AU2018332058A1

AU2018332058A1 - Irrigation system

Info

Publication number: AU2018332058A1
Application number: AU2018332058A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Sayyed Ahmad FANI YAZDI; Axel Schulze
Original assignee: Hugo Petersen GmbH
Current assignee: Hugo Petersen GmbH
Priority date: 2017-09-14
Filing date: 2018-09-14
Publication date: 2020-04-02
Anticipated expiration: 2038-09-14
Also published as: WO2019053197A1; KR102598750B1; PE20201273A1; BR112020004491A2; DE202017105557U1; KR20200053574A; AU2018332058B2; MA50237A; EP3681613A1; CL2020000660A1; MX2020002893A

Abstract

The aim of the invention is to develop the possibility of distributing a liquid over packed-tower packing, which distribution minimises the occurring drop formation using simple means. This aim is achieved, according to the invention, by means of an irrigation system (10) comprising at least one apparatus (1) for distributing a stream of fluid over a width B, said apparatus comprising at least one device (2) for supplying the fluid, at least one distribution arm (3) having at least one first chamber (31) and at least one second chamber (32), which is arranged downstream of the first chamber (31) in the flow direction S of the fluid, a perforated plate (4) being arranged between the first and the second chamber, and the second chamber (32) comprising an outlet wall (34), there being at least one, preferably a plurality of, outlet slots (5) in the outlet wall (34), and the apparatus (1) comprising a guide surface (6) which, during operation, is struck by fluid that is exiting the outlet slots (5) and that is poured out of the distributor arm (3).

Description

Sprinkling System

The invention relates to a device for distributing the liquid over a packing in a gas-liquid-contact apparatus as falling film distributor in such a way that no primary pressure exists when the liquid exits from the distributor, which, in turn, minimizes the drop formation of the liquid very strongly or eliminates it completely, respectively.

In the industrial fluid distribution on packing packs, the liquid is distributed on the packing of a packing bed by means of a device. The liquid can thereby contain dissolved and/or dispersed gas or gas compositions, respectively. The liquid can additionally or alternatively contain at least one further dissolved and/or dispersed liquid and/or at least one dissolved and/or dispersed solid material. The term fluid will also be used hereinafter for liquids or material systems of this type, respectively. A fluid of this type is, for example, sulfuric acid. Sulfuric acid plants are a main application area for this invention.

In front of the exit for the liquid from the device, these devices for distributing the fluid have a primary liquid pressure, which increases the speed of the acid, which causes a drop formation and stresses the filter, which is connected downstream, due to the introduced drops, which are created as a result of the tear-off of the drops. In a sulfuric acid contact plant, the entrained fine drops can overload the filter systems, which are connected downstream, and can cause significant corrosion.

It is an object of the invention to develop a device for distributing the liquid on the packing pack, which using simple means minimizes or, to an extent as large as possible, eliminates the resulting drop formation, respectively.

According to the invention, this object is solved in a surprisingly simple manner by means of a sprinkling system in particular for packing packs, comprising at least one device for distributing a fluid stream to a respective width, with at least one device for supplying the fluid, at least one distributor arm comprising a first chamber and a second chamber, which is arranged downstream from the first chamber in the direction of flow of the fluid, wherein a perforated plate 4 is arranged between the first and the second chamber, and wherein the second chamber has an exit wall, wherein at least one exit slot, preferably a plurality of exit slots, are present in the exit wall, and wherein the device comprises a guide surface, onto which fluid, which exits from the exit slots during operation, impinges and is poured out of the distributor arm.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the distributor arm comprises a lid, which delimits the first chamber to the top, and a bottom, which delimits the first chamber to the bottom and which is simultaneously the lid of the second chamber, which delimits the latter to the top. Thereby, the invention enables an essentially and, according to the function as distributor arm for a fluid, closed construction of the distributor arm. Except for the device for supplying the fluid into the first chamber and the exit slots in the one exit wall of the second chamber, the device, thus, has a distributor arm which is closed completely to the outside, in an advantageous further embodiment. For this purpose, the first chamber and the second chamber can furthermore be delimited jointly on one side by means of a side wall, which extends from the lid of the first chamber to a bottom of the second chamber.

