AT95220B - Process for the oxidation of hydrocarbons. - Google Patents
Process for the oxidation of hydrocarbons.Info
- Publication number
- AT95220B AT95220B AT95220DA AT95220B AT 95220 B AT95220 B AT 95220B AT 95220D A AT95220D A AT 95220DA AT 95220 B AT95220 B AT 95220B
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- hydrocarbons
- oxidation
- oxygen
- fatty acids
- mixture
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title description 9
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Description
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Verfahren zur Oxydation von Kohlenwasserstoffen.
Die Umwandlung von Kohlenwasserstoffen der aliphatischen Reihe in die entsprechenden Fettsäuren kann auf verschiedenen Wegen durchgeführt werden, doch ist von den bekannten Methoden keine für eine Verwertung im Grossbetriebe geeignet, denn alle benötigen zur Durchführung der 1 ! m- wandlung die Herstellung einer Reihe von Zwischenprodukten, deren Isolierung schwierig ist und die, daher den Prozess unrentabel gestalten.
Für die Technik schien allein der Weg der direkten Oxydation der Kohlenwasserstoffe gangbar ; jenes Ziel erscheint durch vorliegende Erfindung erreicht. Dieselbe besteht in der Einwirkung von reinem oder durch indifferente Gase verdünntem Sauerstoff auf aliphatische Kohlenwasserstoffe bei erhöhter Temperatur, mit oder ohne Drucke unter Anwendung von Sauerstoffüberträgern wie Oxyden und Salzen der seltenen Erden, der Eisen-und der Kupfergruppe. sowie der Edelmetalle unter Mitwirkung von Wasserdampf.
Auf diesem Wege werden Gemenge von Fettsäuren, höher oxydierten, verharzten Körpern und unangegriffenen Kohlenwasserstoffen erhalten. Die Isolierung der Fettsäuren aus dem Reaktionsgemisch erfolgt durch Behandlung dieses Gemenges mit Alkalilauge. Zersetzung der erhaltenen Seifen mit Mineralsäure und nachfolgender Reinigung durch Destillation, unter vermindertem Drucke.
Die so erhaltenen Fettsäuren stellen bei Anwendung von technischem Parraffin als Ausgangsmaterial, entsprechend dem Gemenge der darin enthaltenen Kohlenwasserstoffe, ein Gemenge der homologen Fettsäuren dar und sind in ihren Eigenschaften den im Kokosnussöl enthaltenen Fettsäuren ähnlich. Die Säurezahl dieses
EMI1.1
so lange ein Luft- oder Sauerstoffstrom durehgeleitet, der vorher eine mit Wasser beschickte Waschflasche passiert hat, bis die VerseifungszaJil einer entnommenen Probe 120 beträgt.
Dann wird das Reaktionsgemenge mit Natronlauge in mässigem Überschüsse behandelt, der erhaltene Seifenlehn getrocknet. das rnverseifbare extrahiert, die Seifen mit Salz-oder Schwefelsäure zersetzt und die ab- geschiedenen Fettsäuren nach Umschmelzen bis zum vollständigen Verdampfen des eingeschlossenen Wassers, bei einem Drucke von 10-13 mm fraktioniert. Die Destillation beginnt bei 190 und wird bei steigender Temperatur so lange fortgesetzt, bis die übergehenden Tropfen dunkle Färbung annehmen, was bei 290-300'der Fall ist. Das Destillat, ein Gemisch von wenig flüssigen, mit viel festen Fettsäuren, kann nun weiter verarbeitet werden.
Beispiel 2:200 g Paraffin warden in Gegenwart von 2 g eines 100/0 Ceroxyd enthaltenden Katalysators bei 1900 mit einem kräftigen Strom feuchter Luft turbiniert, bis nach 12 Stunden eine entnommene Probe die Verseifungszahl 161 zeigte. Das Reaktionsprodukt wurde dann wie oben aufgearbeitet.
Beispiel 3 : 200 g Paraffin wurden mit 5% Bleimanganit auf 1800 erhitzt und ein Luft-Wasserdampfgemisch hindurchgeleitet. Dabei erfolgte durch den intensiven Gasstrom eine innige Verengung der Reaktionskomponenten, d. h. des Paraffins, des Wasserdampfes und des durch Zerlegung des letzteren entstehenden Sauerstoffgases sowie der Luft. Der Versuch wurde so lange fortgesetzt, bis die (in regelmässigen Intervallen vorgenommene) Untersuchung des Reaktionsgemisches eine Verseifungszahl von fast 140 ergab.
