CN109477155A - Manufacture have the manganese of required content, nickel, molybdenum ferrochrome method - Google Patents
Manufacture have the manganese of required content, nickel, molybdenum ferrochrome method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109477155A CN109477155A CN201780042647.2A CN201780042647A CN109477155A CN 109477155 A CN109477155 A CN 109477155A CN 201780042647 A CN201780042647 A CN 201780042647A CN 109477155 A CN109477155 A CN 109477155A
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 229
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 134
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ni+2] BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- AETNJTRVQSSXDF-UHFFFAOYSA-H [Mo+6].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound [Mo+6].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O AETNJTRVQSSXDF-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AEJIMXVJZFYIHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Cu] AEJIMXVJZFYIHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011656 manganese carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006748 manganese carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940093474 manganese carbonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- IPJKJLXEVHOKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mn+2] IPJKJLXEVHOKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000016 manganese(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002751 molybdenum Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GDXTWKJNMJAERW-UHFFFAOYSA-J molybdenum(4+);tetrahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mo+4] GDXTWKJNMJAERW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000008 nickel(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012476 oxidizable substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- WPCMRGJTLPITMF-UHFFFAOYSA-I niobium(5+);pentahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Nb+5] WPCMRGJTLPITMF-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 AISI 400) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910015136 FeMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MWRWFPQBGSZWNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N2CN(N=O)CN1CN(N=O)C2 MWRWFPQBGSZWNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002555 FeNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004534 SiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKULTISBNPLSEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ni].[Mo].[Mn] Chemical compound [Ni].[Mo].[Mn] JKULTISBNPLSEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003483 aging Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- STZJANGYOWJEPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo].OC(O)=O STZJANGYOWJEPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- AZMQGJINSTTZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-J manganese(2+);disulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O AZMQGJINSTTZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemanganese Chemical compound [Mn]=S CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5264—Manufacture of alloyed steels including ferro-alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C35/00—Master alloys for iron or steel
- C22C35/005—Master alloys for iron or steel based on iron, e.g. ferro-alloys
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The method for manufacturing the ferrochrome of the manganese with required content, nickel and molybdenum, include the steps that the reunion for providing the material comprising iron content and chromium or fine feed material and at least one of following: raw material containing manganese, nickel bearing raw material and raw material containing molybdenum, content are enough to provide the manganese content of 0.0-70.0 weight %；The nickel content of 0.0-50.0 weight %；The molybdenum content of optional 0.0-40.0 weight %.Therefore, melting charging melting together with reducing agent and flux material can be used for for example manufacturing different type of stainless steel to obtain the ferrochrome of the manganese with required content, nickel and molybdenum.
Description
A kind of method of the ferrochrome of manganese, nickel and molybdenum the present invention relates to manufacture with required content.
Herein, " required " refers to forming for the ferrochrome obtained by this method.
The main component of stainless steel is iron and chromium, and depends on the type of stainless steel, and in addition there are also in nickel, manganese and molybdenum
It is at least one.Stainless steel is generally divided into ferrite (such as AISI 400), austenite (such as AISI 200,300) and two-phase system
Column.Two phase stainless steel has the performance from ferrite and austenitic steel.Chromium content in stainless steel is more than 10.5 weight %.Certain
The stainless steel of a little steel grades also includes manganese, such as 200 series, and wherein nickel is at least partly replaced by manganese.Manganese source is usually that manganese iron closes
Gold, silicomangan or electrolytic manganese.Nickel content in 300 series stainless steel of austenite is up to 8-12 weight %, but different steel grades
Between have differences.For example, nickel content is lower in 200 series, usually 0-7 weight %, and in certain special stainless steels
In, up to 30 weight %.Nickel is a kind of raw material of valuableness, availability and price time to time change.For stainless steel
Nickel source in making is usually resistance to acid waste products, ferronickel and pure nickel cathode.
Steel has good recuperability, and the pith of stainless steel making is based on stainless steel and carbon steel waste material.However,
In this method, it is also necessary to enrichment in recycling of the fresh feed of key element to obtain required steel grade and for diluting steel
Possibility impurity.The example of melting batch as poor 300 series stainless steel from old metal can be as follows: 50 weight %
300 serial waste materials (Mn of the Cr of 18 weight %, the Ni of 8 weight %, 1 weight %)；The carbon steel waste material of 30 weight % is (mainly
Fe)；The high-carbon FeCr (C of 7 weight %, the Cr of 65 weight %) of 14 weight %；The nickel agglomerate (mainly Ni) of 4 weight % and 1
The high-carbon FeMn (7 weight %, the Mn of 65 weight %) of weight %.Have in the last composition of the mixture about 18 weight % Cr, 8
The C of the Ni of weight %, the Mn of 1 weight % and 1 weight %.
Chromium forms chromium oxide skin covering of the surface, keeps stainless steel corrosion-resistant.At high temperature, chromium also will increase anti-squama (scaling
resistance)。
Nickel stable austenite structure simultaneously improves ductility, and stainless steel is made to be easier to shape.Nickel also improves elevated temperature strength and resistance to
Corrosivity, especially in industry and marine environment, chemistry, food and textile process industry.
Manganese is in room temperature or close to the stability of promotion austenite at room temperature and improves hot rolling performance.Add 2 weight % of highest
Manganese intensity, ductility and toughness are not influenced.Manganese as nickel in the austenitic stainless steel of 200 steel series partly or completely
Full substitute is important.
Molybdenum improves corrosion resistance, intensity and creep resistance under high temperature.It is expanded blunt especially in chloride environment
State range counteracts the tendency to form dent.
