AU2005299184A1 - A smelting process of ferronickel with nickel oxide ore containing of crystal water in a blast furnace - Google Patents

A smelting process of ferronickel with nickel oxide ore containing of crystal water in a blast furnace Download PDF

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AU2005299184A1
AU2005299184A1 AU2005299184A AU2005299184A AU2005299184A1 AU 2005299184 A1 AU2005299184 A1 AU 2005299184A1 AU 2005299184 A AU2005299184 A AU 2005299184A AU 2005299184 A AU2005299184 A AU 2005299184A AU 2005299184 A1 AU2005299184 A1 AU 2005299184A1
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ore
limestone
dolomite
blast
nickel
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AU2005299184B2 (en
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Shenjie Liu
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
    • C21B3/02—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron by applying additives, e.g. fluxing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/008—Composition or distribution of the charge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/02—Making special pig-iron, e.g. by applying additives, e.g. oxides of other metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
    • C22B23/005—Preliminary treatment of ores, e.g. by roasting or by the Krupp-Renn process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
    • C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
    • C22B23/023—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes with formation of ferro-nickel or ferro-cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
    • C22B1/2413—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating enduration of pellets

Description

Declaration Hereby declare that: CHUNXUAN LI Telephone: 0086-10-82800716-828 Address: A 1008, Horizon International Tower, No.6, Zhichun Road, Haidian District, Beijing, P.R.China 100088 Whose name is subscribed is the translator of this application (PCT/CN2005/001828) and is familiar with both Chinese and English. 2007-10-12 Specification Metallurgical method of ferronickel by blast-furnace smelting nickel oxide ore with crystal water 5 Technical field The present invention relates to a method of blast-furnace smelting, more particularly to a metallurgical method of ferronickel by blast-furnace smelting nickel oxide ore with crystal water. 10 Background of the invention Global extensive uses of stainless steel and special steel lead to supply shortage and rapid rise in price of nickel metal, a main element used to smelt stainless steel and special steel. Conventional technology is mature that 15 nickel metal is produced by mainly extracting from nickel sulfide ore, which covers 30% of the nickel resources on the earth. But at present, reserves are in shortage and resources are in crises after continuous exploitation for near one century. People have to pay more attention to the extraction of nickel metal from laterite nickel ore (nickel oxide ore) covering 70% of nickel 20 resources on the earth. The main reason that laterite nickel ore haven't been exploited on a large scale for a long time is that the technology extracting Ni from such mineral resources is characterized by high cost, technological complexity, low yield, severe pollution. At Present, for high-grade laterite nickel ore(nickel content above 2.0%),ore-smelting furnace is generally used 25 to smelt on the international, however, this method is provided with disadvantages such as high power consumption, severe environmental pollution and low yield of intermittent production. For low-grade laterite nickel ore, hydrometallurgy is commonly used, namely, a method of vitriol 2 soaking, ie converting solid-state nickel oxide, chromic oxide, ferric oxide or the like in the laterite nickel ore to mixed solution of liquid-state nickel sulfate, chrome sulfate, ferrite sulfate (Fe2+) and the like, then separating nickel sulfate thereby, forming nickel metal only accounting for 1-2% of the 5 gross by electrolysis with all the other components wasted. The process equipment is characterized by large one-off investment, complex process, long periodicity, severe environmental pollution. Blast-furnace smelting may also be use, however, because Cr 2 0 3 as concomitant commonly exists in laterite nickel ore, extremely high melting point of its own can lead to large 10 viscosity of molten iron water so that iron water containing nickel and chrome can't flow out successfully and cause severe results such as frozen furnace and damaged furnace. Many corporations and research organizations at home and abroad have studied the technology for a long time that ferronickel (nickel iron) can be obtained by blast-furnace smelting laterite is nickel ore in one-step way, but hitherto no success is reported. Consequently, it is urgent problem to be solved in this business to find an industrial method that nickel iron is smelted directly from laterite nickel ore, which is characterized by high efficiency, low consumption, high yield, low cost and no pollution or little pollution. 20 Summary of the invention To solve the above problem, the present invention provides a metallurgical method of ferronickel by blast-furnace smelting nickel oxide ore containing crystal water in one-step way. 25 The above inventive object is achieved by the following technical proposal. The invention provides a metallurgical method of ferronickel by blast-furnace smelting nickel oxide ore containing crystal water, mainly 3 comprising the steps as follows: Crushing and sieving raw ores, mixing the feed of ore powder in grain diameter smaller than 2mm thereof with coke powder, calcium lime/limestone and sintering to obtain sintered ore blocks; 5 Mixing sintered ore blocks, coke, limestone/calcium lime, dolomite and fluorite and blast-furnace smelting to obtain ferronickel; wherein, the weight ratio of the following additives to sintered ore is: fluorite 0.3 20% dolomite 0 8% 10 limestone/calcium lime 4 35%. The metallurgical method of ferronickel by blast-furnace smelting nickel