An Stelle von Paraffin können auch Gasöle oder andere flüssige Kohlenwasserstoffe als Ausgangsmaterial verwendet werden.
PATENT-ANSPRUCHE :
1. Verfahren zur Oxydation von Kohlenwasserstoffen zu verseifbaren Produkten, durch Einblasen von Sauerstoff oder sauerstoffhaltigen Gasen, wie z. B. Luft, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Oxydation der Kohlenwasserstoffe mit oder ohne Anwendung von Druck, bei Gegenwart von Wasserdampf und Sauerstoffüberträgern (Oxyde und Salze der seltenen Erden, der Eisen-, Kupfer-oder der Edelmetallgruppe mit Ausnahme von Quecksilber) durchgeführt wird.
**WARNUNG** Ende DESC Feld kannt Anfang CLMS uberlappen**.
<Desc / Clms Page number 1>
Process for the oxidation of hydrocarbons.
The conversion of hydrocarbons of the aliphatic series into the corresponding fatty acids can be carried out in various ways, but none of the known methods is suitable for use in large-scale operations, because all of them require 1! Conversion involves the manufacture of a number of intermediate products which are difficult to isolate and which therefore make the process unprofitable.
For technology, only the direct oxidation of the hydrocarbons seemed feasible; that aim appears to be achieved by the present invention. This consists in the action of pure oxygen or oxygen diluted by inert gases on aliphatic hydrocarbons at elevated temperature, with or without pressure, using oxygen carriers such as oxides and salts of the rare earths, the iron and copper groups. and precious metals with the help of water vapor.
In this way, mixtures of fatty acids, more highly oxidized, resinified bodies and unaffected hydrocarbons are obtained. The fatty acids are isolated from the reaction mixture by treating this mixture with alkali. Decomposition of the soaps obtained with mineral acid and subsequent purification by distillation, under reduced pressure.
When technical paraffin is used as the starting material, the fatty acids obtained in this way represent a mixture of homologous fatty acids in accordance with the mixture of hydrocarbons contained therein, and their properties are similar to those in coconut oil. The acid number of this
EMI1.1
A stream of air or oxygen passed through a wash bottle filled with water until the saponification rate of a sample taken is 120.
The reaction mixture is then treated with a moderate excess of sodium hydroxide solution and the soap loin obtained is dried. that which can be hydrolyzed is extracted, the soaps are decomposed with hydrochloric or sulfuric acid and the separated fatty acids are fractionated after remelting until the enclosed water has completely evaporated at a pressure of 10-13 mm. The distillation begins at 190 and is continued as the temperature rises until the droplets passing over take on a dark color, which is the case at 290-300 '. The distillate, a mixture of less liquid and a lot of solid fatty acids, can now be processed further.
Example 2: 200 g of paraffin are turbinated in the presence of 2 g of a 100/0 cerium oxide-containing catalyst at 1900 with a vigorous stream of moist air until a sample taken after 12 hours showed the saponification number 161. The reaction product was then worked up as above.
Example 3: 200 g of paraffin with 5% lead manganite were heated to 1,800 and an air / steam mixture was passed through. The intensive gas flow resulted in an intimate narrowing of the reaction components; H. the paraffin, the water vapor and the oxygen gas produced by the decomposition of the latter, as well as the air. The experiment was continued until the examination of the reaction mixture (carried out at regular intervals) showed a saponification number of almost 140.
Instead of paraffin, gas oils or other liquid hydrocarbons can also be used as starting material.
PATENT CLAIMS:
1. Process for the oxidation of hydrocarbons to saponifiable products, by blowing in oxygen or oxygen-containing gases, such as. B. air, characterized in that the oxidation of the hydrocarbons with or without the application of pressure, in the presence of water vapor and oxygen carriers (oxides and salts of rare earths, the iron, copper or noble metal group with the exception of mercury) is carried out.
** WARNING ** End of DESC field may overlap beginning of CLMS **.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT95220T | 1916-12-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AT95220B true AT95220B (en) | 1923-12-10 |
Family
ID=3614900
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT95220D AT95220B (en) | 1916-12-16 | 1916-12-16 | Process for the oxidation of hydrocarbons. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT95220B (en) |
-
1916
- 1916-12-16 AT AT95220D patent/AT95220B/en active
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