AU2014344670A1 - Solid cementation backfill roadway type mining method for ultra-thick seam - Google Patents
Solid cementation backfill roadway type mining method for ultra-thick seam Download PDFInfo
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- AU2014344670A1 AU2014344670A1 AU2014344670A AU2014344670A AU2014344670A1 AU 2014344670 A1 AU2014344670 A1 AU 2014344670A1 AU 2014344670 A AU2014344670 A AU 2014344670A AU 2014344670 A AU2014344670 A AU 2014344670A AU 2014344670 A1 AU2014344670 A1 AU 2014344670A1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
Abstract
A solid cementation backfill roadway type mining method for an ultra-thick seam. The ultra-thick seam in a section to be mined is evenly divided into a plurality of sub-layers H according to layer height, and is mined from top to bottom; each sub-layer is divided into a plurality of sub-segments L according to the mining height and the length of a working face coal wall, and is mined at intervals to avoid the mining influences among roadways; heading and coal mining are carried out from the first sub-segment of the first sub-layer and the boundary of a protective coal pillar along the rise roadway direction, and a gradual cyclic operation of roadway mining and cementation backfill with a width of… is carried out; heading and coal outputting in coal are carried out by using a heading machine; cementing materials are injected into a mined roadway, and the cementing materials flow to the other end along the roadway until the entire roadway is filled with the cementing materials; and after solidification, the cementing materials have good pressure bearing capability and deformation resisting capability; in this way, the mining problem of the ultra-thick seam in "three unders" coal can be solved effectively, pillar-free mining can be achieved, the recovery rate of coal resource is raised greatly, the waste of coal resource is reduced, and a good control effect is brought for the movement of overlying strata on the ultra-thick seam.
Description
Solid Cementation Backfill Roadway Type Mining Method for Ultra-Thick Seam Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solid cemented backfill roadway type mining method for extra-thick coal seam in coal mines, which is especially applicable to backfill mining of extra-thick coal seams under constructions, railroads and water bodies. Background of the Invention Exploitation of coal under constructions, railroads and water bodies is a topic that is widely studied recently. For exploitation of coal under constructions, railroads and water bodies, domestic and foreign researchers have done extensive experimental researches and obtained many payoffs. For thin, medium and thick coal seams, backfill mining is usually employed to control surface subsidence and protect surface constructions. For extra-thick coal seams having a thickness equal to or greater than 10m, layer mining and top-coal caving mining are usually used. However, the mining of extra-thick coal seams under constructions, railroads, and water bodies is always a big challenge. Though overlying strata displacement and surface subsidence can be controlled to some degree with the conventional layer backfill mining technique, the solidity ratio must reach a higher level to control the equivalent mining height within an ideal range, in order to fully mine out extra-thick coal seams under constructions, railroads and water bodies while controlling overlying strata displacement and surface subsidence within a desired range. Cementing materials have high bearing capability and anti deformation capability after they solidify. Roadway type mining utilizes a heading machine to tunnel in the coal body and thereby obtains coal, and it creates mining disturbance only within a small scope; therefore, the method has a great advantage in roof subsidence control, and can provide a favorable space for backfilling. In summary, a coal mining method that incorporates "roadway type mining", "layer mining" and "cemented filling" for mining the coal under constructions, railroads and water bodies can play an important role in improving coal resource recovery ratio, controlling overlying strata displacement and protecting surface constructions; hence, such a coal mining method is the first choice for mining extra-thick coal seams under constructions, railroads, and water bodies. Contents of the Invention Technical problem: To overcome the drawbacks in the prior art, the present invention provides a solid cemented backfill roadway type mining method for extra-thick coal seam, which is easy to operate, safe and reliable, can achieve a high coal resource recovery ratio and has a good backfilling effect. Technical scheme: The solid cemented backfill roadway type mining method for extra-thick coal seam provided in the present invention comprises: heading in the direction from a track rise roadway to the boundary of the section in the coal mass from a haulage rise roadway, to form a haulage roadway; heading in the direction from the haulage rise roadway to the boundary of the section in the coal mass from the track rise roadway, to form a track roadway; heading along the direction of rise and dip roadways from the haulage roadway or the track roadway, to form a connection roadway and thereby connect