The ferrochrome of manganese, nickel and molybdenum it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of manufacture with required content changes
Into method, it is characterised in that the high-recovery of required element such as chromium, iron, manganese, nickel and molybdenum.
It has realized that the ferrochrome for producing the manganese with required content, nickel and molybdenum is to reduce any stainless steel
The most rational method of production cost.The minimum of power consumption and maximum capacity is obtained from process equipment improve stainless steel
The profit margin and competitiveness of production.Compared with the exemplary resource used in the stainless steel alloy step, the present invention is able to use more
Cheap manganese, nickel and molybdenum source.
Be conducive to it has been found that adding the raw material containing manganese, nickel and molybdenum into the material of iron content and chromium when producing aggregate
It manufactures the aggregate being heat-treated accordingly and manufactures corresponding siderochrome manganese nickel-molybdenum alloy.For purposes of this description, " there is institute
Term involved in the ferrochrome of the manganese of content, nickel and molybdenum that need " be abbreviated as " FeCrMn ", " FeCrNi ", " FeCrMo ",
" FeCrNiMo ", " FeCrMnMo ", " FeCrMnNi " and " FeCrMnNiMo ".Ferrochrome usually also containing carbon, silicon and
Reduction and other elements that are more unstable as oxide form under hot conditions and will not being evaporated under melting condition.
The present invention relates to a kind of method that manufacture has the ferrochrome of the manganese of required content, nickel and molybdenum, the wherein party
Method the following steps are included:
It provides comprising iron-bearing materials and chromate-containing materials and optional raw material containing manganese, optional nickel bearing raw material and optional contains
The incoming mixture of molybdenum raw material；
The amount of iron-bearing materials and chromate-containing materials that the incoming mixture contains is enough to provide 5-75 in incoming mixture
The iron content of weight %, and be enough to provide the chromium content of 5-70 weight % in incoming mixture；
The amount for the raw material containing manganese that the incoming mixture contains is enough to provide the manganese of 0-70 weight % in incoming mixture
Content；
The amount for the nickel bearing raw material that the incoming mixture contains is enough to provide the nickel of 0-50 weight % in incoming mixture
Content；
The amount for the raw material containing molybdenum that the incoming mixture contains is enough to provide the nickel of 0-40 weight % in incoming mixture
Content；
Incoming mixture is mixed with reducing agent and fluxing agent to obtain melting charging；With
Melting described in melting is fed to obtain the siderochrome conjunction of manganese, nickel and molybdenum with required content in melting container
Gold.
The amount for the iron-bearing materials that the incoming mixture contains is enough to provide 5-75 weight %'s in incoming mixture
Iron content provides the iron content of 10-50 weight % preferably in incoming mixture, 10- is more preferably provided in incoming mixture
The iron content of 45 weight % provides the iron content of 10-30 weight % even more preferably in incoming mixture.
The amount for the chromate-containing materials that the incoming mixture contains is enough to provide 5-70 weight %'s in incoming mixture
Chromium content provides the chromium content of 12-50 weight % preferably in incoming mixture, 12- is more preferably provided in incoming mixture
The chromium content of 35 weight %.
The amount for the raw material containing manganese that the incoming mixture contains is enough to provide 0.01-70 weight % in incoming mixture
Manganese content；It is preferred that providing the manganese content of 0.01-40 weight % in incoming mixture, more preferably provided in incoming mixture
The manganese content of 0.01-30 weight % provides the manganese content of 0.01-25 weight % even more preferably in incoming mixture.
The amount for the nickel bearing raw material that the incoming mixture contains is enough to provide 0.01-50 weight % in incoming mixture
Nickel content；It is preferred that providing the nickel content of 0.01-30 weight % in incoming mixture, more preferably provided in incoming mixture
The nickel content of 0.01-25 weight % provides the nickel content of 0.01-20 weight % even more preferably in incoming mixture.
The amount for the raw material containing molybdenum that the incoming mixture contains is enough to provide 0.01-40 weight % in incoming mixture
Molybdenum content, preferably in incoming mixture provide 0.01-30 weight % molybdenum content, more preferably provided in incoming mixture
The molybdenum content of 0.01-10 weight %.
Melting charging can be the form or non-aggregated form reunited or their mixture.
In some type of stainless steel, copper and/or niobium (also referred to as columbium Columbium) are also with a small amount of alloying (main
In the stainless steel of steel grade, copper is impurity).In order to increase the copper and content of niobium of alloy, copper-containing raw material can also be used as reunion into
Material is added into melting as fine charging.The amount for the copper-containing raw material that incoming mixture can contain is enough feeding
0.01-30 weight %, preferably 0.5-30 weight %, more preferable 0.5-10 weight %, most preferably 0.5-5 weight are provided in mixture
Measure the copper content of %.The amount containing niobium (also referred to as columbium Columbium) raw material that incoming mixture can contain is enough mixed in charging
It closes and 0.01-30 weight %, preferably 0.5-30 weight %, more preferable 0.5-10 weight %, most preferably 0.5-5 weight % is provided in object
Content of niobium.
Copper is added in stainless steel to increase its repellence to certain corrosive environments.Copper is also reduced to stress corruption
It loses the sensibility of cracking and provides age-hardening effect.
Niobium reduces the sensibility to intercrystalline corrosion in conjunction with carbon.Niobium serves as grain refiner and promotes ferritic shape
At.
