AU2017387972B2 - Method for treating insects, in which the cuticles are separated from the soft part of the insects, and the soft part is then separated into three fractions - Google Patents

Method for treating insects, in which the cuticles are separated from the soft part of the insects, and the soft part is then separated into three fractions Download PDF

Info

Publication number
AU2017387972B2
AU2017387972B2 AU2017387972A AU2017387972A AU2017387972B2 AU 2017387972 B2 AU2017387972 B2 AU 2017387972B2 AU 2017387972 A AU2017387972 A AU 2017387972A AU 2017387972 A AU2017387972 A AU 2017387972A AU 2017387972 B2 AU2017387972 B2 AU 2017387972B2
Authority
AU
Australia
Prior art keywords
insects
weight
fraction
soft part
cuticles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
AU2017387972A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
AU2017387972A1 (en
Inventor
Benjamin ARMENJON
Nathalie BEREZINA
Antoine Hubert
Sophie Laurent
Jean-Gabriel LEVON
Lorena SANCHEZ
Thibault SARTON DU JONCHAY
Cecilia SOCOLSKY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ynsect SAS
Original Assignee
Ynsect SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ynsect SAS filed Critical Ynsect SAS
Publication of AU2017387972A1 publication Critical patent/AU2017387972A1/en
Priority to AU2023201702A priority Critical patent/AU2023201702B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of AU2017387972B2 publication Critical patent/AU2017387972B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS OR COOKING OILS
    • A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings or cooking oils
    • A23D9/02—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings or cooking oils characterised by the production or working-up
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
    • A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
    • A23J3/04—Animal proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2200/00—Function of food ingredients
    • A23V2200/12—Replacer
    • A23V2200/13—Protein replacer
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2250/00—Food ingredients
    • A23V2250/50—Polysaccharides, gums
    • A23V2250/51—Polysaccharide
    • A23V2250/511—Chitin, chitosan
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
  • Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
AU2017387972A 2016-12-28 2017-03-10 Method for treating insects, in which the cuticles are separated from the soft part of the insects, and the soft part is then separated into three fractions Active AU2017387972B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2023201702A AU2023201702B2 (en) 2016-12-28 2023-03-20 Method for treating insects, in which the cuticles are separated from the soft part of the insects, and the soft part is then separated into three fractions

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1663478 2016-12-28
FR1663478A FR3060947B1 (fr) 2016-12-28 2016-12-28 Procede de traitement d'insectes comprenant la separation des cuticules de la partie molle des insectes puis la separation de la partie molle en trois fractions
PCT/FR2017/050554 WO2018122476A1 (fr) 2016-12-28 2017-03-10 Procédé de traitement d'insectes comprenant la séparation des cuticules de la partie molle des insectes puis la séparation de la partie molle en trois fractions

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AU2023201702A Division AU2023201702B2 (en) 2016-12-28 2023-03-20 Method for treating insects, in which the cuticles are separated from the soft part of the insects, and the soft part is then separated into three fractions

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
AU2017387972A1 AU2017387972A1 (en) 2019-07-18
AU2017387972B2 true AU2017387972B2 (en) 2023-04-06

Family

ID=58464589

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AU2017387972A Active AU2017387972B2 (en) 2016-12-28 2017-03-10 Method for treating insects, in which the cuticles are separated from the soft part of the insects, and the soft part is then separated into three fractions
AU2017385712A Active AU2017385712B2 (en) 2016-12-28 2017-12-28 Method for treating insects, in which the cuticles are separated from the soft part of the insects, and the soft part is then separated into three fractions
AU2023201702A Active AU2023201702B2 (en) 2016-12-28 2023-03-20 Method for treating insects, in which the cuticles are separated from the soft part of the insects, and the soft part is then separated into three fractions

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AU2017385712A Active AU2017385712B2 (en) 2016-12-28 2017-12-28 Method for treating insects, in which the cuticles are separated from the soft part of the insects, and the soft part is then separated into three fractions
AU2023201702A Active AU2023201702B2 (en) 2016-12-28 2023-03-20 Method for treating insects, in which the cuticles are separated from the soft part of the insects, and the soft part is then separated into three fractions