the haulage roadway and the track roadway; wherein: a. the extra-thick seam in a section to be mined is evenly divided into a plurality of sub-layers H having a mining height of 3-5m according to layer height, and is mined from top to bottom; each sub-layer H is divided into a plurality of sub-segments L having a length of 25-30m according to the 3-5m mining height and the length of the working face coal wall, and is mined at intervals, to avoid the mining disturbance among roadways; b. heading and coal mining is carried out from the first sub-segment of the first sub-layer, from the boundary of a protective coal pillar, along the rise roadway direction; first, a heading machine is deployed, an extensible/retractable coal belt conveyor is connected to the rear part of the heading 1 machine, and a scraper conveyor and other matched coal conveying equipment are deployed in the haulage roadway; c. after the equipment is deployed, gradual cyclic operation of roadway mining and cemented backfilling having a width of 3-5m is carried out, through the following steps: (1) first, the first roadway in the sub-segment L is mined; the scraper conveyor, extensible/retractable coal belt conveyor and heading machine are started sequentially, heading is carried out along the rise roadway direction, and the coal that is mined out is transported away on the extensible/retractable coal belt conveyor and the scraper conveyor; (2) after mining of the first roadway in the sub-segment L is accomplished, the heading equipment is moved to the first roadway in the next sub-segment L, and the end of the mined roadway near the haulage roadway is sealed; (3) cementing material is injected into the first roadway, to accomplish the backfilling of the first roadway; (4) The first roadway in the next sub-segment L is mined; after mining is accomplished, cementing material is injected into the roadway in that sub-segment L, and the first roadway in the next sub-segment L is mined at the same time; (5) step 4 is repeated, till mining and backfilling of the first roadways in all sub-segments in the first sub-layer H are accomplished; (6) roadways at the sides of all first roadways that have been backfilled and solidified are mined one by one at the interval of the sub-segment L, till mining and backfilling of all coal in the first sub-layer H is accomplished; (7) steps (1)~(6) are repeated, so that every sub-layer H divided evenly by mining height is mined and backfilled from top to bottom successively, till mining and backfilling of the coal seam in this section is accomplished. Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a coal mining method that incorporates "roadway type mining", "layer mining" and "cemented filling" for mining the coal under constructions, railroads and water bodies. The method utilizes a heading machine to tunnel in the coal mass and thereby obtains coal, and it creates mining disturbance only within a small scope; therefore, the method has a great advantage in roof subsidence control, and can provide a favorable space for backfilling. Cementing material is injected into mined roadways, and the cementing material flows along the roadway to the other end until the entire roadway is filled with the cementing material. The cementing material has good pressure bearing capability and deformation resisting capability after solidification. In this way, the mining problem of the ultra-thick seam in mining the coal under constructions, railroads and water bodies can be solved effectively, pillar-free mining can be achieved, the recovery rate of coal resource is raised greatly, the waste of coal resource is reduced, and a good control effect is brought for the movement of overlying strata on the ultra-thick seam. The present invention employs cementing material roadway type backfilling and layer mining techniques; so that the cementing material is fully injected into mined roadways with a high solidity ratio; after solidification, cementing material forms a solid mass, and has good pressure bearing capability and deformation resisting capability, so that overlying strata displacement is controlled within a very small range, and has little effect on the surface constructions. Thus, the method provided in the present invention effectively controls the strata behaviors and surface subsidence, and has high technical superiority in the mining of extra-thick coal seams under constructions, railroads and water bodies. The method is simple, easy to use, safe, and attains a good effect, and has high practicability. 