The content of manganese, nickel and molybdenum in melting charging can be selected according to the requirement of final products (stainless steel), so as to
Make the consumption of the alloying element of tradition (usually expensive) minimum in the refining stage (blowing, alloying) then of stainless steel
Change.The ferrochrome of the generated manganese with required content, nickel and molybdenum can also in steps downstream followed by
It waste material addition and/or is refined and/or desaturation with conventional alloys substance alloying.The composition example of each type of stainless steel is shown in table
In 1-4.
All raw materials used in the method according to the invention can contain certain impurity (typical slag former), such as
Al2O3、MgO、CaO、SiO2With the oxide similar with them.The ferrochrome concentrate used in conventional FeCr melting and fluxing
Also contain similar compound in agent.Therefore, it when guidance to smelt stage, does not need to remove these impurity from raw material.With
It is compared using alloying element (such as FeMn, SiMn, FeNi or FeMo) highly refined used in the production of traditional stainless steel, this
Make it possible for manganese, nickel and the molybdenum source of low cost.According to the present invention, reduce the consumption of traditional alloying elements.
Raw material containing manganese is solid chemical compound, usually manganese ore or manganic concerntrate.Manganese can be used as manganese oxide, manganous hydroxide,
Manganese metal, manganese carbonate, manganese sulfide, manganese sulfate manganese salt or similar compound and their any mixture and exist.Containing manganese original
Material contains molybdenum material containing such as calcining.
Nickel bearing raw material is solid chemical compound, usually contains at least part of following substance: nickel hydroxide, nickelous carbonate, oxygen
Change nickel, nickel sulfide, metallic nickel, nickel sulfate or other compounds and their any mixture and/or known nickel salt.Contain
Nickel raw material is containing the calcining nickel ore concentrate for example from sulfide mine ore dressing (beneficiation), or adds from lateritic nickel ore
Intermediate product in work the step of hydrometallurgy process.
Raw material containing molybdenum is solid chemical compound, usually molybdenum ore or molybdenum concentrate.Molybdenum can be used as molybdenum oxide, molybdenum hydroxide,
Molybdenum salt, metal molybdenum, carbonic acid molybdenum, molybdenum sulfide, molybdenum trisulfate or similar compound and their any mixture and exist.Molybdenum source
It can be used as the intermediate product from chemical industry or ore dressing process and occur.Raw material containing molybdenum contains molybdenum materials containing such as calcining
Material.
Copper-containing raw material is solid chemical compound, usually Copper Ores or copper concentrate.Copper can be used as copper oxide, copper sulfide, sulphur
Sour copper, metallic copper, Kocide SD, mantoquita or similar compound or their any mixture and exist.
Melting container for melting charging can be that any type, wherein melting and reduction energy are originated from chemistry and/or electricity
Energy.Melting container can be the heat size device of such as AC, DC or electric induction furnace or gas heating stove or oxidizable substance heating furnace.
Preferably, reunite for producing the melting charging of the ferrochrome of the manganese with required content, nickel and molybdenum and being used as
The form of object, more preferably as the particle of sintering, and preferably carried out before burried arc furnace melting preheating and with carbon based reductive also
It is former.
Melting charging can also be restored with reducing gas, but more preferable reduction with carbon, be gone back with obtaining the required of melting charging
Former degree.
Energy for melting can be provided by chemical energy or/and electric energy；If melting charging is the aggregate of mechanical resistance
Form, then preferably in burried arc furnace.Preferably, it cannot ensure the appropriate air-flow from reaction zone if melting charging is too thin,
Then melting can be carried out with the method for open/semi-open slot.
Melting charging in preceding method can be pre-processed before melting, and such method such as grinding reunites, is dry
Dry, calcining, heat treatment, prereduction, preheating and any combination similar to these method and these methods.
In another embodiment, melting charging according to the present invention is also helped comprising at least one as herein defined
Flux.Preferred fluxing agent includes the material or its any mixture of siliceous, aluminium, calcium and magnesium.This flux material includes example
Such as quartz, bauxite, olivine, wollastonite, lime and dolomite.The mixture of above-mentioned flux material can be used, this takes
The certainly ratio of the slagging components in the melting charging of not fluxing agent.
In preferred embodiments, the major part of melting raw material is the aggregate or massive of reduction with carbon agent reduction
Stone.Submerged arc AC furnace is used together with preheating kiln.Main fluxing is used as usually using quartz.It is fluxing that other can also be added
Agent, such as lime stone, olivine, bauxite or dolomite, to adjust slag charge chemical property.
As reuniting, charging or blocky charging or the melting of fine incoming mixture charging can also be containing their mixing
Object.For example, the fine mixed feeding as melting charging contains blocky feed material as other feed material, such as institute
Fluxing agent, reducing agent, possible residue or the pyrometallurgy slag charge needed.
For purposes of this description, term " carbonaceous material " represents any compound for being used as element carbon source, can be in smelting
Experience is oxidized into carbon dioxide in golden process (such as melting).The representative instance of carbonaceous material is carbide, coke, carbon, coal
With anthracite and combinations thereof.
Novel ferrochrome (manganese, nickel and molybdenum with required content) production technology as described herein is based on use and contains
Iron, chromium incoming mixture are fed as melting, the following element of at least one with variable content: manganese, nickel and molybdenum.Due to it
The composition of the content of manganese, nickel and molybdenum, the incoming mixture is advantageous melting.The use of these feed materials reduces often
The fusion process energy of the ferrochrome of secondary releasing, improves energy efficiency and realizes high production rate.Have been observed that containing
The melting of manganese, nickel or molybdenum, which is fed, to be easier to restore in solid state reduction, because reducing gas such as CO ratio is in common ferrochrome melting
In the case where more energetically reduction charging.Another benefit is, compared with traditional FeCr melting, especially in ferrochrome
The combination of manganese and nickel reduces the liquidus temperature of alloy.Compared with traditional FeCr melting, these above-mentioned factors reduce jointly
Power consumption simultaneously significantly improves kinetics (better metal recovery rate).In addition, if by ferrochrome melting with
Stainless Steel Plant is integrated, and Stainless Steel Plant can be imported using more key elements as the ferrochrome of melting, with conventional mode
It compares, saves energy when melting ferrochrome, wherein most key element is all by solid matter melting.