In particular, on the side located opposite to the side wall, the first chamber is delimited by a side wall, which extends from the lid of the first chamber to the bottom of the first chamber, wherein, on the side located opposite to the side wall, the second chamber is delimited by the exit wall, in which the exit slots are located, and wherein the side wall of the first chamber transitions into the guide surface, viewed from the direction of its extension, starting at the lid downstream from the bottom. The invention thereby provides a structurally simple construction, which allows for producing a distributor arm for the device, for example essentially solely of planar plates by means of buckling or bending, respectively, and attaching a straight welding seam. The invention creates a further option for a simple production in that the distributor arm is embodied in the manner of a pipe, which has in particular a circular cross section.

To support a uniform distribution of the fluid which enters the first chamber as liquid film on the bottom of the first chamber, the distributor arm comprises, in an advantageous further embodiment of the invention, a region located opposite to the device, viewed in the direction of flow of the fluid, which enters through the device or the supply, respectively, and which does not comprise any holes and is in particular formed as stopping plate for the fluid below the supply, which flows in during operation, wherein the region is in particular an integral part of the bottom of the first chamber.

In an advantageous further embodiment of the invention, the uniform distribution of the fluid in the chambers of the distributor arm can be supported in that the distributor arm comprises at least one gas outlet, wherein at least one venting pipe is positioned in particular in the lid of the first chamber. In the context of the invention, the distributor arm can additionally or alternatively comprise at least one venting device located on the inside of the distributor arm, wherein at least one venting pipe is positioned between the first chamber and the second chamber in particular in the bottom of the first chamber.

A steady supply of the fluid for example into a packing pack in the form of a liquid film and not as drops is supported in a reliable manner in that, in an advantageous further embodiment of the invention, the second chamber comprises only one exit wall through which fluid can leave the second chamber during operation of the device.

Further risks of known sprinkling systems are plugging caused by ceramic particles, that is, splintering from packing material. Systems of this type are dimensioned by means of diameters of bores in the distributor arms or diameters of distributor pipes, respectively, as a function of the acid flow rate. This does not apply for a sprinkling system according to the invention. The dimensioning of the size of the openings in the perforated plate as well as of the exit slots is thereby independent from the flow rate of the fluid and is dimensioned according to the maximum particle size in liquid stream appearing during operation. In the context of the invention, these risks caused by plugging can be prevented in that in an advantageous embodiment of the device, the diameter of the openings of the perforated plate is at least 4 mm and/or that the dimensions of the exit slots are larger than those of the openings in the perforated plate. This will be discussed in more detail further below.

In an advantageous further embodiment of the invention, the device can furthermore also be provided with at least one outlet port. For this purpose, it is in particular provided that an outlet port, which is in particular dimensioned to be larger than the openings of the perforated plate, is positioned on the bottom of the second chamber.

The invention can in particular be used for the following preferred fields of application:

• for the distribution of the sulfuric acid in drying tower • for the distribution of the sulfuric acid in absorption towers • for the distribution of aqueous H2O2 solutions in chemisorption towers • for the distribution of the water or process water, respectively, in the quench tower • for the distribution of the brine/acid in chemisorption towers

The invention is generally suitable for distributing any liquid media, in particular to packing packs. The invention provides the advantage that the device for distributing a fluid stream on a packing pack forms a film of the fluid, in particular of the liquid, and the formation of drops is prevented essentially completely. The invention achieves this by means of a structurally extremely simple construction, which makes it possible to produce the device, for example essentially solely of planar plates, by means of buckling or bending, respectively, and attaching of a straight welding seam. A machine production is thus made possible, in particular by using robots, in particular for the welding. Openings or holes, respectively, in the plates can be punched mechanically as well as manually.

The invention furthermore provides a distributor arm and a perforated plate for an above-described sprinkling system. A sprinkling system of this type is particularly suitable for the fluid distribution to a packing pack, in particular in response to the sulfuric acid synthesis.

