CN102719582B - Process for smelting low-quality complex ore - Google Patents
Process for smelting low-quality complex ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN102719582B CN102719582B CN201210227587.0A CN201210227587A CN102719582B CN 102719582 B CN102719582 B CN 102719582B CN 201210227587 A CN201210227587 A CN 201210227587A CN 102719582 B CN102719582 B CN 102719582B
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to a process for smelting low-quality complex ore. The process comprises the following steps of: adopting a small blast furnace with the size being 100m<3>-1100m<3>, carrying out coke-less smelting on the low-quality complex ore by utilizing high-temperature blowing equipment, adopting the low-quality complex ore as reference, and mixing and putting coal powder with the weight percentage being 13%-20%, fluorite with the weight percentage being 0.3%-1.5% and quick lime with the weight percentage being 6%-8% or replacing the fluorite with dolomite with the weight percentage being 1%-15% into the small blast furnace to prepare a nickel-chromium-cobalt-iron product. The process does not use coke in the smelting process, and is beneficial to the cost reduction. The smelting process has the advantages that the temperature is easily controlled, the production is easily controlled, the operation is convenient, and mechanization and automation are easily implemented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of metallurgy, particularly a kind of technique of smelting low-grade complex ore.
Background technology
Ferronickel is a kind of valuable resistance to oxidation metal, is the basic material of production structure steel, stainless steel and Heat resisting cast steel, can improve stainless solidity to corrosion, improves tensile strength, impelling strength, the deformability of steel, can also improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of steel.CN1237641A discloses a kind of technique by extracting nickel, copper, cobalt, magnesium and manufacture ferronickel in nickel sulfide concentrate, be nickel ore concentrate to be carried out in liquefied stoving oven to sulfurization roasting, then leach by sulphuric acid soln heated and stirred, more after filtration, make solid-liquid separation, soak after slag drying, at high temperature reduction, adds calcium chloride slag former, produce thick ferronickel at 1550 DEG C, electrolysis of solutions copper after deironing, more in addition chlorine oxidation is except cobalt, cobalt slag is produced cobalt powder or cobalt oxide through solution extraction.The technique of said extracted nickel is very complicated, and current nickelous sulfide store content deficiency, and resource presents crisis.
Summary of the invention
For the defect of prior art, main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of technique of smelting low-grade complex ore, breaks through burnt unicity of producing for blast furnace.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is to realize by technical scheme below:
The invention provides a kind of technique of smelting low-grade complex ore, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: to adopt the small furnace that is of a size of 100 cubic metres～1100 cubic metres, utilize high temperature to jet without the low-grade complex ore of coke for smelting, taking low-grade complex ore as reference, the coal dust that is 13%～20% by weight percentage, weight percentage is 0.3%～1.5% fluorite, and the weight percentage unslaked lime that is 6%～8%, or the rhombspar that is 1%～15% with weight percentage substitutes described fluorite and drops in described small furnace after being mixed and made into pelletizing, nickel chromium triangle ferro-cobalt product is prepared in smelting.
In a specific embodiments of the present invention, with reference to the weight of described pelletizing, by the coal cinder of 15%-25% routinely level put in described small furnace.
In a specific embodiments of the present invention, in described low-grade complex ore, the content weight ratio of ferro element is 8%～48%, the content weight ratio of chromium element is 0.6%～5%, the content weight ratio of cobalt element is 0.03%～0.09%, the content weight ratio of element silicon is 15%～43%, and the content weight ratio of nickel element is 1.5%～2.5%, and the content weight ratio of magnesium elements is 10%～28%, the content weight ratio of calcium constituent is 3%～12%, and the content weight ratio of crystal water is 13%～33%.
In another specific embodiments of the present invention, enter stokehold described complex ore, coal dust, fluorite or rhombspar and unslaked lime pulverizing are made to pelletizing.
In another specific embodiments of the present invention, taking low-grade complex ore as reference, the coal dust that operating weight percentage composition is 11%～15% carries out high temperature winding-up, and the winding-up temperature of described high temperature winding-up is 1550 DEG C～1650 DEG C.
In another specific embodiments of the present invention, the heat of described coal dust is 5500 kilocalorie～6500 kilocalories, is nanometer shape 4～20 nanometers for the coal dust degree of described high temperature winding-up.
In another specific embodiments of the present invention, the coal gas complementary energy that described small furnace is produced is for described pelletizing preheating, reenters stove after pelletizing is heated to 100 DEG C.
In another specific embodiments of the present invention, the former blast mouth of 3～4 described blast furnaces of transformation forms winding-up mouth, and makes the wind pressure ratio of the wind pressure ratio of described improved winding-up mouth and the former blast mouth of described blast furnace consistent, to reduce coal gas quantity discharged.
