ATE384539T1 - Anordnung zum on-line spülen und befüllen oder freispülen eines extrakorporalen blutkreislaufs von dialysemaschinen - Google Patents
Anordnung zum on-line spülen und befüllen oder freispülen eines extrakorporalen blutkreislaufs von dialysemaschinenInfo
- Publication number
- ATE384539T1 ATE384539T1 AT03005856T AT03005856T ATE384539T1 AT E384539 T1 ATE384539 T1 AT E384539T1 AT 03005856 T AT03005856 T AT 03005856T AT 03005856 T AT03005856 T AT 03005856T AT E384539 T1 ATE384539 T1 AT E384539T1
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- flushing
- extracorporate
- filling
- arrangement
- blood
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 title abstract 4
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 title 2
- 238000001631 haemodialysis Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3643—Priming, rinsing before or after use
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/1601—Control or regulation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/34—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration
- A61M1/342—Adding solutions to the blood, e.g. substitution solutions
- A61M1/3424—Substitution fluid path
- A61M1/3427—Substitution fluid path back through the membrane, e.g. by inverted trans-membrane pressure [TMP]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/34—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration
- A61M1/342—Adding solutions to the blood, e.g. substitution solutions
- A61M1/3455—Substitution fluids
- A61M1/3465—Substitution fluids using dialysate as substitution fluid
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3643—Priming, rinsing before or after use
- A61M1/3644—Mode of operation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3643—Priming, rinsing before or after use
- A61M1/3644—Mode of operation
- A61M1/3647—Mode of operation with recirculation of the priming solution
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3643—Priming, rinsing before or after use
- A61M1/3644—Mode of operation
- A61M1/365—Mode of operation through membranes, e.g. by inverted trans-membrane pressure [TMP]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S210/00—Liquid purification or separation
- Y10S210/929—Hemoultrafiltrate volume measurement or control processes
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4208274A DE4208274C1 (de) | 1992-03-13 | 1992-03-13 | Verfahren und Anordnung zum Spülen und Befüllen des extrakorporalen Blutkreislaufs von Dialysemaschinen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ATE384539T1 true ATE384539T1 (de) | 2008-02-15 |
Family
ID=6454118
Family Applications (5)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT03005856T ATE384539T1 (de) | 1992-03-13 | 1993-03-11 | Anordnung zum on-line spülen und befüllen oder freispülen eines extrakorporalen blutkreislaufs von dialysemaschinen |
| AT93103965T ATE163135T1 (de) | 1992-03-13 | 1993-03-11 | Verfahren zum on-line spülen und befüllen eines extrakorporalen blutkreislaufes von dialysemaschinen |
| AT97118498T ATE274361T1 (de) | 1992-03-13 | 1993-03-11 | Anordnung zum on-line spülen und befüllen eines extrakorporalen blutkreislaufes von dialysiermaschinen |
| AT97118499T ATE206940T1 (de) | 1992-03-13 | 1993-03-11 | Anordnung zum on-line spülen und befüllen eines extrakorporalen blutkreislaufes von dialysemaschinen |
| AT96103982T ATE206939T1 (de) | 1992-03-13 | 1993-03-11 | Anordnung zum on-line spülen und befüllen eines extrakorporalen blutkreislaufes von dialysiermaschinen |
Family Applications After (4)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT93103965T ATE163135T1 (de) | 1992-03-13 | 1993-03-11 | Verfahren zum on-line spülen und befüllen eines extrakorporalen blutkreislaufes von dialysemaschinen |
| AT97118498T ATE274361T1 (de) | 1992-03-13 | 1993-03-11 | Anordnung zum on-line spülen und befüllen eines extrakorporalen blutkreislaufes von dialysiermaschinen |
| AT97118499T ATE206940T1 (de) | 1992-03-13 | 1993-03-11 | Anordnung zum on-line spülen und befüllen eines extrakorporalen blutkreislaufes von dialysemaschinen |
| AT96103982T ATE206939T1 (de) | 1992-03-13 | 1993-03-11 | Anordnung zum on-line spülen und befüllen eines extrakorporalen blutkreislaufes von dialysiermaschinen |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5259961A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| EP (5) | EP0826384B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| AT (5) | ATE384539T1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| DE (6) | DE4208274C1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| DK (1) | DK0560368T3 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| ES (5) | ES2300514T3 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| GR (3) | GR3026703T3 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
Families Citing this family (61)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5336165A (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 1994-08-09 | Twardowski Zbylut J | Artificial kidney for frequent (daily) Hemodialysis |