The invention is illustrated in more detail on the enclosed drawings by means of exemplary embodiments. Identical and similar components are thereby provided with the same reference numerals, wherein the features of the different exemplary embodiments can be combined with one another, in which

Figure 1 shows a sprinkling system 10 or falling film fluid distributor, respectively, according to the invention,

Figure 2 shows a schematic illustration of an embodiment of a distributor arm 3 for the sprinkling system 10 or the falling film fluid distributor, respectively, in a partially broken perspective illustration,

Figure 3 shows a schematic lateral illustration of a distributor arm for the sprinkling system or the falling film fluid distributor, respectively, according to an embodiment of the invention in the cross section,

Figure 4 shows a schematic illustration of a further embodiment of a distributor arm in a partially broken perspective illustration,

Figure 5 shows a schematic lateral illustration of a distributor arm of the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 4 in the cross section,

Figure 6 shows a schematic perspective illustration of a distributor arm in a further embodiment of the invention,

Figure 7 shows a schematic perspective illustration of a distributor arm in a further embodiment of the invention,

Figure 8 shows a schematic perspective illustration of a distributor arm in a further embodiment of the invention comprising a lateral fluid supply,

Figure 9A shows a schematic perspective illustration of a distributor arm in a variation of the invention,

Figure 9B shows a schematic perspective illustration of a distributor arm in a further variation of the invention,

Figure 10 shows a schematic illustration of variations of the exit slot shapes,

Figure 11 shows a schematic illustration of variations of the bores in the perforated plate,

Figure 12 shows a schematic and functional illustration of the fluid flow in a distributor arm of a sprinkling system according to an embodiment of the invention in the cross section,

Figure 13A shows a schematic and functional illustration of the fluid flow in a distributor arm of a sprinkling system according to a further embodiment of the invention in a partially broken-open perspective illustration,

Figure 13B shows a schematic and functional illustration of the fluid flow in a distributor arm of a sprinkling system according to the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 13A in the cross section.

Figure 14 shows a from DE

Figure 15 shows a from US

Figure 16 shows a from US

Figure 17 shows a from US known device for the

2007 035639 B3, known device for the

20040182013 Al, known device for the

5906773 A, known device for the

5439620 A, fluid distribution fluid distribution fluid distribution fluid distribution

Figures 18 and 19 show schematic illustrations of embodiments according to the invention comprising preferred operating parameters,

Figure 20 shows a schematic illustration of a further embodiment of a distributor arm in a partially broken-open perspective illustration comprising venting to the outside,

Figure 21 shows a schematic illustration of a further embodiment of a distributor arm in a partially broken-open perspective illustration comprising an internal pressure compensation.

Figure 1 shows a sprinkling system 10 or falling film fluid distributor, respectively, according to the invention. In the shown example, the sprinkling system 10 comprises eight devices 1. The sprinkling system 10 furthermore comprises a supply device 100, which, in the shown example, comprises a pipeline 120, which is arranged transversely to the longitudinal extension 12 of the devices 1 and which is connected to a supply line 150. As illustrated in Figure 1, the sprinkling system 10 can be easily placed onto the upper edge of the wall (brick lining) 8 of the plant component in an advantageous manner, which contains the packing bed 7, which is to be wetted. A further fastening is not necessary. The invention thus provides for a significant cost reduction as compared to arrangements, which require separate fastening or mounting means, respectively.

In a plant, in which a sprinkling system according to the invention is used, in the illustration in Figure 1, below the sprinkling system 10 the packing bed 7 could be arranged through which in particular a gaseous fluid flows from the bottom to the top during operation (compare Figure 18). Following the sprinkling system in the direction of flow thereof, the roof of the plant could be positioned thereabove, in which filters, in particular cartridge filters, are positioned for separating liquid or other media. Even in the case of a filter malfunction, the risk of corrosion for following plant parts is explicitely low with the help of the invention, because no drops of the fluid, which is supplied by means of the sprinkling system via the device(s) 1, are present which drops can be entrained by a gas.

A sieve is often attached in a plant part containing a packing bed, for example for retaining fragments of damaged packing. In particular in the case of ceramic packing beds, however, particles can be present as fragments, which are so small that they can plug the openings of conventional moistening devices (fluid distribution devices). In the case of known moistening devices, liquids are often applied to the packing bed via openings of relatively thin pipes. Openings of this type can be plugged by the fragments of the packing.