Compared with prior art, outstanding advantage and the positively effect of the present invention is:
1, in smelting process, do not use coke, break through burnt unicity of producing for blast furnace, reduce costs again energy efficient 40% left and right;
2, technique is simple, is easy to control temperature, and convenient operation is easy to realize mechanize and automatization, is applicable to suitability for industrialized production;
3, coal gas small furnace being produced, for described pelletizing preheating, takes full advantage of thermal source, save energy consumption.
The present invention smelts with small furnace low-grade complex ore without burnt high temperature winding-up, can obtain high-grade ferronickel chromium cobalt product.Can obtain the ferronickel chromium cobalt of nickeliferous 4.0%～22.0%, iron 48.0%～87.0%, chromium 3.6%～30.0%, cobalt 0.15%～0.30%.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further explained to explanation, the following example is only preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.One skilled in the art will appreciate that all amendments of making based on thought of the present invention and adjust and all belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
All content is calculated by weight percentage herein.
Embodiment mono-
In low-grade complex ore, contain ferro element 8.0%, chromium element 5.0%, cobalt element 0.03%, element silicon 15.0%, nickel element 2.5%, magnesium elements 10.0%, calcium constituent 3.0%, crystal water 13.0%; Taking low-grade complex ore as reference, be equipped with coal dust 15.0%, fluorite 3.0%, unslaked lime 6.0% or substitute fluorite with rhombspar 15%, complex ore, coal dust, fluorite or rhombspar, unslaked lime pulverizing are put in the small furnace that is of a size of 300 cubic metres after making pelletizing, used as reductive agent; With reference to the weight of described pelletizing, 20% coal cinder is put in described small furnace, be used for improving the temperature in small furnace; Carry out high temperature winding-up with coal dust 11%, the temperature of high temperature winding-up is 1550 DEG C and smelts complex ore, obtains nickel chromium triangle ferro-cobalt product, mainly contains nickel element 15%-15.2%, ferro element 48%-50%, chromium element 28%-30%, cobalt element 0.20% in product.
Embodiment bis-
In low-grade complex ore, contain ferro element 17.8%, chromium element 1.1%, cobalt element 0.04%, element silicon 23.4%, nickel element 1.8%, magnesium elements 15.6%, calcium constituent 4.1%, crystal water 18.1%; Taking low-grade complex ore as reference, be equipped with coal dust 18.1%, fluorite 0.55%, unslaked lime 6.5% or substitute fluorite with rhombspar 3.7%, complex ore, coal dust, fluorite or rhombspar, unslaked lime pulverizing are put in the small furnace that is of a size of 500 cubic metres after making pelletizing, used as reductive agent; With reference to the weight of described pelletizing, 25% coal cinder is put in described small furnace, be used for improving the temperature in small furnace; Carry out high temperature winding-up with coal dust 12%, the temperature of high temperature winding-up is 1570 DEG C and smelts complex ore, obtains nickel chromium triangle ferro-cobalt product, mainly contains nickel element 8.1%-8.4%, ferro element 80%-81%, chromium element 4.3%-4.5%, cobalt element 0.20% in product.
Embodiment tri-
In low-grade complex ore, contain ferro element 24.3%, chromium element 2.3%, cobalt element 0.06% element silicon 30.0%,, nickel element 2.0%, magnesium elements 21.3%, calcium constituent 6.3%, crystal water 21.5%; Taking low-grade complex ore as reference, be equipped with coal dust 13.0%, fluorite 0.87%, unslaked lime 7.1% or substitute fluorite with rhombspar 5.0%, complex ore, coal dust, fluorite or rhombspar, unslaked lime pulverizing are put in the small furnace that is of a size of 700 cubic metres after making pelletizing, used as reductive agent; With reference to the weight of described pelletizing, 21% coal cinder is put in described small furnace, be used for improving the temperature in small furnace; Carry out high temperature winding-up with coal dust 13%, the temperature of high temperature winding-up is 1600 DEG C and smelts complex ore, obtains nickel chromium triangle ferro-cobalt product, mainly contains nickel element 7.5%-7.8%, ferro element 72%-74%, chromium element 7.0%-7.2%, cobalt element 0.21% in product.
Embodiment tetra-
In low-grade complex ore, contain ferro element 33.1%, chromium element 3.5%, cobalt element 0.07%, element silicon 37.2%, nickel element 2.3%, magnesium elements 26.6%, calcium constituent 8.8%, crystal water 28.4%; Taking low-grade complex ore as reference, be equipped with coal dust 19.4%, fluorite 1.28%, unslaked lime 7.4% or substitute fluorite with rhombspar 6.5%, complex ore, coal dust, fluorite or rhombspar, unslaked lime pulverizing are put in the small furnace that is of a size of 900 cubic metres after making pelletizing, used as reductive agent; With reference to the weight of described pelletizing, 24% coal cinder is put in described small furnace, be used for improving the temperature in small furnace; Carry out high temperature winding-up with coal dust 14%, the temperature of high temperature winding-up is 1630 DEG C and smelts complex ore, obtains nickel chromium triangle ferro-cobalt product, mainly contains nickel element 5.1%-5.4%, ferro element 78%-80%, chromium element 6.0%-8.0%, cobalt element 0.28% in product.