oxide ore with crystal water in the present invention further includes the following steps: Crushing and sieving the sintered blocks obtained by first sintering by 15 means of a sieve in 300-500 meshes, and then producing refined ore powder by magnetic sorting. Mixing the feed of the refined ore powder with coke powder, calcium lime/limestone and sintering to obtain sintered ore blocks. Mixing the sintered ore blocks obtained by second sintering with coke, 20 lime/limestone, dolomite and fluorite, and then blast-furnace smelting to obtain ferronickel. Wherein the main component of nickel oxide ore and the weight ratio of its own are : Nickel: 0.5~4%; 25 Chrome: 0.3~ 12%; iron: 7~55%. Wherein the preferable weight ratio of the additives to the sintered ore is: 4 fluorite 0.3 10% dolomite 0.5~5% limestone/calcium lime 8-20%. Wherein the content of CaO in limestone is greater than 50%, while That of CaO in calcium lime is greater than 80%; the content of Mg in the dolomite is higher than 10% and that of CaF in dolomite is bigger than 80%. Compared with the prior art, furnace temperature can reach up to about 1700 oC in the conventional blast-furnace smelting technology, chrome contained in nickel oxide ore mainly exists in the form of Cr 2 0 3 whose 0io melting point is about 2300o C, consequently, the reduction degree of chrome in nickel oxide ore is limited to cause bad fluidity of the obtained iron water and easily to produce phenomenon of frozen furnace, and even result in accidents. In metallurgical method of ferronickel by smelting nickel and chrome iron ore provided by the present invention, the addition of fluorite 15 can lower the influence of chrome on furnace temperature effectively and raise the fluidity of iron water, meanwhile, because the addition quantity of fluorite in metallurgical method provided by the present invention is strictly calculated, the accidents, such as burnout of the crucible, caused by too high addition quantity of fluorite, can be effectively avoided. In the metallurgical 20 method provided by the present invention, meanwhile, magnesium contained in dolomite may also be helpful to solve the problem on bad fluidity of iron I water caused by chrome in nickel and chrome ores. Limestone can not only I provide alkalinity, but also can balance the above two additives. The metallurgical method of one-step blast-furnace smelting provided by the 25 present invention is characterized by short technical process, high yield of continuous production, total extraction of nickel, chrome and iron in laterite nickel ore once for all, high ratio of resource utilization. The slag obtained by smelting is an excellent raw material to produce concrete, except the 5 exhaustion of a given mass of CO 2 gas, no other solid or liquid wastes are produced and there is no pollution. By contrast, the metallurgical technology of blast-furnace smelting provided by the present invention has some advantages, for example low 5 cost. Blast furnace in the technology provided by the present invention can consume 150-200 kilowatt-hours per ton iron, while the conventional ore smelting technology need consume 2000-4000 kilowatt-hours and coke of 0.5 ton per ton iron; For example economic resources, high yield, namely the mean yield of blast furnace is bigger than that of ore-smelting furnace; such o10 as little pollution, little dust, high recovery rate of the raw materials which are respectively 97-98% for iron, 99% for nickel and 40-50% for chrome. Specific embodiment: The present invention can further be explained and described in 15 combination with specific examples below. The following examples are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention and all the modifications and rearrangements based on the spirits of the present invention are without departing from scope of the present invention. Raw ores in examples are selected from nickel and chrome iron ores 20 imported form Albania. Crushing and sieving raw ores, mixing the feed of ore powder in grain diameter smaller than 2mm thereof with coke powder, calcium lime/limestone and sintering to obtain sintered ore blocks; Crushing and sieving the sintered blocks obtained by first sintering by 25 means of a sieve in 300-500 meshes and then magnetic sorting to obtain refined ore powder. Mixing the feed of the refined ore powder with coke powder, calcium lime/limestone and sintering to obtain sintered ore blocks. 6 Mixing sintered ore of the sintered ore blocks in particulate diameter of 10-50mm with other raw materials and smelting to obtain ferronickel. The main components in used nickel and chrome iron ore and its content (wt.%) are: 5 ponents Fe Ni Cr Ca Si Mg Al Series code 1 7.18 4.37 11.93 18.14 21.08 0.84 6.17 2 17.81 3.21 9.26 16.25 18.27 1.18 5.77 3 26.28 2.68 8.10 14.36 17.35 1.45 4.69 4 36.54 2.30 6.32 11.87 16.09 1.64 3.14 5 43.51 1.83 4.71 8.29 15.14 1.94 2.84 6 54.26 0.57 0.35 4.57 5.88 2.11 2.11 The main components in obtained sintered ore and its content (wt.%) are: components Fe Ni Cr Ca Si Series code 1 9.01 4.23 10.29 16.17 19.14 2 23.14 3.60 7.39 14.19 16.32 3 33.83 2.97 7.10 13.24 16.10 4 46.83 2.51 5.48 12.31 14.26 5 55.59 2.13 3.62 7.25 4.77 6 65.51 0.63 0.33 3.67 2.59 10 7 Constitution of the furnace materials (Weight: Kg) is shown in following table. omponents Sintered ore coke fluorite dolomite limestone/ calcium lime Series code 1 1000 455 200 80 350 2 1000 415 170 70 300 3 1500 680 240 90 300 4 1500 625 150 75 150 5 2000 920 100 20 160 6 2000 830 6 - 80 5 Metallurgical technology parameters of blast furnace: items Crucible Vent fan Wind pressure Type code diameter diameter Capacity of blast 2.1m 75mm 230m/s 4200 (mmHg) furnace 36m 3 Capacity of blast 2.9m 100mm 380m/s 4600 (mmHg) furnace 90m 3 10 The main components in the obtained nickel iron by smelting and its content (wt.%) are: 8 components Fe Ni Cr S P Series code 1 48.26 15.10 33.11 0.060 0.061 2 52.31 10.59 23.10 0.059 0.060 3 64.58 8.32 22.38 0.058 0.059 4 75.51 5.98 13.36 0.059 0.062 5 85.29 3.24 7.09 0.057 0.057 6 93.46 0.92 0.63 0.061 0.058 9