The sprinkling system 10 according to Figure 1 according to the invention is suitable in particular for packing packs and comprises at least one device 1 for distributing a fluid stream to a width B with at least one device 2 for supplying the fluid, at least one distributor arm 3 comprising a first chamber 31 and a second chamber 32, which is arranged downstream from the first chamber in the direction of flow S of the fluid, wherein a perforated plate 4 is arranged between the first and the second chamber, and wherein the second chamber 31 has an exit wall 34, wherein at least one exit slot 5, preferably a plurality of exit slots 5, are present in the exit wall 34, and wherein the device 1 comprises a guide surface 6, onto which fluid which exits from the exit slots 5 during operation, impinges and is poured out of the distributor arm 3. Devices 1 comprising the above-mentioned features are illustrated in more detail in embodiments in the further figures. For the sake of clarity, only one of a plurality of exit slots is thereby denominated with reference number 5.

For example, in case of sulfuric acid synthesis, the amount of acid corresponds to the hole area, for the invention in particular to the entire cross sectional area of the exit slots 5. With a predetermined amount of acid per flownthrough cross sectional area of the packing pack and given number of pipes as well as holes, the diameter of the holes in the pipes, from which the liquid drops then fall onto the packing pack, results from the amount of acid. A plugging then leads to an extremely unreliable mode of operation, because the uniform moistening cannot be ensured any longer.

In contrast, with the help of the invention the size of openings can be determined independently of the amount of acid. This is caused by how the second chamber 32 of the device 1 cooperates with the first chamber 31. Figure 2 shows a schematic illustration of an embodiment of a distributor arm 3 for the sprinkling system 10 or the falling film fluid distributor, respectively, in a partially broken perspective illustration.

The distributor arm 3 has a supply device 2 for the fluid which is to be distributed. Further, according to a first embodiment, the distributor arm comprises a lid 36, which delimits the first chamber 31 to the top (see Figures 2, 2A, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9B, 12, and 18 to 21, see in particular Figure 3). The first chamber is delimited to the bottom by means of a bottom 40. The bottom 40 of the first chamber 31 is simultaneously the lid of the second chamber 32. First and second chamber are delimited jointly on one side by means of a side wall 35, which extends from the lid 36 of the first chamber 31 to the bottom 33 of the second chamber

32. On the side located opposite to the side wall 35, the first chamber 31 is delimited by a side wall 37, which extends from the lid 36 of the first chamber 31 to the bottom 40 of the first chamber. On the side located opposite to the side wall 35, the second chamber 32 is delimited by the exit wall 34, in which the exit slots 5 are located. The side wall 37 of the first chamber 31 transitions into the guide surface 6, viewed from the direction of its extension, starting at the lid 36 downstream from the bottom 40. A distance D_aus exists between the guide surface 6 and the exit wall 34 of the second chamber 32.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the distributor arm 3 is formed in the manner of a pipe, which has, for example, a circular cross section. While the abovedescribed embodiment can also be produced automatically in a simple manner by bending plates, the round alternative of the distributor arm, which will be described below, can likewise be produced in a simple manner by inserting a bottom 400 into a pipe and by attaching the guide surface 600. This further embodiment of the invention is shown in Figures 4, 5, 13A and 13B.

The functions of the lid 36, of the side wall 35, of the bottom 33, of the exit wall 34, and of the side wall 37 are taken over by regions of the pipe wall located on the top, on the side, and on the bottom. The regions 350 for the side wall located opposite to the exit slots 5, which are located in the region 340 according to the exit wall 34, are shown in the figures in an exemplary manner. In this embodiment, due to the bent, in particular round shaping, the distance D_aus between the region 340 comprising the exit slots 5 and the guide surface 600 is a function of the distance x from the fastening point 610, at which the guide surface 600 starts to extend out of the pipe of the distributor arm 3 (see Figure 5).

The fluid enters into the first chamber 31 through the device 2 for supplying said fluid (see also Figure 3). The bottom 40 of the first chamber 31 comprises at least one perforated plate 4. The perforated plate 4 is the region of the bottom 40, in which holes or openings 45, respectively, are arranged. For the sake of clarity, only one of a plurality of openings is thereby provided with reference number 45.

Viewed in the direction of flow S (see also Figures 9B, 13A, 19, 20, and 21) of the fluid flowing in through the device 2, the bottom 40 does not have any holes in the region 42 located opposite to the device 2 in the shown exemplary embodiment. In other words, the device 1 can thus have a stopping plate below the supply 2. A stopping plate of this type in the form of the region 42 located opposite to the device 2 for supplying the fluid can be an integral part of the bottom 40 of the first chamber 31. The at least one perforated plate 4 can also be an integral part of the bottom 40 of the first chamber 31. Due to the fact that the bottom 40 does not have any holes in the region 42, the fluid flowing in during operation of the device 1 is distributed to the outside in the first chamber 31.