In an embodiment of this method, incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
1.5-35 weight %, preferably 2-25 weight %, the Mn of more preferable 2-20 weight %,
Lower than the Ni of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %.
In an embodiment of this method, incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
1.0-30 weight %, preferably 2-26 weight %, more preferable 2-24 weight %, the most preferably Ni of 2-20 weight %,
Lower than the Mn of 35 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %.
In an embodiment of this method, incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
0.5-30 weight %, preferably 1-10 weight %, the Mo of more preferable 1-5 weight %,
Lower than the Mn of 35 weight %,
Lower than the Ni of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %.
In an embodiment of this method, incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
0.5-30 weight %, preferably 1-10 weight %, the Cu of more preferable 1-5 weight %,
Lower than the Mn of 35 weight %,
Lower than the Ni of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %.
In an embodiment of this method, incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
0.5-30 weight %, preferably 1-10 weight %, the Nb of more preferable 1-5 weight %,
Lower than the Mn of 35 weight %,
Lower than the Ni of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %.
In an embodiment of this method, incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
1.0-35 weight %, preferably 2-25 weight %, the Mn of more preferable 2-20 weight %,
1.0-30 weight %, preferably 1-26 weight %, more preferable 1-24 weight %, the most preferably Ni of 1-20 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %.
In an embodiment of this method, incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
1.0-35 weight %, preferably 2-25 weight %, the Mn of more preferable 2-20 weight %,
1.0-30 weight %, preferably 1-26 weight %, more preferable 1-24 weight %, the most preferably Ni of 1-20 weight %,
0.5-30 weight %, preferably 1-10 weight %, the Mo of more preferable 1-5 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %.
In an embodiment of this method, incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
1.5-35 weight %, preferably 2-25 weight %, the Mn of more preferable 2-20 weight %,
Lower than the Ni of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %,
Surplus is Fe, Cr and inevitable impurity, such as Ti, V, S, Mg, Ca, Si and Al.
In an embodiment of this method, incoming mixture is contained with mass percent:
1.0-30 weight %, preferably 2-26 weight %, more preferable 2-24 weight %, the most preferably Ni of 2-20 weight %,
Lower than the Mn of 35 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %,
Surplus is Fe, Cr and inevitable impurity, such as Ti, V, S, Mg, Ca, Si and Al.
In an embodiment of this method, incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
0.5-30 weight %, preferably 1-10 weight %, the Mo of more preferable 1-5 weight %,
Lower than the Mn of 35 weight %,
Lower than the Ni of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %,
Surplus is Fe, Cr and inevitable impurity, such as Ti, V, S, Mg, Ca, Si and Al.
In an embodiment of this method, incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
0.5-30 weight %, preferably 1-10 weight %, the Cu of more preferable 1-5 weight %,
Lower than the Mn of 35 weight %,
Lower than the Ni of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %,
Surplus is Fe, Cr and inevitable impurity, such as Ti, V, S, Mg, Ca, Si and Al.
In an embodiment of this method, incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
0.5-30 weight %, preferably 1-10 weight %, the Nb of more preferable 1-5 weight %,
Lower than the Mn of 35 weight %,
Lower than the Ni of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %,
Surplus is Fe, Cr and inevitable impurity, such as Ti, V, S, Mg, Ca, Si and Al.
In an embodiment of this method, incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
1.0-35 weight %, preferably 2-25 weight %, the Mn of more preferable 2-20 weight %,
1.0-30 weight %, preferably 1-26 weight %, more preferable 1-24 weight %, the most preferably Ni of 1-20 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %,
Surplus is Fe, Cr and inevitable impurity, such as Ti, V, S, Mg, Ca, Si and Al.
In an embodiment of this method, incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
1.0-35 weight %, preferably 2-25 weight %, the Mn of more preferable 2-20 weight %,
1.0-30 weight %, preferably 1-26 weight %, more preferable 1-24 weight %, the most preferably Ni of 1-20 weight %,
0.5-30 weight %, preferably 1-10 weight %, the Mo of more preferable 1-5 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %,
Surplus is Fe, Cr and inevitable impurity, such as Ti, V, S, Mg, Ca, Si and Al.
In an embodiment of this method, incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
2-30 weight %, preferably 5-30 weight %, the Mn of more preferable 10-30 weight %,
0.1-20 weight %, preferably 0.1-15 weight %, the Ni of more preferable 0.1-11 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %.
Using one of selected manganese content the reason is that realizing high compressive strength under low heat treatment temperature, this
Mean that energy needed for heat treatment is low.In addition, cheap manganese source can be utilized in the production of certain stainless steels.Manganese also replaces
Expensive nickel in (austenite) stainless steel.Manganese and nickel in FeCr all reduce the liquidus point of ferroalloy.High manganese content increases
The strong reducibility of the aggregate of heat treatment.Using one of selected nickel content the reason is that the nickel of each addition all enhances
Process chain (process chain).Higher nickel amount is not needed, because the stainless steel containing manganese will replace nickel.However, higher
Nickel amount is suitable.In addition, the nickel-containing material of low cost can be used that ferroalloy is made in W metal.