2 Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of roadway type backfilling and mining process in the present invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional view A-A of the roadway type backfilling and mining process in the present invention; Fig. 3 is a sectional view of roadway type backfilling and mining in the second layer in the present invention; Fig. 4 is a layout diagram of the first layer of working face in the present invention; Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of backfilling in the first layer in the present invention; Fig. 6 is a layout diagram of the second layer of working face in the present invention; Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of backfilling in the second layer in the present invention; Fig. 8 is a top view of layout of the working face in the present invention. In the figures: 1 - haulage rise roadway; 2 - track rise roadway; 3 - haulage roadway; 4 - track roadway; 5 - connection roadway; 6 - protective coal pillar; 7 - heading machine; 8 extensible/retractable coal belt conveyor; 9 - scraper conveyor; 10 - conveying pipeline of cemented backfilling material; 11 - initial mining roadway; 12 - local ventilation system. Detailed Description of the Embodiments Hereunder the present invention will be further detailed in an embodiment, with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in Fig. 1, the solid cemented backfill roadway type mining method for extra-thick coal seam provided in the present invention is as follows: a cut is opened from a haulage rise roadway 1, and heading is carried out in the coal mass in the direction from a rise roadway to the boundary of the section, to form a haulage roadway 3; a cut is opened from a track rise roadway 2, and heading is carried out in the coal mass in the direction from the rise roadway to the boundary of the section, to form a track roadway 4; the heading is stopped when both of the roadways are mined to the boundary of the section; then, a cut is opened from the haulage roadway 3 or the track roadway 4, to form a connection roadway 5 and thereby connect the haulage roadway 3 and the track roadway 4; air is taken in through the haulage roadway 3, and returns through the track roadway 4; thus, an initial ventilation system is formed; As shown in Fig. 2, the extra-thick coal seam in a section to be mined is divided into a plurality of sub-layers H, each of sub-layers H has a thickness of 3-5m, and is mined from top to bottom; each sub-layer is divided into a plurality of sub-segments L having a length of 25-30m along the haulage roadway 3 or the track roadway 4, and is mined at an interval, to avoid mining disturbance among the roadways; a protective coal pillar 6 is reserved on one side of the connection roadway, and the width of the coal pillar is determined according to the geological conditions of the coal mine; a heading machine 7 is deployed along the boundary of the protective coal pillar 6, and heading is carried out in the rise roadway direction; an extensible/retractable coal belt conveyor 8 is connected to the rear part of the heading machine, and a scraper conveyor 9 and other matched coal conveying equipment are deployed in the haulage roadway 3; in addition, a local ventilation system 12 is provided, as shown in Fig. 8, to meet the requirement for heading ventilation; the coal mined out is transported on the extensible/retractable coal belt conveyor 8 to the haulage roadway 3, and then is further transported to the ground surface; After the equipment is deployed, gradual cyclic operation of roadway mining and cemented backfilling in 3-5m width is carried out, through the following steps: 3 (1) first, the first roadway 11 in the sub-segment L is mined; the scraper conveyor 9, extensible/retractable coal belt conveyor 8, and heading machine 7 are started sequentially, heading is carried out along the rise roadway direction, and the coal that is mined out is transported away on the extensible/retractable coal belt conveyor 8 and the scraper conveyor 9, as shown in Fig. 4; (2) after mining of the first roadway 11 in the sub-segment L is accomplished, that is to say, after the entire roadway is dug by the heading machine 7, the heading and transportation equipments, such as the heading machine 7 and the extensible/retractable coal belt conveyor 8, are relocated, and the heading equipment is moved to the first roadway in the next sub-segment L; the end of the mined roadway near the haulage roadway is sealed with gangue bags, and cemented backfilling pipelines 10 are deployed at the end near the track roadway; (3) a cementing material, which is a mixture of yellow soil, coal ash, cement and water, is injected into the first roadway 11, the cementing material flows along the roadway to the other end until the entire roadway is filled with the cementing material, to accomplish the backfilling of the first roadway, as shown in Fig. 5; (4) the first roadway in the next sub-segment L is mined; after mining is accomplished, cementing material is injected into the roadway in that sub-segment L, and the first roadway in the next sub segment L is mined at the same time; (5) step 4 is repeated, till mining and backfilling of the first roadways in all sub-segments in the first sub-layer H are accomplished, after the corresponding positions of all sub-segments have been mined; at this time, the cemented backfilling material in the initial mining roadway 11 has completely solidified and the structure is stable; roadways are mined adjoining to this stable roadway, repeat the cycle till the backfilling and mining of entire sub-layer is accomplished; (6) roadways at the sides of all first roadways that have been backfilled and solidified are mined one by one at the interval of the sub-segment L, till mining and backfilling of all coal in the first sub layer H is accomplished; (7) after the mining of this sub-layer is completed, the haulage roadway 3, track roadway 4 and connection roadway 5 of this sub-layer are backfilled; then, the next sub-layer is continued; steps 1-6 are repeated, so that every sub-layer H divided evenly by mining height is mined and backfilled from top to bottom successively, as shown in Figs. 3, 6, and 7, till the mining and backfilling of the coal seam in this section is accomplished. 4