The openings 45 in the perforated plate 4 serve for the distribution of the liquid over the entire length of the device 1. During operation of the device 1, a uniform liquid film Fl is created in the first chamber 31 upstream of the fluid supply into the second chamber 32 (see Figures 12, 13B, and 18). From this, the fluid falls into the second chamber 32. It thereby enters into the second chamber 32 in particular in a region, which is located opposite to the region in which exit slots 5 are arranged in the outer wall of the second chamber 32. A uniform liquid film F2 is also created in the second chamber 32 upstream of the fluid outlet through the exit slots 5 towards the guide surface 6, 600 in the operating state of the device 1.

By means of the exit slots 5 in one of the two lateral outer walls of the second chamber 32, the respective wall becomes the exit wall 34. According to the invention, the second chamber 32 has only one exit wall 34 of this type, through which fluid can leave the second chamber 32 during operation of the device 1. The distributor arm 3 according to the invention has openings to the outside only by means of the device 2 for supplying the fluid into the first chamber 31 and by means of the exit slots 5 in the one exit wall 34 of the second chamber 32.

Except for the device 2 for supplying the fluid into the first chamber 31 and the exit slots 5 in the one exit wall of the second chamber 32, the distributor arm 3 according to the invention is set-up completely closed to the outside, in particular quasi in the manner of a box or pipe, respectively, and, viewed in its longitudinal direction 12, is thereby divided on the inside into at least two chambers 31, 32, which are connected to one another via openings 45 (see also Figure 3, Figure 5). The shape of the distributor arm 3 in the manner of a box, which is closed on the outside, is shown, for example, in

Figures 2, 2A, 3, 6 to 8, 9B, 12, as well as 18 to 21. The shape of the distributor arm 3 in the manner of a pipe, which is closed on the outside, is shown, for example, in

Figures 4, 5, 13A, and 13B. Both alternatives can also be combined with one another, which is illustrated by means of the embodiment shown in Figure 9A.

The, thus, shape of the distributor arm 3 according to the invention essentially closed to the outside, is also shown in external views of Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9A. The distributor arm 3 does not have an opening in the side wall of the distributor arm 3, which, in relation to the longitudinal direction 12 thereof, is located opposite to the side comprising the exit wall 34.

The exit slots 5 in the embodiment shown in Figure 2 each have In their outline essentially the shape of the letter Y, wherein the upper region thereof is open between the two legs as triangular area. The exit slots 5 are positioned in the exit wall 34 of the second chamber 32 with their perpendicular end, quasi the base of the Y, towards the bottom. According to a further alternative of the invention, the exit slots 5 according to the embodiment shown in Figure 2A each have the shape of an isosceles triangle and are positioned in the exit wall 34 of the second chamber 32 with their tip towards the bottom. Further alternatives of shapes of the exit slots 5 according to the invention are illustrated schematically in Figure 10.

The exit slots 5 are dimensioned to be significantly larger than the openings of the perforated plate 4.

The openings in the perforated plate 4 or the exit slots 5 according to the invention, respectively, cannot be plugged by the fragments detaching from the packing pack, because, on the one hand, these particles should not reach up to these openings due to the construction in particular during operation of the device 1. On the other hand, the openings are dimensioned to be sufficiently large. The holes in the perforated plate 4 are selected, for example, to have a diameter, which is about 150% larger than the largest particle in the closed system of the plant, into which the device 1 is installed. In the case of typical packing beds, the diameter of the openings 45 of the perforated plate 4 can in particular be at least 4 mm.

The dimensions of the exit slots 5 are preferably larger than those of the openings in the perforated plate 4. The perforated plate 4 can be replaced completely or partially, respectively, by a wire mesh. As a wire mesh, a material is understood which is made of one or a plurality of wires and which has openings in the manner of loops in a mesh or meshwork. The permeability function of the perforated plate 4 is thus maintained, but structural design is varied, when structural or procedural, as well as financial aspects of the apparatus can be optimized thereby.

