of weight and the water content was of 85 parts;

[035] (2) The leuconostoc mesenteroides was inoculated in the medium with pH of 7.0 followed by fermentation at 25°C for 24 hours to obtain the dextran fermentation liquid; The medium comprised the following components according to mass fraction: sucrose of 12.5 parts, corn of 1 part, peptone of 0.1 part, potassium bisulfate of 0.2 part, and water of 86 parts;

[036] (3) By adding dextran fermentation liquid of 0.1 part of weight and biomass carbon of 1.0 part of weight into the third-stage fecal liquid of 100 parts of weight, and by even stirring, the slurry with film forming ability was obtained.

[037] (4) The biomass degradable liquid mulching film 2 attached on soil surface was obtained by spraying slurry directly on soil surface to form the film with the spray car with air compressor.

[038] EMBODIMENT 3

[039] (1) The horse dung containing more than 10% of the mass concentration of fecal dry matter was subject to multi-stage sedimentation for sand removal, and the first-stage fecal liquid containing less than 2% of the sand was obtained; The primary fecal liquid was subject to solid-liquid separation to obtain thefirst-stage waster water and the second-stage fecal liquid with water content of 60~80%; The first-stage waste water was subject to anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation to obtain the second-stage waste water of which the harmful components of COD and BOD ammonia nitrogen were reduced; The second-stage fecal liquid was dried to obtain the dry dung with 3.5% of water content, and the dry dung was mixed with the second-stage waste water followed by defibrination to obtain the third-stage fecal liquid with the beating degree of 40°SR; and the cow dung dry matter content in the third-stage fecal liquid was of 5 parts of weight and the water content was of 95 parts;

[040] (2) The leuconostoc mesenteroides was inoculated in the medium with pH of 7.0 followed by fermentation at 25°C for 24 hours to obtain the dextran fermentation liquid; The medium comprised the following components according to mass fraction: sucrose of 12.5 parts, corn of 1 part, peptone of 0.1 part, potassium bisulfate of 0.2 part, and water of 86 parts;

[041] (3) By adding dextran fermentation liquid of 1.0 part of weight and biomass carbon of 0.4 part of weight into the third-stage fecal liquid of 100 parts of weight, and by even stirring, the slurry withfilm forming ability was obtained.

[042] (4) The biomass degradable liquid mulching film 3 attached on soil surface was obtained by spraying slurry directly on soil surface to form the film with the spray car with air compressor.

[043] EMBODIMENT 4

[044] (1) The horse dung containing more than 10% of the mass concentration of fecal dry matter was subject to multi-stage sedimentation for sand removal, and the first-stage fecal liquid containing less than 2% of the sand was obtained; The primary fecal liquid was subject to solid-liquid separation to obtain thefirst-stage waster water and the second-stage fecal liquid with water content of 60~80%; The first-stage waste water was subject to anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation to obtain the second-stage waste water of which the harmful components of COD and BOD ammonia nitrogen were reduced; The second-stage fecal liquid was dried to obtain the dry dung with 3.5% of water content, and the dry dung was mixed with the second-stage waste water followed by defibrination to obtain the third-stage fecal liquid with the beating degree of 40°SR; and the cow dung dry matter content in the third-stage fecal liquid was of 10 parts of weight and the water content was of 90 parts;

[045] (2) The leuconostoc mesenteroides was inoculated in the medium with pH of 7.0 followed by fermentation at 25°C for 24 hours to obtain the dextran fermentation liquid; The medium comprised the following components according to mass fraction: sucrose of 12.5 parts, corn of 1 part, peptone of 0.1 part, potassium bisulfate of 0.2 part, and water of 86 parts;

[046] (3) By adding dextran fermentation liquid of 0.5 part of weight and biomass carbon of 0.7 part of weight into the third-stage fecal liquid of 100 parts of weight, and by even stirring, the slurry withfilm forming ability was obtained.