In an embodiment of this method, incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
0.1-20 weight %, preferably 0.1-15 weight %, the Mn of more preferable 0.1-10 weight %,
2-30 weight %, preferably 1-20 weight %, the Ni of more preferable 2-12 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %.
Using one of selected manganese content the reason is that in alkaline austenitic steel, manganese content is restricted.Therefore, excellent
The active addition of manganese in FeCrNi (Mn) is limited in a certain amount of by choosing.However, the manganese of each addition is all beneficial to produce ferroalloy
Process chain.Addition manganese minimizes the demand to additional fluxing agent.Manganese enters ferrochrome together with nickel, reduces metal
Liquidus curve.
Using one of selected nickel content the reason is that with iron content and the material containing chromium mixes and combined nickel
It is advantageous and enhances this method, especially in reduction phase.In addition, a large amount of stainless steel contains nickel as main body gold
Belong to, and the nickel amount of each addition is preferred for whole process chain.
In an embodiment of this method, incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
2-30 weight %, preferably 5-30 weight %, the Mn of more preferable 10-30 weight %,
0.1-20 weight %, preferably 0.1-15 weight %, the preferably Ni of 0.1-11 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %,
Surplus is Fe, Cr and inevitable impurity, such as Ti, V, S, Mg, Ca, Si and Al.
Using one of selected manganese content the reason is that realizing high compressive strength under low heat treatment temperature, this
Mean that energy needed for heat treatment is low.In addition, cheap manganese source can be utilized in the production of certain stainless steels.Manganese also replaces
Expensive nickel in (austenite) stainless steel.Manganese and nickel in FeCr all reduce the liquidus point of ferroalloy.High manganese content increases
The strong reducibility of the aggregate of heat treatment.
Using one of selected nickel content the reason is that the nickel of each addition all enhances process chain.It does not need higher
Nickel amount, because the stainless steel containing manganese will replace nickel.However, higher nickel amount is suitable.In addition, the nickeliferous of low cost can be used
Ferroalloy is made in W metal by material.
In an embodiment of this method, incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
0.1-20 weight %, preferably 0.1-15 weight %, the Mn of more preferable 0.1-10 weight %,
1-30 weight %, preferably 1-20 weight %, the Ni of more preferable 2-12 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %,
Surplus is Fe, Cr and inevitable impurity, such as Ti, V, S, Mg, Ca, Si and Al.
Using one of selected manganese content the reason is that in alkaline austenitic steel, manganese content is restricted.Therefore, excellent
The active addition of manganese in FeCrNi (Mn) is limited in a certain amount of by choosing.However, the manganese of each addition is all beneficial to produce ferroalloy
Process chain.Addition manganese minimizes the demand to additional fluxing agent.Manganese enters ferrochrome together with nickel, reduces metal
Liquidus curve.
Using one of selected nickel content the reason is that being mixed with the material of iron content and chromium and combined nickel is
It is advantageous and enhance this method, especially in reduction phase.In addition, a large amount of stainless steel contains nickel as base metal,
And the nickel amount of each addition is preferred for whole process chain.
In the method, may not be containing Cr materials 100% chromium, iron-bearing material may not be 100% iron, optional
Raw material containing manganese may not be 100% manganese, and optional nickel bearing raw material may not be 100% nickel, and optional raw material containing molybdenum may
It is not 100% molybdenum, optional copper-containing raw material may not be 100% copper, and optional may not be 100% containing niobium raw material
Niobium, it means that any of the raw material contains other elements, and in some cases, these elements may be designated as miscellaneous
Matter causes aggregate to feed thus in addition contains the other elements as impurity, i.e., is not added to actively in aggregate charging
Component.In some cases, as these other elements of impurity can in the composition from a few millionths of added material to
A few percent variation.For example, chromate-containing materials can also contain some manganese, conclusion is that material can be simultaneously containing as required and work
For several elements of impurity.
Reference Example 1
As Reference Example, process balances model is constructed, simulates the typical case of the FeCr alloy yield with 100000tpa
Ferrochrome method of smelting.In balance, use particle as principal feedstock material.The particle of sintering include chromite concentrate (no
Add manganese or nickel).
The sintered particles of 23.0t/h and the smelter coke of 6.6t/h and the quartz of 3.8t/h are supplied to preheating kiln together
In.600 DEG C of furnace incoming mixture is supplied to the submerged arc AC equipped there are three the closed of electrode and sealing from preheater
In furnace.The active power of furnace is 35.8MW (assuming that heat loss be 8%).
As product, the slag charge of the 11.2t/h at FeCr and 1700 DEG C of the 11.4t/h at 1580 DEG C is obtained.By
This specific energy consumption generated is the alloy 3135kWh of releasing per ton.Composition of alloy is the Fe of 38.7 weight %, 49.6 weight %
The Si of Cr, the C of 7.2 weight %, 4.5 weight %.
Embodiment 1
Process balances model is constructed, the new method of the FeCrMn alloy yield with 100000tpa is simulated.It is balancing
In, use particle as principal feedstock material.The particle of sintering includes the chromite concentrate of 70 weight % and the manganese of 30 weight %
Ore (carbonic acid alkali ore).The addition produces the particle of the sintering with 16.0 weight % manganese contents.
The sintered particles of 20.4t/h and the smelter coke of 5.8t/h and the quartz of 1.9t/h are supplied to preheating kiln together
In.600 DEG C of furnace incoming mixture is supplied to the submerged arc AC equipped there are three the closed of electrode and sealing from preheater
In furnace.The active power of furnace is 30.0MW (assuming that heat loss be 8%).