A further embodiment of the invention is illustrated schematically in Figure 2A by means of an illustration, which is partially broken open in the longitudinal direction 12 in a plane perpendicular through the device 1. The supply 2, the first chamber 31, the perforated plate 4, the second chamber 32, and the exit slots 5 thereof can be seen. In the shown example, the openings 45 of the perforated plate 4 between first and second chamber have a rectangular profile. In the shown embodiment, a plurality of openings 45 is arranged next to one another aligned with their outer sides by forming a plurality of rows, wherein the openings, which are quasi arranged on top of one another in adjacent rows, are also aligned with one another with their outer sides.

This design is not mandatory. In the context of the invention, the shape of the openings 45 as well as the relative arrangement of the openings 45 to one another can be varied. Shape, size, and relative arrangement of the openings relative to one another can thus be adapted, for example, to the flow behavior and the required operational capacity of the fluid, which is distributed via the device

1. As further example for the formation of a perforated plate 4, in Figures 2, 4, 9B, and 13A an arrangement is shown comprising elongate openings 45, which have a rounded, in particular circular contour, on their narrow sides. In Figure 2, additionally an arrangement of the openings 45 in the perforated plate 4 is illustrated aligned in rows next to one another and quasi offset on top of one another. Further shapes for the openings 45 are illustrated schematically in Figure 11.

An outlet port 320 is positioned on the bottom of the second chamber, as illustrated in Figure 2A, 20, and 21. The outlet port 320 can in particular be arranged in the center in the bottom of the second chamber 32 of the distributor arm 3. The outlet port is preferably arranged in the region of the transition of the exit wall 34 into the bottom 33 of the second chamber 32. The outlet port 320 is also dimensioned to be larger than the openings of the perforated plate 4. It provides for an essentially complete discharge of the device 1, which can be important, for example, in case of a plant comprising a sprinkling system according to the invention is taken out of service for remodeling or maintenance work.

In the case of the known sprinkling system illustrated in Figure 14, an even sprinkling along the distributor arm through the one liquid chamber thereof takes place at a low speed of the exiting liquid. The formation of small drops is avoided thereby. In the context of the invention, the free passage area for gas is approximately between 65 and 80% of the total area. However, the large disadvantage of this is that there is an increased plugging risk due to the small hole diameter and gaps in particular in the case of low sprinkling rates.

A known device for the fluid distribution from

US 20040182013 Al is shown in Figure 15. A known device for the fluid distribution from US 5906773 A is shown in Figure

16. A known device for the fluid distribution from

US 5439620 A is shown in Figure 17.

Operating parameters, which are preferred for embodiments according to the invention, are specified in Figures 18 and

19. The speed of the fluid supply in and through the device 2 for supplying the fluid is in the range of between 0.5 m/s and 3 m/s and is preferably 2 m/s. The dimensioning of the distributor arm is thereby preferably set in such a way that in the case of a speed of the fluid supply in and through of preferably 2 m/s, the speed in the flow in the film Fl in the first chamber 31 is in the range of between 0.25 m/s and 3 m/s and is preferably 1 m/s. The speed at which the fluid passes through the openings 45 of the perforated plate 4 is in the range of between 0.2 m/s and 1 m/s and is preferably 0.5 m/s.

Further, the dimensioning of the distributor arm is thereby preferably set in such a way that in the case of the abovedescribed values, the speed in the flow in the film F2 in the second chamber 32 in a direction essentially parallel to the bottom 33 towards the exit wall 34 is in the range of between 0.2 m/s and 1 m/s and is preferably 0.5 m/s. The exit speed of the fluid out of the exit slots 5 is in the range of between 0.05 m/s and 0.4 m/s and is preferably 0.2 m/ s .

The guide surface 6 is illustrated in Figure 18 in relation to a packing bed 7. In the context of the invention, it is also possible to embody the guide surface 6 with an projection 65, as shown in Figure 18. The angle a (alpha) between an projection 65 of this type and the remaining guide surface 6 can be selected so as to be adapted to the special application, depending on the operating conditions. The projection 65 can, for example, be attached to the guide surface in such a way that it runs essentially perpendicular, in particular parallel, to the side walls of the chambers 31 and 32 (see for example Figure 3). The supply of the fluid onto or into the packing pack, respectively, can thus be set when using the device.