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (3) US11998029B2 (https=)
EP (2) EP3562316B1 (https=)
JP (2) JP7184777B2 (https=)
KR (3) KR102718285B1 (https=)
CN (2) CN110099573A (https=)
AU (3) AU2017387972B2 (https=)
BR (1) BR112019013421A2 (https=)
CA (1) CA3047512A1 (https=)
CO (2) CO2019007202A2 (https=)
DK (1) DK3562316T3 (https=)
ES (1) ES3011334T3 (https=)
FR (1) FR3060947B1 (https=)
MX (1) MX2019007884A (https=)
MY (2) MY198155A (https=)
PL (1) PL3562316T3 (https=)
WO (1) WO2018122476A1 (https=)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3098687B1 (fr) * 2019-07-19 2022-05-20 Veolia Environnement Ve Procede d’obtention de farines enrichies en proteines provenant de larves utilisees pour la bioconversion de dechets organiques
FR3105261B1 (fr) * 2019-12-19 2024-08-23 Ynsect Procédé d’obtention de chitine et/ ou de chitosan mettant en œuvre deux hydrolyses enzymatiques
KR102325312B1 (ko) * 2020-01-02 2021-11-11 한국식품연구원 그래프팅기술을 이용한 곤충 유래 식품 단백질의 제조방법 및 이에 따라 제조된 곤충 유래 조성물
EP3991567A1 (de) * 2020-10-28 2022-05-04 Bühler Insect Technology Solutions AG Verfahren zur herstellung eines proteinmehls aus insekten, insbesondere aus insektenlarven und aus insektenpuppen, oder aus würmern und trocknungsvorrichtung zur verwendung in ei-nem solchen verfahren
KR102393124B1 (ko) * 2021-01-13 2022-05-03 농업회사법인 (주)한국유용곤충연구소 동애등에와 곤충키틴을 포함하는 발효 곤충사료첨가제의 제조방법 및 그에 따라 제조된 발효 곤충사료첨가제
JP2022180759A (ja) * 2021-05-25 2022-12-07 株式会社明治 節足動物又はその一部を処理する方法及び節足動物の体内部画分
PL4118974T3 (pl) * 2021-07-13 2025-11-03 Alfa Laval Corporate Ab Sposób i układ do dostarczania niskotłuszczowej mączki białkowej na bazie owadów z surowca na bazie owadów
FR3131183B1 (fr) 2021-12-24 2025-08-15 Innovafeed Installation de traitement de larves d’arthropodes, et notamment d’insectes et plus specifiquement de larves de dipteres.
FR3134501B1 (fr) 2022-04-13 2024-03-22 Nutriearth Composition huileuse alimentaire contenant du 7-deshydrocholesterol, de la previtamine d3 et de la vitamine d3 – produits associes
KR102800760B1 (ko) * 2022-05-10 2025-04-28 한국식품연구원 식용곤충 가수분해물을 포함하는 사료첨가제의 제조방법 및 이에 따라 제조된 사료첨가제
EP4642257A1 (fr) * 2022-12-30 2025-11-05 Ynsect Hydrolysat obtenu à partir d'insectes et procédé de fabrication
FR3145259A1 (fr) 2023-01-30 2024-08-02 Innovafeed Procédé de traitement d’insectes et poudres obtenues

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014123420A1 (en) * 2013-02-07 2014-08-14 Protix Biosystems B.V. Method to convert insects or worms into nutrient streams and compositions obtained thereby