Claims (1)
1. A solid cemented backfill roadway type mining method for extra-thick coal seam, comprising: heading in the direction from a track rise roadway (2) to the boundary of the section in the coal mass from a haulage rise roadway (1), to form a haulage roadway (3); heading in the direction from the haulage rise roadway (1) to the boundary of the section in the coal mass from the track rise roadway (2), to form a track roadway (4); heading along the direction of rise and dip roadways from the haulage roadway (3) or the track roadway (4), to form a connection roadway (5) and thereby connect the haulage roadway (3) and the track roadway (4); wherein: a. the extra-thick seam in a section to be mined is evenly divided into a plurality of sub-layers H having a mining height of 3-5m according to layer height, and is mined from top to bottom; each sub-layer H is divided into a plurality of sub-segments L having a length of 25-30m according to the 3-5m mining height and the length of the working face coal wall, and is mined at intervals, to avoid the mining disturbance among roadways; b. heading and coal mining is carried out from the first sub-segment of the first sub-layer, from the boundary of a protective coal pillar (6), along the rise roadway direction; first, a heading machine (7) is deployed, an extensible/retractable coal belt conveyor (8) is connected to the rear part of the heading machine (7), and a scraper conveyor (9) and other matched coal conveying equipment are deployed in the haulage roadway (3); c. after the equipment is deployed, gradual cyclic operation of roadway mining and cemented backfilling in 3-5m width is carried out, through the following steps: (1) first, the first roadway (11) in the sub-segment L is mined; the scraper conveyor (9), extensible/retractable coal belt conveyor (8) and heading machine (7) are started sequentially, heading is carried out along the rise roadway direction, and the coal that is mined out is transported away on the extensible/retractable coal belt conveyor (8) and the scraper conveyor (9); (2) after mining of the first roadway (11) in the sub-segment L is accomplished, the heading equipment is moved to the first roadway in the next sub-segment L, and the end of the mined roadway near the haulage roadway is sealed; (3) cementing material is injected into the first roadway (11), to accomplish the backfilling of the first roadway (11); (4) the first roadway in the next sub-segment L is mined; after mining is accomplished, cementing material is injected into the roadway in this sub-segment L, and the first roadway in the next sub-segment L is mined at the same time; (5) step (4) is repeated, till mining and backfilling of the first roadways in all sub-segments in the first sub-layer H are accomplished; (6) roadways at the sides of all first roadways that have been backfilled and solidified are mined one by one at the interval of the sub-segment L, till mining and backfilling of all coal in the first sub-layer H is accomplished; (7) steps (1)-(6) are repeated, so that every sub-layer H divided evenly by mining height is mined and backfilled from top to bottom successively, till mining and backfilling of the coal seam in this section is accomplished. 1
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310517683.3A CN103527197B (en) | 2013-10-28 | 2013-10-28 | A kind of super high seam solid consolidated fill lane formula exploitation method |
| CN201310517683.3 | 2013-10-28 | ||
| PCT/CN2014/073349 WO2015062195A1 (en) | 2013-10-28 | 2014-03-13 | Solid cementation backfill roadway type mining method for ultra-thick seam |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2014344670A1 true AU2014344670A1 (en) | 2016-04-07 |
| AU2014344670B2 AU2014344670B2 (en) | 2017-04-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2014344670A Active AU2014344670B2 (en) | 2013-10-28 | 2014-03-13 | Solid cementation backfill roadway type mining method for ultra-thick seam |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103527197B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2014344670B2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015062195A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201603462B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106014477A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-10-12 | 山东华联矿业股份有限公司 | Stable filler filling method |
| CN107657084A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2018-02-02 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of quantitative judgement method of compound residual exploiting field Upward mining feasibility |
| CN108590652A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-09-28 | 中冶北方（大连）工程技术有限公司 | A kind of sublevel caving method without sill pillar dividing a nugget along orebody trend |
| CN109356582A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-19 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of filling mining method for comprehensive extracting and caving face |
