CN100595290C - Technique for smelting nickel-cobalt-ferrum by nickel oxide ore through electrical furnace - Google Patents
Technique for smelting nickel-cobalt-ferrum by nickel oxide ore through electrical furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN100595290C CN100595290C CN200610126832A CN200610126832A CN100595290C CN 100595290 C CN100595290 C CN 100595290C CN 200610126832 A CN200610126832 A CN 200610126832A CN 200610126832 A CN200610126832 A CN 200610126832A CN 100595290 C CN100595290 C CN 100595290C
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Abstract
The invention provides a process for smelting Ni, Cr, Co and Fe through an electric furnace from nickel oxide mineral, which essentially comprises the following procedures: taking the weight of crudemineral as reference, adding fluorspar 1-6%, calcined lime 12-18% or limestone 18-24%, coke or peacoke 18-25%; smelting directly in the furnace if the crystallized water in the crude mineral is not more than 20%, and sintering or baking dry first the crude mineral if the crystallized water content is more than 20%, then smelting in the furnace. The invention smelts directly nickel oxide mineral containing Cr and Co by the electric furnace, and can obtain high-grade Ni, Cr, Co and Fe. When smelting from nickel oxide mineral containing 1.5-2.5% Ni, 6-30% Fe, 1-4% Cr, 0.1-0.6% Co and 25-45% Si, the invention can obtain Ni, Cr, Co and Fe containing 6-25% Ni, 44-87% Fe, 5-25% Cr, 1-2% Co, 0.5-1.8% C and 0.8-1.8% Si. The invention is of simple process, high yield and is suitable for industrialized production, consumes 650 kWh power per ton mineral, is far more cost effective than wet smelting.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to nickel oxide ore smelting technology, particularly technique for smelting nickel-cobalt-ferrum by nickel oxide ore through electrical furnace.
Background technology:
Along with the widespread use of global stainless steel and special steel, causing the main element of smelting stainless steel and special steel---the short supply of nickel metal causes that price skyrockets.Traditional nickel Metal Production is mainly extracted its mature production technology from the nickel sulfide ore that takes up an area of ball nickel resources 30%.But exploit continuously through last 100 years, present reserves deficiency, resource presents crisis.Force people to give more multiple looking to extracting the nickel metal in the red soil nickel ore (nickel oxide ore) that takes up an area of ball nickel resources 70%.For a long time red soil nickel ore do not obtain the major cause of large-scale development be from these type of mineral reserve, extract technology cost height, the complex process of nickel, yield poorly, seriously polluted.The main smelting process of red soil nickel ore comprises at present: hydrometallurgy, it is the method that sulfuric acid soaks, nickel oxide solid-state in the red soil nickel ore, chromic oxide, ferric oxide etc. are converted into mixing solutionss such as liquid single nickel salt, chromium sulphate, ferrous sulfate, again single nickel salt is therefrom separated, form the metallic nickel that only accounts for total amount 1～2% through electrolysis, all the other compositions all go out of use, and this processing unit one-time investment is big, complex process, the cycle is long, environmental pollution is serious; Also can adopt blast-furnace smelting, but because the normal association of red soil nickel ore there is Cr
2O
3Composition, and the fusing point of chromium is very high, makes that the molten iron viscosity after melting is big, the Ni and Cr contained molten iron can not flow out smoothly, causes the serious consequence of freezing stove, ruining stove; Aluminium in the ore deposit also is the reason that causes the mobile difference of molten iron.Usually association has cobalt in the ore deposit, also is a kind of useful element, is the important component of special steel.Prior art such as CN1237641A disclose a kind of by the technology of extracting nickel, copper, cobalt, magnesium and manufacturing ferronickel in the nickel sulfide concentrate, be that nickel ore concentrate is carried out sulfurization roasting in fluidized roaster, leach with the sulphuric acid soln heated and stirred then, again after filtration, make solid-liquid separation, after soaking the slag drying, reduction at high temperature, add the calcium chloride slag former, produce thick ferronickel at 1550 ℃, the electrolysis of solutions copper after the deironing, in addition chlorine oxidation removes cobalt again, the cobalt slag is produced cobalt powder or cobalt oxide through solution extraction, and technology is very numerous and diverse.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is intended to address the above problem, and provides a kind of nickel oxide ore to bore iron process through the electrosmelting nickel chromium triangle.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is to realize by following technical scheme:
Technique for smelting nickel-cobalt-ferrum by nickel oxide ore through electrical furnace provided by the present invention mainly comprises the steps:
Weight by raw ore (nickel minerals) is reference, adds fluorite 1-6%, presses the raw ore amount simultaneously for reference to adding unslaked lime 12%-18% or Wingdale 18-24%, allocates coke or breeze 18-25% into and makes reductive agent; Contain crystal water at raw ore and be not more than at 20% o'clock and smelt, contain at raw ore and reenter stove after crystal water surpasses 20% o'clock elder generation's sintering or oven dry and smelt directly into stove.