As product, the slag charge of the 7.1t/h at FeCrMn and 1688 DEG C of the 11.4t/h at 1568 DEG C is obtained.By
This specific energy consumption generated is the alloy 2628kWh of releasing per ton.Composition of alloy is the Fe of 31.4 weight %, 33.2 weight %
The C (because the amount of carbon can fluctuate in the process) of Mn, 6-9 weight % of Cr, 26.3 weight % and the Si of 3.0 weight %.
Embodiment 2
Process balances model is established, the new method of the FeCrMnNi alloy yield with 100000tpa is simulated.Flat
In weighing apparatus, use particle as principal feedstock material.The particle of sintering includes the manganese of the chromite concentrate of 40 weight %, 31 weight %
The nickel hydroxide of ore (carbonic acid alkali ore) and 29 weight %.The addition is produced with 17.5 weight % manganese contents and 16.1
The sintered particles of weight % nickel content.
The sintered particles of 18.1t/h and the smelter coke of 5.3t/h and the quartz of 1.7t/h are supplied to preheating kiln together
In.600 DEG C of furnace incoming mixture is supplied to the submerged arc AC equipped there are three the closed of electrode and sealing from preheater
In furnace.The active power of furnace is 24.6MW (assuming that thermal losses be 8%).
As product, the slag charge of the 5.1t/h at FeCrMnNi and 1567 DEG C of the 11.4t/h at 1447 DEG C is obtained.By
This specific energy consumption generated is the alloy 2155kWh of releasing per ton.Composition of alloy is the Fe of 20.9 weight %, 19.5 weight %
The C amount of carbon (because can fluctuate in the process) of Ni, 5-8 weight % of Cr, the Mn of 25.5 weight %, 25.1 weight % and
The Si of 3.0 weight %.
Conclusion
In table 2, the furnace size and energy consumption of embodiment are given.In all cases, it is assumed that identical 100000tpa's
Alloy yield (100% utilization rate), make they each other it is comparable compared with.
Table 5: furnace power and energy consumption
| Example | Types of alloys | Furnace size | Specific energy consumption |
| No. | - | MW | KWh/ tons of alloys |
| 1 (reference example) | FeCr | 35.8 | 3135 |
| 2 | FeCrMn25 | 30.0 | 2628 |
| 3 | FeCrMn25Ni25 | 24.6 | 2155 |
It can be seen that, best situation is clearly the production of FeCrMnNi alloy, because the energy consumption of alloy per ton is than traditional
FeCr alloy production reduces about 30%.The energy is usually one of main OPEX component part in smelting furnace operation.
It is compared with the traditional method, another significant difference of new method is lower slag charge in new method/metal ratio.So
And, if it is desired, it can be improved according to the requirement of method, and it depends on the gangue mineral matter of melting feed material.
Another principal benefits of new method are for the resource used in the stainless steel alloy step, manganese, nickel and
Molybdenum source is obviously cheap.In new method, manganese, nickel and molybdenum have cost-effectively included in the alloy for entering stainless steel manufacturing method
In.In addition, if ferrochrome melting and Stainless Steel Plant integrated, at least partly ferrochrome production can be used as melting behaviors and
It is imported into Stainless Steel Plant, this is even more cost effective.
Claims (38)
1. the method for manufacturing the ferrochrome of the manganese with required content, nickel and molybdenum, comprising the following steps:
It provides comprising iron-bearing materials and chromate-containing materials and optional raw material containing manganese, optional nickel bearing raw material and optional former containing molybdenum
The incoming mixture of material；
The amount of iron-bearing materials and chromate-containing materials that the incoming mixture contains is enough to provide 5-75 weight in incoming mixture
The iron content of % is measured, and is enough to provide the chromium content of 5-70 weight % in incoming mixture；
The amount for the raw material containing manganese that the incoming mixture contains is enough to provide the manganese content of 0-70 weight % in charging；
The amount for the nickel bearing raw material that the incoming mixture contains is enough to provide the nickel content of 0-50 weight % in charging；
The amount for the raw material containing molybdenum that the incoming mixture contains is enough to provide the molybdenum content of 0-40 weight % in charging；
Incoming mixture is mixed with reducing agent and fluxing agent to obtain melting charging；With
The charging of melting described in melting is in melting container to obtain the ferrochrome of manganese with required content, nickel and molybdenum.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the amount for the raw material containing manganese that the incoming mixture contains is enough to mix in charging
The manganese content of 0.01-70 weight % is provided in object；It is preferred that providing the manganese content of 0.01-40 weight % in incoming mixture, more
It is preferred that providing the manganese content of 0.01-30 weight % in incoming mixture, 0.01- is even more preferably provided in incoming mixture
The manganese content of 25 weight %.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein raw material containing manganese includes manganese oxide, manganous hydroxide, manganese metal, manganese carbonate, sulphur
Change any one of manganese, manganese sulfate, similar compound and their any mixture.
4. method as claimed in one of claims 1-3, wherein the amount for the nickel bearing raw material that the incoming mixture contains is enough
The nickel content of 0.01-50 weight % is provided in incoming mixture, provides 0.01-30 weight %'s preferably in incoming mixture
Nickel content provides the nickel content of 0.01-25 weight % more preferably in incoming mixture, more preferably provides in incoming mixture
The nickel content of 0.01-20 weight %.