Embodiment five
In low-grade complex ore, contain ferro element 48.0%, chromium element 5.0%, cobalt element 0.09%, element silicon 43.0%, nickel element 2.5%, magnesium elements 28.0%, calcium constituent 12.0%, crystal water 33.0%; Taking low-grade complex ore as reference, be equipped with coal dust 20.0%, fluorite 1.5%, unslaked lime 8.0% or substitute fluorite with rhombspar 8.0%, complex ore, coal dust, fluorite or rhombspar, unslaked lime pulverizing are put in the small furnace that is of a size of 1100 cubic metres after making pelletizing, used as reductive agent; With reference to the weight of described pelletizing, 23% coal cinder is put in described small furnace, be used for improving the temperature in small furnace; Carry out high temperature winding-up with coal dust 15%, the temperature of high temperature winding-up is 1650 DEG C and smelts complex ore, obtains nickel chromium triangle ferro-cobalt product, mainly contains nickel element 4.0%-4.5%, ferro element 77%-81%, chromium element 7.0%-8.0%, cobalt element 0.18% in product.
Claims (7)
1. smelt the technique of low-grade complex ore for one kind; it is characterized in that comprising the steps: to adopt the small furnace that is of a size of 100 cubic metres～1100 cubic metres; utilize high temperature to jet without the low-grade complex ore of coke for smelting; taking low-grade complex ore as reference; the unslaked lime that the fluorite that the coal dust that is 13%～20% by weight percentage, weight percentage are 0.3%～1.5% and weight percentage are 6%～8%; or the rhombspar that is 1%～15% with weight percentage substitutes described fluorite and drop in described small furnace after being mixed and made into pelletizing, smelt and prepare nickel chromium triangle ferro-cobalt product; With reference to the weight of described pelletizing, by the coal cinder of 15%-25% routinely level put in described small furnace.
2. the technique of the low-grade complex ore of smelting according to claim 1, the content weight ratio that it is characterized in that ferro element in described low-grade complex ore is 8%～48%, the content weight ratio of chromium element is 0.6%～5%, the content weight ratio of cobalt element is 0.03%～0.09%, the content weight ratio of element silicon is 15%～43%, the content weight ratio of nickel element is 1.5%～2.5%, the content weight ratio of magnesium elements is 10%～28%, the content weight ratio of calcium constituent is 3%～12%, and the content weight ratio of crystal water is 13%～33%.
3. the technique of the low-grade complex ore of smelting according to claim 1, is characterized in that, into stokehold, described complex ore, coal dust, fluorite or rhombspar and unslaked lime pulverizing are made to pelletizing.
4. the technique of the low-grade complex ore of smelting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that taking low-grade complex ore as reference, operating weight percentage composition is that 11%～15% coal dust carries out high temperature winding-up, and the winding-up temperature of described high temperature winding-up is 1550 DEG C～1650 DEG C.
5. the technique of the low-grade complex ore of smelting according to claim 1, the heat that it is characterized in that described coal dust is 5500 kilocalorie～6500 kilocalories, is nanometer shape 4～20 nanometers for the coal dust degree of described high temperature winding-up.
6. the technique of the low-grade complex ore of smelting according to claim 1, is characterized in that the coal gas complementary energy that described small furnace is produced is for described pelletizing preheating, reenters stove after pelletizing is heated to 100 DEG C.
7. the technique of the low-grade complex ore of smelting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the former blast mouth of transforming 3～4 described blast furnaces forms winding-up mouth, and make the wind pressure ratio of the wind pressure ratio of described improved winding-up mouth and the former blast mouth of described blast furnace consistent, to reduce coal gas quantity discharged.
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Patent Citations (6)
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| US5749939A (en) * | 1996-12-04 | 1998-05-12 | Armco Inc. | Melting of NI laterite in making NI alloyed iron or steel |
| CN1769500A (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2006-05-10 | 刘光火 | Niccochromite smelting process for producing nickel chromium pig iron |
| CN1743476A (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2006-03-08 | 刘沈杰 | Nickel-iron smelting process from nickel oxide ore containing crystal water through blast furnace |
| CN101285129A (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2008-10-15 | 马和平 | Production process of modem blast furnace nickel smelting for nickel concentrate |
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