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| CN103527197B (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2016-01-06 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of super high seam solid consolidated fill lane formula exploitation method |
| CN103993881A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2014-08-20 | 中国矿业大学 | Long-wall roadway type cemented filling mining method |
| CN104074541A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-10-01 | 中国矿业大学 | Solid filling mining design method under water body |
| CN104088639A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-10-08 | 西安科技大学 | Large-inclination angle thick coal seam strike long-wall workface large-mining height mining method |
| CN104358573B (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2016-08-31 | 广东安元矿业勘察设计有限公司 | The stage open stope of big thick ore body and stage avalanche combined mining method |
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| CN112282758A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-01-29 | 中煤能源研究院有限责任公司 | Coal face double-roadway circulating mining and filling integrated process |
| CN112963149B (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2023-02-10 | 中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司 | High-efficiency full-mining and full-filling mining method for near-horizontal thick coal seam |
| CN114247331B (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2024-02-09 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Top plate horizontal well tail end double-material mixing device, system and solidification method during filling |
| CN117266855B (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-01-19 | 太原理工大学 | Pressure relief and permeability improvement method and system for ultrathin layered mining of coal seam |
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| US4198097A (en) * | 1977-06-06 | 1980-04-15 | Standard Oil Company | Method of mining |
| HU177046B (en) * | 1979-02-14 | 1981-06-28 | Tatabanyai Szenbanyak | Method for caving thick coal bed carried out at least in two layers |
| CN100580219C (en) * | 2007-04-10 | 2010-01-13 | 闫振东 | Underground no pillar recovery method of coal mine |
| PL2242902T3 (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2017-02-28 | Lumb, Hilary Leith | A method and an apparatus for mining a material in an underground environment |
| CN101871347B (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2011-12-14 | 中南大学 | Mining environment reconstruction layering and striping medium-length hole ore removal mining method |
| CN102392643B (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2014-01-15 | 中国矿业大学 | Under-building filling, mining and coal pillar recovering method |
| CN102418526A (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2012-04-18 | 瓮福（集团）有限责任公司 | High-sublevel subdivision mining method of moderately thick heavy-pitch waste-rock-containing interlayer phosphate orebody along strike |
| CN102996131B (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2014-10-29 | 中国矿业大学 | Solid-filling coal mining method with two pre-excavating tunnels for advancing |
| CN103306720B (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2015-05-20 | 中国矿业大学 | Inclined separated layer solid filling coal mining method for super thick coal seam |
| CN103527197B (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2016-01-06 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of super high seam solid consolidated fill lane formula exploitation method |
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2013
- 2013-10-28 CN CN201310517683.3A patent/CN103527197B/en active Active
-
2014
- 2014-03-13 WO PCT/CN2014/073349 patent/WO2015062195A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-03-13 AU AU2014344670A patent/AU2014344670B2/en active Active
-
2016
- 2016-05-20 ZA ZA2016/03462A patent/ZA201603462B/en unknown
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106014477A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-10-12 | 山东华联矿业股份有限公司 | Stable filler filling method |
| CN107657084A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2018-02-02 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of quantitative judgement method of compound residual exploiting field Upward mining feasibility |
| CN107657084B (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-10-01 | 太原理工大学 | Compound residual exploiting field Upward mining feasibility based on sliding instability quantitatively judges method |
| CN108590652A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-09-28 | 中冶北方（大连）工程技术有限公司 | A kind of sublevel caving method without sill pillar dividing a nugget along orebody trend |
| CN109356582A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-19 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of filling mining method for comprehensive extracting and caving face |
| CN109356582B (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-09-03 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of filling mining method for comprehensive extracting and caving face |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA201603462B (en) | 2017-11-29 |
| CN103527197B (en) | 2016-01-06 |
| WO2015062195A1 (en) | 2015-05-07 |
| CN103527197A (en) | 2014-01-22 |
| AU2014344670B2 (en) | 2017-04-13 |
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