5. method according to claim 4, wherein nickel bearing raw material includes nickel hydroxide, nickelous carbonate, metallic nickel, nickel oxide, vulcanization
Any one in nickel calcined product, similar compound and their any mixture after nickel, nickel sulfate, Roasting of Nickel Suphide Concentrate
Kind.
6. method as claimed in one of claims 1-5, wherein the amount for the raw material containing molybdenum that the incoming mixture contains is enough
The molybdenum content of 0.01-40 weight % is provided in incoming mixture, provides 0.01-30 weight %'s preferably in incoming mixture
Molybdenum content provides the molybdenum content of 0.01-10 weight % more preferably in incoming mixture.
7. method as claimed in one of claims 1-6, wherein raw material containing molybdenum includes molybdenum oxide, metal molybdenum, molybdenum hydroxide, sulphur
Change any one of molybdenum, molybdenum trisulfate, molybdenum salt, similar compound and their any mixture.
8. method as claimed in one of claims 1-7, wherein the amount for the copper-containing raw material that the incoming mixture contains is enough
0.01-30 weight %, preferably 0.5-30 weight %, more preferable 0.5-10 weight %, the most preferably copper of 0.5-5 weight % are provided
Content.
9. method according to claim 8, wherein copper-containing raw material includes copper oxide, Kocide SD, copper sulfide, metallic copper, sulfuric acid
Any one of copper, similar compound and their any mixture.
10. method as claimed in one of claims 1-9, wherein the amount containing niobium raw material that the incoming mixture contains is enough
0.01-30 weight %, preferably 0.5-30 weight %, more preferable 0.5-10 weight %, the most preferably niobium of 0.5-5 weight % are provided
Content.
11. method according to claim 10, wherein including niobium oxide, niobium hydroxide, metal niobium, vulcanization niobium, sulphur containing niobium raw material
Any one of sour niobium, similar compound and their any mixture.
12. any one of -11 method according to claim 1, wherein the incoming mixture is provided with agglomerated form, such as
In the form of particle, sinter or agglomerate or by non-aggregated fine-grained form or in the form of massive ore or with their mixing
The form of object provides.
13. any one of -12 method according to claim 1, wherein reducing agent include smelter coke, coke, anthracite, coal or
At least one of any other carbonaceous material or their mixture.
14. any one of -13 method according to claim 1, wherein fluxing agent includes in the material of siliceous, aluminium, calcium and magnesium
It is at least one.
15. any one of -14 method according to claim 1, wherein fluxing agent be quartz, bauxite, olivine, wollastonite,
Any one of lime, dolomite and pyrometallurgy slag charge or their any mixture.
16. any one of -15 method according to claim 1, wherein melting container is AC, DC or electric induction furnace or gas heating
The heat size device of furnace or oxidizable substance heating furnace.
17. any one of -16 method according to claim 1, wherein the amount foot for the iron-bearing materials that the incoming mixture contains
To provide the iron content of 5-75 weight % in incoming mixture, the iron of 10-50 weight % is provided preferably in incoming mixture
Content provides the iron content of 10-45 weight % more preferably in incoming mixture, even more preferably provides in incoming mixture
The iron content of 10-30 weight %.
18. any one of -17 method according to claim 1, wherein the amount foot for the chromate-containing materials that the incoming mixture contains
To provide the chromium content of 5-70 weight % in incoming mixture, the chromium of 12-50 weight % is provided preferably in incoming mixture
Content provides the chromium content of 12-35 weight % more preferably in incoming mixture.
19. any one of -18 method according to claim 1, wherein the incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
1.5-35 weight %, preferably 2-25 weight %, the Mn of more preferable 2-20 weight %,
Lower than the Ni of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %.
20. any one of -18 method according to claim 1, wherein the incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
1.0-30 weight %, preferably 2-26 weight %, more preferable 2-24 weight %, the most preferably Ni of 2-20 weight %,
Lower than the Mn of 35 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %.
21. any one of -18 method according to claim 1, wherein the incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
0.5-30 weight %, preferably 1-10 weight %, the Mo of more preferable 1-5 weight %,
Lower than the Mn of 35 weight %,
Lower than the Ni of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %.
22. any one of -18 method according to claim 1, wherein the incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
0.5-30 weight %, preferably 1-10 weight %, the Cu of more preferable 1-5 weight %,
Lower than the Mn of 35 weight %,
Lower than the Ni of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %.
23. any one of -18 method according to claim 1, wherein the incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
0.5-30 weight %, preferably 1-10 weight %, the Nb of more preferable 1-5 weight %,
Lower than the Mn of 35 weight %,
Lower than the Ni of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %.
24. any one of -18 method according to claim 1, wherein the incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
1.0-35 weight %, preferably 2-25 weight %, the Mn of more preferable 2-20 weight %,
1.0-30 weight %, preferably 1-26 weight %, more preferable 1-24 weight %, the most preferably Ni of 1-20 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %.
25. any one of -18 method according to claim 1, wherein the incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
1.0-35 weight %, preferably 2-25 weight %, the Mn of more preferable 2-20 weight %,
1.0-30 weight %, preferably 1-26 weight %, more preferable 1-24 weight %, the most preferably Ni of 1-20 weight %,
0.5-30 weight %, preferably 1-10 weight %, the Mo of more preferable 1-5 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %.
26. any one of -18 method according to claim 1, wherein the incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
1.5-35 weight %, preferably 2-25 weight %, the Mn of more preferable 2-20 weight %,
Lower than the Ni of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %,
Surplus is Fe, Cr and inevitable impurity, such as Ti, V, S, Mg, Ca, Si and Al.