| US5902476A (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 1999-05-11 | Twardowski; Zbylut J. | Artificial kidney for frequent (daily) hemodialysis |
| US5910252A (en) * | 1993-02-12 | 1999-06-08 | Cobe Laboratories, Inc. | Technique for extracorporeal treatment of blood |
| US5591344A (en) * | 1995-02-13 | 1997-01-07 | Aksys, Ltd. | Hot water disinfection of dialysis machines, including the extracorporeal circuit thereof |
| IT1279572B1 (it) † | 1995-05-30 | 1997-12-16 | Hospal Dasco Spa | Metodo e apparecchio per il lavaggio di un filtro per dialisi. |
| US5685835A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1997-11-11 | Cobe Laboratories, Inc. | Technique for using a dialysis machine to disinfect a blood tubing set |
| US5772624A (en) * | 1995-07-20 | 1998-06-30 | Medisystems Technology Corporation | Reusable blood lines |
| SE510127C2 (sv) * | 1996-06-13 | 1999-04-19 | Althin Medical Ab | Hemodiafiltrationsset av engångstyp |
| US6331252B1 (en) * | 1998-07-31 | 2001-12-18 | Baxter International Inc. | Methods for priming a blood compartment of a hemodialyzer |
| DE19835294C1 (de) * | 1998-08-05 | 2000-01-27 | Innovative Medizintechnik | Verfahren zur Aufrechterhaltung der Verwendbarkeit einer bereits verwendeten Einrichtung zur extrakorporalen Hämotherapie |
| JP3695506B2 (ja) * | 1998-10-07 | 2005-09-14 | ニプロ株式会社 | 透析装置および洗浄プライミング方法 |
| JP2000107283A (ja) | 1998-10-07 | 2000-04-18 | Nissho Corp | 透析装置および洗浄プライミング方法 |
| WO2000051664A1 (fr) * | 1999-03-02 | 2000-09-08 | Infomed S.A. | Tubulure pour l'epuration extracorporelle du sang et utilisation de cette tubulure |
| IT1319785B1 (it) * | 2000-01-12 | 2003-11-03 | Gambro Dasco Spa | Metodo di svuotamento di un circuito ematico in una macchina didialisi e circuito ematico per l'attuazione del metodo. |
| DE10011208C1 (de) * | 2000-03-08 | 2001-09-27 | Fresenius Medical Care De Gmbh | Befüllen und/oder Spülen eines extrakorporalen Kreislaufs eines Hämodialyse- und/oder Hämofiltrationsgerätes und Blutschlauchset hierfür |
| ITBO20010354A1 (it) * | 2001-06-05 | 2002-12-05 | Gambro Dasco Spa | Metodo di riempimento e di lavaggio di un filtro di una macchina di dialisi |
| SE525132C2 (sv) * | 2001-11-23 | 2004-12-07 | Gambro Lundia Ab | Metod vid manövrering av dialysanordning |
| MXPA05000816A (es) | 2002-07-19 | 2005-04-28 | Baxter Int | Sistemas y metodos para realizar dialisis peritoneal. |
| US8029454B2 (en) | 2003-11-05 | 2011-10-04 | Baxter International Inc. | High convection home hemodialysis/hemofiltration and sorbent system |
| US7744553B2 (en) | 2003-12-16 | 2010-06-29 | Baxter International Inc. | Medical fluid therapy flow control systems and methods |
| DE102005022545B4 (de) * | 2005-05-17 | 2007-02-15 | Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh | Verfahren zum luftfreien Füllen der Blutseite einer Hämodialysevorrichtung mit einer physiologischen Elektrolytlösung |
| WO2007031809A1 (en) * | 2005-09-15 | 2007-03-22 | Gambro Lundia Ab | A process and an apparatus for filling and/or rinsing an extracorporeal blood circuit |
| US9308307B2 (en) | 2007-09-13 | 2016-04-12 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Manifold diaphragms |
| US8240636B2 (en) | 2009-01-12 | 2012-08-14 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Valve system |
| US9358331B2 (en) | 2007-09-13 | 2016-06-07 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Portable dialysis machine with improved reservoir heating system |
| US8597505B2 (en) | 2007-09-13 | 2013-12-03 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Portable dialysis machine |
| US8105487B2 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2012-01-31 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Manifolds for use in conducting dialysis |
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| EP2334412B1 (en) * | 2008-10-07 | 2019-08-21 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Priming system and method for dialysis systems |
| CN105056324B (zh) | 2008-10-30 | 2019-01-01 | 弗雷塞尼斯医疗保健控股公司 | 模块化便携透析系统 |
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| US8753515B2 (en) | 2009-12-05 | 2014-06-17 | Home Dialysis Plus, Ltd. | Dialysis system with ultrafiltration control |
| US8501009B2 (en) | 2010-06-07 | 2013-08-06 | State Of Oregon Acting By And Through The State Board Of Higher Education On Behalf Of Oregon State University | Fluid purification system |
| DE102010032182B4 (de) | 2010-07-23 | 2016-09-29 | Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh | Spülleitung, medizintechnische Funktionseinrichtung, medizintechnische Behandlungsvorrichtung sowie Verfahren |
| EP2465555B1 (en) | 2010-12-20 | 2014-01-15 | Gambro Lundia AB | Method and system for providing priming and restitution liquids for an extracorporeal blood treatment |