Family Cites Families (40)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3106571A (en) * 1955-10-14 1963-10-08 Thomas C Fisher Physico-mechanical process of obtaining high quality cocoanut oil
CH678684A5 (https=) * 1987-08-19 1991-10-31 Bucher Guyer Ag Masch
US5197916A (en) * 1992-06-23 1993-03-30 Star-Kist, Inc. Fish skinner
US6440446B1 (en) * 1998-04-22 2002-08-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Hayashibara Seibutsu Kagaku Kenkyujo Agent for anti-osteoporosis
JP3748022B2 (ja) 1999-11-19 2006-02-22 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 水解性の吸収性物品およびその製造方法
CN1100490C (zh) * 1999-12-01 2003-02-05 中国科学院动物研究所 一种资源昆虫有效成份的分离、提取方法
JP2004504863A (ja) * 2000-08-11 2004-02-19 ナチュラ・ホールディングス・プロプライエタリー・リミテッド 脂肪種子の加工
CA2363451C (en) * 2001-11-20 2005-05-10 Mcn Bioproducts Inc. Oilseed processing
KR100494358B1 (ko) 2004-07-30 2005-06-10 주식회사 바이오그랜드 두뇌 또는 인지 기능 증진용 조성물
WO2006053253A2 (en) * 2004-11-12 2006-05-18 Chesapeake Perl, Inc. Recovery of proteins from insect larvae
CN101117359B (zh) * 2006-08-01 2012-04-25 西安市轻工业研究所 一种食用昆虫几丁聚糖及其生产方法和应用
US20080194003A1 (en) * 2007-02-13 2008-08-14 Jere Northrop System for producing food and feed
CN101144097B (zh) 2007-09-18 2010-12-01 重庆百奥帝克微生态科技有限公司 一种制备甲壳素及其壳聚糖和壳寡糖的方法
CA2670245A1 (en) * 2009-06-25 2010-12-25 James Haythornthwaite Alignment mechanism for food separator
DE202010001849U1 (de) 2010-01-30 2010-05-20 Nordischer Maschinenbau Rud. Baader Gmbh + Co. Kg Vorrichtung zum Trennen von miteinander vermischten Stoffen unterschiedlicher Fließfähigkeit
CN102558387A (zh) * 2010-12-13 2012-07-11 青岛中仁药业有限公司 一种从蝇蛆中提取甲壳素和抗菌肽的方法
FR2975706B1 (fr) * 2011-05-26 2017-07-21 Ifremer (Institut Francais De Rech Pour L'exploitation De La Mer) Extraction de chitines en une seule etape par hydrolyse enzymatique en milieu acide
CN102578390A (zh) * 2012-02-17 2012-07-18 郎影菲 一种禽畜饲料用昆虫添加剂及应用
NL2009044C2 (en) 2012-06-21 2013-12-24 Protix Biosystems B V Method to convert insects or worms into nutrient streams and compositions obtained thereby.
CN102696740B (zh) 2012-07-06 2014-07-09 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 一种河蟹机械式壳肉分离方法
CA2929177C (en) 2013-11-11 2021-12-07 Aaron T. DOSSEY Insect products and methods of manufacture and use thereof
US20150164109A1 (en) 2013-12-17 2015-06-18 Bradley N. Ruben Recycled food processing, products therefrom, and devices useful therein
US20150223493A1 (en) * 2014-02-10 2015-08-13 Lee Tech Llc System for and method of converting agricultural waste to animal feed and other valuable raw materials
JP6730992B2 (ja) 2014-12-31 2020-07-29 インセクト 甲虫粉末
FR3031115B1 (fr) * 2014-12-31 2018-03-02 Ynsect Production de chitine a partir d'insectes par hydrolyse enzymatique comportant une combinaison d'etapes prealables
FR3031113B1 (fr) * 2014-12-31 2018-03-16 Ynsect Procede de production de produit(s) d'interet a partir d'insecte par hydrolyse enzymatique
HUE050257T2 (hu) 2014-12-31 2020-11-30 Ynsect Kitint és emészthetõ fehérjéket tartalmazó készítmény
EP3078277A1 (en) * 2015-03-12 2016-10-12 Krauß, Stefan Method for the manufacture of insect powder
WO2018088813A2 (ko) * 2016-11-09 2018-05-17 아이씨엠 주식회사 Nkx3.2 단편 및 이를 유효성분으로 포함하는 약학 조성물
KR102645243B1 (ko) 2016-11-23 2024-03-11 알닐람 파마슈티칼스 인코포레이티드 표적외 효과가 감소된 변형 rna 작용제
FR3061856B1 (fr) * 2017-01-18 2021-04-02 Ynsect Utilisations therapeutiques d'une poudre d'insectes
FR3070577B1 (fr) * 2017-09-06 2021-07-30 Ynsect Poudre d'insectes pour prevenir ou reduire le stress des poissons pendant l'elevage
BE1025664B9 (nl) * 2017-10-26 2019-06-21 Millibeter N V Werkwijze voor het scheiden van de biomassa van levende larven in een pulp- en een vloeibare fractie
FR3075205B1 (fr) * 2017-12-15 2020-11-06 Ynsect Chitine et procede d'obtention de chitine et/ou chitosan par voie enzymo-chimique
FR3075204B1 (fr) * 2017-12-15 2020-11-20 Ynsect Chitine et procede d'obtention de chitine et/ou chitosan par voie chimique
FR3087092B1 (fr) * 2018-10-12 2020-11-13 Ynsect Poudre d'insectes pour eviter une deformation squelettique d'un poisson et/ou renforcer la solidite d'une arete de poisson pendant l'elevage
NL2027744B1 (en) * 2019-09-17 2022-09-16 Protix Bv Hydrolysate of water soluble insect proteins
DE102019219928A1 (de) * 2019-12-17 2021-06-17 Deutsches Institut Für Lebensmitteltechnik E.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Proteinmasse
FR3105261B1 (fr) * 2019-12-19 2024-08-23 Ynsect Procédé d’obtention de chitine et/ ou de chitosan mettant en œuvre deux hydrolyses enzymatiques
EP3991567A1 (de) * 2020-10-28 2022-05-04 Bühler Insect Technology Solutions AG Verfahren zur herstellung eines proteinmehls aus insekten, insbesondere aus insektenlarven und aus insektenpuppen, oder aus würmern und trocknungsvorrichtung zur verwendung in ei-nem solchen verfahren