[047] (4) The biomass degradable liquid mulching film 4 attached on soil surface was obtained by spraying slurry directly on soil surface to form the film with the spray car with air compressor.

[048] EMBODIMENT 5

[049] (1) The horse dung containing more than 10% of the mass concentration of fecal dry matter was subject to multi-stage sedimentation for sand removal, and the first-stage fecal liquid containing less than 2% of the sand was obtained; The primary fecal liquid was subject to solid-liquid separation to obtain thefirst-stage waster water and the second-stage fecal liquid with water content of 60~80%; The first-stage waste water was subject to anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation to obtain the second-stage waste water of which the harmful components of COD and BOD ammonia nitrogen were reduced; The second-stage fecal liquid was dried to obtain the dry dung with 3.5% of water content, and the dry dung was mixed with the second-stage waste water followed by defibrination to obtain the third-stage fecal liquid with the beating degree of 40°SR; and the cow dung dry matter content in the third-stage fecal liquid was of 15 parts of weight and the water content was of 85 parts;

[050] (2) The leuconostoc mesenteroides was inoculated in the medium with pH of 7.0 followed by fermentation at 25°C for 24 hours to obtain the dextran fermentation liquid; The medium comprised the following components according to mass fraction: sucrose of 12.5 parts, corn of 1 part, peptone of 0.1 part, potassium bisulfate of 0.2 part, and water of 86 parts;

[051] (3) By adding dextran fermentation liquid of0.1 part of weight and biomass carbon of 1.0 part of weight into the third-stage fecal liquid of 100 parts of weight, and by even stirring, the slurry with film forming ability was obtained.

[052] (4) The biomass degradable liquid mulching film 5 attached on soil surface was obtained by spraying slurry directly on soil surface to form the film with the spray car with air compressor.

[053] Effect embodiment

[054] The biomass degradable liquid mulching film 3-5 of the embodiments mentioned above was used as the direct test object, and the results were as follows:

[055] The appearance of biomass degradable liquid mulching film 3 was grayish brown, the viscosity was 215 mPa-S, and the pH was 6.3. The penetration rate of seedlings was 87%. The tensile load after film forming was 1.9 N, the elongation ratio at break was 180%, and the coverage period was 92 days. The data showed that the penetration rate of seedlings reached 87%, and the degradation was started after 92 days, which could completely meet the need of temperature and humidity of crops in early growth and prosperous period, saving labor and fertilizing the soil when the liquid mulching film was degraded into the humus.

[056] The appearance of biomass degradable liquid mulching film 4 was gray black, the viscosity was 186 mPa-S, and pH was 6.7. The penetration rate of seedlings was 93%. The tensile load after film forming was 2.2N, the elongation ratio at break was 153%, and the coverage period was 83 days. The data showed that the penetration rate of seedlings reached 93% and the degradation was started after 83 days, which could meet the need of temperature and humidity of crops in early growth period and prosperous period, saving labor and fertilizing the soil when the liquid mulching film was degraded into the humus.

[057] The appearance of biomass degradable liquid mulching film 5 was black, the viscosity was 127 mPa-S, and pH was 7.1. The penetration rate of seedlings was 98%. The tensile load after film forming was 2.7N, the elongation ratio at break was 135%, and the coverage period was 75 days. The data showed that the penetration rate of seedlings reached 98% and the degradation was started after 75 days, which could meet the need of temperature and humidity of crops in early growth period and prosperous period, saving labor and fertilizing the soil when the liquid mulching film was degraded into the humus.

[058] In general in the biomass degradable liquid mulching film 3-5, the addition of cow dung plays an important role in the viscosity of liquid film and the tensile load after film forming; The dextran liquid has a great influence on the viscosity of liquid film, the elongation ratio at break, the penetration rate of seedling and the effective period of coverage; and the biomass carbon is related to the color of liquid film.

[059] Although the invention has been described with reference to specific examples, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in many other forms, in keeping with the broad principles and the spirit of the invention described herein.