The present invention further is achieved through the following technical solutions: with raw ore weight is reference, and described fluorite add-on is 1%, is that reference adds coke or breeze is 18% by the raw ore amount simultaneously, and the unslaked lime add-on is 12% or 18% Wingdale.
The present invention further adopts following technical proposals: described fluorite, unslaked lime or Wingdale, coke or breeze mixing and stirring are dropped in the stove.
The present invention further adopts following technical proposals: above 20% compound is carried out earlier sintering or oven dry fed to boiler when raw ore contains crystal water under 700-1000 ℃ of temperature.
The present invention also can select following technical proposals for use: with described fluorite, unslaked lime or Wingdale, coke or breeze mixing and stirring add water glass with pressure ball mechanism ball, dry the back and drop in the stove, the pelletizing granularity is 1-5cm.
The present invention further adopts following technical proposals: going into the stokehold serves as with reference to useless oxide skin of the Ni and Cr contained that adds 4-8% or Ni and Cr contained flue dust with the weight of raw ore.
The present invention will contain the nickel oxide ore of chromium, cobalt and directly use electrosmelting, can obtain high-grade nickel chromium triangle ferro-cobalt product.Nickel oxide ore with nickeliferous 1.5-2.5%, iron 6-30%, chromium 1-4%, cobalt 0.1-0.6%, silicon 25-45%, magnesium 25-35%, aluminium 1-5% is smelted, and can obtain the nickel chromium triangle ferro-cobalt of nickeliferous 6-25%, iron 44-87%, chromium 5-25%, cobalt 1-2%, carbon 0.5-1.8%, silicon 0.8-1.8%.Technology is simple, yield is high, be fit to suitability for industrialized production.Power consumption 650 degree per ton, cost is far below hydrometallurgy.When smelting, can add Ni and Cr contained oxide skin or flue dust, can turn waste into wealth, both solve pollution, make full use of resource again, material is fully used.
Embodiment:
Engage specific embodiment below the present invention is further explained, the following example does not limit protection scope of the present invention, and all modification and adjustment of making based on thought of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Raw ore is CaF in the fluorite that nickel oxide ore selects for use among each embodiment
2Content is not less than 80%, and CaO content is greater than 50% in the Wingdale, and CaO content is greater than 80% in the unslaked lime.
Embodiment one: nickeliferous 1.5% in the raw ore, iron 27%, chromium 1.4%, cobalt 0.15%, silicon 25.0%, magnesium 26.2%, aluminium 1.5%, crystal water 21.2%; With nickel minerals weight is reference, be equipped with 1% fluorite, 12% unslaked lime, coke 18%, behind 700-1000 ℃ of sintering temperature, drop in the electric furnace after fragmentation is sieved and smelt, obtain nickel chromium triangle ferro-cobalt product, mainly contain nickel 6.5%, chromium 5.1%, iron 62.0%, carbon 0.5%, cobalt 0.5%, silicon 0.5% in the product.
Embodiment two: nickeliferous 2.1% in the raw ore, iron 15%, chromium 2.3%, bore 0.4%, silicon 35%, magnesium 30%, aluminium 3.5%, crystal water 23.7%; With nickel minerals weight is reference, be equipped with 3% fluorite, 14% unslaked lime, coke 20%, behind 700-1000 ℃ of sintering temperature, drop in the electric furnace after fragmentation is sieved and smelt, obtain nickel chromium triangle ferro-cobalt product, mainly contain nickel 10.3%, chromium 11.5%, iron 49%, carbon 1.5%, cobalt 1.0%, silicon 1.5% in the product.
Embodiment three: nickeliferous 2.5% in the raw ore, iron 30%, chromium 4%, cobalt 0.6%, silicon 45%, magnesium 35%, aluminium 5%, crystal water 20.35%; With nickel minerals weight is reference, be equipped with 3% fluorite, 18% Wingdale, coke 18%, fragmentation is sieved the back at 700-1000 ℃ of sintering temperature, directly drop in the electric furnace again and smelt, obtain nickel chromium triangle and bore iron product, mainly contain nickel 15%, chromium 20%, iron 54%, carbon 1.2%, cobalt 0.7%, silicon 0.8% in the product.