Further embodiments of the invention are illustrated in Figures 20 and 21, in the case of which the distributor arm has at least one gas outlet.

In the variant illustrated in Figure 20, for this purpose two venting pipes 311 are positioned in the lid 36 of the first chamber 31. In this case, except for the device 2 for supplying the fluid into the first chamber 31 and the exit slots 5 in the one exit wall 34 of the second chamber 32 and the venting pipes 311, the device 1 has a distributor arm 3 which is closed completely to the outside. In the shown example, the venting pipes 311 are positioned at the distal ends of the distributor arm 3 with respect to the device 2 for supplying the fluid.

These venting pipes 311, which are located on the outside on the distributor arm 3, ensure that the fluid is distributed into the entire distributor arm 3 and no gas remains in the chamber 31 during operation of the device 1. In addition, a certain primary pressure can be ensured in the distributor arm 3 by varying the length of the pipe 311, measured starting at the lid 36 (thus to the top in the figure), during operation in response to a possibly slight outflow of the fluid from the venting pipe 311. For this purpose, the fluid can be supplied through the device 2 in a pressurized manner.

A further variant of the invention provides for a vent located on the inside of the distributor arm 3. One example for this is illustrated in Figure 21. Two venting pipes 321 are thereby positioned between the first chamber 31 and the second chamber 32 in the bottom 40 of the first chamber. In the shown example, said venting pipes are located at the distal ends of the distributor arm 3 with respect to the device 2 for supplying the fluid. During operation, a pressure compensation can be ensured in the upper chamber and lower chamber in the gas phase by means of an internal pressure compensation of this type by means of the pipes 321 located in the distributor arm 3 between first chamber 31 and second chamber 32, which, in turn, signifies a slight positive pressure in the fluid phase. This slight positive pressure causes a uniform fluid exit into the lower chamber 32. In addition, when the liquid film Fl overflows the pressure compensating pipe 321 in the first chamber 31, the excess fluid is captured in the lower chamber 32.

The device 1 according to the invention is also named as fall film distributor (FFD). In contrast to known trough systems, deflection plate systems, and pipe distributors, the device according to the invention, as fall film distributor, provides for a uniform sprinkling along the distributor arm through the liquid chamber thereof, which comprises the first and second chamber, with the lowest speed of the exiting liquid - for example the acid inlet speed in sulfuric acid synthesis - of all of today's known systems due to the solely gravity actuated mode of operation. The formation of small droplets is thus avoided. In addition, there is no plugging risk, because the smallest dimension is at least 50% larger than the screening gap. In the context of the invention, the free passage surface for the gas preferably lies at between approximately 65 and 80% of the total area of the device 1.

In contrast, the sprinkling in the case of pipe distributors does not take place uniformly, but locally through holes along the pipes on both sides thereof. The liquid inlet speed is approximately 1 m/sec or more through internal pressure, and a small portion of small droplets is formed. Due to the small hole diameter, there is a high plugging risk.

In the case of trough systems, the sprinkling takes place along evenly distributed pipes over the packing surface.

Due to the small liquid column in the trough, the liquid inlet speed is low and the formation of small droplets is avoided. Due to the small trough diameter, however, there is an increased plugging risk. Additionally, the free passage area for gas here is only between approximately 45 and 60% of the total area.

In the case of deflection plate systems, more than 50% of the sprinkling takes place above the uppermost region of the packing. The liquid inlet speed remains at approximately 1 to 2 m/sec due to the internal pressure. A large amount of small droplets is formed here by the deflection, which necessitates a low gas speed. Due to the reduced hole diameters, there is an increased plugging risk at small sprinkling rates. The free passage area for the gas additionally is only at approximately 55% of the total area here.

It is obvious to the person skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the above-described examples, but can in fact be varied in a large variety of ways. The features of the individually illustrated examples can in particular also be combined with one another or be interchanged.