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| EP3838308A1 (en) | 2014-04-29 | 2021-06-23 | Outset Medical, Inc. | Dialysis system and methods |
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| KR102549261B1 (ko) | 2015-06-25 | 2023-06-28 | 감브로 룬디아 아베 | 분산형 데이터베이스를 갖는 의료 디바이스 시스템 및 방법 |
| ES3037938T3 (en) | 2016-08-19 | 2025-10-08 | Outset Medical Inc | Peritoneal dialysis system and methods |
| KR102476516B1 (ko) | 2016-12-21 | 2022-12-09 | 감브로 룬디아 아베 | 외부 도메인을 지원하는 안전한 클러스터 도메인을 구비한 정보 기술 인프라를 포함하는 의료 장치 시스템 |
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| WO2019002067A1 (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-03 | Gambro Lundia Ab | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR TREATMENT OF RENAL SUBSTITUTION |
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| AU2019228526B2 (en) | 2018-02-28 | 2021-11-25 | Nxstage Medical, Inc. | Fluid preparation and treatment devices, methods, and systems |
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| FR2602426B1 (fr) * | 1986-08-08 | 1988-11-10 | Hospal Ind | Installation a fonctions multiples pour la suppleance a la filtration naturelle du sang |
| DE3641843A1 (de) * | 1986-12-08 | 1988-06-16 | Fresenius Ag | Haemodialysevorrichtung mit sterilisiereinrichtung |
| US4784771A (en) * | 1987-08-03 | 1988-11-15 | Environmental Water Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for purifying fluids |
| FR2624375B1 (fr) * | 1987-12-11 | 1997-03-28 | Hospal Ind | Procede et dispositif de rincage et d'amorcage d'un echangeur |
| DE3841863A1 (de) * | 1988-12-13 | 1990-06-21 | Braun Melsungen Ag | Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen haemofiltration und haemodiafiltration |
| DE3936785C1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) * | 1989-11-04 | 1991-03-28 | Fresenius Ag, 6380 Bad Homburg, De | |
| US5141493A (en) * | 1990-01-26 | 1992-08-25 | Sarcos Group | Peritoneal dialysis system |
| FR2660866B1 (fr) * | 1990-04-13 | 1992-06-12 | Hogamed | Procede et dispositif de preparation d'un liquide de substitution. |
| SE9001890L (sv) * | 1990-05-25 | 1991-11-26 | Gambro Ab | System foer styrning av en medicinsk behandling, tex dialys |
| FR2680318B1 (fr) * | 1991-08-14 | 1994-01-21 | Hospal Industrie | Rein artificiel et procede de commande. |
| US5336165A (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 1994-08-09 | Twardowski Zbylut J | Artificial kidney for frequent (daily) Hemodialysis |
| FR2680975B1 (fr) * | 1991-09-10 | 1998-12-31 | Hospal Ind | Rein artificiel muni de moyens pour doser une substance dans le sang. |
-
1992
- 1992-03-13 DE DE4208274A patent/DE4208274C1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-01 US US07/892,792 patent/US5259961A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-03-11 ES ES03005856T patent/ES2300514T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-11 DE DE59310363T patent/DE59310363D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-11 DE DE59310394T patent/DE59310394D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-11 AT AT03005856T patent/ATE384539T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-03-11 EP EP97118499A patent/EP0826384B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-11 ES ES96103982T patent/ES2161934T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-11 ES ES93103965T patent/ES2115690T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-11 AT AT93103965T patent/ATE163135T1/de active
- 1993-03-11 EP EP03005856A patent/EP1323439B1/de not_active Revoked
- 1993-03-11 AT AT97118498T patent/ATE274361T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-03-11 DK DK93103965T patent/DK0560368T3/da active
- 1993-03-11 DE DE59310228T patent/DE59310228D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-11 EP EP96103982A patent/EP0720856B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-11 DE DE59310227T patent/DE59310227D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-11 AT AT97118499T patent/ATE206940T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-03-11 EP EP97118498A patent/EP0826383B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-11 DE DE59308128T patent/DE59308128D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-11 AT AT96103982T patent/ATE206939T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-03-11 EP EP93103965A patent/EP0560368B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-11 ES ES97118499T patent/ES2163079T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-11 ES ES97118498T patent/ES2227644T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-07-07 US US08/088,833 patent/US5490925A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-04-23 GR GR980400891T patent/GR3026703T3/el unknown
-
2001
- 2001-10-18 GR GR20010401718T patent/GR3036922T3/el not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-10-18 GR GR20010401719T patent/GR3036923T3/el not_active IP Right Cessation
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