Embodiment four: nickeliferous 2.4% in the raw ore, iron 33%, chromium 3.5%, cobalt 0.4%, crystal water 17.35%; With nickel minerals weight is reference, is equipped with 5% fluorite, 24% lime, the fragmentation back of sieving and mixes with 25% breeze, and the adding nickel chromium triangle oxide skin 4% of giving up stirs with suitable quantity of water glass again, and the water glass consumption gets final product so that material is bonded together.With pressure ball mechanism ball, pelletizing granularity 1-5cm.Directly drop in the electric furnace again after drying and smelt, obtain nickel chromium triangle ferro-cobalt product, mainly contain nickel 19%, chromium 22%, iron 76%, carbon 0.8%, brill 0.7%, silicon 0.9% in the product.
Embodiment five: nickeliferous 2.5% in the raw ore, iron 27%, chromium 3.8%, cobalt 0.3%, crystal water 14.3%; With raw ore weight is reference, be equipped with 6% fluorite, 18% unslaked lime, mix with 22% breeze the fragmentation back of sieving, add useless nickel chromium triangle flue dust 8% again, directly drop in the electric furnace and smelt, obtain nickel chromium triangle and bore iron product, mainly contain nickel 4-23%, chromium 21%, iron 81%, carbon 0.7%, cobalt 1.2%, silicon 0.7% in the product.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of technique for smelting nickel-cobalt-ferrum by nickel oxide ore through electrical furnace mainly comprises the steps:
With raw ore weight is reference, adds fluorite 1-6%, is reference according to the raw ore amount simultaneously, and adding unslaked lime 12%-18% allocates coke into or breeze 18-25% makes reductive agent; Smelt after the mixing.
2, a kind of technique for smelting nickel-cobalt-ferrum by nickel oxide ore through electrical furnace mainly comprises the steps:
With raw ore weight is reference, adds fluorite 1-6%, is reference according to the raw ore amount simultaneously, and adding Wingdale 18%-24% allocates coke into or breeze 18-25% makes reductive agent; Smelt after the mixing.
3, technique for smelting nickel-cobalt-ferrum by nickel oxide ore through electrical furnace as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein raw ore contains crystal water and is not more than at 20% o'clock and smelts directly into stove, and raw ore contains crystal water and surpasses and reenter stove after 20% o'clock elder generation's sintering or the oven dry and smelt.
4, technique for smelting nickel-cobalt-ferrum by nickel oxide ore through electrical furnace as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that with raw ore weight be reference, described fluorite add-on is 1%, be reference by raw ore weight simultaneously, adding coke or breeze is 18%, the unslaked lime add-on is 12%, perhaps by the alternative unslaked lime of 18% Wingdale.
5, technique for smelting nickel-cobalt-ferrum by nickel oxide ore through electrical furnace as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that described fluorite, unslaked lime or Wingdale, coke or breeze mixing and stirring are dropped in the stove.
6, technique for smelting nickel-cobalt-ferrum by nickel oxide ore through electrical furnace as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: raw ore contains crystal water and above 20% o'clock compound is carried out sintering or oven dry fed to boiler under 700-1000 ℃ of temperature.
7, technique for smelting nickel-cobalt-ferrum by nickel oxide ore through electrical furnace as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that with described fluorite, unslaked lime or Wingdale, coke or breeze mixing and stirring add water glass with pressure ball mechanism ball, dry the back and drop in the stove, the pelletizing granularity is 1-5cm.
8, technique for smelting nickel-cobalt-ferrum by nickel oxide ore through electrical furnace as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that being reference with raw ore weight, goes into the stokehold and adds useless oxide skin of 4-8% Ni and Cr contained or Ni and Cr contained flue dust.
9, technique for smelting nickel-cobalt-ferrum by nickel oxide ore through electrical furnace as claimed in claim 1 or 2, CaO content is greater than 50% in the wherein said Wingdale, and CaO content is greater than 80% in the unslaked lime.
10, nickel oxide ore electrosmelting nickel chromium triangle ferro-cobalt technology as claimed in claim 1 or 2, CaF in the wherein said fluorite
2Content＞80%.
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| CN100595290C true CN100595290C (en) | 2010-03-24 |
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| CN110157900B (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-12-18 | 中南大学 | Method for producing high-nickel molten iron by low-grade laterite-nickel ore chain grate machine preheating and electric furnace melting separation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1733950A (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2006-02-15 | 刘沈杰 | Ferronickel smelting process of nickel oxide ore free of crystal water in blast furnace |
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| CN1733950A (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2006-02-15 | 刘沈杰 | Ferronickel smelting process of nickel oxide ore free of crystal water in blast furnace |
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