[060] The present invention and the described embodiments specifically include the best method known to the applicant of performing the invention. The present invention and the described preferred embodiments specifically include at least one feature that is industrially applicable

Claims

THE CLAIMS DEFINING THE INVENTION ARE AS FOLLOWS:

1. The preparation method of a degradable biomass slurry, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

(1) After removing impurities by sedimentation, reducing COD, BOD ammonia nitrogen harmful components and grinding, respectively, to the excrements of livestock, the third-stage fecal liquid of 40°SR of beating degree is obtained; The dry matter content of the cow dung in the third-stage fecal liquid is of 5-15 parts of weight, and the moisture content is of 85-95 parts;

(2) The dextran fermentation liquid is obtained by fermentation of leuconostoc mesenteroides on the culture medium;

(3) The degradable biomass slurry is obtained by adding 0.1~1.0 part of weight of dextran fermentation liquid and 0.4-1.0 parts of weight of biomass carbon into the three-stage fecal liquid of 100 parts of weight.

2. The preparation method of the degradable biomass slurry, as described in Claim 1, is characterized in that in step (1), the specific treatment of the impurity removing by sedimentation is that: the feces containing more than 10% of the mass concentration of fecal dry matter is subject to multi-stage sedimentation for sand removal, and the first-stage fecal liquid containing less than 2% of the sand is obtained;

The process of reducing COD and BOD ammonia nitrogen harmful components is that: the primary fecal liquid is subject to solid-liquid separation to obtain the first-stage waster water and the second-stage fecal liquid with water content of 60~80%; the first stage waste water is subject to anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation to obtain the second-stage waste water of which the harmful components of COD and BOD ammonia nitrogen are reduced;

The specific third-stage fecal liquid is that: the second-stage fecal liquid is dried to obtain the dry dung with 3~5% of water content, and the dry dung is mixed with the second-stage waste water followed by defibrination to obtain the third-stage fecal liquid with the beating degree of 40°SR.

3. The preparation method of the degradable biomass slurry, as described in Claim 1, is characterized in that in step (1), the livestock feces are feces discharged by herbivorous animals including cattle feces.

4. The preparation method of the degradable biomass slurry, as described in Claim 1, is characterized in that in step (1), the dung dry matter content in the third stage fecal liquid is of 5 parts and the water content is of 95 parts; In step (3), the dextran fermentation liquid is of 1.0 part of weight and the biomass carbon is of 0.4 part of weight.

5. The preparation method of the degradable biomass slurry, as described in Claim 1, is characterized in that in step (1), the dung dry matter content in the third-stage fecal liquid is of 10 parts and the water content is of 90 parts; In step (3), the dextran fermentation liquid is of 0.5 part of weight and the biomass carbon is of 0.7 part of weight.

6. The preparation method of the degradable biomass slurry, as described in Claim 1, is characterized in that in step (1), the dung dry matter content in the third-stage fecal liquid is of 15 parts and the water content is of 85 parts; In step (3), the dextran fermentation liquid is of 0.1 part of weight and the biomass carbon is of 1.0 part of weight.

7. The preparation method of the degradable biomass slurry, as described in Claim 1, is characterized in that the step (2) is specifically as follows: the leuconostoc mesenteroides is inoculated in the medium with pH of 7.0 followed by fermentation at °C for 24 hours to obtain the dextran fermentation liquid; The medium comprises the following components according to mass fraction: sucrose of 12.5 parts, corn of 1 part, peptone of 0.1 part, potassium bisulfate of 0.2 part, and water of 86 parts.

8. The degradable biomass slurry with film-forming capacity prepared by the method as described in any of Claims 1-7.

9. A biomass degradable liquid mulching film, which is characterized in that the mulching film is formed on the earth's surface or the attachment surface by spraying the degradable biomass slurry as described in Claim 8.

10. Application of biomass degradable liquid mulching film as described in Claim 9 of wind control and sand fixation, soil fertilizer, culture of seedlings and moisture preservation.