27. any one of -18 method according to claim 1, wherein the incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
1.0-30 weight %, preferably 2-26 weight %, more preferable 2-24 weight %, the most preferably Ni of 2-20 weight %,
Lower than the Mn of 35 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %,
Surplus is Fe, Cr and inevitable impurity, such as Ti, V, S, Mg, Ca, Si and Al.
28. any one of -18 method according to claim 1, wherein the incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
0.5-30 weight %, preferably 1-10 weight %, the Mo of more preferable 1-5 weight %,
Lower than the Mn of 35 weight %,
Lower than the Ni of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %,
Surplus is Fe, Cr and inevitable impurity, such as Ti, V, S, Mg, Ca, Si and Al.
29. any one of -18 method according to claim 1, wherein the incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
0.5-30 weight %, preferably 1-10 weight %, the Cu of more preferable 1-5 weight %,
Lower than the Mn of 35 weight %,
Lower than the Ni of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %,
Surplus is Fe, Cr and inevitable impurity, such as Ti, V, S, Mg, Ca, Si and Al.
30. any one of -18 method according to claim 1, wherein the incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
0.5-30 weight %, preferably 1-10 weight %, the Nb of more preferable 1-5 weight %,
Lower than the Mn of 35 weight %,
Lower than the Ni of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %,
Surplus is Fe, Cr and inevitable impurity, such as Ti, V, S, Mg, Ca, Si and Al.
31. any one of -18 method according to claim 1, wherein the incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
1.0-35 weight %, preferably 2-25 weight %, the Mn of more preferable 2-20 weight %,
1.0-30 weight %, preferably 1-26 weight %, more preferable 1-24 weight %, the most preferably Ni of 1-20 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %,
Surplus is Fe, Cr and inevitable impurity, such as Ti, V, S, Mg, Ca, Si and Al.
32. any one of -18 method according to claim 1, wherein the incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
1.0-35 weight %, preferably 2-25 weight %, the Mn of more preferable 2-20 weight %,
1.0-30 weight %, preferably 1-26 weight %, more preferable 1-24 weight %, the most preferably Ni of 1-20 weight %,
0.5-30 weight %, preferably 1-10 weight %, the Mo of more preferable 1-5 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %,
Surplus is Fe, Cr and inevitable impurity, such as Ti, V, S, Mg, Ca, Si and Al.
33. any one of -18 method according to claim 1, wherein the incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
2-30 weight %, preferably 5-30 weight %, the Mn of more preferable 10-30 weight %,
0.1-20 weight %, preferably 0.1-15 weight %, the Ni of more preferable 0.1-11 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %.
34. any one of -18 method according to claim 1, wherein the incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
0.1-20 weight %, preferably 0.1-15 weight %, the Mn of more preferable 0.1-10 weight %,
1-30 weight %, preferably 1-20 weight %, the Ni of more preferable 2-12 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %.
35. any one of -18 method according to claim 1, wherein the incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
2-30 weight %, preferably 5-30 weight %, the Mn of more preferable 10-30 weight %,
0.1-15 weight %, preferably 0.1-15 weight %, the Ni of more preferable 0.1-11 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %,
Surplus is Fe, Cr and inevitable impurity, such as Ti, V, S, Mg, Ca, Si and Al.
36. any one of -18 method according to claim 1, wherein the incoming mixture contains by percentage to the quality:
0.1-20 weight %, preferably 0.1-15 weight %, the Mn of more preferable 0.1-10 weight %,
1-30 weight %, preferably 1-20 weight %, the Ni of more preferable 2-12 weight %,
Lower than the Mo of 30 weight %,
Lower than the Cu of 30 weight %, and
Lower than the Nb of 30 weight %,
Surplus is Fe, Cr and inevitable impurity, such as Ti, V, S, Mg, Ca, Si and Al.
37. the purposes to the ferrochrome of any one of 36 manufactures in steel production according to claim 1.
38. the purposes to the ferrochrome of any one of 36 manufactures in stainless steel production according to claim 1.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI20165580 | 2016-07-11 | ||
| FI20165580 | 2016-07-11 | ||
| PCT/FI2017/050528 WO2018011467A1 (en) | 2016-07-11 | 2017-07-10 | Process for manufacturing ferrochromium alloy with desired content of manganese, nickel and molybdenum |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109477155A true CN109477155A (en) | 2019-03-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201780042647.2A Pending CN109477155A (en) | 2016-07-11 | 2017-07-10 | Manufacture have the manganese of required content, nickel, molybdenum ferrochrome method |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3497249A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN109477155A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112019000146A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA3029886A1 (en) |
| EA (1) | EA201990103A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018011467A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110373602A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-25 | 游峰 | A kind of master alloy additive and the preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR102227824B1 (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2021-03-15 | 주식회사 포스코 | Manufacturing method of alloy steel |
| CN110777293A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-02-11 | 王应青 | Low-silicon low-titanium high-carbon ferrochromium and preparation method thereof |
| CN114381572A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-04-22 | 安阳钢铁股份有限公司 | Molybdenum oxide direct alloying process |
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- 2017-07-10 BR BR112019000146A patent/BR112019000146A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2017-07-10 EA EA201990103A patent/EA201990103A1/en unknown
- 2017-07-10 EP EP17746154.8A patent/EP3497249A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3497249A1 (en) | 2019-06-19 |
| EA201990103A1 (en) | 2019-06-28 |
| WO2018011467A1 (en) | 2018-01-18 |
| CA3029886A1 (en) | 2018-01-18 |
| BR112019000146A2 (en) | 2019-04-24 |
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