List of Reference Numerals sprinkling system

100 supply device

120 pipeline

150 supply line device for distributing a fluid stream longitudinal extension of the device device for supplying the fluid distributor arm first chamber

311 venting pipe of the first chamber second chamber

321 venting pipe of the second chamber bottom of the second chamber

34; 340 exit wall of the second chamber

35; 350 side wall of the device, which is located opposite to the side comprising the exit wall 34; 340 ceiling of the first chamber side wall of the first chamber

320 outlet port perforated plate bottom of the first chamber region of the bottom 40 of the first chamber located opposite to the system 2 in the direction of flow S; stopping plate openings, hole of the perforated plate exit slot

6; 600 guide surface

610 fastening parts of the guide surface 600 projection

7 8	packing bed, packing pack upper edge of the wall or brick lining, respectively, of a plant,
5	B	with of the fluid stream, which leaves the respective distributor arm during operation of device 1	the
	Daus	distance between exist wall 34 and guide surface 6; 600
10	Fl F2 S	liguid film in the first chamber liguid film in the second chamber direction of flow of the fluid
	X	distance from the fastening point 610 for the surface 600	guide
15	a	angle between attachment piece 65 und guide surface 6

Claims

Patent Claims

1. A sprinkling system (10), in particular for packing packs, comprising at least one device (1) for distributing a fluid stream to a width B with at least one device (2) for supplying the fluid, at least one distributor arm (3) comprising at least one first chamber (31) and at least one second chamber (32), which is arranged downstream from the first chamber in the direction of flow S of the fluid, wherein a perforated plate (4) is arranged between the first and the second chamber, and wherein the second chamber (32) comprises an exit wall (34), wherein at least one, preferably a plurality of exit slots (5), are present in the exit wall (34), and wherein the device (1) comprises a guide surface (6), onto which fluid, which exits from the exit slots (5) during operation, impinges and is poured out of the distributor arm (3).

(2) for the fluid, which flows in during operation, wherein the region (42) is in particular an integral part of the bottom (40) of the first chamber (31).

8. The device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second chamber (32) comprises only one exit wall (34), through which fluid can leave the second chamber (32) during operation of the device (1).

9. The device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the openings (45) of the perforated plate (4) is at least 4 mm and/or that the dimensions of the exit slots (5) are larger than those of the openings (45) in the perforated plate (4).

10. The device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an outlet port (320), which is in particular dimensioned to be larger than the openings (45) of the perforated plate (4), is positioned on the bottom (33) of the second chamber (32).

11. The device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distributor arm (3) has at least one gas outlet, wherein at least one venting pipe (311) is positioned in particular in the lid (36) of the first chamber (31).

12. The device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distributor arm (3) comprises at least one venting device located on the inside of the distributor arm (3), wherein at least one venting pipe (321) is positioned between the first chamber (31) and the second chamber (32) in particular in the bottom (40) of the first chamber (31).

13. A distributor arm (3) for a sprinkling system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims.

14. A perforated plate (4) for a sprinkling system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims.

2. A device (1) for a sprinkling system (10) according to claim 1, wherein the distributor arm (3) has a lid (36), which delimits the first chamber (31) to the top, and a bottom (40), which delimits the first chamber (31) to the bottom and which is simultaneously the lid of the second chamber (32), which delimits the latter to the top.

3. The device (1) according to claim 2, wherein he first chamber (31) and the second chamber (32) are delimited jointly on one side by means of a side wall (35), which extends from the lid (36) of the first chamber (31) to a bottom (33) of the second chamber (32).

4. The device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, on the side located opposite to the side wall (35), the first chamber (31) is delimited by a side wall (37), which extends from the lid (36) of the first chamber (31) to the bottom (40) of the first chamber, and wherein, on the side located opposite to the side wall (35), the second chamber (32) is delimited by the exit wall (34), in which the exit slots (5) are located, wherein the side wall (37) of the first chamber (31) downstream from the bottom (40) transitions into the guide surface (6), viewed from the direction of its extension starting at the lid (36).

5. The device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that except for the device (2) for supplying the fluid into the first chamber (31) and the exit slots (5) in the one exit wall (34) of the second chamber (32), the device has a distributor arm (3), which is closed completely to the outside.

6. The device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distributor arm (3) is formed in the manner of a pipe, which has in particular a circular cross section .

7. The device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that viewed in the direction of flow S of the fluid flowing in through the device (2), the distributor arm has a region (42) located opposite to the device (2), which does not comprise any holes (4) and is in particular formed as stopping plate below the supply

5 15. Use of a sprinkling system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims for the fluid distribution to a packing pack, in particular in sulfuric acid synthesis .