Claims (7)

1. A metallurgical method of ferronickel by blast-furnace smelting nickel oxide ore with crystal water, wherein the said method of blast furnace smelting mainly comprising the following steps: Crushing and sieving raw ores, mixing the feed of ore powder in grain diameter smaller than 2mm thereof with coke powder, calcium lime/limestone and sintering to obtain sintered ore blocks; Mixing sintered ore blocks, coke, limestone/calcium lime, dolomite and fluorite and blast-furnace smelting to obtain ferronickel; wherein the weight ratio of the following additives to sintered ore is: fluorite 0.3 -20% dolomite 0-8% limestone/calcium lime 4-35%.
2.The metallurgical method according to Claim 1, wherein the blast furnace smelting further comprising the following steps: Crushing and sieving the sintered blocks obtained by first sintering by means of a sieve in 300-500 meshes, and then producing refined ore powder by magnetic sorting; Mixing the feed of the refined ore powder with coke powder, calcium lime/limestone and sintering to obtain sintered ore blocks; Mixing the sintered ore blocks obtained by second sintering with coke, lime/limestone, dolomite and fluorite, and then blast-furnace 10 smelting to obtain ferronickel.
3.The metallurgical method according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the main component of the said nickel oxide ore and the weight ratio of its own are:Nickel: 0.5-4%; Chrome: 0.3~12%; iron: 7-55%.
4.The metallurgical method according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the preferable weight ratio of the said additives to the sintered ore is: fluorite 0.3- 10% dolomite 0.5~5% limestone/calcium lime 8-20%.
5.The metallurgical method according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the content of CaO in the limestone is greater than 50% ,while that of CaO in calcium lime is greater than 80%.
6.The metallurgical method according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the content of Mg in the dolomite is higher than 10%.
7.The metallurgical method according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the content of CaF in the dolomite is bigger than 80%. I1
AU2005299184A 2005-09-16 2005-11-02 A smelting process of ferronickel with nickel oxide ore containing of crystal water in a blast furnace Ceased AU2005299184B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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CN200510102985.X 2005-09-16
CNB200510102985XA CN1300352C (en) 2005-09-16 2005-09-16 Nickel-iron smelting process from nickel oxide ore containing crystal water through blast furnace
PCT/CN2005/001828 WO2006045254A1 (en) 2005-09-16 2005-11-02 A smelting process of ferronickel with nickel oxide ore containing of crystal water in a blast furnace

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JP (1) JP4734415B2 (en)
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AU2005299184B2 (en) 2009-06-04
EP1927666B1 (en) 2013-04-24
JP2009508005A (en) 2009-02-26
CN1300352C (en) 2007-02-14
JP4734415B2 (en) 2011-07-27
KR20070085068A (en) 2007-08-27
KR20100039907A (en) 2010-04-16
MY147763A (en) 2013-01-31
EP1927666A1 (en) 2008-06-04
WO2006045254A1 (en) 2006-05-04
CN1743476A (en) 2006-03-08
EP1927666A4 (en) 2008-12-03

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