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014123420A1 (en) * 2013-02-07 2014-08-14 Protix Biosystems B.V. Method to convert insects or worms into nutrient streams and compositions obtained thereby

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
VERKERK, M.C. TRAMPER, J. VAN TRIJP, J.C.M. MARTENS, D.E.: "Insect cells for human food", BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES., ELSEVIER PUBLISHING, BARKING., GB, vol. 25, no. 2, 26 January 2007 (2007-01-26), GB , pages 198 - 202, XP005862316, ISSN: 0734-9750, DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2006.11.004 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20190099297A (ko) 2019-08-26
CN110099571A (zh) 2019-08-06
FR3060947A1 (fr) 2018-06-29
CO2019007204A2 (es) 2019-07-31
JP7127030B2 (ja) 2022-08-29
KR102718285B1 (ko) 2024-10-15
JP7184777B2 (ja) 2022-12-06
DK3562316T3 (da) 2025-02-17
EP3562316B1 (fr) 2024-11-20
MY198155A (en) 2023-08-08
PL3562316T3 (pl) 2025-06-09
AU2017385712A1 (en) 2019-07-18
KR20230124761A (ko) 2023-08-25
US20220174989A1 (en) 2022-06-09
ES3011334T3 (en) 2025-04-07
MY199031A (en) 2023-10-10
EP3562317A1 (fr) 2019-11-06
CN110099573A (zh) 2019-08-06
KR20190099298A (ko) 2019-08-26
CO2019007202A2 (es) 2019-07-31
AU2017387972A1 (en) 2019-07-18
KR102683683B1 (ko) 2024-07-09
RU2019123582A3 (https=) 2021-01-29
US20190343150A1 (en) 2019-11-14
CA3047521A1 (fr) 2018-07-05
US11998029B2 (en) 2024-06-04
EP3562316A1 (fr) 2019-11-06
BR112019013421A2 (pt) 2019-12-31
WO2018122476A1 (fr) 2018-07-05
AU2023201702A1 (en) 2023-04-13
JP2020504617A (ja) 2020-02-13
MX2019007884A (es) 2019-09-06
FR3060947B1 (fr) 2025-12-26
RU2019123582A (ru) 2021-01-29
AU2023201702B2 (en) 2025-03-27
CA3047512A1 (fr) 2018-07-05
BR112019013482A2 (pt) 2020-01-07
AU2017385712B2 (en) 2023-05-18
US20200107560A1 (en) 2020-04-09
JP2020503041A (ja) 2020-01-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
AU2023201702B2 (en) Method for treating insects, in which the cuticles are separated from the soft part of the insects, and the soft part is then separated into three fractions
US12446597B2 (en) Method for treating insects, in which the cuticles are separated from the soft part of the insects using a belt separator
RU2790403C2 (ru) Способ обработки насекомых, включающий отделение кутикулы от мягкой части насекомых с помощью ленточного сепаратора с последующим разделение мягкой части на три фракции
RU2775236C2 (ru) Способ обработки насекомых, включающий отделение кутикулы от мягкой части насекомых с помощью ленточного сепаратора
CA3047521C (fr) Procede de traitement d'insectes comprenant la separation des cuticules de la partie molle des insectes puis la separation de la partie molle en trois fractions
EA046666B1 (ru) Способ обработки насекомых для питания
BR112019013482B1 (pt) Processo para tratar insetos que compreende separar as cutículas da parte macia dos insetos e a dita parte macia em três frações, pó obtenível pelo processo e uso do mesmo em nutrição
EA045208B1 (ru) Твердая фракция для питания, полученная из насекомых

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
FGA Letters patent sealed or granted (standard patent)